INDEX.

A. Academia, 21, 246 Ædes Publican, Flavian, 22, 24 Æsculapius, temple of, 116 Agger of Servius, 157 Agon Capitolinus, 181 Agrippina, pedestal of, 146, 178 Alba Longa, 207 Alban Hills, 192, 194; Emissarium or tunnel of, 204 —— Lake, 203 —— Mount, 206 Albanum Cæsarum, 202 Albula, 189 Albulæ Aquæ, 236 Alexamenus, 18 Allia, 257 Altar of Sextius, 16 Amphitheatrum Castrense, 173 Ancient stone work, 163 Anio, falls of, 249 Antoninus Pius, pedestal of column, 178 Appian Road, 194 Aqua Virgo, 135 Arches, 9 Arch of Constantine, 59 —— Dolabella, 174 —— Drusus, 171 —— Gallienus, 77 —— M. Aurelius, 177 —— Severus, 52 —— Silversmiths, 104 —— Tiberius, 46 —— Titus, 31 Architectural styles, 5, 11 Arco dei Pantani, 92 Area Flacciana, 15 Arena of Coliseum, 67 Arricia, causeway at, 208 Arval College, 231 Atta, tomb of, 219 Atticus, tomb of, 198 Atrium, Palatine, 23 Auguratorium, on Palatine, 30 Augustan buildings, 21 Aurelius, M., bas-reliefs from arch, 177 Aventine and Cælian Hills, 161. B. Bandusiæ Fons, 256 Basilica, Constantine, 34, 35, 183 —— Julia, 44 ——, Palatine, 24 ——, Ulpia, 83 Bas-reliefs in Forum, 42, 43 Baths of Agrippa, 134 —— Caracalla, 166, 183 —— Constantine, 100, 183 —— Diocletian, 153 —— Titus, 75 Bibliotheca, 21 Bibulus, tomb of, 97 Brickwork, 12 Bronze cone, 149, 178; peacocks, 150, 178 Bovillæ, 200 C. Cæcilia Metella, tomb of, 197 Cælian, houses on, 176 Caffarelli Palace, 98 Caligula, Palace of, 31 Calydonian boar hunt, 181 Campagna, hills of, 191; population, 192 Capitoline map, 120, 181 Capitolium, 98 Casale Rotondo, 200 Cestius, tomb of, 165 Cicero’s Villa, 218 Circus Flaminius, 123; —— Maximus, Carceres of, 112 Claudian Aqueduct, 20, 81, 174 Climate, 189 Clivus Victoriæ, 14 Cloaca Maxima, 46, 105 Clodius, Villa of, 201 Cluilia Fossa, 197 Coliseum, 61; architecture of, 72; characteristic of builder, 70 Colonnacce, 94 Colossus of Nero, 63 Columbaria, 73, 170 Columns, 10 Column of Marcus Aurelius, 138 —— Phocas, 41 —— Trajan, 84; cast of, 89 Columna Centenaria, 142 Commodus, Palace of, 176 Constantine, Baths of, 100 Cornelia Gracchorum, 121 Cosmedin, S. Maria in, 111 Cremera, 259 Cryptoporticus, 25 Curtius, bas-relief, 179 D. Dacian campaigns, Trajan’s, 87 Decebalus, 88 Demosthenes, statue of, 182 Digentia, 254 Dii Consentes, area of, 48 Dogana, in Piazza di Pietra, 136 Domitius Calvinus, pedestal, 26, 28 Domus Aurea of Nero, 73 Doria Palace, 127 Duilian column, inscription on, 179 E. Egeria, grotto of, 195 Egyptian antiquities, 129, 177 Einsiedlen MS., 51, 76, 100, 125, 138, 148 Eurysaces, tomb of, 81 F. Fasti Consulares, 179 —— Prænestini, 229 Faustina, the younger, 178 Fidenæ, 257 Fiumicino, 231 Flaminia, Via, 257 Forum Augusti, 92 —— Julium, 91 ——, Nerva’s, 94 —— Romanum, 38 ——, Trajan’s, 83 Fratres Arvales, 231; buildings of, 232 Freshwater strata, 187 Frontispicium Neronis, 100 G. Gabii, 221 Gabinius, Villa of, 218 Galuzze, 79 Gelotiana, Domus, 17 Geology of Campagna, 185 Germalus, 17, 29 Germanicus, House of, 26 Geta, erased, 104, 119 Gladiator or Gaul, dying, 181 Gnomon Obelisk, 137 Gordiana, Villa, 219 Gradus Concordiæ, 51 Graffiti, 18, 70 H. Hadrian, colossal head of, 178 Hadrian’s Villa, 237; antiquities from, 181, 183 Heliogabalus, Lavacrum, 36, 58 Horace, Sabine farm, 254 House of Laterani, 173 I. Imperial monuments, 3 J. Janus Quadrifrons, 103 Julius Cæsar, Heroon of, 39 Jupiter Pluvius, 141 —— Propugnator, 28 —— Redux, 176 —— Stator, 25 —— Victor, 28 L. Labicum, 223 Laconicum, 134, 155, 168 Laocoon, 182 Lararium, Palatine, 24 Latifundia, 192 Latin road, tombs on, 211 Latium, towns of, 191, 192 Lautumiæ, 56 Legio fulminata, 141 Lucretilis, 256 M. Mæcenas, Auditorium of, 80; Tower of, 102 Mamertine Prison, 55 Mandela, 254 Marcus Aurelius, statue of, 183 Marine strata, 185 Masonry, Roman, 4 Mausoleum of Augustus, 143 —— Hadrian, 148 Maxentius, Circus of, 196 Meta Sudans, 58 Milestones on Appian Road, 183 Miliarium Aureum, 54 Minerva Medica, 78 Mons Sacer, 257 Monte Cavallo, 183 —— Testaccio, 164 Monumental History, 2 Monumentum Ancyranum, 145 Muro Torto, 147 Museum, Kircherian, antiquities in, 183 N. Navicella, 174 Nemi, Lake of, 208; Cæsar’s Villa at, 210 Nomentana, Via, 257 Nymphæum, Palatine, 23 O. Obelisks, 12, 129, 145 Oligarchical monuments, 2 Ostia, 229; antiquities from, 182 P. Palatine, Belvedere on, 20; entrance, 14; paintings on peristylium, 23, 27; walls, 16, 17 Pantheon, 130; plundered, 135 Pedestals, in Forum, 41, 42 Phaon, Villa of, 257 Piazza Navona, 143 Pillar of Antoninus Pius, 138 Plautian Tomb, 236 Pompey, Villa and Tomb of, 201 Pons Ælius, 148 Ponte Lucano, 236 —— Molle, or Milvian bridge, 257 —— di Nono, 221 —— Rotto, 115 —— S. Sisto, 126 Porphyry basin, 182 Porta Capena, 163 —— Chiusa, 159 —— Collina, 257 —— Maggiore, 81 —— Mugionia, 24 —— Ratumena, 97 —— Romanula, 15 —— S. Lorenzo, 81 —— Viminalis, 153 Porticus Catuli, 15 —— Metelli, 120 —— Octaviæ, 119 Portland Vase, 181 Porto, 233 Præneste, 223 Prætorian Camp, 158 Prima Porta, statue of Augustus from, 260; Villa of Livia, 259 Puteal, in Forum, 39 Q. Quintiliana, Villa of Commodus, 198, 212; sculpture from, 200 Quirinal Hill, 101 Quirinale, or Monte Cavallo, Piazza, 101, 183 R. Rediculus, Divus, 195 Regal Monuments, 2 Republican Monuments, 2 Rienzi, 147 Roma Vecchia, 197, 212 Rostra of Empire, 54 Rutilius, 248 S. Salaria Via, 257 Salita del Grillo, ruin in, 83 Sallustia, statue of, 172 S. Andrea della Valle, 123 S. Angelo, bridge of, 148 S. Constanza, Chapel of, 257 SS. Cosma and Damiano, 36 S. Maria degli Angeli, 153, 155 S. Maria in Via Lata, 127 S. Nicola in Carcere, ruins in, 117 S. Urbano, 195 Sarcophagi and cippus, 182 Saxa Rubra, 259 Scala Cœli, 29 Schola Xanthi, 49 Scipio, Sarcophagus, 182 Scipios, Tomb of, 170 Sculpture, ancient specimens of, 184 Seneca, Villa of, 197 Septa, 127 Septizonium, 20, 151 Servian Walls, 161 Sessorium, 172 Sette Basse, 212 —— Sale, 75 Site of Rome, 1 Sortes Prænestinæ, 225, 228 Stadium Palatinum, 18 Suovetaurilia, 42, 60, 88 T. Tabularium, 56 Tarpeian Rock, 99 Tarquin Dynasty, 106, 157, 161 Teatro Correa, 143 Temple of Albunea at Tivoli, 252 —— Antoninus and Faustina, 40 —— Artemis at Nemi, 210 —— Bacchus or Honos, 195 —— Castor, 38 —— Ceres, 110 —— Concord, 50 —— Cybele, 29 —— Fortuna Prænestina, 225 —— Fortuna Virilis, 107 —— Hadrian, 137 —— Isis, 128 —— Jupiter Capitolinus, 98 —— Jupiter Feretrius, 29 —— Jupiter Latiaris, 207 —— Lares Præstites, 29 —— Marcus Aurelius, 139 —— Mars Ultor, 92 —— Minerva, 96 —— Penates, 36 —— Romulus, 196 —— Saturn, 46 —— Serapis, 128 —— Sibyl, or Vesta, at Tivoli, 251 —— Sun, Aurelian’s, 100 —— Venus and Cupid, 172 —— Venus and Rome, 32 —— Vespasian, 49 —— Vesta, 39 —— Vesta or Hercules, 108 Temples, on Palatine, 28 Theatre of Balbus, 122, 183 —— Marcellus, 112 —— Pompey, 123 Theseus and Amazons, 181 Tiber, Island of, 115; bridges, 116; water of, 188 Tiberius, House of, 26, 30 Tivoli, or Tibur, 235; Villas at, 252 Torre Fiscale, 212 —— Paterno, ruins at, 234 —— Pignatara, 221 Torso Belvedere, 182 Totilas, 152, 236, 247 Transitoria, Domus, 34 Transtiberine Walls, 4 Travertine, quarries, 236 Triclinium, Palatine, 22 Trophies, of Marius, 76, 183 Tufaceous stone, 186 Tunnels, subterranean, 206 Tusculum, 214; gate and walls, 216; history of city, 217; theatre at, 215 U. Ustica, 256 Ustrina Cæsarum, 144, 146 V. Vacuna, Chapel of, 256 Varia, 254 Vatican Hill, enclosed, 4 V. D. N., 18 Veii, 260 Veii and Campagna, antiquities from, 182 Velabrum, 103 Velia, 31 Vettius Prætextatus, 49 Vicus Tuscus, 39 Vigna Guidi, 169 Villa Mills, 21 Villas, ancient, 190, 193 Vitiges, 149, 152, 193 Volcanic strata, 186 Vota, 60 W. Wolf, bronze figure, 17, 180

LONDON: PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET AND CHARING CROSS.

Footnotes:

[1] See Corp. Inscr. Lat. vol. vi. 1, No. 1158.

[2] Cic. de Har. Resp. xv., 33. Vettius, in Cic. ad Att. ii. 24, calls Cicero “vicinus consulis,” i.e. near the Regia.

[3] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ ch. viii. p. 160.

[4] Festus, p. 262, “infimo clivo Victoriæ.”

[5] A descent to the right to the Forum has been observed by a French architect. See ‘Le Forum Romain,’ par Dutert; Lévy, Paris, 1876, p. 14. ‘Guida del Palatino,’ p. 71. Valerius Maximus, vi. 3, 1. Cic. pro Dom. 38. 102.

[6] Cic. de Div. i. 45; ii. 32. Liv. v. 32.

[7] Corp. Inscr. i. 632. Wordsworth, Frag. of early Latin, p. 167, 410.

[8] Cic. de Orat. ii. 249.

[9] Cic. ad Att. iv. 3, 3. Liv. xxxiii. 26.

[10] Vacca Memorie 3, Urlichs, in Rheinisches Museum, 1846.

[11] See Henzen, in Bull. dell. Inst., 1867. The name of Domus Gelotiana has been given to this ruin by Visconti. See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 181.

[12] The marks on the bricks found here bear the names of Clonius and Ermetes, freedmen of the Gens Domitia, but the walls which stand near the meta are constructed of materials which show that they are of later date, and belong to the Restoration of Theodoric, A.D. 500.

[13] Hist. Aug. Severus, 19, 24. See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 180.

[14] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ pp. 174, 200.

[15] Plin. Ep. I. 13.

[16] See ‘The Journal of Philology,’ Cambridge 1869, vol. ii. p. 89.

[17] Stat. Silv., iv. 2, 26.

[18] The name Basilica Jovis, placed here by Rosa, probably refers to a temple and not to this tribunal.

Plin. Panegyr., 47.

[19] ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 34.

[20] Josephus, Ant. Jud. xix. 1, 15.

[21] Gell, N. A. xx. 1, 2.

[22] Suet. Tib. 5.

[23] Orelli, Inscr. 6057, 6058.

[24] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 178.

[25] Solinus, i. 18.

[26] Orelli, 2286.

[27] Tac. Hist. i. 27.

[28] Hist. Aug. Ant. Pius, 10; Ant. Phil. 6; Gell. xiii. 20.

[29] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 160, Note 1.

[30] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 162.

[31] Josephus, Bell. Jud. vii. 5, 7.

[32] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 170.

[33] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 171.

[34] Parker’s ‘Archæology of Rome,’ vol. ii. p. 98. Jordan, ‘Forma urbis Romæ’; Berlin, 1874, p. 37.

[35] ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 169.

[36] Aur. Vict. Cæs. xl. 26. See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 166.

[37] Vitruv. v. 1.

[38] ‘Archæology of Rome,’ vol. ii. p. 75.

[39] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 163.

[40] Lampridius, Hist. Aug. Ant. Hel. 8, 17, in ædibus aulicis. Parker, ‘Archæology of Rome,’ vol. ii. p. 92.

[41] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 100.

[42] Ibid. p. 103.

[43] Eckhel, vii. 37. On the mistaken appropriation of the temple to M. Aurelius, see ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 114.

[44] See Reber’s ‘Ruinen Roms,’ p. 132.

[45] Corp. Inscr. Lat. vol. vi. pt. 1, No. 1200. “Indictionis undecimo Post Consulatum pietatis ejus anno quinto” are the last words of the inscription. “In the eleventh year of his appointment and the fifth year of his reverence the emperor.” See Nibby, ‘Roma antica,’ p. 152; Zell. Epigr. 1226. A D = A Deo.

[46] See Clinton, Fast. Rom. A.D. 608.

[47] Stat. Silv. i. 1. Mr. Parker thinks that this was the pedestal of a statue of Constantine. Archæol. vol. ii. pl. xix.

[48] Nichols, ‘The Roman Forum,’ p. 78.

[49] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ Appendix, p. 452.

[50] Gardhausen, ‘Hermes,’ viii. 129. Nichols, ‘Roman Forum,’ p. 67. Ann. dell. Inst. 1872. Mr. Nichols’s explanation does not account for the position of the fig-tree and Marsyas satisfactorily.

[51] Jordan, ‘Forma urbis Romæ,’ pp. 4, 25. The proportion of the length to the breadth is nearly that given by Vitruvius as proper for a basilica.

[52] Juv. Sat. v. 104.

[53] Tac. Ann. ii. 41.

[54] Jordan, ‘Forma urbis Romæ,’ p. 26.

[55] Cic. Phil. ii. 7.

[56] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 58.

[57] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 91.

[58] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. xxix.

[59] Cic. Phil. vii. ch. 8. The third Catilinarian oration was delivered here.

[60] Dion. Cass. lxxvii. 12.

[61] Herodian iii. 9, 10, 11. Hist. Aug. Vit. Sev. 9, 16, 17.

[62] See Parker’s Archæol. vol. ii. pl. xi.

[63] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 354, Appendix.

[64] See Jordan, Top. Rom. p. 13, Note 20.

[65] Liv. xxxvii. 3. Seneca, Contr. ix. 4, 21.

[66] Corp. Inscr. Lat. i. 591, 592. Mommsen, Ann. Inst. 1858, p. 211. Canina, Rom. Ant. p. 290. Virgil’s use of the plural tabularia is not, therefore, merely poetical: Georg. ii. 502.

[67] Seneca’s letter was written from Baiæ, which seems to place the building he speaks of there and not at Rome. The word “meta” was used by the Latin classical writers in speaking of haystacks or cream-cheeses made in a conical shape. Columella, ii. 19; Mart. i. 44.

[68] See Casaubon’s note on Spartian, Hist. Aug. p. 40; B.C. Tac. Ann. vi. 17; xvi. 22.

[69] The great amphitheatre at El Djemm in Tunis is 480 feet by 420 and 102 feet in height, that at Pola in Istria 437 by 346 feet and 97 feet in height. Shaw’s ‘Travels,’ i. p. 220. Ann. dell’ Inst. 1852. Allason’s Pola.

[70] The tomb of Scipio Barbatus in the Vatican is another curious instance of this mixture of Doric and Ionic decorative forms.

[71] This portico is shown in the medals of Titus and Alexander Severus. The remains of a similar portico exist in the amphitheatre at Thysdrus (El Djemm) in Tunis. See Canina in the Ann. dell’ Inst. 1852, tav. d’Agg. U.

[72] Suet. Vesp. viii. 13.

[73] Gibbon, ‘Decline and Fall,’ ch. lxxi.

[74] Suet. Jul. ii. Propert. iv. ii. 46.

[75] Gibbon, ‘Decline and Fall,’ ch. x.

[76] See Dion Cassius, lxviii. 9-13.

[77] Dion Cass. lvi. 27.

[78] The frieze is described and representations of it are given in the Annali and Monumenti dell’ Inst. 1877.

[79] See ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. xlii.

[80] See the Annali and Monumenti of the Inst. di Corr. arch. 1876.

[81] Dionys. iv. 27.

[82] Tac. Ann. ii. 49. Dionys. vi. 7, 94. Vitruv. iii. 3, 5. Plin. N. H. xxxv. 4, 24. 10, 99. 12. 154.

[83] Auson. Sept. Sap. prol. 22. Mon. Ancyr. tab. iv. Hist. Aug. Alex. Sev. 44.

[84] See Reber, Ruinen Roms, p. 316. Eckhel, Num. Vet. tom. v. p. 210.

[85] Ann. dell’ Inst. 1850, p. 347. Monum. v. xxiv.

[86] Festus, p. 178, ed. Müller. Velleius, i. 1, 3; ii. 1, 2.

[87] Vitruv. v. 9.

[88] Tac. Ann. xiv. 20.

[89] Hier. Chron. ed. Ronealli, i. 475; ii. 247.

[90] Grut. Inser. cxi. 6. Amm. Marc. xvi. 10.

[91] Juv. Sat. vi. 529. Joseph. B. J. vii. 5, 4.

[92] Fea, Misc. lxvi. 26; cxxv. 17; ccliv. 112.

[93] Amm. Marc. xvi. 10. Seneca de Ben. iii. 32.

[94] Dion. Cass. liii. 27.

[95] In the Curiosum the temple and column are placed together in the ninth region.

[96] Plin. N. H. xxxvi. 9, 71, 72.

[97] Annali dell’ Inst. 1852, p. 338.

[98] Dion. Cass. lv. 23. Orelli, Inscr. 517, 5447.

[99] Gruter, Inscr. 466.

[100] Strabo, v. 3, 8.

[101] Dion. Cass. liii. 32, liv. 26.

[102] Dion. Cass. lxix. 23.

[103] Reumont, Gesch. Roms, vol. ii. p. 917, A.D. 1354; Gibbon, ch. lxx.

[104] Procop. Bell. Goth. 22.

[105] Bunsen’s Memoirs, vol. i. p. 208. Hirt. Gesch. der Bauk, ii. p. 373.

[106] Hist. Aug. Sept. Sev. 19, 24. Herodian iv. 1, 4.

[107] Gibbon, ch. xlix.

[108] Donati ‘Roma vetus ac recens,’ 1665, p. 476.

[109] Dionys. ix. 68. Brocchi, Suolo di Roma, p. 144.

[110] Ann. dell’ Inst. xxxiv. 133. Festus, p. 261. Varro, L. L. v. § 49.

[111] Herodian, ii. 6.

[112] Bunsen, Beschreibung Roms, iii. 2, 359.

[113] Bull. dell’ Inst. 1855, p. 87.

[114] Abeken. ‘Mittelitalien,’ p. 143.

[115] Bull. dell’ Inst. xxv. 85, 116; xxxvii. 235.

[116] Hist. Aug. Car. 9. Hel. 17. Al. Sev. 25.

[117] Olymp. ap. Phot. Bibl. 80, p. 63. Bekker.

[118] Cor. Insc. Lat. vol. i. p. 12.

[119] Marini, Frat. Arv. p. 674.

[120] Eckhel, Num. Vet. ii. 6. 176.

[121] Frontin. 76.

[122] See Woodcut on p. 179.

[123] Ibid. p. 180.

[124] Plin. Ep. ii. 17. The depopulation of the Campagna began even in the time of the later Republic. See Appian, B.C., i. 7. In the Antonine era and the following reigns, pestilence and famine swept off millions of inhabitants. Zumpt, ‘Stand der Bevölkerung,’ p. 84, quoted by Merivale, vol. vii. p. 610.

[125] Cic. de Or. ii. 6. Val. Max. viii. 8. See Mommsen, R. H. i. 13, p. 200.

[126] Suet. Galb. i. Plin. N. H. xv. 40, 136, 137.

[127] Plin. N. H. xxxiv. § 20. Rutilius de Red. 224. Strabo, v. 3.

[128] Cic. pro Planc. 9. De Leg. Agr. ii. 35.

[129] Festus, p. 232.

[130] Visconti, op. Milan 1829, vol. ii. p. 387.

[131] Hobler, Roman coins, p. 821. No. 2035. Eckhel, Num. Vet. viii. p. 59.

[132] Hist. Aug. Flor. 16. Dion Cass. lxxii. 5, 13.

[133] Herodian, i. 12.

[134] Ann. dell’ Inst. 1853, 1854.

[135] Cic. pro Planc. 9; Propert. v. 1, 33.

[136] Cic. pro Mil. 10, 19, 20, 31.

[137] The mock council held over the gigantic turbot described in the Fourth Satire of Juvenal was at the Albanum.

[138] Ann. and Mon. dell’ Inst. 1854, p. 101.

[139] Cic. de Div. i. 44; ii. 32.

[140] Hirt, Gesch. der Bau, ii. p. 106.

[141] Fea, Miscellanea, pp. cccxvii. cclxxiv.

[142] Nibby, Analisi, ii. 305.

[143] Annali and Monumenti dell’ Inst. 1856.

[144] Nibby, Anal. iii. p. 736.

[145] Schol. ad Hor. Ep. i. 29.

[146] Canina, Mon. dell’ Arch. ant. tav. 183.

[147] Nibby, Anal. vol. ii. p. 87.

[148] Nibby, Anal. ii. 496.

[149] Cecconi, ‘Storia di Palestrina,’ p. 162.

[150] See ‘Tempio di Fortuna Prænestina,’ Thon and Nibby, Roma 1825.

[151] Mon. dell’ Inst. VI. tav. xi. Ann. dell’ Inst. 1857 p. 281.

[152] Nibby, Anal. II. 468.

[153] Lanciani, ‘Scavi nel Bosco Sacro,’ Roma 1868.

[154] Plin. Ep. viii. 17.

[155] Herodian i. 12, 2.

[156] Nibby, Anal. ii. p. 205.

[157] Hist. Aug. Hadrian 26. Aur. Vict. Epit. xiv. Tertull. Apol. 5.

[158] Strabo, xvii. 17.

[159] Nibby, Anal. iii. 655.

[160] Dennis in Milman’s Horace, p. 101; pratum apricum, Ep. i. 14, 30; aprica rura, Od. iii. 18, 2. See also, Od. iii. 16, 30; Ep. i. 14, 35, 39. ‘Rome and the Campagna,’ p. 430.

[161] Nibby, Anal. iii. 31. Bull. dell’ Inst. 1863, pp. 72, 81.

[162] See Dennis, ‘Etruria,’ ch. i.

Transcriber’s Note:

Footnote 16 appears on page 21 of the text, but there is no corresponding marker on the page.