VI. SOME OF MICHELANGELO'S FAMOUS ITALIAN CONTEMPORARIES.
Reading edition
Rulers.
Florentine Dukes:— Lorenzo de' Medici, 1469-1492. Piero de' Medici succeeded Lorenzo 1492, expelled from Florence 1493. Alessandro de' Medici, made first hereditary duke of Florence 1531, assassinated 1537. Cosimo de' Medici succeeded Alessandro, 1537-1574. Popes:— Sixtus IV., 1471-1484. Innocent VIII., 1484-1492. Alexander VI., 1492-1503. Pius III., 1503-1503. Julius II., 1503-1513. Leo X., 1513-1522. Hadrian VI., 1522-1523. Clement VII., 1523-1534. Paul III., 1534-1550. Marcellus II., 1550-1555. Paul IV., 1555-1555. Pius IV., 1555-1559. Pius V., 1559-1566.
Men of Letters.
Boiardo, 1434-1494, poet (Orlando Innamorato). Ariosto, 1474-1533, poet (Orlando Furioso). Aretino (Venetian) 1492-1557, poet. Francesco Berni, 1496-1535, burlesque poet. Bandello, 1480-1562, novelliero. Sannazaro, 1458-1530, poet (Arcadia). Niccolo Machiavelli, 1469-1527, author of The Prince. Gucciardini, 1483-1540, historian. Tasso, 1544-1595, poet (Gerusalemme Liberata).
Group centring about Lorenzo the Magnificent in Florence.
Cristoforo Landino, 1424-1504, tutor of Lorenzo, and professor of Latin Literature. Bartolommeo Scala, 1430-1497, chancellor of Florence. Luigi Pulci, 1431-1487, writer of burlesque epic Il Morgante Maggiore, and intimate friend of Lorenzo and Poliziano. Marsilio Ficino, 1433-1499, president of Academy in 1463, translator of Plato and Plotinus. Angelo Poliziano, 1454-1494, tutor of Lorenzo's children, and professor of Greek and Latin Literature in University of Florence. Giovanni Pico della Mirandola, 1463-1494, published 900 theses at Rome in defence of Platonic mysticism.
Group in Rome:—
Pietro Bembo, 1470-1547, made cardinal in 1539, master of Latin style and also writer in Italian. Jacopo Sadoleto, 1477-1547, made cardinal in 1536, writer of Latin verses, moral treatises, and commentary on Romans. Egidio Canisio, 1470-1532, made cardinal in 1457, Latin orator and writer on philosophy, history, and theology. Paolo Giovio, 1483-1552, bishop of Nocera 1528, historian and biographer. Baldassare Castiglione, 1478-1529, diplomatist and scholar. Gian Francesco Pico della Mirandola, 1470-1533, author of life of Savonarola. Jerome Aleander, 1480-1542, made cardinal in 1536, librarian at Vatican. Marcus Musurus, 1470-1517, lecturer in Gymnasium Caballini Montis. Joannes Lascaris, 1445-1535, superintendent of Greek press established in Rome by Leo X. Riario, Giulio de' Medici, Bibbiena, Petrucci, Farnese, Alidosi, Gonzaga, cardinals and patrons of literature.
PAINTERS.
Ghirlandajo, 1449-1495? Florentine
Verrocchio, 1435-1488 "
Leonardo da Vinci, 1452-1519 "
Bartolommeo, 1475-1517 "
Francesco Granacci, 1477-1543 (friend of Michelangelo) "
Giuliano Bugiardini, 1475-1554 (friend of Michelangelo) "
Raphael, 1483-1520 "
Andrea del Sarto, 1486-1531 "
Sebastiano del Piombo, 1485-1547 "
Giorgio Vasari, 1512-1574 "
Giovanni Bellini, 1428-1516 Venetian
Giorgione, 1477-1510 "
Titian, 1477-1576 "
Tintoretto, 1518-1594 "
Paolo Veronese, 1528-1588 "
Perugino, 1446-1523 Umbrian
Bazzi, 1477-1549 Sienese
Baldassare Peruzzi, 1481-1536 (also architect) "
Domenico Beccafumi, 1486-1551 "
Mantegna, 1431-1506 Mantuan
Francia, 1450-1518 Bolognese
Correggio, 1494-1534 Emilian
MISCELLANEOUS.
Savonarola, 1452-1498, prior of monastery of S. Marco, Florence, preacher, reformer, martyr. Marc' Antonio, 1487-1539, engraver. Bramante, 1444-1514, architect of St. Peter's. Antonio da San Gallo, 1485-1546, architect of St. Peter's. Christopher Columbus, 1436 or 1446-1506, discoverer. Aldo Manuzio (Teobaldo Mannucci), 1450-1515, printer, established press at Venice 1490. Vittoria Colonna, 1490-1547, poet.