MISCELLANIES.

Burnet.—In addition to the opinions expressed in favour of or opposed to Burnet's "History," (No. 3. p. 40., and No. 8. p. 120.), I may also refer to Dr. King's Anecdotes; he says,

"I knew Burnet; he was a furious party-man, and easily imposed on by any lying spirit of his own faction; but he was a better pastor than any man who is now seated on the Bishop's bench."

Dryden's chastisement of Burnet—"the noble Buzzard"—in his Hind and Panther must be familiar to your readers. It was given as "adequate retaliation" for the Bishop's censure of the immorality of Dryden's plays. Applied to Burnet's Sketches of Characters, Dryden says:

Scott's note on this passage well merits perusal.

J.H.M.

Bath.

PERVENIRI AD SUMMUM NISI EX PRINCIPIIS NON POTEST.

(From the Latin of Vincent Bourne.)

Rufus.

Prince Madoc (No. 4. p. 56.; No. 18. p. 282.).—In the darkness superinduced by the absence of historical evidence on the Welsh settlement in America, I beg leave to offer a few remarks on some ethnological subjects involved in this question.

In reference to the specimen of a Welsh-Indian Vocabulary in Catlin's N.A. Indians, which "Gomer" opposes to Prof. Elton's proposition on this subject (No. 15. p. 236.), were the instances of similarity to exhibit the influence of opinion, of government, or of commerce, on the language of the tribe, the origin of such words would be as indisputable as that of those introduced by the English into the various countries of the East where they have factories; e.g. governor, council, company. But these and numerous other traces of the Celtic language which have been found in Florida and Darien are not indicative of such impressions; most of them, from their universality, bespeak themselves to be primitive; and who can assure us that some may not have reached them before the twelfth century, through "Walsh or strangers," "a race mightier than they and wiser," by whom they may have been instructed in the arts which have excited so much astonishment?

The glass beads, erroneously called Druid's beads, furnish Catlin with another proof of affiliation, which, however, is invalidated by the well-ascertained facts of glass-manufactories having, in remotest antiquity, existed in Egypt, and of glass beads having been dispersed by the Phoenicians among the nations which they visited. (See Tassie's Gems, introd.—Here, by the by, are mentioned celebrated emeralds, which have turned out to be only lumps of green glass!)

Lhuyd relates that the cross was honoured in N. America before the arrival of the Spaniards, and Sir R. Manley (Turk. Spy, vol. viii.) states that they found crucifixes also. Unfortunately for this hypothesis, it has been shown, by G. Becanus (Hierogl., see Index), Olaus Wormius (De Danicis Monumentis, see Index), M. Ficinus (De Vita coelitus Propaganda, l. iii. c. 18.), and Kircherus (Prodromus Coptus, p. 163.), that in various countries the cross was, before the Christian era, an object of veneration, and symbolled the genius of their religion. In the event of crucifixes having been found (for which, however, Sir R. Manley supplies no authority) we need not be surprised that the Christian topography was so far extended, since the Christianity of China, between the seventh and the thirteenth century, has been invincibly proved; and simultaneously, perhaps, the aborigines of America received the symbol, Ερωσ μου εσταυρωται, which is peculiar to the Christian religion.

In conclusion, permit me to cite Southey versus Catlin:—"That country," says the author of Madoc "has now been fully explored; and wherever Madoc may have settled, it is now certain that no Welsh Indians are to be found upon any branches of the Missouri" (Preface, note written in 1815).

Since I wrote the above, I have met with a work, by Mr. George Jones, entitled The History of Ancient America anterior to the Time of Columbus, vol. i.: "The Tyrian Æra." In the second, not yet published, he promises to give "The Introduction of Christianity into the Western Hemisphere by the Apostle St. Thomas."

T.I.

Mistake in Gibbon.—Those of your readers, who are, like myself, occasional verifiers of references, will perhaps thank me for pointing out a false reference, that I have just discovered in one of Gibbon's notes:

"Capitolinus gives us the particulars of these tumultuary votes, which were moved by one senator, and repeated, or rather chanted, by the whole body."—Hist. August. p. 52.

See Gibbon's Decline and Fall, chap. 4, note under marginal lemma, "The memory of Commodus declared infamous."

These "tumultuary votes" are recorded, not by Capitolinus, but by Ælius Lampridius, in his Life of Commodus. Vide Historiæ Augustæ Scriptores. Ælii Lampridii Commodus Antoninus, capita 18, 19.

Capitolinus wrote the life of his immediate successor, Pertinax; hence perhaps the mistake, "Egregio in corpore nævus!" Let those who wish to know what passion really is, read the tiger-like yells of the Roman senate in Lampridius!

C. Forbes.

Temple, Feb. 27.

Jew's Harp.—The late Mr. Douce always maintained that the proper name of this instrument was the Jaw's Harp, and that the Jews had no special concern with either its invention or its use.

J.H.M.

Havior.—The word "havior" is probably of a hybrid character; partly of Anglo-Saxo, and partly of British origin. If so, the first syllable is obvious enough, "half" being generally pronounced as if the liquid were considered an evanescent quantity, "ha'f, heif, hav'," &c., and "iwrch" is the British word for a roe-buck. Dropping the guttural termination, therefore, and writing "ior" instead of "iwrch," we have the significant designation of the animal described by Lord Braybrooke, whose flesh, like that of the capon, may afford a convenient variety among the delicacies of the season, if well cooked according to the recondite mysteries of the gastronomic art.

Hypomagirus.

Trinity College, Oxford, Feb 14.

N.B. "Heifer" has already been explained as "heif-ker, half-cre," A.-S., "anner," Br.

Haviour, Haver, Hyfr (No. 15. p. 230, and No. 17. p. 269.).—If I may throw out a question where I cannot give an explanation, I would ask, are we not approaching very near to the word "heifer" (from the Saxon) in these, but especially in the last of the above terms? They seem to me to be identical. The introduction of the sound of y between the sounds of v and ur, is not uncommon in the vernacular or corrupted pronunciation of many words; nay, it is sanctioned by general usage, in "behaviour" from "behave," "Saviour" from "save," &c. If the words are identical, still the history of the appropriation of the one to male animals of the class described, and of the other to females, must be curious and worth investigating. May not the aver and averium, like irreplegibilia and other barbarous law terms, be framed (rather than derived) from one of our English terms, as well as from the French avoir?

G.W.

America known to the Ancients.—I have a note of the following references, as illustrating the passage quoted by "C." (No. 7. p. 107.), and countenancing the idea that the existence of America was at least suspected by the ancients. As I have not had an opportunity of consulting the authorities myself, I cannot tell how far they may affect the point in question; and I fear the references are not as accurate as might be wished, but I shall be truly glad if they prove at all useful:—Diodorus Siculus, Bibl. lib. iv. pp. 299, 300 edit. Rhodoman; Apuleius, De Mund. Oper. vol. ii. p. 122.; Avitus in Senec. Suasor.; Horn, De Origin. Americ. lib. i. c. 10. p. 57.

G. William Skyring.

Error in Meyrick's Ancient Armour (No. 17. p. 266.).—In the second edition of Meyrick's Armour, the error pointed out by Mr. Hudson Turner has not been corrected. The passage is, "Item a gamboised coat with a rough surface of gold embroidered on the nap of the cloth;" and with the note, "Like a thicket."

F.C.B.

Nomade.—The last Indian mails brought me the following derivation of the word Nomade, in a letter from a friend, who was, when he wrote, leading a nomade life among the Ryots of Guzerat:—

"Camp, Kulpore, Jan. 30. 1850.

"The natives use [for their tents] a sort of woollen stuff, about half an inch thick, called 'numbda.' * * * * * * By the bye, this word 'numbda' is said to be the origin of the word nomade, because the nomade tribes used the same material for their tents. When I was at school, I used to learn nomde, from νεμω."

Melanion.

NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.

A view of the Exhibition of the Works of Ancient and Mediæval Art has convinced us that fame had done no more than justice to its merits and interest. We dare not attempt to enumerate one tithe of the gems in Glass, Enamel, Metalwork, Carving in Wood and Ivory, Porcelain, &c., now gathered together in the Adelphi to justify the enthusiasm of the antiquary, and to show, in the words of Marlowe,

and how small, after all, is our boasted advance. We must therefore be content with recommending our readers to visit, again and again, this matchless collection. Mr. Hailstone, the originator of the exhibition, must be highly gratified at the manner in which, thanks to the liberality of the owners, and the zeal and good taste of the committee, his idea has been carried out. If, too, at this time, when there is so much unemployed labour among us, this exhibition should have the effect of creating a demand for articles which can be produced by the hand and mind of a skilful workman only, and not by machinery, however costly and elaborate, an enormous benefit, beyond that originally contemplated, must result from the exhibition—namely, that of supplying fresh fields for the labour and ingenuity of our workmen.

It is with great satisfaction that we are enabled to announce that there is at length a prospect of our seeing the monument which Nicholas Brigham erected, in Poet's Corner, to the memory of Geoffrey Chaucer properly restored. Arrangements are making for collecting subscriptions for that purpose, to be limited to five shillings each, that more may have the pleasure of assisting in the good work. We hope to give further particulars of this right and necessary step in the course of a week or two.

We have received John Petheram's (94. High Holborn) Catalogue of Old and New Books, No. 109., being No. 3. for 1850;—from Thomas Cole (15. Great Turnstile, Holborn) his Catalogue of Cheap Books, No. 25.; and from John Russell Smith, (4. Old Compton Street, Soho) Part 2. for 1850 of his Catalogue of Choice, Useful, and Curious Books. We have also received from Messrs. Puttick and Simpson, of 191. Piccadilly, a Catalogue of a Six-Days' Sale of Miscellaneous Books, chiefly Theological and Classical, but comprising also much General Literature, which commences this day (Saturday).

BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES

WANTED TO PURCHASE

(In continuation of Lists in former Nos.)

Caussinus, Nicolas, De Symbolica Ægyptiorum Sapentia. Caussinus, Polyhistor Symbolicus.

Odd Volume and Plate.

Hutchins' Dorset, 2nd Edition, 1803, Vol. II. Horsley's Britannia Romana, The Map which faces page 1.

***Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, carriage free, to be sent to Mr. Bell, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186 Fleet Street.

NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.

DISS.—The sanction of the authorities was first duly obtained in the matter to which our correspondent refers.

A.G.'s hint will not be lost sight of.

The present Number will, we trust, furnish a satisfactory reply to our correspondent at Godalming.

Notes and Queries may be procured of any Bookseller or Newsman if previously ordered. Gentlemen residing in the country, who may find a difficulty in procuring it through any bookseller in the neighbourhood, may be supplied regularly with the stamped edition, by giving their orders direct to the publisher, Mr. George Bell, 186. Fleet Street, accompanied by a Post Office order, for a quarter (4s. 4d.); a half year (8s. 8d.); or one year (17s. 4d.)

Notes and Queries may also be procured in Monthly Parts at the end of each month, Part I. price 1s., Part II., price 1s. 3d., have been reprinted, and may now be had, together with Parts III, price 1s., and Part IV., price 1s. Part V., price 1s., will be ready next week.

Post 8vo. Cloth, 10s. 6d.

THE HISTORY OF JUNIUS AND HIS WORKS, and a Review of the Controversy respecting Junius, with an Appendix, containing Portraits and Sketches, by Junius, selected from the Letters. By John Jaques.

"This is a very able book; well arranged in its plan, and complete in its matter. To those who are interested in the controversy, or even to any readers of Junius who wish for further information than the common editions furnish, we strongly recommend this volume. They will find it full, without being overcharged; and it possesses an advantage even over Woodfall's edicition, in only containing what is essential to the point, besides exhibiting much which does not appear in that elaborate publication. The 'History of Junius and his Works' is an essential companion to the 'Letters of Junius.'"—Spectator, March 4, 1843.

London: George Bell, 186. Fleet Street.

In One Volume, square crown 8vo. price 18s. cloth.

SOUTHEY'S COMMONPLACE-BOOK.

Edited by Mr. Southey's Son-in-Law, the Rev. John Wood Warter, B.D. Second Series, being SPECIAL COLLECTIONS, and forming a Volume complete in itself.

"This volume [SPECIAL COLLECTIONS] is a monument of industry such as few could pile, and affords striking evidence of the indomitable perseverance and varied learning of Southey.... The oftener we dip into these massive pages, the profounder grows our surprise that such a mass of information could have been thrown together by one man.... It is just the book to dive into for the spare half hour, assured of finding amusement and information in every page.... The index is so ample and well arranged, that any particular paragraph may be turned to without difficulty. Altogether it is a massive and elegant volume, got up without regard to expense, and as well adapted for the shelves of the mechanic's library, as for the study-table of the literary man."—Eclectic Review.

Also a New Edition, in One Volume, price 18s.

SOUTHEY'S COMMONPLACE-BOOK, First Series; containing CHOICE PASSAGES, with "Collections for the History of English Manners and Literature," and forming a Volume complete in itself.

London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans.

In the Press and will be published immediately, in 1 vol. 8vo. Illustrated with a Map of the town in 1763, and Engravings by Basire, Le Keux, Hunter, and Childs, from Drawings by the late Richard Stileman, Esq., Buck, Blore, Hooper, S. Prout, T. Ross, Stephens, and A.D. Gough, and Woodcuts of Arms and Seals. Price, to subscribers, 5s.

A HISTORY OF THE TOWN OF WINCHELSEA.

(Ancient and Modern,) in the County of Sussex, by William Durrant Cooper, F.S.A.

Subscribers' names will be received by the Publishers, John Russell Smith, 4. Old Compton Street, Soho, London; and Henry Osborne, 55. George Street, Hastings.

Early Antiquities of England Illustrated.

THE PRIMÆVAL ANTIQUITIES OF DENMARK.

By J.J.A. Worsaae, M.R.S.A., of Copenhagen. Translated and applied to the Illustration of similar Remains in England, by William J. Thoms, Esq., F.S.A., Secretary of the Camden Society. Illustrated with numerous Woodcuts. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

"This is the best antiquarian handbook we have ever met with—so clear is its arrangement, and so well and so plainly is each subject illustrated by well-executed engravings, that confusion for the future is impossible upon a variety of points on which the most grievous mistakes have hitherto been made by anxious and zealous antiquarians. * * * It is the joint production of two men who have already distinguished themselves as authors and antiquarians. It is a book of which it may be said, that in every sentence is to be found an interesting fact, and that every page teems with instructions, and may be regarded as a sure guide to all antiquarians in their future archæological inquiries."—Morning Herald.

See also Gentleman's Magazine for February, 1850.

John Henry Parker, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London.

ENGLISH HISTORICAL PORTRAITS.

THIS SERIES OF PORTRAITS, ILLUSTRATIVE OF ENGLISH HISTORY, is engraved from highly-finished Drawings of ORIGINAL PICTURES, existing in various Galleries and Family Collections throughout the country, made with scrupulous accuracy by Mr. G.P. Harding; the greater portion never having been previously engraved.

M.M. HOLLOWAY, having purchased the whole of the impressions and plates, now offers the Sets in a Folio Volume, bound in cloth, and including Biographical Letter-press to each subject, at the greatly reduced price of £2 12s. 6d., and £4 4s. 0d. for Proofs before Letters, of which but 18 copies remain.

The Collection consists of the following Portraits:

KING HENRY VIII. and the EMPEROR CHARLES V., from the Original, formerly in the Strawberry Hill Gallery.

QUEEN KATHARINE OF ARRAGON, from a Miniature by Holbein, in the possession of the Duke of Buccleugh.

SIR ANTHONY BROWNE, K.G., from the Original in the possession of Thomas Baylis, Esq., F.S.A.

ANTHONY BROWNE, VISCOUNT MONTAGUE, K.G., from the Collection of the Marquess of Exeter.

EDWARD VERE, EARL OF OXFORD, from the Original Picture in the Collection of the Duke of Portland.

SIR WILLIAM RUSSELL, BARON THORNHAUGH, LORD DEPUTY OF IRELAND, from the Original Picture in the Collection of the Duke of Bedford.

WILLIAM CAMDEN, CLARENCEUX KING OF ARMS, from the Picture in the possession of the Earl of Clarendon.

SIR ANTHONY SHIRLEY, AMBASSADOR FROM THE COURT OF PERSIA TO JAMES I., from the Original Miniature by Peter Oliver.

HENRY CAREY, LORD FALKLAND, LORD DEPUTY OF IRELAND, from the Original by Vansomer, formerly in the Strawberry Hill Collection.

SIR ROBERT DUDLEY, SON OF THE EARL OF LEICESTER, from an Original Miniature by N. Hilliard, in the possession of Lord De l'Isle and Dudley.

THE RIGHT HON. WILLIAM LENTHALL, SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, from a Miniature by J. Cooper, in the possession of R.S. Holford, Esq.

MARGARET CAVENDISH, DUCHESS OF NEWCASTLE, from the Original Picture in the Collection of F. Vernon Wentworth, Esq.

SIR THOMAS BROWNE, M.D., of NORWICH, from an Original Picture in the College of Physicians, London.

SIR CHARLES SCARBOROUGH, M.D., PHYSICIAN TO CHARLES II., JAMES II., and WILLIAM III., from the Original Picture in the Barber-Surgeons' Hall.

FLORA MACDONALD, from the Original by A. Ramsay, 1749, in the Picture Gallery, Oxford.

M.M. Holloway, 25. Bedford Street, Covent Garden.

CHRONOLOGICAL CHART of BRITISH ARCHITECTURE, with the Genealogy and Armorial Bearings of the Sovereigns of England, and parallel Tables of the most important events in British and General History; with an Explanatory Volume. By Archibald Barrington. Price, Four sheets, in wrapper, 15s. In French case, or on roller, 21s. Roller, varnished, 26s. Volume of Plain Hints, 4s. in addition.

"A most splendid and elaborate Chart or Scheme, illustrated with numerous coloured engravings, presenting a synoptical view of the subjects in the title. A glance or two at such a plan will sometimes give a truer, a larger, and certainly a more vivid idea of the subject, than many pages of reading."—British Critic.

POCKET CHART OF BRITISH ARCHITECTURE chronologically arranged, neatly printed in red and black, and containing seventy-five figures, with a Descriptive Manual. By Archibald Barrington. Price, on sheet, with Manual, 2s. In cloth, with Manual, 3s.

POCKET CHART OF FOREIGN ARCHITECTURE. Printed uniformly with the above, in red and black, with a Descriptive Manual. By Archibald Barrington. Price, on sheet, with Manual, 2s. In cloth case, with Manual, 3s.

DISPLAY of HERALDRY, presenting at one view an Epitome of the Science, with Descriptive Letter-press. By Archibald Barrington. Price, on sheet, partly coloured, 8s. In case, or on roller, ditto, 10s. 6d. On roller, varnished, 12s. 6d. Fully coloured, 4s. 6d. extra.

TABULAR DISPLAY OF BRITISH ARCHITECTURE, with a Manual for Beginners, by which the dates of our Cathedral and other Churches may be easily known. By Archibald Barrington. Price, with the Manual, on sheet, 4s. In case, 5s. On roller, 7s. 6d. On roller, varnished, 8s. 6d. The Manual, by itself, 1s.

"By the aid of this little pamphlet, and the 'Tabular Display' which it accompanies, any person previously unacquainted with architecture may learn to discriminate the various styles and dates of Gothic structures. The examples are sufficiently numerous and characteristic to embrace the peculiarities of each style, and the text referring to them supplies the requisite verbal information."—Spectator.

THE GENEALOGY and ARMORIAL BEARINGS of the SOVEREIGNS of ENGLAND, with an Explanatory Volume, entitled, "Genealogy Simplified, and applied to the Illustration of British History." By Archibald Barrington. Price of the sheet, coloured, 6s. In case, or on roller, 9s. Varnished, 11s. The Explanatory Volume of Genealogy Simplified, 3s. in addition.

"A very clear explanation of the origin and meaning of the various heraldic devices of British Monarchs, and exhibiting the lineal descent of Queen Victoria from the Saxon Egbert. The Chart is set forth in bold characters, and not encumbered with superfluous details. The source of each line of monarchs and the events that led to the interruption of the succession are explained with such simplicity as to be perfectly intelligible to the youngest readers."—Spectator.

London: George Bell, 186. Fleet Street.

Printed by Thomas Clark Shaw, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and published by George Bell, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, March 23. 1850.