ENGLISH-CHINESE VOCABUARY
Reading edition
A
A or an is expressed by the use of a classifier, e.g., ih-kuh, 一個, ih-diau, 一條.
Able, nung, 能, we°, 會, nung-keu°, 能夠.
About, iak-kwe, 約規, iak-tsak, 約酌, da-iak, 大約, when used with a number, 巴, ⸺ a hundred, pak-°po, 百巴, ⸺ the same, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, ⸺ to do a thing, tsiang-iau°, 將要, khwa-tse, 快哉, (used after the verb), ⸺ midnight, pen°-ya°-°po, 半夜巴.
Above, °zaung-deu, 上頭.
Accept, to, °zeu, 受, seu, 收.
Accompany, to, be, 陪, ⸺ a friend on leaving, soong°, 送.
According, to, tsau, 照, tsau°-°ngoo-khoen°, 照我看.
Account, an, tsang°, 賬, to collect ⸺, seu-tsang°, 手賬, on ⸺ of, iung-we°, 因爲.
Account book, an, ih °pung tsang°-°boo, 一本帳簿.
Add, to, ka, 加, thien, 添, ka-thien, 加添, to ⸺ a little, ka-°tien, 加點.
Advantage, iuh-tshu°, 益處, °hau-tshu°, 好處.
Affair, an, ih °jien z°-°thi, 一件事體 or ih tsaung z°-°thi, 一樁事體.
After, °‘eu, 後, °‘eu-deu, 後頭, ⸺ this, °i-°‘eu, 以後, day ⸺ to-morrow, °‘eu-nyih, 後日.
Afternoon, °‘au-pen°-nyih, 下半日.
Afterwards, °‘eu-°seu, 後首, °‘eu-le, 後來, °i-°‘eu, 以後.
Again, tse°, 再, yi°, 又.
Age, kwe-kang, 貴庚, or kau-zeu, 高壽.
Ago, a little while ⸺, khan-khan, 纔纔, ’veh-too °kyi-z, 勿多幾時.
All, °loong-°tsoong, 攏總, koong°-°tsoong, 共總, ih tshi, 一切, (collectively), zen, 全, thok, 秃, ⸺ in general, da-ke, 大槪.
Allow, to, nyang°, 讓.
Already, °i-kyung, 已經.
Also, °‘a-z, 也是, °‘a, 也.
Although, soe-zen, 雖然, soe-°z, 雖是.
Always, dzang-tsaung, 常莊, dzang-dzang, 常常.
Am, z, 是.
America, °Me-kok, 美國, Hwo-ji-kok, 花旗國.
Among, taung-tsoong, 當中.
Anciently, °koo-z-kan, 古時間.
And, °lau, 佬, tah-ts, 搭之, one hundred ⸺ one, ih pak ling ih, 一百零一.
Answer, to, we-deu, 回頭, we-tah, 回答.
Antiquity, °koo-z-kau, 古時間.
Anyone, dzoe-bien° sa°-nyung, 隨便啥人, have you any? noong° °yeu sa° va°? 儂有啥否, not any, m-meh, 沒末.
Anywhere, dzoe-bien° °‘a-li, 隨便那裏, ’veh lung °‘a-li, 勿論那裏.
Apple, an, ih tsak bing-°koo, 一只蘋菓.
Are, z, 是.
Arrange, to, ban, 辦.
Arrest, to, tsauh, 捉.
Arrive, to, tau°, 到.
As, for example, like, °hau-ziang, 好像, ⸺ it seems to me, tsau° °ngoo khoen°, 照我看, ⸺ you please, dzoe-bien° noong°, 隨便儂.
Ask, to, mung°, 問, jeu, 求, °tshing, 請.
Aspirate, to, tsheh-foong, 出風.
At, leh-la°, 垃拉, la°, 拉, ⸺ first, chi deu, 起頭, ⸺ night, ya° deu, 夜頭, ya°-li, 夜裏.
Attack, to, koong-°tang, 攻打.
Attend, to, to heed, taung-sing, 當心, yoong-sing, 用心, lieu-sing, 留心, to ⸺ to matters, ban°, to ⸺ to a thing to make it right, loong, 弄, loong-°hau, 弄好.
Autumn, tshieu, 秋.
Ax, an, ih °po °foo-deu, 一把斧頭.
B
Back, the, pe°, 背, to come ⸺, °tsen le, 轉來, kyui le, 歸來, to ⸺ the book, pe°, 背.
Bad, cheu, 恘, ’veh °hau, 勿好, ⸺ weather, thien ’veh °hau, 天勿好.
Bake, to, hoong, 烘.
Baggage, ‘ang-°li 行李.
Bale, a ⸺, ih pau, 一包, (used as a classifier), a ⸺ of merchandize, ih pau °hoo-suh, 一包貨色.
Bamboo, a stick of ⸺, ih kung tsok-deu, 一根竹頭.
Bar, of a door, sak, 閂.
Bar, to a door, sen, 閂.
Bark, to, °ngau, 咬, kyau, 叫.
Barrow, a, ih boo° °siau tsho, 一部小車.
Barter, to, wen°, 換, diau°, 調.
Basket, a, ih tsak lan, 一隻籃.
Bathe, to, zing° yok, 淨浴.
Battery, a, ih kuh phau°-de, 一個炮台.
Battle, to fight a ⸺, °tang-tsang°, 打仗.
Be, to, °z, 是, leh la°, 垃拉.
Beat, to, °tang, 打, to ⸺ one another, siang-°tang, 相打, to ⸺ a drum, khau °koo, 敲鼓.
Because, iung-we°, 因爲, we°-ts, 爲之.
Bed, a, ih tsak zaung, 一隻牀 ⸺ room, ih kan vaung-kan, 一間房間.
Bedding, phoo°-ke°, 鋪蓋.
Before, zien, 前, zien-deu, 前頭, day ⸺ yesterday, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i-nyih-°ts, 伊日子.
Beg, to, °thau, 討.
Beget, to, °yang, 養, sang °yang, 生養.
Beggar, a, °thau-van°-kuh, 討飯個, kau° hwo°-°ts, 叫化子.
Begin, to, °chi, 起, to ⸺ work, khe-koong, 開工, °doong-koong, 動工, ⸺ to journey, °doong-sung, 動身.
Beginning, a, °chi-deu, 起頭, °chi-tshoo, 起初, khe-dzang, 開塲, ⸺ of the year, nyien-deu, 年頭.
Behind, °‘eu-ti, 後底, °‘eu-ti-deu, 後底頭, °‘eu-deu, 後頭.
Believe, to, sing°, 信, siang-sing°, 相信.
Bell, a, tsoong, 鐘.
Below, °‘au-deu, 下頭, °‘au-ti-deu, 下底頭.
Beneath, ti-°‘au, 底下.
Beside, baung-pien, 旁邊, pien-deu, 邊頭.
Besides, ling°-nga°, 另外, dze-nga°, 在外, wan, 還.
Best, °ting °hau, 頂好, man °hau, 蠻好.
Better, °hau tien, 好點, the quicker the ⸺, yoeh khwa° yoeh °hau, 越快越好.
Between, taung-tsoong, 當中.
Beyond, koo, 過.
Big, doo°, 大.
Bill, ih tsang tsang°, 一張賬.
Bind, to, with a cord, °paung, 綁.
Bird, a, ih tsak °tiau, 一隻窵.
Biscuit, ih kuh thah-°ping, 一個𩝣餅.
Bite, °ngau, 咬.
Bitter, °khoo, 苦.
Black, huh, 黑.
Blanket, a, ih diau °bi-deu, 一條被頭, woolen, nyoong-than, 羢毯.
Blow, to, tsh, 吹, to ⸺ out, tsh °iung, 吹隱, to ⸺ into a flame or blaze, tsh yaung°, 吹旺.
Blue, lan, 藍.
Board, a, ih khwe °pan, 一塊板.
Board, to, a ship, °zaung zen, 上船.
Boat, a, ih tsak zen, 一隻船, steam ⸺, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen, 一隻火輪船, to start a ⸺, khe zen, 開船.
Body, a, ih kuh sung-°thi, 一個身體.
Boil, to, zah, 煠, to ⸺ water, °kwung, 滾.
Boiling water, khe °s, 開水.
Bolt, of a door, sen, 閂, of cloth, ih phih poo°, 一疋布.
Bolt, to ⸺ a door, sak, 閂.
Bonnet, a, ih °ting mau°-°ts, 一頂帽子, ih tsak mau°-°ts, 一隻帽子.
Book, a, ih °pung su, 一本書, a set of ⸺s, ih boo° su, 一部書, an account ⸺, ih °pung tsang°-°boo, 一本賬簿, a small blank ⸺, ih °pung boo°-°ts, 一本簿子.
Book-case, a, ih °kheu su-dzu, 一口書厨.
Borrow, to, tsia°, 借.
Both, liang-kuh, 兩個.
Bottle, a, (used as a classifier) bing, 瓶.
Bowl, a Chinese eating ⸺, ih tsak °wen, 一只碗, a wash ⸺, ih tsak mien°-bung, 一只面盆.
Box, a large ⸺, ih tsak siang-°ts, 一只箱子, a small ⸺, ih tsak ‘ah-°ts, 一只盒子, (as a classifier), siang, 箱.
Boy, a, ih kuh siau-noen, 一個小囝, a table ⸺, ih kuh °si-tse°, 一個細崽, a horse ⸺, ih kuh °ma-foo, 一個馬夫, a school ⸺, ih kuh °auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子.
Brace, a (used as a classifier), ih te°, 一對.
Brass, doong, 銅.
Bread, a loaf of ⸺, ih kuh men-deu, 一個饅頭, a piece of ⸺, ih khwe° men-deu, 一塊饅頭, a slice of ⸺, ih phien° men-deu, 一片饅頭.
Breadth, khweh-‘ah, 闊狹.
Break, to, se°, 碎, °tang-se°, 打碎, khau-se°, 敲碎.
Breakfast, °tsau-van°, 早飯.
Brick, a, ih khwe° tsen-deu, 一塊磚頭, or lok-tsen, 䃙磚, a pile of ⸺, ih te lok-tsen, 一堆䃙磚.
Bridge, ih diau jau, 一條橋.
Bring, to, tan-le, 担來, nau-le, 拿來, to ⸺ with you, ta° le, 帶來, to ⸺ out, nau-tsheh-le, 拿出來, tan-tsheh-le, 担出來, to ⸺ back, nau °tsen le, 拿轉來, tau-°tsen-le, 担轉來.
Broad, khweh, 闊.
Broil, to, tsien, 煎.
Broom, a, ih °po °sau-°tseu, 一把掃箒.
Brother, °di-hyoong, 弟兄, elder ⸺, ak-koo, 阿哥, younger ⸺, hyoong-°di, 兄弟, °di-°di, 弟弟.
Brush, to, seh, 刷.
Bucket, a, (used as a classifier), ih doong, 一桶.
Buddhist, a ⸺ idol, ih tsung veh, 一尊佛, boo-sah, 菩薩, a ⸺ priest, ih kuh oo-zaung°, 一個和尙.
Buffalo, a water ⸺, ih tsak °s-nyeu, 一隻水牛.
Build, to, °zau, 造, to ⸺ a partition, tshi° pih, 砌壁, to ⸺ a wall, tshi°, 砌, tshi° ziang, 砌牆.
Bundle, a, (used as a classifier), ih °khwung, 一捆.
Burn, to, sau, 燒, thaung, 烫.
Business, sang-i°, 生意, °ma-ma°, 買賣.
But, dau-°z, 但是, dok-°z, 獨是.
Butter, °na-yeu, 奶油.
Butterfly, a, ih tsak ‘oo-dih, 一隻蝴蝶.
Button, a, °nyeu-°ts, 鈕子.
Buy, to, °ma, 買.
By, (the agent), peh, 撥, peh-la°, 撥拉, ⸺ means of, yoong, 用, ⸺ the side of, pien-deu, 邊頭, ⸺ chance, °ngeu-zen, 偶然, ⸺ what means, na°-nung, 那能, ⸺ and ⸺, °tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, hyih-ih-hyih, 歇一歇.
C
Cake, a, ih kuh kyi-dan°-kau, 一個鷄蛋糕.
Calculate, to, soen°, 算, °tang-soen°, 打算, to ⸺ accounts, soen°-tsang°, 算賬.
Call, to, kyau°, 叫, han°, 喊, to ⸺ on, maung°-maung°, 望望.
Can, permission or ability, °khau-°i, 可以, physical ability, nung-keu°, 能彀, acquired ability, we°, 會, ⸺ do it, tsoo°-tuh-le, 做得來, ⸺ not do it, tsoo°-’veh-le, 做勿來.
Canal, a, ih diau °kaung, 一條港.
Candle, a, ih kung lah-tsok, 一根蠟燭.
Candles, a, pair of ⸺s, ih te° lah tsok, 一對蠟燭.
Cane, a, ih kung °baung, 一根棒.
Cannon, a, ih tsung phau°, 一尊炮.
Cap, a, ih °ting, 一頂 or ih tsak mau°-°ts, 一只帽子.
Car, a steam ⸺, ih °boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車.
Careful, taung-sing, 當心.
Carefully, °ts-si°, 仔細.
Carpenter, a, ih kuh mok-ziang°, 一個木匠.
Carpet, a, ih diau mau-°than, 一條毛毯.
Carriage, a, ih °boo °mo-tsho, 一部馬車, steam ⸺, ih °boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車, to go in a ⸺, °zoo °mo-tsho, 坐馬車.
Carry, to, tan, 担, nau, 拿, to ⸺ in one hand, ling, 拎, nau, 拿, to ⸺ in the arms like a child, °bau, 抱, to ⸺ on the shoulder, jien, 掮, to ⸺ on the back, pe°, 揹, to ⸺ with bamboo pole on shoulder, one man, thiau, 挑, to ⸺ with bamboo pole by two men, kaung, 扛, to ⸺ a letter, ta° ih foong sing°, 帶一封信.
Case, a book ⸺, ih °kheu su-dzu, 一口書㕑, in any ⸺, dzoe-bien° na°-nung, 隨便那能.
Cash, a, ih kuh doong-dieu, 一個銅鈿.
Cask, a, (used as a classifier), ih doong, 一桶.
Cat, a, ih tsak mau, 一只猫.
Catch, tsauh, 捉, to ⸺ fire, seh-°hoo, 失火, °hoo-dzak, 火着.
Catty, a, ih kyung, 一斤.
Cent, a ⸺, ih fung, 一分, ten ⸺s, ih kauh, 一角, twenty ⸺s, liang kauh, 兩角, s khe, 四開.
Chair, a, ih tsak iui°-°ts, 一只椅子, a sedan ⸺, ih °ting jau°-°ts, 一頂轎子.
Chance, by ⸺, °ngeu-zen, 偶然.
Change, °tsau-deu, 找頭.
Change, to, ⸺ a dollar, de° yang-dien, 兌洋鈿, to ⸺ residence, pen-dzang, 搬場.
Character, a Chinese ⸺, ih kuh z°, 一個字, to know a ⸺, suh, 識, sound of a ⸺, z°-iung, 字音.
Charcoal, than, 炭.
Chart, a, ih fok doo, 一幅圖, ih fok di°-°li-doo, 一幅地理圖.
Cheap, jang, 強.
Cheat, to, chi, 欺, phien°, 騙, chi-phien°, 欺騙.
Chicken, a, ih tsak kyi, 一只鷄.
Child, a, ih kuh °siau-noen, 一個小囝.
Chimney, ien-tshoong, 烟囱.
China, Tsoong-kok, 中國, Tsoong-wo, 中華, zeh-pah-°sang, 十八省, Ts-na, 支那, Tsoong-wo ming-kok 中華民國.
Chinese, Tsoong-kok, 中國, a ⸺ character, ih kuh z°, 一個字, to know a ⸺ character, suh, 識.
Church, a, °li-pa°-daung, 禮拜堂.
City, a, ih zoo° dzung, 一座城.
Class, a (in school), ih pan, 一班.
Clause, a, ih kyui°, 一句.
Clean, koen-zing, 乾淨.
Clear, tshing, 淸, tshing-°saung, 淸爽.
Clever, tshoong-ming, 聰明.
Climb, to, bo, 爬, ban °zaung-chi°, 𨂝上去.
Clock, a, ih tsak z°-ming-tsoong, 一只自鳴鐘.
Cloth, a piece of ⸺, ih phih poo°, 一疋布.
Clothe, to, tsak, 着.
Clothes, i-zaung, 衣裳, pile of ⸺, ih-dzaung° i-zaung, 一幢衣裳, to take off ⸺, thoeh theh i-zaung, 脫脫衣裳.
Coachman, ih kuh °mo-foo, 一個馬夫.
Coal, me, 煤, (hard) bak-me, 白煤, (soft) ien-me, 烟煤.
Coffin, a, ih °kheu kwen-ze, 一口棺材.
Cold, °lang, 冷.
Collect, to, seu, 收, to ⸺ accounts, seu-tsang°, 收賬.
College, a, su-yoen°, 書院.
Colour, ngan-suh, 顏色, the five ⸺s, °ng-suh, 五色, variegated ⸺s, °ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顏六色.
Come, to, le, 來, ⸺ back, °tsen-le, 轉來, ⸺ forth, tsheh-le, 走來, ⸺ down, °‘au-le, 下來, ⸺ in, tsing°-le, 進來, ⸺ up, °zaung-le, 上來.
Comfort, to, oen-we°, 安慰.
Comfortable, suh-i°, 適意.
Command, to, fung-foo°, 吩咐.
Commence, to, °chi-deu, 起頭, khe-koong, 開工, to ⸺ work, doong°-seu, 動手, khe-dzang, 開塲, ⸺ to journey, doong-sung, 動身.
Compare, to, °pi, 比.
Complete, to, dzung-koong, 成功.
Compradore, a, ih kuh °ma-ban°, 一個買辦.
Congratulate, to, ⸺ a person, koong-°hyi, 恭喜.
Connect, to be ⸺ed together, siang-lien, 相聯.
Conquer, to, tuh-sung, 得勝.
Consider, to, °tang-soen°, 打算.
Consult, to, saung-liang, 商量, tsung-tsak, 斟酌.
Convenient, bien°-taung°, 便當, bien°, 便, when ⸺, bien°-z, 便時.
Converse, to, bak-wo°, 白話, dan-dan, 談談.
Cook (a chief), da°-°s-voo°, 大司務, (an ordinary) sau-van°-kuh, 燒飯個.
Cook, to, sau, 燒, sau-van, 燒飯, ⸺ed roughly, zok 熟.
Cooking, a ⸺ stove (Chinese), ih tsak tsau°-deu, 一只竈頭 a ⸺ stove (foreign), ih tsak thih-tsau, 一只鐵竈.
Coolie, a, tsheh-tien°, 出店, a ricksha ⸺, tsho-foo, 車夫, a sedan ⸺, ih kuh jau°-pan, 一個轎班, jau-foo, 轎夫.
Cord, to bind with a ⸺, °paung, 綁.
Cotton, hwo, 花, (already ginned), mien-hwo, 棉花, a bale of ⸺, ih pau mien-hwo, 一包棉花, ⸺ cloth, poo°, 布, ⸺ seeds, hwo-°ts, ⸺ stalk, hwo-ji, 花楷.
Count, °soo, 數, soen°, 算.
Cow, ih tsak nyeu, 一只牛.
Crab apple, a, ih tsak hwo-‘oong, 一只花紅.
Crawl, to, ban, 𨂝.
Creek, a, ih diau pang, 一條浜, ih diau siau°-‘oo, 一條小河.
Criticise, to, phi-bing, 批評, phi-thah, 批搨.
Crow, a, ih tsak °lau-au, 一只老鴉.
Crow, to (as a cock), di, 啼.
Cry, to, khok, 哭.
Cup, a, ih tsak pe-°ts, 一只杯子.
Custom, kwe-°kyui, 規矩.
Cut, to, with a sharp knife, koeh, 割, to ⸺ with a sword, heavy knife or ax, tsan, 斬, to ⸺ in two, koeh-°doen, 割斷, to ⸺ open, tshih-khe, 切開, tshih-khe-le, 切開來.
D
Daily, nyih-nyih, 日日, nyih-dzok, 日逐, me-nyih, 每日.
Dark, en°, 喑, nearly ⸺, thien en° khwa° tse, 天暗快哉.
Daughter, ih kuh noen, 一個囡, ih kuh °siau-°nyui, 一個小女, tshien-kyung, 千金, ling°-e°, 令媛.
Day, ih nyih, 一日, thien, 天, to-day, this ⸺, kyung-tsau, 今朝, the first ⸺ of month, tshoo ih, 初一, every ⸺, nyih-nyih, 日日, nyih-dzok, 日逐, the 15th ⸺, nyoeh-pen°, 月半, ⸺ and night, nyih-ya°, 日夜, all ⸺, tsoong-nyih, 終日, half a ⸺, pen°-nyih, 半日, ⸺ after to-morrow, °‘eu-nyih, 後日, ⸺ before yesterday, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i°-nyih-°ts, 伊日子, in the middle of the ⸺, nyih-tsoong, 日中, ⸺ time, nyih-li, 日裏.
Dead, °si-tse, 死哉.
Deal, a great, too-bau°, 多化.
Dear (costly), kyui°, 貴, ⸺ child, °pau-pe kuh °siau-noen°, 寶貝個小囝.
Decide, to, lih-ding-°tsu-i°, 立定主意.
Deep, sung, 深.
Deer, ih tsak lok, 一隻鹿.
Defeat, to, °tang-ba°, 打敗, to be ⸺ed, °tang-su, 打輸, °tang-ba°, 打敗, °tang-ba°-tsang, 打敗仗.
Deify, to, foong zung, 封神.
Deliver, to ⸺ in person, dzeu°, 授.
Depart, to ⸺ from, li-khe, 離開.
Depend on, to, i-khau°, 依靠, khau°-thauh, 靠託.
Deport, to ⸺ oneself, de°, 待.
Depth, sung-°tshien, 深淺.
Descend, to, °‘au-chi°, 下去, to ⸺ a hill, °‘au-san, 下山.
Desert, to, li-khe, 離開.
Desire, to, maung, 望, po-maung, 巴望, iau°, 要.
Desk, an office ⸺, ih tsak °sia-z°-de-°ts, 一只寫字檯子.
Dialect, °thoo-bak, 土白, Shanghai ⸺, °Zaung-°he °thoo-bak, 上海土白, mandarin ⸺, kwen-wo, 官話.
Dice, a set of, ih foo° °deu-°ts, 一付骰子, to gamble with ⸺, zak deu°-°ts, 擲骰子.
Die, to, °si, 死, °si-theh, 死脫.
Difference, a, fung-pih, 分別, not much ⸺, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
Difficult, van-nan, 煩難, nan, 難.
Diligent, to be ⸺, yoong-sing, 用心.
Dining, a ⸺ room, ih kan chuh-van°-kan, 一間吃飯間, a ⸺ table, ih tsak chuh-van°-de°-°ts, 一只吃飯檯子.
Direct, to, ban°, 辦.
Dirty, auh-tsauh, 齷齪.
Dish, a, ih tsak dzang bung-°ts, 一只長盆子.
Dismiss, to ⸺ school, faung° ‘auh, 放學.
Distance, °yoen-°jung, 遠近.
Distinct, tshing-°saung, 淸爽.
Distinguish, to, fung-pih, 分別.
Divide, to, fung, 分, fung-khe, 分開.
Do, to ⸺, tsoo°, 做, cannot ⸺ it, tsoo°-’veh-le, 做勿來, how ⸺ you ⸺? noong°-°hau-la° va? 儂好拉否, ⸺ for, theh, 對.
Doctor, ih we °laung-tsoong, 一位郞中, ih we i-sung, 一位醫生.
Dog, ih tsak °keu, 一只狗.
Dollar, a, ih kuh, 一個, or ih khwe° yang-dien, 一塊洋錢, half a ⸺, pen° khwe° yang-dien, 半塊洋錢, a box of ⸺s, ih siang yang-dien, 一箱洋錢.
Dominoes, a set of, ih foo° ba, 一付牌, to gamble with ⸺, teu°-ba, 鬭牌.
Door, a, ih sen mung, 一扇門, shut the ⸺, kwan mung, 關門, open the ⸺, khe mung, 開門, lock the ⸺, °soo mung, 鎖門.
Doorway, a, ih kuh mung-°kheu, 一個門口, ih kuh mung-°kheu-deu, 一個門口頭.
Down, °‘au, 下, put it ⸺, faung°-la°, 放拉, °pa-la°, 擺拉, please sit ⸺, tshing-°zoo, 請坐.
Dragon, a, ih diau loong, 一條龍.
Drawer, ih tsak tsheu-thi°, 一只抽屉.
Drawers, a chest of ⸺, ih tsak tsheu-teu, 一只抽斗.
Dress, to, tsak, 着, to ⸺ in a showy manner, °tang-pan °, 打扮.
Drive, to ⸺ away, °koen, 趕, koen-theh, 趕脫.
Drum, a, ih mien° °koo, 一面鼓.
Dry, koen, 乾.
Duck, ih tsak ah, 一只鴨.
Dull, dung°, 鈍.
Dust, boong-dzung, 塳塵.
Duty, ming-vung°, 名分.
Dwell, to, dzu, 住.
E
Each, °me, 每.
Ear, a, ih tsak °nyi-°too, 一只耳朵.
Earlier, the ⸺ the better, yoeh °tsau yoeh °hau, 越早越好.
Early, °tsau, 早, ⸺ in the morning, °tsau zung-deu, 早晨頭.
Earn, to, dzan° 賺.
Earth, the, di°, 地, di°-jeu, 地球, the whole ⸺, phoo-thien-°‘au, 普天下.
East, the, toong, 東, ⸺ side, toong-pien, 東邊.
Easy, yoong-yi°, 容易, ⸺ to read, °hau dok kuh, 好讀個.
Eat, to, chuh, 吃, to ⸺ rice or meal, chuh van, 吃飯, unable to ⸺, chuh-’veh-lauh, 吃勿落, good to ⸺, °hau chuh kuh, 好吃個.
Eating, a Chinese ⸺ bowl, ih tsak °wen, 一只碗.
Ebb-tide, the°-dzau, 退潮.
Economical, to be, °sang, 省, tsoo° nyung-ka, 做人家.
Egg, an, ih kuh dan°, 一個蛋.
Eight, pah, 八.
Eighteen, zeh-pah, 十八.
Eighty, pah-zeh, 八十.
Either, ‘ok-tse, 或者, ‘ok-°z, 或是.
Eleven, zeh-ih, 十一.
Else, ling°-nga°, 另外, wan-°yeu, 還有.
Embarrassing, to be placed in an — position, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
Emblem, an, kyi-‘au°, 記號.
Enemy, to attack an ⸺, koong-°tang, 攻打.
England, Iung-kok, 英國.
Enjoy, to, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜.
Enough, °yeu-tse, 有哉, or keu°-z°, 够是.
Ensign, kyi-‘au°, 記號.
Enter, to, tsing°, 進.
Entrust, to, khau°, 靠, khau°-thauh, 靠託, thauh, 託.
Envelope, an, ih kuh sing°-khauh, 一個信殼, ih kuh sing°-foong, 一個信封.
Equal, ih yang°, 一樣, not ⸺ to, ’veh-jih, 勿及, ’veh zu, 勿如.
Erect, to ⸺ a fence, °tang-po, 打芭.
Error, tsho, 差.
Escort, to ⸺ a person to the way, soong°, 送.
Evening, ya°-khwa°, 夜快, waung-hwung-deu, 黃昏頭, waung hwung-°doong, 黃昏同.
Every, kauh, 各, °me, 每, ⸺ day, °me-nyih, 毎日, ⸺ place, khauh tshu°, 各處, khauh-tau° lauh tshu°, 各到落處.
Examine, to ⸺ carefully, dzo, 查, dzo-°khau, 查考, to ⸺ a class, °khau-su, 考書.
Exalt, to ⸺ to a high position, foong, 封.
Exchange, to, wen°, 換, diau, 調.
Excite, to, doong, 動.
Exhort, to, °choen, 勸, °choen-mien, 勸勉,°choen-‘oo, 勸和.
Except, to, maung°, 望, po-maung°, 巴望.
Explain, to, °ka-suh, 解說, °khaung, 講.
Expound, to, °khaung, 講.
Extinguish, to, tsh-°iung, 吹隱.
Extra, ling-nya°, 另外.
Extravagant, to be, ⸺, saung-fi, 傷費.
Eye, an, ih tsak °ngan-tsing, 一只眼睛.
F
Face, ih kuh mien° khoong, 一個面孔, ⸺ (cheek), nyi-kwaung, 耳光.
Fall, to, lauh, 落, tih, 跌, to ⸺ down, lauh-‘au°-le, 落下來, tih-‘au°-le, 跌下來, the tide is ⸺ing, lauh-dzau, 落潮.
False, °ka, 假.
Fan, a, ih °po sen°-°ts, 一把扇子.
Farmer, tsoong°-dien-nyung, 種田人.
Fast, khwa°, 快.
Fat, (a person being ⸺), tsaung°, 壯.
Father, ya, 爺, °lau-nyung-ka, 老人家, kya-°voo, 家父, tsung-da°-nyung, 尊大人, kya, 家, ling-°tsung, 令尊, tia-tia, 爹爹, ya-ya, 爺爺, pak-pak, 爸爸.
Feel, to, mok, 摸.
Female, (human), °nyui, 女, (animal), tsh, 雌.
Fence, to erect a ⸺, °tang-po, 打芭.
Few, sau, 少.
Fierce, hyoong, 兇.
Fifteen, °so-°ng, 十五.
Fifty, °ng-seh, 五十.
Fight, to ⸺ with each other, siang-°tang, 相打, to ⸺ a battle, °tang-°tsang, 打仗.
File, a, ih °po tshoo-tau, 一把銼刀.
Find, to, zing, 尋, zing-dzak, 尋着, cannot ⸺, zing-’veh-dzak, 尋勿着.
Finger, a, ih tsak tshih-deu, 一只指頭.
Finish, to, wen, 完.
Fire, °hoo, 火, to light the ⸺, sang-°hoo, 生火, on ⸺ (as a house), °hoo-dzak, 火着.
Firm, lau, 牢.
First, sien, 先, deu ih, 頭一, °di ih, 第一, the ⸺ month, tsung nyoeh, 正月, the ⸺ day of a month, tshoo-ih, 初一, the ⸺ part of a month, nyoeh-deu, 月頭, nyoeh deu laung, 月頭上, the ⸺ half of a month, day, or year, °zaung-pen°, 上半.
Fish, a, ih diau ng, 一條魚.
Five, °ng, 五.
Flag, ih mien° ji, 一面旗.
Flour, koen-mien°, 乾麵, mien°-°fung, 麵粉.
Flower, hwo, 花, a ⸺ing plant, ih khoo hwo, 一棵花.
Flute, ih °kwen-dih, 一管笛.
Fly, to, fi, 飛.
Follow, to, kung, 跟.
Food, van°, 飯, chuh-kuh meh-z°, 吃個物事.
Fool, to ⸺ with one another, °tang-bang, 打棚.
Foot, the, ih tsak kyak, 一只脚, a measure of 10 inches, ih tshak, 一尺, ten feet, ih °dzang, 一丈, a square ⸺, ih faung tshak, 一方尺, 100 square feet, ih faung, 一方.
For, iung-we°, 因爲, we°-ts, 爲之, ⸺ (instead of), theh, 替, de°-thi°, 代替.
Force, to take a thing by ⸺, °tshiang, 搶, °tshiang-doeh, 搶奪.
Foreigner, ih kuh °nga-kok nyung, 一個 外國人.
Forfeit, to, seh, 失, seh-theh, 失脫.
Forget, to, maung-kyi, 忘記.
Forgive, to, nyau-°so, 饒赦, khwen-yoong, 寬容, nyoen-liang°, 原諒.
Fork, ih °po tsho°, 一把叉.
Forsake, to, li-khe, 雕開.
Fort, a, ih kuh phau°-de, 一個炮台.
Forth, tsheh, 出, to come ⸺, tsheh-le, 出來.
Forty, s°-seh, 四十.
Four, °s, 四.
Fowl, ih tsak kyi, 一隻鷄, a pair of ⸺s, ih te° kyi, 一對鶴.
Fox, ih tsak ‘oo-li, 一隻孤狸.
France, Fah-kok, 法國.
Fresh (of meat or fish), sing-sien, 新鮮.
Friend, ih kuh bang-°yeu, 一個朋友.
Friday, °li-pa°-°ng, 禮拜五.
From, dzoong, 從.
Fuel, a bundle of ⸺, ih khwung za, 一梱柴, ih khwung dau-za, 一梱稻柴.
Furniture, classifier for articles of ⸺, °kheu, 口.
G
Gain, to, ⸺, dzan, 賺, to ⸺ a victory, °tang-yung, 打贏, °tang-sung°-tsang, 打勝仗.
Gamble, to, too, 賭, to ⸺ with dice, zak deu°-°ts, 擲骰子, to ⸺ with dominoes, teu°-ba, 鬭牌.
Garden, hwo-yoen, 花園.
Garment, ih jien° i-zaung, 一件衣裳.
Gate, mung, 門.
Gateway, mung-kheu, 門口.
Gather, (as fruit, flowers), °tshe, 採.
Generally, da°-liak, 大略.
Germany, Tuh-kok, 德國.
Gentleman, sien-sang, 先生.
Gently, man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, chung-chung-nung, 輕輕能.
Get, to, tuh, 得, tuh-dzak, 得着, to ⸺ up, lok, 䟿 lok chi° le, 䟿起來.
Give, to, peh, 撥, soong°, 送.
Glad, kha°-weh, 快活, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜.
Glass, poo-li, 玻璃, a ⸺, ih tsak poo-li pe-°ts, 一只玻璃杯子, a wine ⸺, ih tsak °tsieu pe, 一只酒杯.
Go, to, chi°, 去, to ⸺ out, tsheh chi°, 出去, to ⸺ on shore, °zaung-ngoen°, 上岸, to ⸺ on board, °zaung-zen, 上船.
Goat, ih tsak san-yang, —隻山羊.
God, °Zang-ti, 上帝, Thien-°tsu, 天主, Zung, 神, a Taoist ⸺, ih tsung zung-dau°, 一尊神道.
Godown, a, ih zoo °dzan-vaung, 一座棧房.
Gold, kyung-°ts, 金子.
Gong, ih mien° kyung-loo, 一面金鑼.
Good, °hau, 好, (moral), zen, 善.
Good-by, an°-hyih-we°, 晏歇會, tse°-we°, 再會, chi°-tse, 去哉, man°-chi°, 慢去, kan-nyih-we°, 隔日會.
Goose, a, ih tsak ngoo, 一只鵝.
Grasp, to, nyah, 揑.
Grass, a, °tshau, 草.
Grate, a, ih kuh °hoo-khaung, 一個火炕.
Grave, a, ⸺ mound, ih kuh vung-san, 一個墳山.
Great, doo°, 大, a great many, too hau°, 多化, kyau-kwan, 交關.
Green, lok, 綠.
Guest, a, ih we° khak nyung, 一位客人, a ⸺ room, ih kan khak-daung kan, 一間客堂間.
Grill, to, tsien, 煎.
Gun, a, ih kwen yang-tshiang, 一管洋槍.
H
Hair, on the head, deu-fah, 頭髮.
Half, a, ih pen°, 一半, ⸺ an hour, pen° °tien-tsoong, 半點鐘, ⸺ a dollar, pen° khwe° yang-dien, 半塊洋錢.
Hammer, a, ih kuh, 一個, or °po laung-deu, 把榔頭.
Hand, the, ih tsak °seu, 一只手, the right ⸺, yeu°-°seu, 右手, the left ⸺, tsi°-°seu, 左手.
Hand, to, dzeu°, 授.
Handful, a, ih °po, 一把.
Happiness, fok-chi°, 福氣.
Happy, kha°-weh, 快活.
Hard, ngang, 硬, (difficult), nan, 難.
Hare, a, ih tsak thoo°-°ts, 一只兔子.
Hat, ih °ting man-°ts, 一頂帽子.
Have, °yeu, 有.
Hawk, a, °ih tsak iung, 一只鷹, ih tsak °lau-iung, 一只老鷹.
He, yi, 伊.
Head, ih kuh deu, 一個頭, to wear on the ⸺, ta°, 戴, to bow the ⸺ (as to kowtow), kheh-deu, 磕頭.
Heal, to, i-°hau, 醫好, khoen°-°hau, 看好.
Hear, thing, 聽, thing-kyien, 聽見, cannot ⸺, thing-’veh-tsheh, 聽勿出.
Heart, ih kuh sing, 一個心.
Heaven, thien, 天.
Heavy, °dzoong, 重.
Height, kau-ti, 高低.
Help, paung-dzoo°, 帮助, to ⸺ one another, siang-paung, 相幫.
Hen, a, ih tsak ths kyi, 一只雌鷄.
Her, yi, 伊.
Here, leh-li, 垃裏, °ths-di°, 此地, di-deu, 第頭.
Hereafter, °‘eu-°seu, 後首, °‘eu-le, 後來, °i-°‘eu, 以後.
Hers, yi-kuh, 伊個.
Hide, to ⸺ oneself, ben°-loong, 避攏, to ⸺ a thing, khaung°-°loong, 囥攏, khaung°, 囥.
High, kau, 高.
Hill, ih zoo° san, 一座山.
Him, yi, 伊.
Himself, yi z°-ka, 伊自家.
Hinder, to, °tsoo, 阻, °tsoo-taung, 阻擋.
His, yi-kuh, 伊個.
Hit, to, °tang, 打.
Hog, a, ih tsak ts-loo, 一只猪獹.
Hoist, to, as a flag or a sail, °tsha, 扯.
Hold, to, nyah, 揑, to ⸺ in the arms, °bau, 抱.
Hole, doong, 洞.
House, ok-°li, 屋裏.
Honest, lau-zeh, 老實.
Hope, a, maung-deu, 望頭.
Hope, to, po-maung°, 巴望.
Horse, a, ih phih °mo, 一匹馬, ih tsak °mo, 一只馬, a ⸺ boy, ih kuh °mo-foo, 一個馬夫, to ride a ⸺, ji-°mo, 騎馬.
Hospital, i-yoen°, 醫院.
Hot, nyih, 熱.
Hour, ih °tien tsoong, 一點鐘, or ih kuh tsoong-deu, 一個鐘頭, half an ⸺, pen° °tien tsoong, 半點鐘, quarter of an ⸺, ih khuh, 一刻.
House, ih zoo°, 一座, or ih zak vaung-°ts, 一宅房子, two storied ⸺, ih zoo° leu, 一座樓, ih zoo° leu-vaung, 一座樓房, three storied ⸺, san dzung leu, 三層樓.
How? °na-nung, 那能? ⸺ many? °kyi-hau°, 幾化? °kyi kuh, 幾個? ⸺ much? °kyi hau°, 幾化? ⸺ much is it (price)? sa ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? ⸺ much more? ‘oo-°hwaung, 何况? nyi, 呢, (at end of clause) ⸺ are you? noong° °hau la° °va, 儂好拉否? ⸺ old are you? °kyi hau° nyien-kyi, 幾化年紀? °kyi soe°, 幾歲? °kyi-hau° kwe°-kang, 幾何貴庚? kyi-hau° kau-zeu°, 幾化高壽.
However, zen-r, 然而.
Hundred, ih pak, 一百.
Hunt, to, °tang-lih, 打獵.
Husband, a ⸺ and wife, ih te° foo-tshi, 一對夫妻.
I
I, °ngoo, 我, ⸺ myself, °ngoo z°-ka, 我 自家.
Idol, a Buddhist ⸺, ih tsung veh, 一尊佛, boo-sah, 菩薩, a Taoist ⸺, ih tsung zung-dau°, 一尊神道.
If, zak, 若, zak-s°, 若是, zak-zen, 若然, °thaung-zen, 倘然, °thaung-s°, 倘使, meh, 末 (at end of the clause), ⸺ not so, ’veh zen meh, 勿然末, ’veh zeh-ke° meh, 勿實蓋末, ⸺ it be so, kyi-zen zeh-ke°, 既然實蓋, as ⸺, °hau-°ziang, 好像.
Ill, to become, sang-bing, 生病.
Illness, mau-bing, 毛病.
Immediately, zieu, 就.
Immovable, °doong-°‘a-’veh-°doong, 動亦勿動.
Implement, ka-sang, 傢生.
Imprison, to be ⸺ed, seu-kan, 收監.
In, la°, 拉, or leh-la°, 垃拉, (before noun) °li, 裏, or °li-hyang, 裏向, (after noun), is he ⸺? yi leh-la° va°? 伊垃拉否? come ⸺, tsing°-le, 進來, go ⸺, °tsing-chi°, 進去, ⸺ addition, ling°-nga, 另外, dze-nga°, 在外, wan, 環, ⸺ order to, °i-°ts, 以至, ⸺ vain, bak-bak-°li, 白白裏.
Inch, an, ih tshung, 一寸.
Inconceivable, siang-’veh-tau, 想勿到.
Indispensable, °ba-’veh-tuh, 罷勿得.
Injure, ‘e°, 害, to be ⸺ed, zeu-°‘e, 受害, to be ⸺ed by striking, °tang-wa°, 打壊.
Ink, a piece of, ih khwe° muh, 一塊墨, foreign ⸺, muh-s, 墨水, a Chinese ⸺ tablet, ih kuh nyien°-°ts, 一個硯池, ih kuh nyien°-de, 一個硯台.
Inquire, to make ⸺ies, °tang-thing, 打聽.
Inside, °li-hyang°, 裏向.
Instantaneous, lih-khuk, 立刻.
Instead of, thi°, 替, °de-thi, 代替.
Instruments, a set of, ih foo° ka-sang, 一副傢生.
Intercourse, le-°waung, 來往.
Invite, to, °tshing, 請.
Iron, thih, 鐵.
Iron, to, thaung, 烫.
Is, °z, 是, there ⸺, °yeu, 有, ⸺ there to be had? °yeu-tuh, 有得?
It, yi, 伊, ⸺ is not necessary, ’veh pih, 勿必.
Its, yi-kuh, 伊個.
J
Japanese, Toong-yang-nyung, 東洋人, zeh-°pung-nyung, 日本人.
Jetty, a, °mo-deu, 碼頭.
Journey, to start on, °doong-sung, 動身.
Jump, to, thiau, 跳.
Just now, khan-khan, 纔纔, ’veh too-°kyi-z, 勿多幾時, ⸺ on the point of doing a thing, thih-°tsung, 貼准, ⸺ before daylight, thien-liang°-khwa°, 天亮快.
K
Keep, to, seu, 守.
Kerosene, °hoo-yeu, 火油.
Kettle, s-‘oo, 水壺.
Key, a, ih °po yak-dz, 一把鑰匙.
Kill, to, sah, 殺, sah-theh, 殺脫, to ⸺ with a blow, °tang-sah, 打殺.
Kitchen, a, ih kan sau-van°-kan, 一間燒飯間, dzu-vaung, 厨房, tsau°-kan, 灶間.
Kneel, to, jui, 跪.
Knife, a, ih °po tau, 一把刀.
Knock, to, khau, 敲.
Know, to, °hyau-tuh, 曉得, to ⸺ a person, nyung°-tuh, 認得, to ⸺ a Chinese character, suh, 識.
Kowtow, to, kheh-deu, 磕頭.
L
Ladder, a, ih dzung voo-thi, 一層扶梯.
Lamp, a, ih tsan-tung, 一盞燈.
Large, doo°, 大.
Late, °an, 晏.
Laugh, to, siau°, 笑.
Laughable, °hau-siau°, 好笑, very ⸺, siau°-sah-tse, 笑殺哉.
Lazy, °lan-phok, 懒怕, °lan-doo°, 懒惰.
Lead, khan, 鉛.
Lead, to, ling, 領.
Leap, to, thiau, 跳.
Learn, to, °‘auh, 學.
Left, tsoo°, 左 (sometimes pronounced tsi°), ⸺ hand, tsi° °seu, 左手.
Lend, to, tsia, 借.
Length, dzaug-°toen, 長短.
Less than, ’veh siau, 勿消, ’veh °men, 勿滿.
Lest, °sang-ts, 省之.
Letter, a, ih foong sing°, 一封信.
Level, bing, 平.
Life, ih diau sing°-ming°, 一條性命, all one’s ⸺, ih-sang ih-s°, 一生一世.
Light (not dark), liang, 亮.
Light (in weight), chung, 輕.
Light, to, (a lamp or candle), tien, 點, to ⸺ a fire, sang, 生.
Like, °hau-°ziang 好像, °ziang, 像, yeu-z 猶似, tsho-’veh-too, 差不多.
Like, to, hwen-°hyi, 歡喜, siang-sing°, 相信, as you ⸺, dzoe noong, 隨儂, dzoe bien noong, 隨便儂.
Lion, a, ih tsak s-°ts, 一只獅子.
Little, °siau, 小, ⸺ (in quantity), °sau, 少, ⸺ (to a small extent), sau-we, 少爲, a ⸺, ih ngan, 一顏, ih ngan-ngan, 一顏顏, differs but ⸺, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
Live, to, dzu°, 住, weh, 活 sung, 生.
Loaf, a ⸺ of bread, ih kuh men-deu, 一個饅頭.
Lock, a, ih °po °soo, 一把鎖.
Lock, to, °soo, 鎖.
Long, dzang, 長, a ⸺ time, dzang-°yoen, 長遠, dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, ta-z-tse, 多時哉.
Look, to, khoen°, 看, to ⸺ for, zing, 尋, take a ⸺, khoen°-ih-khoen°, 看一看, to ⸺ around, tseu-we-khoen°, 周圍看, ⸺s well, °hau khoen°, 好看, to ⸺ for (expect), maung°, 望, ⸺ after (to lake care of), tsau-koo, 照顧, taung-sing, 當心.
Loose, °doong-°lau-°doong, 動佬動.
Lord, °Tsu, 主, the heavenly ⸺, Thien-°Tsu, 天主.
Lose, to, seh, 失, seh-theh, 失脫, to ⸺ in business, zeh, 折, zeh-theh, 折脫, zeh-pung, 折本.
Love, to, e°, 爱, to ⸺ mutually, siang-e°, 相愛.
Low, ti, 底.
M
Magistrate, a, ih kuh, 一個, (or ih we°, 一位), kwen-°foo, 官府.
Make, to, tsoo°, 做, to ⸺ a profit, dzan, 賺.
Male, nen, 男, of animals, yoong, 雄.
Man, ih kuh nyung, 一個人, a ⸺ or two, deu-liang-kuh-nyung, 頭兩個人.
Manage, to, kyung-°seu, 經手, ban, 辦, °kwen, 管.
Mandarin, a, ih kuh kwen, 一個官, ih kuh kwen-°foo, 一個官府, ⸺ dialect, kwen-wo°, 官話.
Many, too-hau°, 多化, how ⸺, °kyi-hau°, 幾化, a great ⸺, kyau-kwan, 交關.
Map, a, ih fok doo, 一幅圖, ih fok di°-°li-doo, 一幅地理圖.
Market, °z-mien°, 市面.
Marks or signs, kyi°-’au°, 記號.
Marry, to ⸺ a wife, °thau nyang-°ts, 討娘子, a woman to ⸺, tsheh-ka°, 出嫁.
Mason, a, ih kuh nyi-°s-ziang, 一個泥水匠.
Master, a, °tsu-nyung, 主人, toong-ka, 東家.
Matches, z°-le hoo°, 自來火, strike a ⸺, wak, 劃.
May, °khau-i°, 可以.
Me, °ngoo, 我.
Meaning, i°-s°, 意思.
Measure, to, liang, 量, °ien, 演.
Meat, a piece ⸺, ih khwe° nyok, 一塊肉.
Medicine, yak, 藥.
Meet, to, bang°-dzak, 碰着, to go to ⸺, nyung-tsih, 迎接, to ⸺ a misfortune, chuh-°khoo, 吃苦.
Men, nyung, 人.
Mend, to, sieu, 修, °poo, 補, to ⸺ a path, tshi° ka, 砌街.
Merchandise, hoo°-suh, 貨色.
Method, fah-tsuh, 法則.
Midday, nyih-tsoong, 日中.
Middle, kyui-tsoong, 居中, ⸺ of a month, nyoeh-pen°, 月半.
Midnight, pen°-ya° °po, 半夜把.
Might, °khau-°i, 可以.
Mile, a Chinese ⸺, ih °li, 一里, ih °li-loo°, 一里路.
Milk, nyeu-°na, 牛奶.
Mind, to relax the ⸺, san-sing, 散心.
Mine, °ngoo-kuh, 我個.
Minute, a, ih fung, 一分.
Mirror, a, ih mien° kyung°-°ts, 一面鏡子.
Misery, °khoo-nau°, 苦惱.
Misfortune, to meet with a ⸺, chuh-°khoo, 吃苦.
Mistake, ’veh-te°, 勿對, or tsho, 錯.
Miss, a, ih kuh °siau-°tsia, 一個小姐.
Mister, sien-sang, 先生.
Mistress, Mrs., nyang-nyang, 娘娘.
Moan, to, than°-chi°, 歎氣.
Moist, sak, 濕.
Monday, °li-pa°-ih, 禮拜一.
Money, small, °siau kauh-°ts, 小角子, °siau yang-dien, 小洋鈿.
Month, a, ih kuh nyoeh, 一個月, the 1st day of a ⸺, tshoo ih, 初一, the beginning of a ⸺, nyoeh-deu, 月頭, the middle of a ⸺, nyoeh-pen°, 月半, the end of a ⸺, nyoeh-ti, 月底, last ⸺, zien-nyoeh, 前月, zien-kuh-nyoeh, 前個月, next ⸺, °‘au nyoeh, 下月, °‘au kuh nyoeh, 下個月, every ⸺, °me nyoeh, 每月, nyoeh-nyoeh, 月月.
Moon, ih kuh nyoeh, 一個月, nyoeh-liang, 月亮.
More, too, 多, too-°tien, 多點, how much ⸺, °oo-hwaung, 何况, ⸺ than, ’veh-°ba, 勿罷.
Moreover, °ping-°tshia, 並且, r-°tshia, 而且, hwaung-°tshia, 况且.
Morning, °tsau-zung-deu, 早晨頭, °zaung-pen° nyih, 上半日.
Mosquito, a, ih kuh mung-°ts, 一個蚊子.
Most, °ting, 頂, tsoe, 最, juh, 極, da°-ke°, 大槪.
Mostly, da°-ke°, 大槪.
Mother, nyang, 娘, moo-tshing, 母親, my ⸺, ka (kya)-°moo, 家母, your ⸺, ling°-daung, 令堂.
Mound, a grave ⸺, ih kuh vung-san, 一個墳山.
Mountain, a, ih zoo san, 一座山.
Mouth, a, ih kuh °kheu, 一個口, ih tsang °ts, 一張嘴.
Move, to, °doong, 動.
Mow, a, ih °m, 一畝.
Much, too, 多, too-hau°, 多化, how ⸺? °kyi-hau, 幾化? how ⸺ is it (price)? sa° ka-°dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情?
Muddy, wung, 混.
My, °ngoo-kuh, 我個.
N
Name, ming-z°, 名字, ming-deu, 名頭, your honorable ⸺, kwe° sing°, 貴姓, tsung sing, 尊姓, my humble ⸺, bi°-sing°, 敝姓, please give your ⸺ (style), °tshing kyau° the°-foo, 請敎台甫, my ⸺ is? tshau-z°, 草字, what is your ⸺? ming-deu kyau°-sa°? 名頭叫啥?
Narrate, to, kau°-soo, 告訴.
Narrow, ‘ah, 狹.
Native, a, ih kuh °pung-di°-nyung, 一個本地人.
Near, °jung, 近, siang-°jung, 相近.
Nearly, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多, mau, 毛, ⸺ three miles, man san li, 毛三里.
Near-sighted, °jung-°z-°ngan, 近視眼.
Necessary, pih iau° yoong° kuh, 必要用個, ⸺ or important, iau°-°kyung-kuh, 要緊個.
Necessity, iau°-°kyung, 要緊.
Needle, tsung, 針, thread a ⸺, tshen °yung sien°, 穿引線.
Neighbor, ling-°so, 鄰舍.
New, sing, 新, sing-fah, 新法.
New Year’s day, nyien tshoo ih, 年初一.
News, sing°-sih, 信息, sing-vung, 新聞.
Newspaper, ih tsang sing-vung-°ts, 一張新聞紙.
Next, (juxtaposition), kah-pih, 隔壁.
Night, ya°, 夜, at ⸺, ya°-deu, 夜頭, ya°-°li, 夜裏.
Nine, °kyeu, 九.
Nineteen, zeh-°kyeu, 十九.
Ninety, °kyeu-seh, 九十.
No, ’veh, 勿, m-sa°, 無啥 (in answer to question), ⸺ one, m-sa°-nyung, 無啥人, ⸺ matter, ’veh nge°-sa°, 勿礙啥, ⸺ matter who, ’veh lung° sa° nyung, 勿論啥人, ⸺ matter what, ’veh lung° sa°, 勿論啥, dzoe bien° sa°, 隨便啥, ’veh kyui sa°, 勿拘啥.
Noise, °hyang-sung, 響聲, sung iung, 聲音.
Noon, nyih-tsoong, 日中.
North, pok, 北, pok-pien, 北邊.
North-east, toong-pok, 東北, ⸺ west, si-pok, 西北.
Nose, a, ih kuh bih-deu, 一個鼻頭.
Not, ’veh, 勿, ⸺ any, m-meh 無末, ⸺ yet, ’veh zung, 勿曾, still ⸺ yet, wan ’veh zung, 還勿曾, ⸺ only, ’veh dan°-°z, 勿但是 ’veh-dan°, 勿但, ’veh ba, 勿罷, ⸺ at all, ih ngan ’veh, 一顏勿, ⸺ inclined, ’veh-kau-hyung°, 勿高興, ⸺ very, ’veh da°, 勿大.
Nourish, to, °yang, 養, sang-°yang, 生養.
Now, yien°-°dze, 現在.
Nun, a, ih kuh nyi-koo, 一個尼姑.
Nurse, to, su-°tsang, 輸長.
O
Object, an, ih kuh meh-z°, 一個物事.
Obtain, tuh-dzak, 得着.
Of, (sign of possession), kuh, 個, ⸺ course, z°-zen, 自然.
Offend, to, tuh-dzoe°, 得罪.
Office, an, ih kan sia°-z°-kan, 一間寫字間.
Often, °hau-°kyi-we, 好幾囘.
Oil, yeu, 油.
Old (not new), °jeu, 舊, ⸺ (not young), °lau, 老, ⸺ (antique) °koo-z-kan, 古時間.
Omnipotent, voo-°soo-peh-nung, 無所不能.
Omnipresent, voo-°soo-peh-°dze, 無所不在.
Omniscient, voo-°soo-peh-ts, 無所不知.
On, la°, 拉, or leh-la, 垃拉, (with laung after noun), ⸺ the table, la° de-ts laung°, 拉檯子上, ⸺ account of, we°-ts, 爲之, ⸺ the contrary, °tau, 倒, ⸺ the other hand, °tau, 倒.
Once, ih we, 一囘.
One, ih, 一, no ⸺, m-sa° nyung, 無啥人, ⸺ cent, ih fung, 一分, ⸺ time, ih we, 一囘, ih thaung, 一 [C3].
Only, pih koo°, 不過, dok°-z, 獨是, tsuh-tuh, 只得.
Open, to, khe, 開, to ⸺ school, khe ‘auh, 開學, to ⸺ (as a book), hyih-khe-le, 揭開來, to cut ⸺, tshih khe, 切開, tshih khe le, 切開來.
Oppose, to, °tsoo, 阻 °tsoo-taung, 阻擋, unable to ⸺, dih-’veh-dzu, 敵勿住.
Or, ok-tse, 或者.
Orange, ih tsah kyoeh-°ts, 一只橘子.
Originally, °pung-le, 本來.
Other, bih, 別.
Ought, iung-ke, 應該.
Ounce, an, ih °liang, 一兩, an ⸺ of silver, ih °liang nyung-°ts, 一兩銀子.
Our, nyi°-kuh, 伲個, °ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個.
Ours, nyi°-kuh, 伲個, °ngoo-nyi°-kuh, 我伲個.
Out, nga°, 外, tsheh, 出, nga°-deu, 外頭, to go ⸺, tsheh-chi°, 出去, to come ⸺, tsheh-le, 出來.
Outside, nga-deu, 外頭.
Over, °zaung, 上.
Own, z°-ka-kuh, 自家個.
P
Package, a, ih bau, 一包.
Pagoda, a, ih zoo° thah, 一座塔.
Pain, thoong, 痛.
Painter, a, ih kuh tshih ziang°, 一個漆匠.
Painting, a, ih fok wo°, 一幅畫.
Pair, ih saung, 一雙, ih te°, 一對, ih foo°, 一副.
Pane, a ⸺ of glass, ih khwe poo-li, 一塊玻璃.
Paper, °ts-deu, 紙頭, a sheet of ⸺, ih tsang °ts-deu, 一張紙頭.
Pardon, nyau-°so, 饒赦.
Part, a portion, ih vung, 一分, for the most ⸺, da°-liak, 大略.
Partition, pih, 壁, to build a ⸺, tshi° pih, 砌壁.
Pass, to ⸺ from the old year to the new, koo°, 過.
Path, ih diau ka, 一條街, to mend a ⸺, tshi° ka, 砌街.
Pawn, to, taung°, 當, taung°-theh, 當脫.
Pay, to, foo, 付, to ⸺ attention, yoong° sing, 用心, to ⸺ ceremonial visit, pa° khak, 拜客, to ⸺ respects to, pa° maung°, 拜望, maung 望, to ⸺ respects to a new year, pa° nyien, 拜年.
Payment, to receive ⸺, seu, 收, to receive ⸺ for a lease, seu-tsoo, 收租.
Peace, bing-oen, 平安.
Peach, a, ih tsak dau-°ts, 一只桃子.
Pear, a, ih tsak sang-li, 一只生梨.
Pen, a, ih °kwen pih, 一管筆.
Pencil, a, ih °kwen khan-pih, 一管鉛筆.
People, pak-sing, 百姓.
Perform, to, tsoo°, 做, to ⸺ a funeral ceremony, tsoo°-koong-tuh, 做功德, nyan°-kyung, 念經.
Perhaps, khoong-pho°, 恐怕, °ok-tse°, 或者.
Permit, to, °hyui, 許.
Person, ih kuh nyung, 一個人.
Phrase, a, ih kyui° seh wo°, 一句說話.
Pheasant, a, ih tsak °ya-kyi, 一只野鷄.
Picul, a, ih tan°, 一担.
Piece, a, ih khwe°, 一塊, a whole ⸺ (dry goods), ih phih, 一疋, a ten cent ⸺, ih kauh, 一角.
Pig, a, ih tsak ts-loo, 一只猪獹.
Pigeon, a, ih tsak keh-°ts, 一只鴿子.
Pile, a heap, ih te, 一對.
Piled, one on top of another, dzaung, 幢.
Piles, tsaung, 樁, tsaung-mok, 樁木.
Pity, e-lien, 哀憐, within the range of ⸺, i° tuh-koo°, 意得過, beyond the range of ⸺, i°-’veh-koo°, 意勿過.
Place, di°-faung, 地方, dzang-hau°, 場化, han-deu, 壗頭, what ⸺? sa° di°-faung, 啥地方?
Place, to, °pa, 擺, faung°, 放, to be ⸺d in an embarrassing position, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
Plane, a, ih tsak bau°, 一只刨.
Plaster, to, fung, 粉.
Plate, a, ih tsak bung-°ts, 一只盆子.
Play, to, beh-siang, 孛相.
Please, °tshing, 請.
Point, tsien deu, 尖頭, at the ⸺ of, °kyi oo, 幾乎.
Point, to, °tien, 點, °ts-°tien, 指點.
Politeness, khak-chi°, 客氣.
Poor, joong, 窮, joong-°khoo, 窮苦.
Post office, sing-jok, 信局, su-sing°-°kwen, 書信館, yeu-tsung°-jok, 郵政局.
Pot, a tea ⸺, ih po dzo-‘oo, 一把茶壺.
Powder, gun, °hoo-yak, 火藥.
Power, authority, joen-ping, 權柄, ⸺, might, lih-liang°, 力量, ⸺, ability, nung-koen, 能幹, ⸺, strength, chi°-lih, 氣力.
Pray, to, jeu, 求.
Prayer, °tau-kau°, 禱告.
Preach, to, kaung-su, 講書.
Precious, °pau-pe°, 寶貝.
Prepare, to, yui°-be°, 預備.
Present, to, soong°, 送.
Pretty, tshui°, 趣, °hau-khoen°, 好看.
Price, ka°-dien, 價錢 ‘aung-dzing, 行情, what is the ⸺? sa° ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? to settle the ⸺,°kaung-ding°, 講定.
Priest, a Buddhist, ih kuh oo-zaung°, 一個和尙, a Taoist ⸺, ih kuh dau°-°z, 一個道士.
Proclamation, ih tsang kau°-°z, 一張告示, to put forth a ⸺, tsheh kau°-°z, 出告示.
Profit, iuh-tshu°, 益處, °hau-tshu°, 好處, to make a ⸺, dzan, 賺, ⸺s in business, dzan-deu, 賺頭.
Promise, iung°-°hyui, 應許.
Propriety, kwe-°kyui, 規矩.
Prosecute, to, ⸺ at law, °tang kwen-s, 打官司.
Protect, °pau-‘oo°, 保護, °pau-yeu°, 保佑.
Provide, to, yui°-be°, 預備.
Pupil, ih kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子.
Purposely, °yeu-i°, 有意, koo-i°, 故意.
Q
Quantity, a small ⸺, tien, 點.
Quarrel, to, siang-mo, 相罵.
Quarter, a ⸺ of an hour, ih khuh, 一刻.
Queue, ih diau bien-°ts, 一條辮子.
Quickly, ‘au-sau, 豪燥, khwa°-khwa°, 快快.
Quiet, to sit ⸺, °zoo-ding°, 坐定.
Quilt, a, ih diau °bi-deu, 一條被頭.
R
Railroad, a ⸺ carriage, ih boo °hoo-tsho, 一部火車.
Rain, °yui, 雨.
Rain, to, lauh-°yui, 落雨.
Rat, a, ih tsak °lau-°ts, 一只老鼠, °lau-dzoong, 老蟲.
Raw, sang, 生.
Read, to, dok, 讀.
Receipt, seu-phiau°, 收票, seu-diau, 收條.
Receive, to, zeu, 受, to ⸺ payment, seu, to ⸺ payment for a lease, seu-tsoo, 收租, to ⸺ a guest, tsih-khak, 接客.
Recently, °jung-le, 近來.
Reckon, to, soen°, 算.
Recognize, nyung°-tuh, 認得.
Recreation, to take ⸺, beh-siang, 孛相.
Red, ‘oong, 紅.
Regret, to, au-lau, 懊佬, nan-we-dzing, 難爲情.
Reject, the°, 退, the°-theh, 退脫.
Relative (family), tshing-kyoen°, 親眷.
Relax, to ⸺ the mind, san°-sing, 散心.
Rely, to ⸺ upon, khau°, 靠, khau°-thauh, 靠托, thauh, 托.
Remember, to, kyi°, 記, kyi°-tuh, 記得.
Remove, to ⸺ a residence, pen, 搬, pen-dzang, 搬場.
Rent, to, tsoo, 租, tsia°, 借.
Repair, to, sieu, 修, sieu-tsauh, 修作.
Repairs, sieu-°li, 修理.
Repent, to, hwe°-°ke, 悔改.
Reply, we-wo°, 回話, we-sing, 回信, we-deu, 回頭.
Rest, to, hyih, 歇, hyih-sih, 歇息.
Return, to, °tsen-le, 轉來, °tsen-chi°, 轉去, kyui-le, 歸來, kyui-chi°, 歸去.
Revile, to, mo°, 罵, to ⸺ one another, siang-mo°, 相罵.
Rice, hulled, °mi, 米, growing ⸺, °dau, 稻, cooked ⸺, van°, 飯, to buy ⸺, dih °mi, 糴米.
Rich, to become ⸺, fah-dze, 發財.
Ricksha, a, ih boo toong-yang-tsho, 一部東洋車, ih boo waung-pau-tsho, 一部黃包車, a ⸺ coolie, tsho foo, 車夫.
Ride, ji, 騎, to ⸺ a horse, ji °mo, 騎馬, to ⸺ in a vehicle, °zoo-tsho-°ts, 坐車子, to ⸺ in a sedan chair, °zoo-jau°-°ts, 坐轎子.
Right (direction), yeu°, 右, ⸺ hand, yeu° °seu, 右手, ⸺ side, yeu° pien, 右邊.
Ripe, zok, 熟.
Rise, to ⸺ up, lok-°chi-le, 䟿起果, to ⸺ as the tide, tsang°, 漲.
River, a, ih diau kaung, 一條江.
Road, a, ih diau loo°, 一條路.
Robber, a, ih kuh °jang-°dau, 一個強盜.
Roll, to, °kwung, 滾, °kwung-‘au°-chi°, 滾下去.
Room, a, ih kan, 一間, guest ⸺, khak-vaung-kan, 客房間, bed ⸺, vaung-kan, 房間, shroff’s ⸺, tsang°-vaung-kan, 帳房間, dining ⸺, chuh-van°-kan, 吃飯間.
Root, kung, 根.
Rope, a, ih diau zung, 一條繩.
Rough, mau, 毛.
Round, yoen, 圆.
Row, classifier of things, da°, 埭, a ⸺ of trees, ih da° zu, 一埭樹.
Rumours, yau-yien, 謡言, to start a ⸺, zau-yau-yien, 造謠言.
Run, to ⸺, bau, 跑, to ⸺ (as water), lieu, 流, to ⸺ about, bau-le-bau-chi, 跑來 跑去.
Russia, Ngoo-kok, 俄國.
Russian, ngoo-kok-nyung, 俄國人.
S
Safe, °‘wung-taung, 穩當.
Sail, a, ih sen° boong, 一扇蓬.
Sail, to, ‘ang zen, 行船, khe zen, 開船.
Sake, for the ⸺ of, we°, 爲, we°-ts, 爲之.
Salary, sok-sieu, 束修, sing-foong, 薪俸, sing-°soe, 薪水.
Salt (noun) yien, 鹽, (adj.), ‘an, 鹹.
Same, ih yang°, 一樣, siang-doong, 相同.
Satin, doen°-°ts, 緞子.
Saturday, °li-pa°-lok, 禮拜六.
Saucer, a, ih tsak dzo bung-°ts, 一只茶盆子.
Save, to, kyeu°, 救, to ⸺ life, kyeu°-ming°, 救命, to ⸺ time, °sang-koong-foo, 省功夫, to ⸺ money, °sang, 省, °sang doong-dien, 省銅錢, tsoo° nyung-ka, 做人家.
Saw, a, ih °po ke°-°ts, 一把鋸子, ka°, 解, zih, 截.
Say, to, wo°, 話, ⸺ to him, te° yi wo°, 對伊話, kau° soo° yi, 告訴伊, nothing to ⸺, m-sa° wo°-deu, 無啥話頭.
Scald, to, thaung°, 烫.
Scales, balance, thien-bing, 天平.
Scholar, ih kuh ‘auh-sang-°ts, 一個學生子, a learned man, dok-su-nyung, 讀書人.
School, a, ih kuh ‘auh-daung, 一個學堂, to open ⸺, khe-‘auh, 開學, to dismiss ⸺, faung-‘auh, 放學.
Scissors, a pair of, ih po tsien-tau, 一把剪子.
Scorch, to, hyuin, 燻, tsiau, 焦.
Screen, a, ih sen° bing-foong, 一扇屏風.
Sea, °he, 海.
Seal, to ⸺ a letter, foong, 封.
Season, a, kyi°, 季, the four ⸺s, s°-kyi°, 四季.
Seat, a, zoo°-we°, 坐位, please take a ⸺, °tshing °zoo, 請坐.
Second, the, di° nyi°, 第二.
Secretly, ‘en°-‘en-°li, 暗喑裏, theu-ben°-ts, 倫伴之.
Secure, °‘wung-taung°, 穩當, bing-oen, 平安.
Sedan, a ⸺ chair, ih °ting jau°-°ts, 一頂轎子, a coolie, jau°-pan, 轎班, jau°-foo, 轎夫.
See, to, khoen, 看, khoen-kyien°, 看見.
Seek, to, zing, 尋.
Seize, to, tsauh, 捉, nau, 拿.
Self, z°-ka, 自家.
Sell, to, ma°, 賣, ma°-theh, 賣脫.
Send, to, soong, 送, to ⸺ a person, tsha, 差, to ⸺ a letter, kyi°, 寄.
Sentence, a, ih kyui° seh-wo°, 一句說話.
Separate, to, fung, 分, fung-khe, 分開, li-khe, 離開, fung-bih, 分別.
Servant, a, ih kuh yoong°-nyung, 一個用人.
Settle, to ⸺ the price, °kaung-ding°, 講定.
Seven, tshih, 七.
Seventy, tshih-seh, 七十.
Sew, to, ling, 紉.
Shall, iau°, 要, pih-iau°, 必要.
Shallow, °tshien, 淺.
Shameful, than-°tshoong, 攤寵.
Shanghai, °Zaung-°he, 上海.
Sharp, khwa°, 快.
Sharpen, to, moo, 磨.
She, yi, 伊.
Sheep, yang, 羊.
Sheet, a, ih diau °bi-tan, 一條被單, a ⸺ of paper, ih tsang °ts-deu, 一張紙頭.
Ship, zen, 船.
Shirting, a piece of, ih phih yang-poo°, 一疋洋布.
Shoes, a pair of, ih saung ‘a-°ts, 一雙鞋子.
Shoot, to ⸺ with a gun, faung°, 放, to ⸺ birds, °tang tiau, 打窵.
Shop, a, ih ban tien°, 一爿店, a tea ⸺, ih ban dzo-kwen°, 一爿茶館.
Shore, ngoen°, 岸, to go on ⸺, °zaung ngoen, 上岸.
Short, °toen, 短, a ⸺ time, ih hyih koong-foo, 一歇功夫.
Should, khau-°i, 可以, iung-ke, 應該.
Shroff, a, seu yang-dien kuh, 收洋鈿個, a ⸺’s room, ih kan tsang°-vaung-kan, 一間帳房間.
Shut, to, kwan, 關.
Sick, °yeu bing°, 有病.
Side, pien, 邊, pien-deu, 邊頭, baung-pien, 旁邊, right ⸺, yeu° pien, 右邊, left ⸺, tsi°-pien, 左邊.
Sign, a, kyi°-‘au°, 記號, ‘au°, 號.
Silk, s, 絲, dzeu, 綢.
Silver, nyung-°ts, 銀子.
Sin, °dzoe, 罪, °dzoe-nyih, 罪孽.
Since, kyi-zen, 旣然, °i-°‘eu, 以後, ⸺ it is so, kyi-zeu zeh-ke°, 旣然實蓋, ⸺ then, di°-kuh °i-°‘eu, 第個以後.
Single, tan, 單, dok, 獨.
Sink, to, dzung-°‘au-chi°, 沉下去.
Sister, older, ah-°tsi, 阿姊, younger ⸺, °tsi-me°, 姊妹, me°-me°, 妹妹.
Sit, to, °zoo, 坐, to ⸺ down, °zoo °zoo, 坐坐, to ⸺ quiet, °zoo-ding, 坐定.
Six, lok, 六.
Sixty, lok-seh, 六十.
Size, doo°-°siau, 大小.
Skin, bi, 皮.
Sky, thien, 天.
Slack, water, bing-°s, 平水.
Slander, to, wo°-°liau, 話𣩢, hwe°-°paung, 毀謗, wo°-°wa, 話壊.
Sleep, to, khwung°, 睏.
Slippery, wah, 滑.
Slow, man°, 慢, ⸺ly, man°-man°-nung, 慢慢能, to walk ⸺, man°-man°-nung-°tseu, 慢慢能走.
Small, °siau, 小, very ⸺, ih ngan-ngan doo°, 一顏顏大, a ⸺ quantity of, tien, 點, °yeu-°yien, 有限, ⸺ money, °siau kauh-°ts, 小角子, °siau yang-dien, 小洋鈿.
Smash, to, se°, 碎, °tang-se°, 打碎, khau-se°, 敲碎.
Smoke, ien, 烟, to ⸺ meat, hyuin, 燻, to ⸺ tobacco, chuh-ien, 吃烟.
Smooth, kwaung, 光.
Snake, ih diau-zo, 一條蛇.
Snow, sih, 雪, lauh sih, 落雪.
So, zeh-ke, 實蓋, ⸺ that, °i-ts°, 以至, about ⸺, tsho-’veh-too, 差勿多.
Soap, bi-zau°, 皮皂.
Socks, a pair of, ih saung mah, 一雙襪.
Soft, °nyoen, 軟.
Soldier, a, ih kuh ping-ting, 一個兵丁.
Some, °yeu kuh, 有個, °kyi-kuh, 幾個.
Somebody, °yeu nyung, 有人.
Somehow, dzoe-bien° na°-nung, 隨便那能.
Sometimes, dzang-z, 常時, °yeu kuh z-°eu, 有個時候.
Son, ih kuh nyi-°ts, 一個兒子, ih kuh ‘eu-°ts, 一個兒子, your ⸺, ling°-laung, 令郞, my ⸺, siau-noen, 小囝.
Soochow, Soo-tseu, 蘇州.
Soon, °tsau, 早, ’veh too ih-hyih, 勿多一歇.
Sorrow, ieu-dzeu, 憂愁.
Sort, ih yang, 一樣, ih le, 一類.
Sound, sung-iung, 聲音.
Soup, thaung, 湯.
South, nen, 南, ⸺ east, toong-nen, 東南, ⸺ west, si-nen, 西南.
Southern, nen-pien, 南邊.
Sparrow, ih tsak moo-tshiak, 一只麻雀, ih tsak moo-tshiang, 一只麻將.
Speak, to, wo°, 話, bak-wo°, 白話.
Spectacles, a pair of ⸺, ih foo° °ngan-kyung°, 一副眼鏡.
Split, to, phih, 劈.
Spoil, to, wa°, 壞, wa°-theh, 壞脫.
Spoon, ih °po tshau, 一把鈔.
Spring, tshung, 春, tshung-kyi°, 春季.
Square, faung, 方.
Squirrel, ih tsak soong-su° (tshu), 一只松鼠.
Stairs, voo-thi, 扶梯.
Stamp (postage), nyung-deu, 人頭, or yeu-phiau, 郵票.
Stand, to, lih, 立, ⸺ still, lih-ding°, 立定, ⸺ up, lih-chi-le, 立起來.
Star, ih kuh sing, 一個星.
Start, to commence, khe° °seu, 開手, to ⸺ on a journey, °doong-sung, 動身, to ⸺ a boat, khe° zen, 開船, to ⸺ a rumour, zau yau-yien, 造謠言, to ⸺ a fire, sang-°hoo, 生火.
Stay, to, tung-la°, 等拉, dzu, 住, to ⸺ with a person, be, 陪.
Steal, to, theu, 偷.
Steam, a ⸺ boat, ih tsak °hoo-lung-zen, 一只火輪船.
Step, a, ih boo°, 一步.
Stick, a, ih kung °baung, 一根棒.
Still, yet, wan, 還, dzung-jeu°, 仍舊, ⸺ more, kung°-°ka, 更加, yoeh-°ka, 越加, ⸺ (not yet), wan-’veh-zun, 還勿曾.
Sting, to, ting, 叮.
Stitch, to, ling 紉, to take a ⸺, ling-ih-tsung, 紉一針.
Stockings, a pair of ⸺, ih saung mah, 一雙襪.
Stone, a, ih khwe° zak-deu, 一塊石頭, a ⸺ mason, ih kuh zak-ziang°, 一個石匠.
Stool, a, ih tsak ngeh-°ts, 一只杌子.
Stop, to, ding, 停, ⸺ a minute, ding-ih-ding, 停一停.
Story, classifier for stories of a house, dzung, 層.
Stove, a, ih tsak °hoo-loo, 一只火爐, a cooking ⸺ (foreign), ih tsak thih-tsau, 一只鐵竈, a cooking ⸺ (Chinese), ih tsak tsau-deu, 一只竈頭.
Street, ih diau ka, 一條街.
Strike, to, °tang, 打, khau, 敲, to ⸺ against, bang°-dzak, 碰着, to ⸺ a match, wak, 劃, to injure by ⸺ing, °tang-wa°, 打壞.
String, to (as cash), tshen, 穿.
Study, a, ih kan su-vaung, 一間書房, dok, 讀, dok su, 讀書.
Such, zek-ke, 實蓋.
Suddenly, hweh-zen, 忽然.
Suffer, to, °zeu-°khoo, 受苦, °zeu-nan°, 受難, to ⸺ an injury, °zeu-‘e°, 受害, to ⸺ a defeat, °tang-su, 打輸, °tang-ba°-tsang°, 打敗仗, °tang-ba° 打敗.
Sufficient, keu°-z°, 殼事, keu°-z°-tse, 殼事哉, °yeu-tse, 有哉.
Sugar, daung, 糖.
Summer, ‘au°, 夏, ‘au°-kyi, 夏季.
Sun, nyih-deu, 日頭.
Sunday, °li-pa°-nyih, 禮拜日.
Supper, ya°-van°, 夜飯.
Suppose, °khoong-pho, 恐怕.
Suppose, to, or to think, tau-nyung-ts, 倒認之.
Surprised, to be, hyi-ji, 希奇.
Swallow, a, ih tsak ien°-°ts, 一只燕子.
Sweet, dien, 甜.
Sword, a, ih °po tau, 一把刀.
T
Table, a, ih tsak de-°ts, 一只檯子, a dining ⸺, chuh-van° de-°ts, 吃飯檯子, a ⸺ boy, ih kuh si°-tse°, 一個西崽.
Tablet, a Chinese ink ⸺, ih kuh nyien-°ts, 一個硯池, ih kuh nyien-de, 一個硯台.
Tailor, ih kuh ze-voong, 一個裁縫.
Take, to, tan, 担, nau, 拿, to ⸺ (by force), tshiang, 搶, tshiang-doeh, 搶奪, to ⸺ away, tan-chi, 担去, nau-chi, 拿去, to ⸺ off (remove), nau-theh, 拿脫, to ⸺ off (clothes), thoeh, 脫, thoeh-thoeh, 脫脫, to ⸺ off (hat), dzu, 除, to ⸺ hold of, nyah, 揑, to ⸺ with one, ta°-chi, 帶去, to ⸺ care, °taung-sing, 當心, °siau-sing, 小心, to ⸺ great care, too° °taung-sing, 多當心, to ⸺ a wife, °thau nyang-°ts, 討娘子.
Talk, to, wo°, 話, bak-wo°, 白話, to ⸺ to, te° (yi) wo°, 對(伊)話.
Tall, dzang, 長.
Taoist, a ⸺ priest, dau°-°z, 道士, a ⸺ idol or god, ih tsung zung-dau, 一尊神道.
Tea, dzo, 茶, a box of ⸺, ih siang dzo-yih, 一箱茶葉, a ⸺ shop, ih ban dzo-kwen, 一爿茶館, ih po° dzo-°oo, 一把茶壺.
Teach, to, kau°, 敎, a ⸺er, ih kuh sien-sang, 一個先生.
Tell, to, kau°-soo°, 告訴.
Temperature, °lang-nyih, 冷熱.
Temple, ih zoo° miau, 一座廟.
Ten, zeh, 十, a ⸺ cent piece, ih kauh, 一角.
Texture, tshoo-si°, 粗細.
Than, °pi, 比, more ⸺, ’veh °ba, 勿罷.
Thank, to, zia, 謝.
That, i-kuh, 伊個.
Thee, noong°, 儂.
Their, theirs, yi-la°-kuh, 伊拉個.
Them, yi-la°, 伊拉.
Then, nan-meh, 難末.
There, leh-la, 垃拉, i-deu, 伊頭, i-khwe°, 伊塊, ⸺ is, yeu, 有.
Therefore, °soo-i, 所以, keh-lau, 蓋佬.
These, di-kuh, 第個.
They, yi-la°, 伊拉.
Thick, (not thin), °‘eu, 厚.
Thickness, °‘eu-bok, 厚薄.
Thief, ih kuh zuh, 一個賊.
Thin, bok, 薄, ⸺ (in reference to person) seu, 瘦.
Thine, noong°-kuh, 儂個.
Thing (concrete), ih kuh meh-z°, 一個物事, ⸺ (an affair), z°-°thi, 事體, ⸺s of every sort, yaug°-yang°, 樣樣.
Think, to, °siang, 想.
Thirty, san-seh, 三十.
This, di°-kuh, 第個.
Those, i-kuh, 伊個.
Thou, noong°, 儂.
Though, soe-zen, 雖然.
Thought, i°-s°, 意思.
Thousand, ih tshien, 一千.
Thread, a, sien, 線, to ⸺ a needle, tshen °yung-sien°, 穿引線.
Three, san, 三.
Through, koo, 過.
Throw, to, tieu, 丢.
Thursday, °li-pa°-s°, 禮拜四.
Thus, zeh-ke°, 實蓋, zeh-ke°-nung, 實蓋能.
Thy, noong°-kuh, 儂個.
Tide, dzau, 潮, dzau-°s, 潮水, ⸺ flowing in, tsang°-°s, 漲水, ⸺ flowing out, lauh-°s, 落水.
Tie, to, vok, 縛, to ⸺ (a small parcel), tsah, 糺, to ⸺ up, paung, 綁, to ⸺ firmly, vok lau, 縛牢, vok lau dzu°, 縛牢住.
Tiger, ih tsak °lau-°hoo, 一只老虎.
Timber, a pile of ⸺, ih te mok-deu, 一堆木頭.
Time, z-‘eu°, 時候, zung-kwaung, 晨光, koong-foo, 功夫, what —?, °kyi °tien-tsoong, 幾點鐘, a long ⸺, dzang-°yoen, 長遠, dzang-°yoen-tse, 長遠哉, ta-z-tse, 多時哉.
Tin, sih, 錫.
Tired, sa-doo, 弛瘏.
To, tau°, 到, say ⸺ him, te yi wo°, 對伊話, give (it) ⸺ me, peh ngoo, 撥我, ⸺ and fro, le-le chi°-chi°, 來來去去, ⸺ no purpose, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
Tobacco, ien, 烟.
To-day, kyung-tsau, 今朝.
Toe, a, ih tsak kyak-tsih-deu, 一只脚指頭.
Together, da ka, 大家, ih dau, 一淘, ih doong, 一同.
To-morrow, ming-tsau, 明朝.
Tongue, zeh-deu, 舌頭.
To-night, kyung-ya°, 今夜.
Too, thuh, 忒.
Tools, a set of, ih foo ka°-sang, 一副傢生.
Touch, to, mok, 摸.
Towards, tau°, 到.
Towel, ih diau °seu-kyung, 一條手巾.
Town, dzung, 城.
Travel, to, ‘ang, 行.
Treat, °de, 待, to ⸺ rudely, de°-man°, 待慢.
Tree, a, ih khoo zu°, 一棵樹.
Tricky, diau°-bi, 調皮.
Trousers, khoo°-°ts, 褲子.
True, tsung, 眞,°lau-zeh, 老實.
Truly, zeh-dze, 實在.
Trunk, a, ih tsak siang-°ts, 一只箱子.
Trust, to, khau°, 靠, thauh, 託, worthy to be ⸺ed, khau°-tuh-dzu, 靠得住, unworthy to be ⸺ed, khau°-’veh-dzu, 靠勿住.
Try, to, s°-s°-khoen, 試試看.
Tub, doong, 桶.
Tubular, classifier for ⸺ things, kwen, 管.
Tuesday, °li-pa°-nyi°, 禮拜二.
Turn, to, tsen, 轉, zien-°tsen-le, 旋轉來, to ⸺ over, fan, 翻, fan °tsen-le, 翻轉來, to ⸺ around, zien, 旋, zien °tsen le, 旋轉來.
Twelve, zeh-nyi°, 十二.
Twenty, nyan°, 廿.
Twice, °liang-we, 兩回, °liang-thaung, 兩 [C3].
Two, nyi°, 二 °liang, 兩.
U
Ugly, pho°, 怕, pho°-le, 怕來.
Umbrella, an, ih po° san°, 一把傘.
Unable, ’veh nung-keu, 勿能殻.
Under, ti-°‘au, 底下.
Understand, to, °toong, 懂, ming-bak, 明白, °hyau-tuh, 曉得.
Universal, °phoo-thien-°‘au, 普天下, ‘eh-thien-°‘au, 合天下.
Unmarried, an ⸺ woman, °siau-tsia, 小姐.
Unripe, sang, 生.
Unroll, to, than-khe-le, 攤開來.
Unstable, °doong °lau °doong, 動佬動.
Until, dzuh-tau°, 直到, °tung-tau°, 等到.
Up, °zaung, 上.
Upon, la° laung°, 拉上.
Upset, °tang-fan, 打翻.
Us, °ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, nyi°, 伲.
Use, to, yoong°, 用.
Useful, °yeu yoong°-deu, 有用頭.
Useless, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
V
Vain, in ⸺, bak-bak-li, 白白裏.
Value, (price), ka°-dien, 價錢.
Variegated (colours), °ng-ngan-lok-suh, 五顏六色.
Vegetables, tshe°, 菜, ⸺ (served on table), °siau-tshe°, 小菜.
Vegetation (general), hwo-°tshau-zu°-mok, 花草樹木.
Venerable, °lau, 老.
Very, ’man, 蠻, tsoe, 最, °ting, 頂.
Victory, to gain a ⸺, °tang-sung°-tsang, 打勝仗, °tang-yung, 打赢.
Visit, to, maung°, 望, pa° maung°, 拜望, to return a ⸺, we pa°, 回拜, wan pa°, 還拜, to pay ceremonial ⸺, pa° khak, 拜客.
Visitor, a, ih we khak-nyung, 一位客人.
W
Wages, koong-dien, 工錢.
Wait, to, °tung, 等, ⸺ a minute, °tung-ih-°tung, 等一等, hyih-ih-liyih, 歇一歇, °tung-ih-hyih, 等一歇.
Walk, to, °tseu, 走, °tseu-loo°, 走路, to ⸺ slowly, man°-man°-ts-tseu°, 慢慢之走.
Wall, ziang, 墻, build a ⸺, tshi°, 砌, tshi° ziang, 砌墻.
Want, to, iau°, 要.
Warm, °noen-nyih, 暖熱.
Wash, to, zing, 淨, to ⸺ the face, kha mien°, 揩面.
Washbasin, or bowl, a, ih tsak mien°-bung, 一只面盆.
Washerman, zing°-i-zaung-kuh, 淨衣裳 個, da°-i-zaung-kuh, 汏衣裳個.
Washstand, ih tsak kha-mien° de-°ts, 一只揩而檯子.
Waste, to, saung, 喪, fi, 費, fi-theh, 費脫.
Watch, a, ih tsak piau, 一只錶.
Water, °s, 水, a bucket of ⸺, ih doong °s, 一桶水, boiling ⸺, khe °s, 開水, hot ⸺, nyih °s, 熱水, cold ⸺, °lang °s, 冷水, a ⸺ buffalo, ih tsak °s-nyeu, 一只水牛.
Way, loo, 路.
We, °ngoo-nyi°, 我伲, nyi°, 伲.
Wear, to, tsak, 着, to ⸺ a hat, ta° mau-°ts, 戴帽子.
Weasel, ih tsak waung-laung, 一只黃狼.
Wednesday, °li-pa°-san, 禮拜三.
Week, a, ih °li-pa°, 一禮拜.
Weigh, to, tshung, 稱.
Weight, chung-dzoong, 輕重.
Welcome, to, (guest), nyung-tsih, 迎接.
Well a, ih °kheu °tsing, 一口井, hau, 好.
West, the, si, 西, si-pien, 西邊.
Wet, sak, 濕.
What, sa°, 啥, sa°-kuh, 啥個, na°-nung, 那能, ⸺ is the matter? sa°-z°-°thi, 啥事體? ⸺ is the price? sa° ka°-dien, 啥價錢? sa° ‘aung-dzing, 啥行情? ⸺ is your honorable name? tsung-sing° da°-ming, 尊姓大名? ⸺ is your honorable age? kwe°-kang too-°sau, 貴庚多少? °kyi-hau° kwe°-kang, 幾化貴庚?
Whatever, whatsoever, ’veh lung° sa°, 勿論啥, dzoe-bien° sa°, 随便啥,’veh kyui-sa°, 勿拘啥, ⸺ time you please, dzoe bien° kyi-z, 隨便幾時.
Wheat, mak, 麥.
Wheelbarrow, a, ih boo tsho-°ts, 一部車子, °siau-tsho, 小車.
When, °kyi-z, 幾時, sa° z-‘eu°, 啥時候.
Whence, ‘a-li, 那裏, sa°-di°-faung, 啥地方, sa° dzang-hau°, 啥場化, sa° °‘oo-daung°, 啥戶蕩.
Which, °‘a-li, 那裏, °soo, 所.
Whichever, dzoe-bien°, 隨便.
White, bak, 白.
Who, sa° nyung? 啥人, (relative), °soo, 所.
Whole, the ⸺ of a thing, ih tshih, 一切.
Whosoever, van-i°, 凡係.
Why, we°-sa, 爲啥, we°-sa°-°lau, 爲啥佬.
Wicked, auh, 惡.
Wide, khweh, 闊.
Wife, to marry a ⸺, °thau-nyang-°ts, 討娘子, a husband and ⸺, ih te° foo-tshi, 一對夫妻.
Will, the, °tsu-°i, 主意, ⸺, auxiliary, iau°, 要, tsiang-iau°, 將要.
Willing, to be, °khung, 肯.
Wind, foong, 風.
Window, a, ih sen° tshaung, 一扇窗.
Wine, °tsieu, 酒, a ⸺ shop, ih ban °tsieu-°tien, 一爿酒店.
Winter, toong, 冬.
Wipe, to, kha, 揩.
Wise, tshoong-ming, 聴明.
Wish, to, iau°, 要.
With, tah, 搭, doong, 同, ih dau, 一淘.
Wolf, ih tsak za-laung, 一只豺狼.
Woman, °nyui-nyung, 女人, unmarried ⸺, °siau-tsia, 小姐.
Wonder, to, hyi-ji, 希奇.
Wood, mok-deu, 木頭.
Word, seh-wo°, 說話, wo°-deu, 話頭.
Work, koong-foo, 功夫, sang-weh, 生活, to commence ⸺, °doong-°seu, 動手, khe-kong, 開工, tsoo sang-weh, 做生活.
Worship, to, pa°, 拜.
Wound, to, °tang-saung, 打傷, to be ⸺ed, °zeu-saung, 受傷.
Write, to, °sia, 寫.
Y
Ye, na°, 㑚.
Year, a, ih nyien, 一年, half a ⸺, pen-nyien, 半年, this ⸺, kyung-nyien, 今年, last ⸺, °jeu nyien, 舊年, next ⸺, khe-nyien, 開年, ming-nyien, 明年, le-nyien, 來年, New ⸺, sing-nyien, 新年, New ⸺’s day, nyien tshoo ih, 年初一, every ⸺, nyien-nyien, 年年, °’me-nyien, 每年, the end of the ⸺, nyien-ya°, 年夜, nyien-°ti, 年底, at the beginning of the ⸺, nyieu deu laung, 年頭上, to pass from the old ⸺ to the new, koo-nyien, 過年.
Yellow, waung, 黃.
Yes, °z-kuh, 是個.
Yesterday, zau° nyih, 昨日, day before ⸺, koo°-nyih-°ts, 過日子, zien-nyih-°ts, 前日子, i-nyih-°ts, 伊日子.
Yet, dzung-jeu, 仍舊, not ⸺, ’veh zung, 勿曾, still not ⸺, wan ’veh zung 還勿曾.
You, noong°, 儂, (pl.), na°, 㑚.
Your, yours, noong-kuh, 儂個, (pl.), na°-kuh, 㑚個.