Note 564 — Chapter II

From Easter Island to the Galapagos is 2,000 miles, thence to South America 600 more. On such long migrations by water see Waitz, Introduction to Anthropology, Eng. transl., p. 202. On early modes of navigation see Col. A. Lane Fox in the Journal Anthropological Inst. (1875), iv. 399. Otto Caspari gives a map of post-tertiary times in his Urgeschichte der Menschheit (Leipzig, 1873), vol. i., in which land is made to stretch from the Marquesas Islands nearly to South America; while large patches of land lie between Asia and Mexico, to render migration practicable. Andrew Murray, in his Geographical Distribution of Mammals (London, 1866), is almost compelled to admit (p. 25) that as complete a circuit of land formerly crossed the southern temperate regions as now does the northern; and Daniel Wilson, Prehistoric Man, holds much the same opinion. The connection of the flora of Polynesia and South America is discussed by J. D. Hooker in the Botany of the Antarctic Voyage of the Erebus and Terror, 1839-43, and in his Flora of Tasmania. Cf. Amer. Journal of Science and Arts, Mar., May, 1854; Jan., May, 1860.