Book 5 — INDEX.

Abbot, Chas., mover of Enumeration Bill, 173, 178

Africa, 105, 111

America, North, 17, 28, 69 seq.; Indians, 89 seq., 105, 111, 143, 167, 174, &c.; cf. 369, 370 (American increase)

America, South, 88

Anderson, Adam, 173, 174

Anderson, Jas., 221, 377

Arabs, 109, 110

Aristotle, 113, 211, 214, 319, 356, 384

Bacon, Francis, 22, 47, 66, 124, 396

Bagehot, Walter, 227, 383

Ball, John, 385

Bamford, Sam., 298

Bentham, Jeremy, 43, 44, 323, 325, 331

Berkeley, Bishop, 201

Bert, Paul, 371

Births, no criterion of numbers, 149; or of increase, 179; cf. 161

Board of Agriculture, 176, 186, 216–218

Booth, David, 362, 371

Bosanquet, Chas., 291

Bounties, 31, 217, 220, &c.

Brassey, Thos., 257

Brougham, H., 228, 415

Brown, Dr. J., ‘Estimate,’ 173

Bruckner, Dr. John, of Norwich, 8

Buckle, H. T., 22, 33

Bullion Committee, 285 seq.

Caird, Jas., 69, 75, 76, 245

Cairnes, J. E., 138, 245, 261

Cannibalism, 94

Carey, H. C., 65, 68, 70, 239, 395

Census, Swedish, 132; English, B. I. ch. vii.

Chalmers, Geo., 174

Chalmers, Dr. Thos., 316, 409

Chartism, 298

Checks on population, classified, 52, 81, passim B. I. and B. IV.

China, 112, 113

Clarke, Edw., 48, 127, B. V. passim

Cobbett, Wm., 6 and note, 287, 290, 298, 338, 363, 395

Cobden, R., 225, 287, 353; cf. 55

Coleridge, S. T., the Poet, 22, 48, 95, 111, 371 seq.; the MS. notes genuine? 374; cf. 48, 377

Comte, Auguste, 20, 344; cf. 213

Comte, Charles, 413, 416

Condorcet, Marquis de, 11, 22–24, 30, 31, 375, &c.

Conversion of the world, the postulate of Socialism as of Christianity, 392

Cook, Captain, passim B. I. ch. iv.

Co-operation, 232, 300, 352, 392

Copleston, Dr. E., 363

Corn Laws, B. II. ch. i.; corn as measure of value, 224, 255–6

Corn Law Catechism, 227, 308

Cosmology of Malthus, 34 seq.

Cosmopolitanism, 347, 356, 396; cf. 328

Cripps, 127

Critics of Malthus, I, 45, B. IV. passim

Currency, 226–7, and B. II. ch. iii.

Cycle, 83, 84, 147

429Darwin, Chas., 24, 46, 363

Decreasing returns, law of, 234 seq.; cf. 37, 74, 78

‘Definitions in Pol. Econ.,’ 211, 265, and generally B. II. ch. ii.

Dependence on the foreigner, 217, 225, 233; dependent poverty, 310

Depopulation controversy, 173 seq.

Depreciation of currency, 285, and generally B. II. ch. iii.; cf. 227, 248–9

Distribution, when keeping pace with production, 166

Doubleday, Thos., 396

Dyer, T. H., 339

Eckersall, Harriet (Mrs. Malthus), 412; cf. 322

Economists, 47, 247, 248, 276

Economy, political, its method, &c., B. II. ch. i.; Club first founded, 263, 413; place among the studies of youth, 419

Eden, Sir Fred., ‘the State of the Poor’ (1797), 248, 310, &c.

‘Edinburgh Review,’ notice of Malthus, 43; connection with Malthus, 33, 329, 364, 371, 412; but see ‘Malthus, T. R.’; notice of Godwin, 12, 368, 371

Education, 56, 77, 275, 298, 301, 340, 341; cf. 403, 404, 419, 420

Egypt, 111

Emigration, B. I. ch. v.; Commons Committee, l. c. and 195 seq., 240, 377

Empson, Wm., 43, 213 n.; his classification of critics, 377, 394; life of Malthus, 399

Enclosures, 176, 215, 217

‘Encyclopædia Britannica,’ article of Malthus in Supplement, 70 seq.

England, B. I. ch. vii.

Essay on Population, editions, 2; origin, 5, 32, &c.; B. I. passim, B. IV. passim

Ethics of Malthus, B. III.

Euler, 69, 369

Factory Acts, 301, 343, 345

Fawcett, Mrs., 240

Fawcett, Prof., 273

Ferguson, Adam, 297

Fifth Monarchy Men, 385

Finland, 48, 127

Foundling Hospitals, 134, 135; cf. 409

Fox, Ch. J., 29, 31, 338

Fox, Henry, 173

France, B. I. ch. vi.

Franklin, Benj., 10, 14, 63, 369

Frend, tutor of Malthus, 406

Fyffe, C. A., 161

Gallois, 416

Garnier, his article on Malthus in ‘Dict. de l’Écon. Pol.,’ 214, 410, 415

George, Henry, 38, 40; cf. 236, 382; on population, 385–388

George III., 29, 324

Germany, 126, 183

Gibbon, Edw., 21 n., 107, 108, 400

Giffen, R., 72 n., 78 n.

Gilbert’s Act, 27

Glut, or over-production, B. II. ch. iii.

Godwin, Wm., 7; Pol. Justice, 9–11, &c.; cf. 355, 371; Enquirer, 13, 14; cf. 355–371; Caleb Williams, 10; Memoir of Mary Wollstonecraft, 21; St. Leon, 21, 22, 31; Parr’s Sermon, 43 n., 45, 358; Population, 43, 87, 364 seq.; character, 58; in hands of ‘Edinburgh Review,’ 12, 368, 371

Government, influence on population, 112, &c.; due to our wickedness? 9; acting from passion, 225; Whig, as patrons, 415, 416

Grahame, Jas., 376 seq.

Graves, Rich., tutor of Malthus, 404 seq.

Green, T. H., 354

Greg, W. R., 41, 394

Grote, George, 413

Haileybury College, Malthus’ lectures in, 214, 222, 229, 416 seq.; raison d’être and death, 415 seq.; physical surroundings, 420

Hallam, H., 85, 363

Hazlitt, W., 85, 329, 372, 386, 394

Held, Adolf, 41, 325, 331, 382

Highlands, 150, 187–190

430‘High Price of Provisions,’ 43, 49, 215, 307, 408, 411

‘High Price of Gold Bullion,’ 285

History, needs to be rewritten, 83; of English commerce, 25, 282, 283, 298; Corn Laws, 219; currency, 286–290

Holcroft, friend of Godwin, 22

Holland, B. I. ch. v.

Holyoake, G. J., 412

Horner, Francis, B. V. passim; cf. 285, 340, &c.

Hume, David, 31, 32, 99, 115 n., 116, 135, 173, &c., &c.

Hume, Joseph, 425

Huntingford, Bishop, 377

India, child-murder, 117; cf. 115

India Civil Servants, 417 seq.

Ingram, Disquisitions on Population, 329

Ireland, 146, 172, and B. I. ch. vii.

d’Ivernois, Sir F., 154, 163

Jeffrey, Francis, 329; description of Haileybury, 418

Kant, E., 309, 321, 323

Kautsky, Karl, 416

Labour, as the measure of value, and as earning wages, B. II. ch. ii.

Land and its rent, B. II. ch. i.

Lassalle, 268

Lecky, W. E. H., 26, 177, 202

Leslie, Cliffe, 138, 165, 210, 252

Levasseur, E., 164 seq.

Levellers, 385

Locke, J., 13

Luddites, 290

Luxuries, 215, 225, 295. See Standard of living.

Lyell, Sir Chas., 46

Macaulay, T. B., 272, 336; review of Sadler, 377, 410, 425

MacCulloch, J. R., 33, 40, 167, B. II. ch. i. passim

Mackintosh, Sir Jas., B. V. passim; cf. 336

Macleod, H. D., 287

Malthus, Daniel, 7, 399 seq.; cf. 135, 324

Malthus, Henry, 6, 415

Malthus, T. R., his several works: Crisis, 7, 30; Essay on Population, B. I. chs. i. ii and passim; High Price of Provisions, 43, 49, 307, &c.; Letter to Whitbread, 215, 313; Article on Newenham, 93, 195, 202; other articles in ‘Edinburgh’ and ‘Quarterly,’ 33, 212, 271, 275, 285 and note, 288, 290, 329, 371; Observations on the Corn Laws, 222, 223; Grounds of an Opinion, 227; Nature and Progress of Rent, 229; Political Economy, 210–214; Measure of Value, 254; Definitions in Political Economy, 211, 265; article in Encyclopædia Britannica, 71; Papers read before Royal Society of Literature, 263; Evidence before Emigration Committee, 144 seq.; Summary View, 80; Tracts on East India College, 423; correspondence with Godwin, Senior, Napier, Ricardo, Clarke, Sinclair, see under these names; letter on Wakefield, 405; style, 50, 265, 304, 408, 409; character, 57, and B. V. passim

Man on the earth. See Cosmology and Ethics

Manufacturer, late and early sense, 26

Marat, 404

Marcet, Mrs., 272

Martineau, Harriet, 3, 57, 58, 85, 287, 323, and B. V. passim

Marx, Karl, 84, 257, 268, 388 seq.

Mean, golden, 225 and note, 295, 320

Mercantile theory, 47

Middle classes, 225

Mill, Jas., 208, 209, 273, 276, 280, 281, 293, 413, 414

— John, 209, 239, 244, 271, 273, 281

Millennium, Godwin’s, 16; Socialistic and Christian, 392

Milne, Joshua, 71, 72

Minimum of wages, 217, 268, &c.; of prices, 279

Mivart, St George, 385

Montesquieu, 32, 108, 109, 138, &c.

Moore, Dr. John, 311

— Thomas, 416

Moral impossibility, &c., 53

431Moral restraint, 49–53, 118, 119, 383, &c., &c.

— Philosophy of Malthus, B. III.

Moravians, 383

‘Mordecai Mullion,’ 297

More, Sir Thos., 11 n., 27, 385

Muret, 148 seq., 174, 377

Napier, Macvey, 6, 43, 71, 314, 398, &c.

Nationality, 346–7

Nationalization of land, 236, 382, 392

‘Nature’ defined, 337; ‘Nature’s mighty feast,’ 305

Navigation Act, 228–9

Necessaries and luxuries, 117, 118, 122

New and old Malthusians, 24, 375; cf. 384

Newenham, reviewed by Malthus, 93, 195

‘New School of Political Economy,’ 275 seq.

Norway, B. I. ch. v.

Ortes, G. M., 391

Otaheite, B. I. ch. iv.

Otter, Bishop, 48, 127, B. V. passim

Over-population, 117, 145, 164, &c.

Over-production, B. II. ch. iii.; cf. 57, 215; of food not possible, 232, 294

Over-profits, see under Rent, esp. 230

Owen, Robert, 11 n., 24, 267, 301, 377, 380, 382 seq., 412

Paine, Thos., 9, 336, 405

Paley, W., 34, 38 and note, 39, 43, 269, B. III. passim, &c.

Parr, Dr. S., 43; see Godwin

Peace of Paris, 35, 220

Perfectibility of man, 11, 22; see Condorcet, Godwin

Petty, W., 68, 186, 369

Pitcairn Island, 102

Pitt, W., B. I. chs. i., ii.; cf. 227, 363; B. II. ch. iv. &c., &c.

Plato, 66 n., 101 n., 113; cf. 385

Poland, 249

Political justice. See Godwin

Politics of Malthus; see B. III.; cf. 198, 225, 298, &c.

Poor Bill of Pitt, 6, 29, 43

Poor Laws, English, 6, 27, 29, 215, 135, &c., B. II. ch. iv.

— Foreign, 313

Population, B. I. passim, B. IV. passim; cf. esp. 212

Populousness of ancient nations, 31, 32, 113–117

Postulates of 1st Essay, 16, 47; cf. B. I. ch. ii., Theses

Potatoes, 194–198, 203, 204, 217, 380

Price, Dr. R., 31, 32, 39, 174, but esp. 175, 176; cf. 377

Production in relation to distribution, 166, and passim; in relation to consumption, 296

Productive labour, 212

Property, private, 76, 236; cf. 18

Prosperity, criterion of national, 123

Protection, B. II. ch. i.

Prussia, B. I. ch. v.

‘Quarterly Review,’ articles of Malthus in, 212, 285 seq.

— attitude to Malthus, 363–4

‘Querist,’ Berkeley’s. See Wall of Brass

de Quincey, 266, 297, 363

Ratio, geometrical and arithmetical, 17, 66, and generally B. I. ch. iii.; B. IV. esp. 369

Raynal, Abbé, 26, 28, 97, 336, 337

Revolution, Industrial, in England, 25, 282

— in France, 7, 11, 27, 154 seq., 336, &c.

Ricardo, D., 57, B. II. passim; letters to Malthus, 213, 265 note, 414; Pol. Econ. and Taxation, 209; High Price of Bullion, 285; Low Price of Corn, 238; contrasted with Malthus, 265–6

Rickman, J., 179 seq., 338

Rogers, Prof. Thorold, 37, 96, 136, 238, 240, 269, &c.

Rome, B. I. ch. iv.

Roscher, W., 210, 267

Rousseau, J. J., 7, 27, 135, 401

Russia, B. I. ch. v.

Sadler, Mich., 377 seq.

Sargant, W. L., 412

432Say, J. B., 57, 208, 292 seq.

Scotland, B. I., ch. vii.

Scrope, G. Poulett, 377

Senior, W. N., 3, 4, 47, 209, 414

Short, 369

Simonin, 376

Sinclair, Sir John, 186, 216, 368, 369, 370, 426

Sismondi, Chas. de, 209, 296, 415

Smith, Adam, 3, 5, 9, 26, 31, 33, 47, 56, 57, 86, 95, 105, 117 and passim

Smith, Sydney, B. V. passim

Socialism, 214, 252, 312, 382 seq.

Society, Royal, 413; of Literature, 263, 414; Statistical, 415

Southey, Robt., 4, 11, 338, 374, 377, 383

Speenhamland Act, 30

Spence, Wm., Great Britain Independent of Commerce, 247, 293

Spence, author of ‘The Land the People’s Farm,’ 382, 385

Spencer, Herbert, 393, 396

Standard of Comfort, 117, 120 seq., 137, 140, 194, 195–198, 269, 295, &c., &c.

State insurance, 24

Steuart, Sir J., 32

Stewart, Dugald, barrel-organ, 385

Struggle for existence, 20, 47, 119; not leading to progress, 96, 112

Styles, Dr. E., 357, 369

‘Summons of Wakening,’ 365

Sumner, Dr. J. B., Archbishop of Canterbury, 12, 34, 38, 307

Sunday Schools, 298

Suspension of cash payments, 284 seq.

Süssmilch, J. P., 39, 115, 124 seq., 139, 369

Sweden, B. I. ch. v.; cf. 72, 73, 370

Taine, 121

Talleyrand, 418

Teleology, 319 seq., 326

Tendency, B. I. ch. iii. passim, esp. 61, 65, 66

Theses. See Postulates

Thompson, l’erronet, 227, 308

Thornton, W. T., 130 n., 210, 273

de Tocqueville, 89

Tooke, Thos., 288, 291, B. II. ch. iii., passim, 412, &c.

Torrens, R., contrasts Malthus unfavourably with Ricardo, 265

Townsend, Joseph, 32, 64

Toynbee, A., 314, 378

Tucker, Abraham, 35, 164, B. III. passim, esp. 324, 403, &c.

Tucker, Josiah, 33, 324

Turkey, 112

United States. See America

Utilitarianism, 39, 53, and B. III.; cf. 213, 374–5

Vice and virtue defined, 81, 327, 330; cf. 374

Voltaire, 27, 33

Wages, B. II. ch. ii.; cf. 226; review of wages for five centuries, 247–8

Wages Fund, 270 seq.

Wakefield, Gilb., tutor of Malthus, 339, 404

Walker, F. A., 210, 244

Wall of Brass, 201, 250–1

Wallace, A. R., 46, 47

Wallace, Dr. Robt., 8, 9, 20, 31, 126, 173

War, reparable and irreparable evils of, 155 seq.

Watson, Bishop of Llandaff, 11, 405

Wealth, as subject of Pol. Econ., 210, 212

Wesleyan movement, 26; cf. 403

West, Sir Edw., 222, 234–5, 240

Weyland, J., 377, 410

Whishaw, John, 409

Whitbread, Samuel, 29, 31, &c.

Wollstonecraft, Mary, 21

Young, Arthur, 69, 159 seq., 178, 201, 216, 380

R. Clay & Sons, Bread Street Hill, London, E. C.

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

Silently corrected obvious typographical errors and variations in spelling.

Retained archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings as printed.