Part 2 — LATIN ROOTS AND ENGLISH DERIVATIVES. (continued 2)

157. PA'TI: pa'tior, pas'sus, to bear, to suffer.

pati: pa'tient; pa'tience; impa'tient; compat'ible, consistent with; compat'ibility; incompat'ible.

pass: pas'sion, strong agitation of the mind; pas'sive; impas'sive, insensible; compas'sion, sympathy; compas'sionate.

158. PEL'LERE; pel'lo, pul'sum, to drive.

pel (com-, dis-, ex-, im-, pro-, re-).

puls: pulse, the beating of an artery as blood is driven through it; pul'sate; pulsa'tion; compul'sion; compul'sory; expul'sion; propul'sion; repulse'; repul'sive.

159. PENDE'RE; pen'deo, pen'sum, to hang.

pend: pen'dant, a long, narrow flag; pend'ing, not decided, during; append'; append'age; depend' (-ant, -ent, -ence); independ'ent; independ'ence; suspend'.

pens: pen'sile, hanging; suspense'(-ion).

Pen'dulous (Lat. adj. pen'dulus, hanging); pen'dulum (Lat. adj. pen'dulus); appen'dix (Lat. n. appen'dix, an addition).

160. PEN'DERE: pen'do, pen'sum, to weigh, to pay.

pend: com'pend (contraction of compendium); compen'dium (Lat. n. compen'dium, that which is weighed, saved, shortened); compen'dious (Lat. adj. compendio'sus, brief, succinct); expend'; expen'diture; sti'pend (Lat. n. stipen'dium, literally, the pay of soldiers); stipendiary.

pens: pen'sive, thoughtful; pen'sion, an allowance for past services (-eer); com'pensate (-ion); dispense', to deal out (-ary); dispensa'tion; indispen'sable; expense' (-ive); rec'ompense.

PES. (See page 47.)

161. PET'ERE: pe'to, peti'tum, to attack, to seek.

pet: centrip'etal (Lat. n. cen'trum, center); compete'; com'petent, fit, suitable; com'petence, sufficiency; incom'petent.

petit: peti'tion, a request (-er); compet'itor; compet'itive; repeti'tion.

Pet'ulant (Fr. adj. petulant, fretful); ap'petite (Fr. n. appétit), a seeking for hunger; impet'uous (Lat. adj. impetuo'sus, vehement); impetuos'ity; im'petus (Lat. n. im'petus, a shock); repeat' (Fr. v. répéter = Lat. repet'ere).

EXERCISE

Numerous objections were submitted against the innovations about to be introduced. The obnoxious articles have been removed. The nominee by his ludicrous speech neutralized all that his friends did for him. Part of the apparatus prepared for the occasion was damaged in transmission. The patronage of the nobility and gentry connected with the neighborhood was asked. Many parts of the edifice are highly ornate. Christ had compassion on the multitude, for they had been a long time without food. The petitioner's application for a pension was not repeated. How can an acid be neutralized? The renegade was brought to ignominy. The prince was travelling incognito. The young lady seems pensive rather than petulant. Here is a new edition of the novel, with annotations by the author. The opera seems to be well patronized this winter. Webster had a compendious mode of stating great truths. What is meant by centripetal motion? What is the difference between the numerator and the denominator?

162. PLEC'TERE: plec'to, plex'um, to twist; PLICA'RE: pli'co, plica'tum, and plic'itum, to fold.

plex: com'plex (literally, twisted together); complex'ion; complex'ity; perplex' (literally, to twist thoroughly—per: hence, to puzzle or embarrass); perplex'ity.

plic: ap'plicable (-ity); ap'plicant; ex'plicable.

plicat: applica'tion; com'plicate (-ion); du'plicate; im'plicate (-ion); replica'tion, an answer in law; sup'plicate, to entreat earnestly; supplica'tion.

plicit: explic'it (literally, out-folded; hence, distinctly stated); implic'it, implied.

Ply (Fr. v. plier = Lat. plica're), to work diligently; pli'able, easily bent; pli'ant; pli'ancy; accom'plice, an associate in crime; apply' (Old Fr. applier = Lat. applica're); appli'ance, the thing applied; comply' (Fr. v. plier), to fold with: hence, to conform or assent; compli'ance; display' (Old Fr. v. desployer, to unfold); doub'le (Fr. adj. double = Lat. du'plex, twofold); du'plex; duplic'ity (Lat. n. duplic'itas, from du'plex, double); employ' (Fr. v. employer = Lat. implica're), to keep at work; employé; employ'er; employ'ment; exploit' (Fr. n. exploit = Lat. explic'itum, literally, something unfolded, set forth: hence, a deed, an achievement); imply', literally, to infold: hence to involve, to signify; mul'tiply (Fr. v. multiplier = Lat. mul'tus much, many); quad'ruple (Lat. qua'tuor, four); reply' (Old Fr. v. replier = Lat. replica're, to answer); sim'ple (Lat. simplex, gen. simplicis), not compounded, artless; sim'pleton (compare It. simplicione, a silly person); simplic'ity (Lat. n. simplic'itas); sim'plify; sup'ple (Fr. adj. souple = Lat. sup'plex, bending the knee, from sub and plica're); sup'pliant (literally, bending the knees under, kneeling down); treb'le (Old Fr. adj. treble = Lat. tri'plex, threefold); trip'le (Lat. tri'plex); trip'let, three lines rhyming alternately.

163. PON'ERE: po'no, pos'itum, to place.

pon: compo'nent, forming a compound; depone', to bear testimony; depo'nent; oppo'nent; postpone' (-ment).

posit: posi'tion; pos'itive; pos'itivism, a system of philosophy; pos'itivist, a believer in the positive philosophy; ap'posite, adapted to; compos'ite, compound; composi'tion; compos'itor; decomposi'tion; depos'it (-ary, -ion, -ory); deposi'tion, the giving testimony under oath; exposi'tion; expos'itor; imposi'tion; interposi'tion; juxtaposi'tion; op'posite (-ion); preposi'tion; proposi'tion; supposi'tion; suppositi'tious; transposi'tion.

Pose (Fr. v. poser = Lat. pon'ere), to bring to a stand by questions; post; post'age; post'ure (Fr. n. posture = Lat. positu'ra, position); compose' (Fr. v. composer = Lat. compon'ere); compos'ure; com'pound (Lat. v. compon'ere); com'post, a mixture, a manure; depot' (Fr. n. dépôt = Lat. depos'itum); dispose' (Fr. v. disposer); dispo'sal; expose' (Fr. v. exposer); expos'ure; impose' (Fr. v. imposer); im'post, a tax placed on imported goods; impos'tor, one guilty of fraud; impost'ure; interpose'; oppose'; propose'; prov'ost (Old Fr. provost, from Lat præpos'itus, placed before, a chief), the principal of a college; pur'pose (Old Fr. n. purpos, propos = Lat. propos'itum), an end set before one; repose' (Fr. v. reposer); suppose' (Fr. v. supposer); transpose' (Fr. v. transposer).

164. PORTA'RE: por'to, porta'tum, to carry.

port: port'able; por'ter (-age); deport'ment; export' (-ation, -er); im'port (-ance, -ant, -er); pur'port, design; report' (-er); support'; insupport'able; transport' (-ation).

Portfo'lio (Lat. n. fo'lium, a leaf); portman'teau (Fr. n. manteau, a cloak); importune' (Lat. adj. importu'nus, unseasonable); import'unate; importu'nity; op'portune (Lat. adj. opportu'nus, literally, at or before the port or harbor: hence, seasonable); opportu'nity; inop'portune.

165. POS'SE, to be able; Po'tens, poten'tis, powerful, mighty.

posse: pos'sible (Lat. adj. possib'ilis); possibil'ity; impos'sible.

potent: po'tent; po'tency; po'tentate; poten'tial; im'potent; omnip'otent (Lat. adj. om'nis, all); plenipoten'tiary (Lat. adj. ple'nus, full).

166. PREHEN'DERE: prohen'do, prehen'sum, to lay hold of, to seize.

prehend: apprehend'; comprehend'; reprehend'.

prehens: prehen'sile; apprehen'sion; apprehen'sive; comprehen'sible; comprehen'sion; comprehen'sive; reprehen'sible.

Appren'tice (Old Fr. n. apprentis, from v. apprendre, to learn); apprise' (Fr. v. apprendre, part. appris, to inform); comprise' (Fr. v. comprendre, compris), to include; en'terprise (Fr. n. entrepise, something undertaken); impreg'nable (Fr. adj. imprenable, not to be taken); pris'on (Fr. n. prison); prize (Fr. n. prise, something taken, from prendre, pris, to take); reprieve' (Old Fr. v. repreuver, to condemn), to grant a respite; repri'sal; surprise'.

167. PREM'ERE: pre'mo, pres'sum, to press.

press: press (-ure); compress' (-ible); depress' (-ion); express' (-ion, -ive); impress' (-ion, -ive, -ment); irrepres'sible; oppress' ('-ion, -ive, -or); repress' (-ion, -ive); suppress' (-ion).

Print (abbreviated from imprint, from Old Fr. v. preindre = Lat. prem'ere); im'print, the name of the publisher and the title page of a book; imprima'tur (Lat. let it be printed), originally, a license to print a book, the imprint of a publisher.

168. PRI'MUS, first; Prin'ceps, prin'cipis, chief, original.

prim: prime; pri'mate, the highest dignitary of a church; pri'macy; prim'ary; primer; prime'val (Lat. n. æ'vum, an age); prim'itive; primogen'itor (Lat. n. gen'itor, a begetter); primogeniture (Lat. n. genitu'ra, a begetting), the exclusive right of inheritance which in English law belongs to the eldest son or daughter; primor'dial (Lat. v. ordi'ri, to begin), existing from the beginning; prim'rose (Lat. n. ro'sa); prin'cess; prince (Fr. n. prince = Lat. prin'ceps); prin'cipal; prin'ciple.

Pre'mier (Fr. adj. premier, first), the prime minister; pri'or (Lat. adj. prior, former); pri'oress, the female superior of a convent; pri'ory, a convent; prior'ity, state of being first; pris'tine (Lat. adj. pristi'nus, primitive), original, ancient.

169. PROBA'RE: pro'bo, proba'tum, to try, to prove.

prob: prob'able, likely, credible; probabil'ity; improb'able; pro'bate, the proof of a will; proba'tion, the act of trying; proba'tioner; proba'tionary; probe, to try by an instrument; prob'ity, tried integrity; approba'tion, commendation; rep'robate (adj. literally, proved against), base, condemned.

Prove (Old Fr. prover, New Fr. prouver = Lat. proba're); proof (Old Fr. n. prove = Lat. pro'ba, proof); approve' (Fr. v. approuver = Lat. approba're); approv'al; disapprove'; improve', (-ment); reprove'; reproof'.

170. PUN'GERE: pun'go, punc'tum, to prick; Punc'tum, a point.

pung: pun'gent; pun'gency; expunge', to mark out.

punct: punctil'io (Sp. punctillo, from Lat. punc'tum, a point), a nice point of exactness in conduct, etc.; punctil'ious; punct'ual (-ity); punct'uate (-ion); punct'ure; compunc'tion, remorse.

Punch (abbreviated from puncheon, from Lat. n. punc'tio, a pricking), an instrument for cutting holes; point (Fr. n. pointe = Lat. punc'tum); poign'ant (Fr. part. poignant, stinging); pon'iard (Fr. n. poignard), a small dagger.

171. PUTA'RE: pu'to, puta'tum, to think, to prune, to count or reckon.

put: compute' (-able, -ation); depute' (Lat. v. deputa're, to allot), to empower to act; dep'uty; dispute' (-ant); indis'putable; impute' (literally, to reckon in), to charge; repute'; disrepute' (-able).

putat: pu'tative, supposed; am'putate, to cut off the limb from an animal; deputa'tion; imputa'tion; reputa'tion.

Count (Fr. v. compter = Lat. computa're); account'; discount'; recount'.

172. RAP'ERE: ra'pio, rap'tum, to seize suddenly, to snatch or hurry away.

rap: rapa'cious (Lat. adj. ra'pax, rapa'cis, greedy); rapac'ity; rap'id (Lat. adj. rap'idus, swift); rapid'ity; rap'ids; rap'ine (Lat. n. rapi'na, robbery).

rapt: rapt, transported; rapt'ure (-ous); enrapt'ure; surrepti'tious (Lat. v. surrip'ere, surrep'tum, to take away secretly), done by stealth.

Rav'age (Fr. v. ravager = to lay waste); rav'ish (Fr. v. ravir = Lat. rap'ere).

173. REG'ERE: re'go, rec'tum, to rule; Rec'tus, straight.

reg: re'gent; re'gency; reg'imen (Lat. n. reg'imen, that by which one guides or governs anything); reg'iment (Lat. n. regimen'tum); re'gion (Lat. re'gio, regio'nis, a region); cor'rigible (Lat. v. corrig'ere = con + reg'ere); incor'rigible.

rect: rec'tify; rec'titude; rec'tor (-ory); correct' (Lat. v. corrig'ere = con + reg'ere), to remove faults; direct' (-ion, -or, -ory); erect'; insurrec'tion; resurrec'tion.

Re'gal (Lat. n. rex, re'gis, a king); rega'lia; reg'icide (Lat. v. cæd'ere, to kill); reg'ular (Lat. n. reg'ula, a rule); reg'ulate; realm (Old Fr. realme, from Lat. adj. rega'lis, royal); reign (Fr. n. règne = Lat. reg'num); corrigen'da (sing. corrigen'dum), things to be corrected; dress (Fr. v. dresser = Lat dirig'ere); address' (Fr. v. adresser, to direct); redress' (Fr. v. redresser = Lat. re + dirig'ere), to rectify, to repair; source (Fr. n. source, from Lat. sur'gere, to spring up); surge; insur'gent (Lat. v. insur'gere).

174. RI'VUS, a river.

riv: ri'val (Lat. n. riva'lis, one who used a brook in common with another); ri'valry; outri'val; riv'ulet (Lat. n. riv'ulus, diminutive of ri'vus); derive' (literally, to receive as from a source); deriva'tion; deriv'ative.

175. ROGA'RE: ro'go, roga'tum, to ask.

rog: ar'rogant, proud, overbearing; ar'rogance; prorogue' (Fr. v. proroger = Lat. proroga're).

rogat: ab'rogate; to repeal; ar'rogate, to assume; arroga'tion; derog'atory, detracting; inter'rogate (-ion, -ive, -ory); prerog'ative (literally, that is asked before others for an opinion: hence, preference), exclusive or peculiar right or privilege; proroga'tion, prolonga'tion; superer'ogate (Lat. super + eroga're, to spend or pay out over and above), to do more than is necessary; supereroga'tion.

176. RUM'PERE: rum'po, rup'tum, to break.

rupt: rupt'ure, to part violently; abrupt' (-ly, -ness); bank'rupt (It. n. banco, a merchant's place of business); bank'ruptcy; corrupt' (-ible, -ion); disrup'tion; erup'tion; interrupt' (-ion); irrup'tion; irrup'tive.

177. SA'CER, sa'cri, holy.

sacr: sac'rament (Lat. n. sacramen'tum, an oath, a sacred thing); sa'cred (orignally, past p. of Old Eng. v. sacre, to consecrate); sac'rifice (Lat. v. fac'ere, to make); sac'rilege (literally, that steals—properly gathers, picks up, leg'ere—sacred things); sac'ristan (Low Lat. sacrista'nus), a church officer.

secr: (in comp.) con'secrate (-ion); des'ecrate (-ion); ex'ecrate (-ion); ex'ecrable; sacerdo'tal (Lat. n. sacer'dos, sacerdo'tis, priest), pertaining to the priesthood.

178. SA'LUS, salu'tis, health; Sal'vus, safe.

salut: sal'utary, promoting health; salu'tatory, giving salutation; salute' (-ion).

salv: sal'vage, reward for saving goods; sal'vo, a volley; salva'tion.

Safe (through Old Fr. salf or sauf); safe'ty; save; sav'ior salu'brious (Lat. adj. salu'bris, health-giving); salu'brity.

179. SCAN'DERE: scan'do (in comp. scen'do), scan'dum (in comp. scen'sum), to climb.

scend: ascend' (-ant, -ency); descend' (-ant); condescend' (-ing); transcend' (-ent); transcendental.

scens: ascen'sion; ascent'; condescen'sion.

180. SCRIB'ERE: scri'bo, scrip'tum, to write.

scrib: ascribe', to impute to; circumscribe', to draw a line around, to limit; describe'; inscribe'; prescribe', to order or appoint; pro-scribe' (literally, to write forth), to interdict; subscribe'; superscribe'; transcribe'.

script: script, type in imitation of handwriting; script'ure; ascrip'tion; con'script, one taken by lot and enrolled for military service; conscrip'tion; descrip'tion; inscrip'tion; man'uscript (see manus); post'script; prescrip'tion; proscription; subscription; superscrip'tion; tran'script.

Scribe (Fr. n. scribe); scrib'ble; escritoire'.

181. SECA'RE: se'co, sec'tum, to cut.

sec: se'cant (Lat. pres. p. se'cans, secan'tis), a line that cuts another.

sect: sect (literally, a body of persons separated from others by peculiar doctrines); secta'rian (-ism); sec'tion (-al); bisect' (Lat. bis, two); dissect' (-ion); in'sect (literally, an animal whose body is apparently cut in the middle); insectiv'orous (Lat. v. vora're, to feed); intersect' (-ion); venesec'tion (Lat. n. vena, a vein).

Seg'ment (Lat. n. segmen'tum), a part cut off.

182. SEDE'RE: se'deo (in comp. se'do), ses'sum, to sit.

sed: sed'entary (Lat. adj. sedenta'rius, accustomed to sit); sed'iment (Lat. n. sedimen'tum, a settling or sinking down); sedimen'tary; sed'ulous (Lat. adj. sed'ulus, sitting close to an employment); supersede'.

sid: assid'uous; assidu'ity; insid'ious (literally, sitting in wait against); preside' (literally, to sit before or over); pres'ident; presidence; reside' (-ence); res'idue; resid'uary; subside'; subsidiary.

sess: ses'sion (-al); assess' (literally, to sit by or near a person or thing); assess'ment; assess'or; possess' (Lat. v. possid'ere, posses'sum, to sit upon: hence, to occupy in person, to have or hold); posses'sion; possess'or; posses'sive; prepossess', to take possession of beforehand, to prejudice.

183. SENTI'RE: sen'tio, sen'sum, to feel, to think.

sent: scent (Old English sent), odor; sen'tence (Lat. n. senten'tia); senten'tious (Lat. adj. sententio'sus, full of thought); sentiment (Fr. n. sentiment); sentimen'tal; assent', to agree to; consent' (literally, to think or feel together), to acquiesce, to permit; dissent' (-er); dissen'tient; presen'timent; resent' (literally, to feel back), to take ill; resent'ment.

sens: sense (-less, -ation, -ible, -itive); insen'sate; non'sense; sen'sual (Lat. adj. sensua'lis); sen'sualist; sen'suous.

184. SE'QUI: se'quor, secu'tus, to follow.

sequ: se'quence, order of succession; consequent; con'sequence; consequential; ob'sequies, formal rites; obse'quious (literally, following in the way of another), meanly condescending; sub'sequent (-ly).

secut: consec'utive; persecute (-ion, -or); pros'ecute (-ion).

Se'quel (Lat. n. seque'la, that which follows); sue (Old Fr. v. suire, New Fr. suivre = se'qui), to follow at law; suit; suit'able; suit'or; suite (Fr. n. suite), a train or set; ensue' (Fr. v. ensuivre, to follow, to result from); pursue' (Fr. v. poursuivre, to follow hard, to chase); pursu'ance; pursu'ant; pursuit'; pur'suivant, a state messenger; ex'ecute (Fr. v. executer = Lat. ex'sequi); execu'tion; exec'utor; exec'utrix.

185. SERVA'RE: ser'vo, serva'tum, to save, to keep, to bind.

serv: conserve'; observe' (-able, -ance); preserve' (-er); reserve'; unreserved'.

servat: conserv'ative; conserv'atory; observ'ation; observ'atory; preserva'tion; preserv'ative; reserva'tion.

Res'ervoir (Fr. n. réservoir = Lat. reservato'rium, a place where anything is kept in store).

EXERCISE.

The puzzle is complicated and displays much ingenuity on the part of the inventor. A reply may be explicit without showing duplicity. It was urged that the election of delegates be postponed. The portmanteau containing important papers was left at the merchant's office. An impostor is sure to show opposition to the course of justice. Coleridge holds that it is possible to apprehend a truth without comprehending it. The bankrupt was so arrogant that his creditors were not disposed to be lenient with him. Most of the questions proposed by the rector were answered in the negative. What is the origin of the word derivation? The region is described as healthful. The manuscript was transcribed and subscribed by the author. It is salutary to be rivals in all worthy ambitions.

186. SIG'NUM, a sign.

sign: sign; sig'nal (-ize); sig'net; sig'nify; signif'icant; signif'icance; significa'tion; assign' (Lat. v. assigna're, to designate); assignee'; consign' (Lat. v. consigna're, to seal) to intrust to another; consign'ment; coun'tersign, to sign what has already been signed by another; design', to plan; design'er; des'ignate, to name, to point out; designa'tion; en'sign, the officer who carries the flag of a regiment; insig'nia, badges of office; resign' (-ation); sig'nature (Lat. n. signatu'ra, a sign or stamp).

187. SIM'ILIS, like.

simil: sim'ilar (-ity); sim'i-le, a formal likening or comparison; simil'itude; verisimil'itude (Lat. adj. ve'rus, true); dissim'ilar; assim'ilate; fac-sim'ile (Lat. v. fac'ere, to make), an exact copy; sim'ulate (Lat. v. simula're, simula'tum, to make like).

Dissimula'tion (Lat. v. dissimula're, dissimula'tum, to feign); dissem'ble (Fr. v. dissembler = Lat. dissimula're); resem'ble (Fr. v. ressembler).

188. SIS'TERE: sisto, sta'tum, to cause to stand, to stand.

sist: assist' (-ance, -ant); consist' (-ent, -ency); desist'; exist' (for ex-sist), to stand out: hence, to be, to live; exist'ence; co-exist'; pre-exist'; insist', to stand upon, to urge firmly; persist' (-ent, -ence); resist' (-ance, -ible); subsist (-ence).

189. SOL'VERE: sol'vo, solu'tum, to loosen.

solv: solve (-able, -ent, -ency); absolve'; dissolve'; resolve'.

solut: solu'tion; ab'solute (-ion); dis'solute (-ion); res'olute (-ion).

Sol'uble (Lat. adj. solu'bilis); solubil'ity.

190. SPEC'ERE or SPIC'ERE: Spe'cio or spi'cio, spec'tum, to behold; Spe'cies, a kind.

spic: aus'pices (literally, omens drawn from the inspection of birds); auspi'cious; conspic'uous (Lat. adj. conspic'uus, wholly visible); conspicu'ity; des'picable (Lat. despicab'ilis, deserving to be despised); perspic'uous (Lat. adj. perspic'uus, that may be seen through); perspicu'ity; suspi'cion; suspi'cious.

spect: as'pect; cir'cumspect (-ion); expect' (-ant, -ation); inspect' (-ion, -or); perspec'tive; pros'pect (-ive); prospec'tus (Lat. n. prospec'tus, a view forward); respect' (literally, to look again: hence, to esteem or regard); respect'able; respect'ful; re'tro-spect (-ive); suspect'.

species: spe'cies; spe'cial (-ist, -ity, -ize); spe'cie; spec'ify (-ic, -ication); spe'cious, showy.

Spec'imen (Lat. n. spec'imen, a sample); spec'tacle (Lat. n. spectac'ulum, anything presented to view); specta'tor (Lat. n. specta'tor, a beholder); spec'ter (Lat. n. spec'trum, an image); spec'tral; spec'trum (pl. spec'tra), an image; spec'troscope (Gr. v. skopein, to view), an instrument for analysing light; spec'ulate (Lat. n. spec'ula, a lookout), to contemplate, to traffic for great profit; specula'tion; spec'ulative.

191. SPIRA'RE: spi'ro, spira'tum, to breathe; Spir'itus, breath, spirit.

spir: spir'acle, a breathing pore; aspire' (-ant); conspire' (-acy); expire'; expir'ing; inspire'; perspire'; respire'; transpire'.

spirat: aspira'tion; as'pirate; conspir'ator; inspira'tion; perspira'tion; respira'tion; respir'atory.

spiritus: spir'it; spir'itual (-ity); spir'ituous.

Sprightly (spright, a contraction of spirit); sprite (a contraction of spirit).

192. SPONDE'RE: spon'deo, spon'sum, to promise.

spond: correspond', to answer one to another; correspond'ence; correspond'ent; despond' (literally, to promise away: hence, to give up, to despond); despond'ency; respond'.

spons: spon'sor, a surety; response' (-ible, -ibility, -ive); irrespon'sible.

Spouse (Old Fr. n. espous, espouse = Lat. spon'sus, spon'sa); espouse' (Old Fr. v. espouser = Lat. sponsa're, to betroth, from spondere).

193. STA'RE: sto, sta'tum (in comp. sti'tum, to stand; pres. part. stans, stan'tis, standing); SIS'TERE: sis'to, sta'tum, to cause to stand; STATU'ERE: stat'uo, statu'tum, to station, to fix, to place.

stant: cir'cumstance (from part. circumstans', circumstan'tis, through Lat. n. circumstan'tia, Fr. circonstance), the condition of things surrounding or attending an event; circumstan'tial; circumstan'tiate; con'stant; con'stancy; dis'tant (literally, standing asunder: hence, remote, reserved); dis'tance; ex'tant; in'stant; instanta'neous; transubstan'tiate, to change to another substance.

stat: state; sta'tion (-ary, -er, -ery); state'ly; state'ment; states'man; stat'ue (-ary); stat'ure.

stit: supersti'tion (literally, a standing over, as if awe-struck); supersti'tious.

statut: stat'ute (-ory).

stitu: con'stitute (literally, to set or station together: hence, to establish, to make); constitu'tion (-al); constituent; constit'uency; des'titute (literally, put from or away: hence, forsaken, in want of); in'stitute (literally, to place into: hence, to found, to commence); restitu'tion; sub'stitute (-ion).

Sta'ble; (Lat. adj. stab'ilis, standing firmly); stab'lish; estab'lish (-ment); stay, literally, to keep standing; ar'mistice (Lat. n. ar'ma, arms), a temporary stand-still of war; arrest' (Old Fr. arrester = Lat. ad + restare, to stay back, to remain); contrast' (Lat. contra + sta're, to stand against); inter'stice; ob'stacle; ob'stinate; sol'stice (Lat. n. sol, the sun).

194. STRIN'GERE: strin'go, stric'tum, to bind; to draw tight.

string: strin'gent; astrin'gent; astrin'gency.

strict: strict (-ness, -ure); dis'trict, a defined portion of a country; restrict' (-ion).

Strain (Old Fr. straindre = Lat. strin'gere); constrain'; dis-train'; restrain'; restraint'.

195. STRU'ERE: stru'o, struc'tum, to build, to place in order.

struct: struct'ure; construct' (-ion, -ive); destruct'ible; destruc'tion; instruct' (-ion,-ive,-or); obstruct'(-ion); superstruct'ure.

Con'strue; destroy'; in'strument (Lat. n. instrumen'tum); instrumental'ity.

196. SU'MERE: su'mo, sump'tum, to take; Sump'tus, cost, expense.

sum: assume'; consume' (-er); presume'; resume'.

sumpt: sumpt'uous (Lat. adj. sumptuo'sus, expensive); sumpt'uary, relating to expense; assumption; consumption; consump'tive; presump'tion; presump'tive; presump'tuous.

197. TAN'GERE: tan'go, tac'tum, to touch.

tang: tan'gent, a straight line which touches a circle or curve; tan'gible.

tact: tact, peculiar faculty or skill; con'tact; intact'.

Attain' (Fr. v. attaindre, to reach); attain'able; conta'gion, communication of disease by contact or touch; contam'inate, to defile, to infect; contig'uous; contin'gent.

TEMPUS. (See page 48.)

198. TEN'DERE: ten'do, ten'sum or ten'tum, to stretch.

tend: tend, to aim at, take care of; tend'ency; attend' (-ance, -ant); contend'; distend'; extend'; intend' (literally, to stretch to), to purpose, to design; portend' (literally, to stretch forward), to presage, to betoken; pretend' (literally, to stretch forth), to affect, feel; subtend', to extend under; superintend' (-ence, -ent).

tens: tense (adj.), stretched; ten'sion; intense' (-ify); osten'sible (Lat. v. osten'dere, to stretch out or spread before one), apparent; pretense'.

tent: tent, literally, a shelter of stretched canvas; tentac'ula, the feelers of certain animals; atten'tion; atten'tive; conten'tion; conten'tious; extent'; intent' (-ion); ostenta'tion; ostenta'tious; por'tent, an ill omen.

199. TENE'RE: ten'eo, ten'tum, to hold; French Tenir (radical tain), to hold.

ten: ten'able; ten'ant, one who holds property under another; ten'antry; ten'ement; ten'et (Lat. tenet, literally, "he holds"), a doctrine held as true; ten'ure.

tin (in compos.): ab'stinent; ab'stinence; continent; incon'tinent; per'tinent; imper'tinent.

tent: content' (-ment); contents'; discontent'; deten'tion; reten'tion; reten'tive; sus'tenance.

tain: abstain'; appertain'; contain'; detain'; entertain' (-ment); pertain'; retain' (-er); sustain'.

Tena'cious (Lat. adj. te'nax, tena'cis, holding firmly); tenac'ity; appur'tenance, that which belongs to something else; contin'ue (Fr. v. continuer = Lat. contine're); contin'ual; contin'uance; continua'tion; continu'ity; discontin'ue; coun'tenance (literally, the contents of a body: hence, of a face); lieuten'ant (Fr. n. lieu, a place); maintain' (Fr. n. main, the hand), literally, to hold by the hand: hence, to support, to uphold; main'tenance; pertina'cious; pertinac'ity; ret'inue, a train of attendants.

200. TER'RA, the earth.

terr: ter'race (Fr. n. terrasse); terra'queous (Lat. n. a'qua, water); terres'trial; ter'ritory (-al); ter'rier, a small dog that goes into the ground after burrowing animals; Mediterra'nean (Lat. n. me'dius, middle); subterra'nean.

Inter, to put in the earth, to bury; inter'ment; disinter'.

201. TES'TIS, a witness.

test: tes'tify; attest' (-ation); contest'; detest' (-able); protest' (-ation, -ant); prot'estantism.

Tes'tament (Lat. n. testamen'tum, a will); testamen'tary; testa'tor; tes'timony (-al); intes'tate, not having left a will.

202. TOR'QUERE: tor'queo, tor'tum, to twist.

tort: tort'ure; contort' (-ion); distort' (-ion); extort' (-ion, -ionate); retort'.

Tor'tuous (Lat. adj. tortuo'sus, very twisted); tortuos'ity; torment' (Lat. n. tormen'tum, extreme pain).

203. TRA'HERE: tra'ho, trac'tum, to draw; Fr. Trair, past part. Trait.

tract: tract (-able, -ile, -ion); ab'stract (-ion); attract' (-ion, -ive); contract' (-ile, -or); detract'; distract'; extract' (-ion, -or); protract'; retract' (-ion); subtract' (-ion).

Trace (Fr. n. trace); track (Old Fr. n. trac); train; trait; treat (-ise, -ment, -y).

204. TRIBU'ERE: trib'uo, tribu'tum, to allot, to give.

tribut: trib'ute (-ary); attrib'ute; contribute (-ion); distrib'ute (-ion, -ive); retribu'tion; retrib'utive.

205. TRU'DERE: tru'do, tru'sum, to thrust.

trud: detrude', to thrust down; extrude'; intrude' (-er); obtrude'; protrude'.

trus: abstruse' (literally, thrust away: hence, difficult to be understood); intru'sion; intru'sive; obtru'sive; protru'sion.

206. TU'ERE: tu'eor, tu'itus or tu'tus, to watch.

tuit: tui'tion, instruction; intui'tion, the act or power of the mind by which it at once perceives the truth of a thing without argument; intu'itive.

tut: tu'tor; tuto'rial; tu'torage.

207. UN'DA, a wave.

und: abun'dance, literally, condition of overflowing—(abunda're, to overflow); abun'dant; superabundant; inun'date (-ion); redun'dant (literally, running back or over: hence, exceeding what is necessary); redundance; redun'dancy.

Un'dulate (Lat. n. un'dula, a little wave); undula'tion; un'dulatory; abound'; superabound'; redound' (Old Fr. v. redonder = Lat. redunda're, to roll back as a wave or flood).

208. U'TI: u'tor, u'sus, to use.

ut: uten'sil (Lat. n. uten'sile, something that may be used); util'ity (Lat. n. util'itas, usefulness); u'tilize.

us: use (-able, -age, -ful, -less); us'ual (Lat. adj. usua'lis, of frequent use); u'sury, illegal interest paid for the use of money; u'surer; abuse' (-ive); disabuse'.

209. VAD'ERE: va'do, va'sum, to go.

vad: evade'; invade'; pervade'.

vas: eva'sion; inva'sion; perva'sive.

210. VALE'RE: valeo, vali'tum, to be strong, to be of value; Val'idus, strong; Va'le, farewell.

val: valedic'tory, bidding farewell; valetudina'rian (Lat. n. valetu'do, state of health), a person in ill-health; val'iant, brave, heroic; val'or (-ous); val'ue (-able, -ation, -ator); convales'cent, regaining health; equiv'alent (Lat. adj. e'quus, equal); prev'alent, very common or general; prevalence.

vail: (Fr. radical): avail' (-able); prevail'.

valid: val'id; valid'ity; in'valid.

211. VENI'RE: ve'nio, ven'tum, to come, to go.

vent: vent'ure, literally, something gone upon; vent'uresome; ad'vent; adventi'tious, accidental, casual; advent'ure (-ous); circumvent'; contraven'tion; con'vent, a monastery, a nunnery; conven'ticle, a place of assembly; conven'tion (-al); event'(-ful); event'ual; invent' (literally, to come upon), to find out, to contrive; inven'tion; invent'ive; invent'or; interven'tion; peradvent'ure; prevent' (-ion, -ive).

Av'enue (Fr. n. avenue, an approach to); contravene'; convene'; conven'ient (Lat. pres. part, conve'niens, convenien'tis, literally, coming together), suitable; conven'ience; cov'enant an agreement between two parties; intervene'; rev'enue; supervene', to come upon, to happen.

212. VER'BUM, a word.

verb: verb (-al, -ally, -ose, -osity); ad'verb; prov'erb.

Verba'tim (Lat. adv. verba'tim, word for word); ver'biage (Fr. n. verbiage, wordiness).

213. VER'TERE: ver'to, ver'sum, to turn.

vert: advert'; inadver'tent (literally, not turning the mind to), heedless; ad'vertise, to turn public attention to; adver'tisement; animadvert' (Lat. n. an'imus, the mind), to turn the mind to, to censure; avert'; controvert', to oppose; convert', to change into another form or state; divert'; invert', literally, to turn the outside in; pervert', to turn from the true purpose; retrovert'; revert'; subvert'.

vers: adverse' (-ary, -ity); animadver'sion; anniver'sary, the yearly (Lat. n. an'nus, a year) celebration of an event; averse', having a dislike to; aver'sion; con'troversy; converse' (-ant, -ation); conver'sion; diverse' (-ify, -ion, -ity); ob'verse; perverse' (-ity); retrover'sion; reverse' (-al, -ion); subver'sion; subversive; tergiversa'tion (Lat. n. ter'gum, the back), a subterfuge; transverse', lying or being across; u'niverse (Lat. adj. u'nus, one), the system of created things; univer'sal (-ist); univer'sity, a universal school in which are taught all branches of learning.

Verse (Lat. n. ver'sus, a furrow), a line in poetry; ver'sify; versifica'tion; ver'sion, that which is turned from one language into another, a statement; ver'satile (Lat. adj. versat'ilis, turning with ease); vertex (pl. ver'tices), the summit; vertical; vertebra (pl. ver'tebræ); ver'tebrate; ver'tigo; vor'tex (Lat. n. vor'tex, a whirlpool); divorce' (Fr. n. divorce), a separation.

214. VE'RUS, true; Ve'rax, vera'cis, veracious.

ver: ver'dict (Lat. n. dic'tum, a saying), the decision of a jury; ver'ify, to prove to be true; verifica'tion; ver'ity (Lat. n. ver'itas, truth); ver'itable; verisim'ilar, truth-like; verisimil'itude; aver', to declare truer; aver'ment; ver'ily; ver'y.

verac: v'era'cious; verac'ity.

215. VI'A, a way.

via: vi'aduct (Lat. v. du'cere, duc'tum, to lead); viat'icum (Lat. n. viat'icum, literally, traveling money), the sacrament administered to a dying person; de'viate (-ion); de'vious; ob'viate, to meet in the way, to remove; ob'vious; per'vious, affording a passage through; imper'vious.

Voy'age (Fr. n. voyage); convoy', to escort; en'voy (Fr. v. envoyer, to send), one sent on a special mission; triv'ial (Lat. n. triv'ium, a cross road), trifling; trivial'ity.

216. VIDE'RE: vi'deo, vi'sum, to see.

vid: ev'ident, clearly seen; ev'idence; invid'ious, literally, looking against: hence, likely to provoke envy; provide', to look out for, to supply; prov'idence; prov'ident.

vis: vis'ible; vis'ion (-ary); advise'; advis'able, expedient; im'provise, to compose and recite without premeditation; provis'ion; revise' (-al, -ion); supervis'ion; supervis'or.

View (Fr. v. voir, to see, vu, seen); review'; in'terview; vis'age (Fr. n. visage, the countenance); vis'it (-ant, -or, -ation); vis'or, part of a helmet perforated to see through; vis'ta (It. n. vista, sight), a prospect as seen through an avenue of trees ; advice'; en'vy (Fr. n. envie = Lat. invid'ia, from invide're, to see against); in'voice (It. n. avviso, notice), a priced list of goods; peruse' (Lat. v. pervide're, pervi'sum, to look through); provi'so, a stipulation; pru'dent (Lat. adj. pru'dens from prov'idens); pru'dence; purvey', to look out for in the way of buying provisions; purvey'or; survey' (-or).

217. VIN'CERE: vin'co, vic'tum, to conquer.

vinc: vin'cible; invin'cible; convince'; evince', to show clearly

vict: vic'tor; vic'tory (-ous); convict', to prove guilty of crime; evict', to dispossess; evic'tion.

Vanquish (Fr. v. vaincre, vaincu = Lat. vin'cere); prov'ince (Fr. n. province = Lat. provin'cia, literally, a conquered country).

218. VOCA'RE: vo'co, voca'tum, to call; Vox, vo'cis, the voice.

vocat: voca'tion, literally, calling, occupation; voc'ative, the case of a noun in which the subject is called, or addressed; ad'vocate to plead for; convoca'tion, an assembly, a meeting; equivocate (Lat. adj. e'quus, equal), to use words of doubtful meaning; equivoca'tion; evoca'tion, act of calling forth; invoca'tion; provoca'tion; provo'cative; revoca'tion.

voc: vo'cable (Lat. n. vocab'ulum, that which is sounded with the voice), a word; vocab'ulary; vo'cal (-ist, -ize); vociferate, to cry with a loud voice; ad'vocacy, a pleading for, a defense; irrev'ocable.

Voice (Fr. n. voix = Lat. vox), sound uttered by the mouth; vouch, to call out, or affirm strongly; vow'el (Fr. n. vouelle, a voice-sound); advow'son, right of perpetual calling to a benefice; convoke', to call together; evoke'; invoke'; revoke'.

219. VOL'VERE: vol'vo, volu'tum, to roll.

volv: circumvolve'; convolve', to roll together; devolve'; evolve'; involve'; revolve' (-ion, -ionist).

volut: circumvolu'tion; evolu'tion; revolution (-ary, -ist, -ize).

Vol'ume (Lat. n. volu'men, a roll, or inscribed parchment sheet rolled up), a single book; volute', a kind of rolled or spiral scroll; vol'uble, literally, rolling easily: hence, having great fluency of speech; convol'vulus, a genus of twining plants; revolt'.

220. VUL'GUS, the common people.

vulg: vul'gar; vul'garism; vulgar'ity; vul'gate, a Latin version of the Scriptures.

Divulge', to make known something before kept secret; divulge'ment; promulgate (-ion).