INDEX

Abortion caused by lead, 35

Absorption of lead: cutaneous, 25; from lung, 23; gastric, 19; intestinal, 21, 22; in liver, 24; mechanism of, 20; prevention of, from stomach, 23

Accumulators. See Electric accumulators

Acetate of lead, poisoning by, 94

Acetic acid, solvent action of, on lead oxide, 15

Acid lemonade, 185

Acidity, gastric contents, 15

Action of lead: on gold and silver, 3; on water, 3

Acute encephalopathy, 54, 95

Acute lead poisoning, 110, 111

Acute nephritis, 60, 131

Aerographing, 272, 280

Ætiology of lead poisoning, 7

Age as affecting lead poisoning, 35, 239

Akremnin soap, 238

Albuminate of lead, preparation of, 17

Albuminuria, 128

Albuminuric retinitis, 160

Alcohol: as predisposing cause, 37, 64; gastritis and plumbism, 64; in experimental poisoning, 85; similar effect to lead on kidney, 131

Alteration in blood-corpuscles in lead anæmia, 133

Alternation of employment, 34, 251

Amaurosis, 70, 160

Amblyopia, 76

Amenorrhœa, 36

Anæmia, 39, 112, 132, 136, 227; treatment of, 190

Anemometers, 219

Antibrachial paralysis, 144, 148

Antimony, effect of, on lead fume, 199

Appointed surgeon, 112, 221

Aran-Duchenne paralysis, 149

Armit, nickel poisoning, 11

Arsenic: Cloetta’s experiments, 24; excretion of, in fæces, 24

Arterio-sclerosis, 116

Arthralgia, 50, 161

Arthritis, 40

Artificial gastric juice, action of, 17

Atrophic nerve changes, 69

Attack rate from lead poisoning (table), 55

Autopsy, points to be noted in, 162

Bacup epidemic, 4

Basophile granules, 77, 133, 135, 179

Baths, 238

Blood: action of lead salts on, 2; in lead poisoning, 70, 78, 134, 179; pressure, 116, 180; vessels, 68, 70, 75

Blue line, 122, 123, 128, 226; experimental production of, 41, 124; from diachylon, 13

Brachial paralysis, 148

Brain, analysis of, 96

Brass, presence of lead in, 263

Brassworkers and plumbism, 51, 263

Breathing experiments, 81

Bright’s disease and lead poisoning, 60

Burtonian line. See Blue line

Carbon in lung, 11

Card system, use of, 186

Central nervous system, 69, 157; treatment, 196

Cerebral symptoms, 51, 157

Certifying surgeons, reports of, 45, 221

Chandelier fitters, poisoning among, 264

Channels of lead absorption, 8

Chemical analysis of brain, 95

Chemical characters of lead salts, 4

Chemical diagnosis, 166

Chemical examination of organs, 163

Chemistry of lead, 2

Choroidal atrophy, 161

Chromate of lead in yarn-dyeing, 298

Chrome colours, 287

Chronic colic, 119

Circulatory system, 75, 137

Cirrhosis of kidney, 74

Coach-painting, 288; dust in atmosphere breathed, 205; leadless paints, 290; reported cases from, 289; sandpapering in, 289

Colic, 116, 117, 118, 119, 188, 190; differential diagnosis, 188; treatment of, 187

Colloidal lead, 5

Colon, palpation of, 126

Colours, 285

Comparative mortality, 59

Conjunctiva in lead anæmia, 132

Constipation, 115

Copper extraction, plumbism in, 246

Cutaneous absorption, 25

Death certificates in plumbism, 57

Degeneration of blood vessels, 68

Determination of lead in urine, 169

Diachylon, 13

Diagnosis: from chemical analysis, 166; of lead colic, 120, 188

Diarrhœa, 115

Differential count in lead anæmia, 134, 137, 180

Digestion experiments, 16, 17

Drink for lead-workers, 186

Drugs in lead colic, 189

Duration of employment and plumbism, 52

Dust, lead: amount of, in air breathed, 199, 207; chief cause of plumbism, 10; “laying,” difficulties of, 11; rate of settling, 7; respirators for, 207

Dysmenorrhœa, 36

Earthenware: and china, 270; attack rate, 56; decorative processes, 272; dust in atmosphere, 204, 206; glaze processes, 272; leadless glaze, 274; low solubility glaze, 274; Potteries Committee on, recommendations of, 275; reported cases in (table), 271

Electric accumulators, 281; reported plumbism in, 283; ventilation in, 216

Electrical reactions, 151, 153, 154

Electrical treatment, 194

Electro-chemical tests, 168

Electrolytic estimation of lead, 174; reactions, 5

Enamelling (vitreous), 278; aerographing in, 280; use of leadless colours in, 278

Encephalitis, case of chronic, 71

Encephalopathy, 54, 68, 71, 157

Estimation of lead: in digestion, difficulties of, 18; in urine, 169, 170, 175

Excretion: of arsenic, 24; of lead salts, 32, 127, 128

Excretory system, 72

Exhaust ventilation. See Ventilation

Experimental lead poisoning: pathology of, 81; post-mortem findings, 91; symptoms, 69, 89, 103

Experimental arsenic poisoning, 24

Experimental results, summary, 104

Eye changes, 76, 150, 158

Facial nerve, paralysis of, 195

Fæces: examination for lead in, 182; lead in, 32, 64

Family susceptibility, 30

Fans. See Ventilation

Faradism for paralysis, 195

File-cutting, 256; atrophy of muscles in, 52, 257; reported cases in, 258

File-hardening, 258; lead fume from, 200, 201; use of fused metallic salts for, 258

Forms of paralysis, 54, 142

Fritted lead: action of water on, 89; poisoning, 34, 97; solubility test, 14

Fume (lead) in atmosphere breathed, 198, 207

Gastric absorption, 19, 21, 22

Gastric digestion, artificial, 17

Gastric juice, action on lead salts, 15, 16

Gastritis in plumbism, 65

Gastro-intestinal absorption, 12, 13, 64

Generalized paralysis, 151

Glass-cutting, 283

Glaze, 272; leadless, 274; low solubility, 274

Gout, 38

Hæmatoporphyrin, 180, 182

Hæmoglobin, 113, 132

Hæmorrhages in plumbism, 76

Hæmostatic action of lead salts, 2

Hair lotions, poisoning from, 13

Harness furniture, tinning of, 259

Headache, 120

Health Register, 228

Heart, 139, 193

Heart symptoms, 193

Heat, exhaust by, 208

Histological examination of lead tissues, 163, 176

Histology: of experimental poisoning, 92; of nervous system, 67

House-painting, 291; regulations for, 293; reported plumbism in, 291

Hunter, John, “dry bellyache” from rum, 1

Hyperæsthesia, 161

Immunity, 27, 29, 113

Incipient symptoms, 112, 222

India-rubber, manufacture of, 301

Inhalation experiments (table), 101

Inoculation experiments, 83, 88, 99

Instruction of worker, 240

Interstitial nephritis, 130

Intestinal absorption, 22, 94

Intestinal staining, 21, 94, 125

Iodine in plumbism, 192

Ionization in paralysis, 195

Iron drums, tinning of, 260

Italians and lead poisoning, 30

Kidney: changes, 73, 74, 129; excretion of lead by, 128; interstitial hæmorrhages, 130

Lactic acid, solvent action of, 15

Large intestine and lead absorption, 21

Lavatories, 235, 238

Lead: compounds, 7; fume and dust in atmosphere, 198-207; in urine, 129, 167; melting-point, 2, 199

Lead bed in file-cutting, 257

Lead burning, 262; in electric accumulators, 283

Lead chloride in tinning, 200

Lead dust: minimal toxic dose, 31, 207; rate of settling, 7; size of particles, 12

Lead fume in tinning, 202

Lead oxide, danger from skimming, 200

Lead piping, 251

Lead poisoning: acute, 110; mortality, 57; entry of poison, 8

Lead silicate, 34

Lead smelting: and silver refining, 242; analysis of fumes in, 246; cupellation process, 246; Huntingdon-Heberlein process, 243; in blast furnace, 243; Parkes’s process, 244; Pattinson process, 245; reported plumbism, 248

Leadless glaze, 274

Leadless paints, 291

Lead salts: action on blood, 2; action of gastric juice on, 16, 17

Lemonade, sulphuric acid, 185

Letterpress printing. See Printing

Litharge, manufacture of, 250

Lithopone, 291, 292

Litho-transfers, 277

Liver, absorption by, 24

Loss of fat in plumbism, 112

Lumbago, 115, 192

Lung: absorption by, 98; phagocytic absorption of lead, 23

Meal-rooms, requirements of, 234

Mechanism of lead absorption, 20

Medical examination, periodical, 115, 221-229

Medical Health Register, 228

Medical practitioners and notification, 44

Melting-point of lead, 2, 199

Menorrhagia, 36

Mental symptoms, 114, 121, 158

Metallic capsules, 297

Metallic taste, 127

Micro-chemical tests, 167

Molten lead, contact with, 297

Mortality figures, 59

Motor-cars. See Coach-painting

Muscles paralyzed in experimental poisoning, 144

Muscular system, affections of, 114-161

Nephritis, 192

Nervous symptoms, 66, 67, 140; treatment, 193

Neuritis, peripheral, 66, 67

Nickel carbonyl poisoning via lung, 11

Normal lead, 33

Notification of plumbism, 44

Œdema of brain, 159

Olive oil in colic, 189

Ophthalmoscopic examination, 160

Oral sepsis, 38

Orange chrome, 299

Organic mixtures, lead in, 173

Organic compounds of lead, 5

Organs of generation, effect on, 36

Overalls and head coverings, 230

Oxides of lead, 3, 249

Painters and lead poisoning, 107 See also House-painting

Paints: and colours, manufacture of, 285; leadless, 29, 291

Pancreatic digestion, action of, 17

Paralysis: in animals, 14; electrical reactions in, 181; forms of, 64, 66, 142; general, 151; in file-cutters, 152; insidious onset of, 114; of special sense organs, 150; prognosis of, 197; statistics of, 53

Parotitis, 127

Pathology of lead poisoning, 62

“Pentarcomb” exhaust, 217, 254

Peptonate of lead, 18

Peptone, solvent action of, 19

Perambulators, painting of, 290

Perihepatitis, 264

Peripheral neuritis, 266

Peritonitis, saturnine, 65

Peroneal paralysis, 149

Phagocytosis of lead particles, 20

Phthisis: in printing, 256; not a sequela, 60

Physiology of digestion, 16

Plumbing, 261

Plumbism, reported cases (1900-1909), 46, 47

Plumbo-solvency of water, 4

Porcelain enamelling, 278

Post-mortem signs, 91, 161

Potassium iodide, action of, 32, 191

Pottery. See Earthenware

Predisposing causes, 36, 42

Presaturnine state, 184

Preventive measures: age of employment, 239; baths, 238; cloakroom, 231; exhaust ventilation, 207; floors, 240; food, 86; head coverings, 231; instruction of worker, 240; meal-room, 234; overalls, 230; periodical examination, 221; separation of processes, 239; washing accommodation, 235

Printing: compositors’ work, 255; linotype machine, 200, 211, 217, 253; reported cases from, 252; stereo-casting, 254; type-casting, 252

Prodromal symptoms: of colic, 118; of paralysis, 141

Prognosis in lead poisoning, 197

Progressive spinal muscular atrophy, 68

Pulse-rate, alteration of, 76, 115, 118

Purgatives in lead colic, 188

Putty powder, 283

Pyorrhœa alveolaris as predisposing cause, 40, 124

Qualitative tests, 166

Quantitative estimation of lead, 170

Reactions of degeneration, 152

Red lead: manufacture of, 249; reported attacks in, 249

Relative toxic dose of lead compounds, 105

Repairs in factory as cause of plumbism, 10

Respirators, inefficiency of, 217

Respiratory absorption, 9

Rheumatic pains, 121, 161, 192

Safes, painting of, 290

Salivary glands and excretion of lead, 125

“Selective” action of lead on nerves, 147

Sequelæ of lead poisoning, 57, 60

Sex as affecting susceptibility, 35

Sheet lead, 241

Shipbuilding, 295; reported plumbism, 295

Shot-making, 298

Silicates of lead, 34

Silver refining. See Lead smelting

Size of particles of lead compounds, 12, 34

Skin, colour of, 132

Smelting of lead. See Lead smelting

Solar plexus, 65

Soldering, 261

Solubility: of lead salts, 5, 15, 16, 17; test for fritted lead, 14

Solvent action of peptone, 19

Spastic paraplegia, 68

Spiegeleisen, poisoning in manufacture of, 246

Spring tempering, fume from, 201, 296

Stained-glass painting, 285

Statistics of plumbism, 44, 45

Susceptibility, 27

Tape measures, painting of, 290

Tea lead, 251

Temperature in lead poisoning, 118

Tempering files, 200

Terne plates, 260

Tests for lead, 167

Tetramethyl diphenyl test, 169

Thorpe test, 275

Tiles. See Earthenware

Tinning: of hollow-ware, 259; of harness furniture, 259; of irondrums, 260; dust in, 203; lead chloride fume in, 202-203; repeated attacks in, 261

Tolerance of lead, 28, 113

Toxic dose: of lead acetate, 110; of lead carbonate, 110; of lead dust, 31, 207; of fritted lead dust, 88, 97; of white-lead dust, 85

Treatment of acute lead poisoning, 111, 184

Tremor, 142, 156

Turpentine poisoning, experimental, 108

Type metal, 202

Urine: acidity, 181; chemical examination of, 180; determination of lead in, 167; lead in, 32, 73, 169; phosphates, 181

Vaso-motor changes, 65, 76, 140

Ventilation (exhaust), 207-220; by fans, 210; by heat, 208; composing boxes, 255; essential points, 208; in earthenware, 273; in electric accumulators, 216, 282; in enamelling, 278; in glass-cutting, 284; in india-rubber, 302; in lead smelting, 245; in litharge, 251; in paints, 215, 286; in printing foundry, 254; in red lead, 250; in spelter, 249; in tinning, 259; in vacuum cleaning, 218; in white lead, 214, 268; in yarn-heading, 300; smoke-test, 218

Volatility of lead, 2

Washing accommodation, 235

Wasting in lead poisoning, 113, 115, 145

Water, action on lead, 3, 4

White lead: Brimsdown process, 269; casual labour in, 269; cause of dangers in, 266; chamber process, 268; diminution in reported cases, 270; Dutch process, 265; precipitation process, 269; ventilation in, 214

Works’ medicines, 185

Wrist-drop. See Paralysis

Yarn-dyeing with chromate of lead, 298

Zinc: action on kidney, 130; paints, 292, 294

BILLING AND SONS, LTD., PRINTERS, GUILDFORD