INDEX

Aircraft, 121 Alabama, the, 109 Alexander, his conquest of Darius, 48 Allemand, his escape from Rochefort, 66, 67 Amiens, Peace of, 73 Animus pugnandi, 46, 47, 48, 49, 55, 58, 59, 61, 78 Antony, Mark, 72 Armada, the, 79, 112 Bacon, quoted, 6 Baraille, De, his part in the Dunkirk campaign, 87, 88 Barham, Lord, 18, 64; and Nelson, 66, 67; his conduct of the Trafalgar campaign, 118 Base, flying, 142; naval, 137 Battle-cruiser, its functions, 122-128 Beachy Head, Battle of, 32, 35; campaign of, 70, 78 Berlin Decrees, 100 Bettesworth, 118 Blockade, 17; a form of disputed command, 20-29; military, its methods, 23; military and commercial, 21 Bolt from the blue, 80, 89 Boscawen, at Lagos, 79 Brest, 33, 35; blockaded by Cornwallis, 30; blockaded by Hawke, 79; De Roquefeuil at, 81, 82 Bridge, Admiral Sir Cyprian, on a fleet in being, 31; on supply and communications of a fleet, 140; his estimate of Torrington, 32, 40; on Torrington's trial, 42 Brundusium, Cæsar at, 72 Cadiz, Killigrew at, 34 Cæsar, his Pharsalian campaign, 71, 72 Calais, the Armada at, 79 Calder, his action off Finisterre, 118; Barham's instructions to, 64 Camperdown, Duncan at, 126 Cape St Vincent, meeting of Nelson with Craig and Knight off, 65 Capital ships, 113 Carthagena, Spanish ships at, 66 Charles, Prince, 82 Château-Renault, 33, 35 Clausewitz, his definition of war, 4; on limited and unlimited war, 5, 22 Colomb, Admiral, on differentiation of naval force, 114; on Torrington's strategy, 40, 43, 79 Command of the sea, 6, 10, 11-19, 20, 21, 50, 52, 54, 71, 94, 98, 121, 133, 134, 135; its true meaning, 15, 135; no meaning except in war, 15, 135 Command of the sea, disputed, in general, 49-67 Commerce, maritime, extent of British, 53; in war, 93-110; its modern conditions, 101-110 Concentration of naval force, its conditions, 132 Conflans, at Brest, 79 Corbett, Mr Julian, 62, 67; on the Dunkirk campaign, 89; on commerce in war, 105; on Craig's expedition, 61, 66; on projects of invasion, 77; on the Trafalgar campaign, 118 Cornwallis, and the blockade of Brest, 18, 30 Craft, small, 57, 76 Craig, his expedition to the Mediterranean, 61-67 Cuba, its deliverance by the United States, 54 Dalny, Togo at, 26, 143 Dettingen, 80 Downs, the, Norris ordered to, 85 Duncan, at Camperdown, 126 Dungeness, Roquefeuil anchors at, 87; Norris at, 88; Norris and Roquefeuil at, 89 Dunkirk, troops collected at, 81; embargo at, 83; Saxe and Baraille at, 88 Egypt, Napoleon's descent on, 73 Elliott Islands, Togo at, 26, 143 Embargo, at Dunkirk, 83 Farragut, 7 Fleets, and base, their true relation, 138 Fleet in being, phrase first used by Torrington, 42; defined, 45, 58; a form of disputed command, 30-48 Fleets, supply of, 140 Food Supply, Royal Commission on, 99 Fortress fleet, 48, 58; Admiral Mahan on, 47, 55 Ganteaume, at Brest, 31 General chase, 125 General Staff, the, 117 Germany, Navy Law of 1900, 130 Goschen, Lord, quoted, 124 Gravelines, 79, 87 Gunfleet, the, 37, 40, 44 Hague Conference, 102 Hannay, Mr David, 100 Hannibal, his passage of the Alps, 61 Hardy, Nelson's, on big ships, 124 Hawke, 32; blockades Brest 79; at Quiberon Bay, 126 Hornby, Sir Geoffrey, on the command of the sea, 45 Invasion, 51, 68-92; dilemma of, 70 Invasion over sea, three ways of, 75 James II., 32 Justin of Nassau, and the Armada, 79 Killigrew, Vice-Admiral, 34, 37, 39, 40, 44, 78; his expedition to Cadiz, 34; his return to Plymouth, 35. Knight, Rear-Admiral, escorts Craig, 65 Lagos, Boscawen and De La Clue at, 79 Lepanto, Battle of, 112 Line of battle, the, 113 Lisbon, Craig and Knight at, 65 Lissa, Battle of, 8 Louis XIV., 33 Maddalena Bay, Nelson's base at, 143 Mahan, Admiral, on commerce at sea, 98, 99; on a fleet in being, 31, 43; on a fortress fleet, 47, 55; on Hannibal's passage of the Alps, 61; on Nelson, 48, 123; on territorial expansion, 52 Maida, Battle of, 66 Makaroff, Admiral, 47, 59 Manchuria, 59; Japanese successes in, 55 Maria Theresa, 80 Mary, Queen, her orders to Torrington, 40, 44 Mathews, his action off Toulon, 80; in the Mediterranean, 83, 84 Medina Sidonia, and the Armada, 79 Mediterranean, the, England's position in, 136, 137 Merchant vessels, conversion of into warships at sea, 101-104 Morbihan, the, troops collected in, 79 Napoleon, 30, 31; and the campaign of Trafalgar, 18, 19; his descent on Egypt, 61, 73; his ignorance of the sea, 74 Naval force, differentiation of, 111-128; distribution and supply of, 129-145 Naval strength, measure of, 129 Naval warfare, defined, 1; special characteristic of, 56; its limitations, 51; philosophy of, 145; its primary aim, 14 Nelson, 18, 32, 46, 123; his advanced squadron, 127; and Barham, 66, 67; his base at Maddalena Bay, 143; on the blockade of Toulon, 22; on Craig's expedition, 64; evaded by Napoleon, 73; evaded by Villeneuve, 63; at Trafalgar, 60; his Trafalgar Memorandum, 126; his pursuit of Villeneuve, 37, 38 Newcastle, Duke of, 83 Nile, Battle of the, 74 Norman Conquest, the, 68, 75 Norris, Sir John, 83; in the Downs, 87; leaves the Downs, 88; and Roquefeuil at Dungeness, 89; at St Helen's, 85, 86 North Sea, concentration in, 135 Orde, Sir John, raises the blockade of Cadiz, 65 Orders in Council, the British, 100 Parma, Duke of, and the Armada, 79 Peace strategy of position, 131, 132, 136 Philippines, the, acquired by the United States, 52 Pitt, 61, 62, 63, 67 Plymouth, Killigrew at, 35 Pompey, at Pharsalus, 71, 72 Port Arthur, 27; how blockaded by Togo, 26, 143; its capture by Japan, 54, 55; first Japanese attack on, 46; Russian fleet at, 47, 58 Pretender, the, 80 Privateering, 99, 101 Property, private, at sea, 95-97 Puerto Rico, acquired by the United States, 52 Quiberon Bay, Battle of, 79, 126 Rochefort, Allemand escapes from, 66, 67 Roquefeuil, De, at Brest, 81, 82; anchors at Dungeness, 87; puts to sea, 82; and Norris at Dungeness, 89; off the Start, 84, 86 Rozhdestvensky, at Tsu-Shima, 60 Sampson, Admiral, 46 Santiago, 46; its capture by the United States, 54 Saxe, Marshal, at Dunkirk, 81; with Baraille at Dunkirk, 88 Sea, its characteristics, 13 Sea power, 6, 10, 13, 52, 55 Sea transport, 14 Sebastopol, siege of, 6, 46 Shovel, Sir Cloudesley, 33, 35, 39, 40, 44, 78 Sovereignty of the Seas, 49, 50 St Helen's, Norris at, 85, 86 Start, the, De Roquefeuil off, 84, 86 Submarine, the, 24, 120, 121 Supply, of fleets, two alternative methods of, 142 Syracuse, Athenian expedition to, 61 Talavera, Battle of, 73 Teignmouth, French raid on, 42 Telegraphy, wireless, 26, 117 Togo, Admiral, 59; his method of blockading Port Arthur, 26, 143 Torbay, Tourville's projected descent on, 33 Torpedo craft, 24, 57, 69, 120 Torpedo, the locomotive, 24 Torrington, Arthur Herbert, Earl of, 34, 35, 36, 47, 78; anchors at Beachy Head, 41; Admiral Bridge on, 32, 40, 42; Colomb on, 43; on a fleet in being, 32, 42; ordered to give battle, 44; his strategy, 38, 39; tried by Court Martial, 42; warns Mary and her Council, 40 Toulon, Château-Renault at, 33 Tourville, 33, 34, 43, 44, 48, 70, 78; at Brest, 35; in the Channel, 36 Trade routes, 104 Trafalgar, 63; campaign of, 90, 91; and Craig's expedition, 61; its significance, 19 Tsu-Shima, Battle of, its effects, 54, 55 Utrecht, Treaty of, 82 Villeneuve, pursued by Nelson, 37; driven out of the West Indies, 38; leaves Toulon, 63 War, defined, 1; its origin, 2; its primary object, 4; of American Independence, 99, 133; Boer, 8, 56, 94; civil, 1, 2; Crimean, 6; Cuban, 9, 46; in the Far East, 9; of 1859, 7; of 1866, 7; of 1870, 8, 54; of Secession in America, 2, 7; the Seven Years', 79 Wars, the Dutch, 93, 113 War Staff, 118, 119 Wellington, 73; his Peninsular Campaigns, 19 William the Conqueror, 68 William III., 32 Wolseley, Lord, on communications, 73

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