LAKELAND WORDS AND SAYINGS. (continued 2)

DOG-FO—In wrestling when both come down and neither can be declared as victor. A dog-fo’s ta deea ower.

DOG-DAISIES—Wild Marguerite.

DOCTOR—Patch, mend. Doctor mi auld shoon will ye.

DOXY—A term conveying contempt. She’s a smart doxy.

DOG-TROT—A hauf-breed between a walk an’ a run. He was gaan at a dog-trot.

DOON-MOOTHED—A body wi’ their spirits doon an’ showen ’t.

DOON-LIGGEN—This yan hes reference to t’ increase o’ t’ popylashun.

DOZZEL—An ugly lump o’ varra near owt. An auld chap was taken t’ butter ta t’ market, an’ e garn gat ower mich yal an’ he towtel’t ower an’ sat doon e t’ swill wi’ t’ butter in ’t; “cush barn,” says he, “but seck a dozzel ye nivver saw.”

DOAD, GOORDIE—These is hiamly words for George.

DOG-LEG—Owt ’at sud be streck but ’s gitten kessen a bit. As criukt as a dog leg.

DRIP—As white as drip.

DRABBLE, DRABBLED—Jarbled wi’ watter an’ muck.

DRAFF—Brewers’ grains, given ta t’ kye. Ah’s as wet as draff.

DRAFFY—Exhausted; neea list fer nowt. Ah’s as draffy as can be, an sweet wi’ nowt.

DRATE—A slow mack o’ talk er singin’.

DRAUGHT—A drawt o’ nags is different frae a drawt o’ yal; it’s a pair.

DRAW—To irritate, question, or get one to expound his views. He gat his rag drawn, wi’ t’ lawyer tryin’ ta draw him.

DRAW—When a chimley wants firin’, er a pipe stopple’s stopped, it’s said they won’t draw.

DRAW-KNOTT—Yan ’at ’ll lowse.

DRONE—A mouth reed made of sycamore bark.

DROONDED T’ MILLER—When ye’ve putten ower mich watter i’ yer crowdy; letten tea doon tell it’s that wake it won’t run oot o’ t’ pot, an’ seea on—that’s droonded t’ miller.

DRIFE—Snow that is driven as it falls or after.

DREE—A long lonely road; a piece of work not over pleasant. Owt ’at’s dree is summat at yan’s weary on, but hes ta stick tul.

DREEP—A melancholy tone, neea matter hoo sweet.

DROP-BOX—T’ barn’s bank.

DRUB—Chastise. Ah’ll drub thee thi jacket, thoo young taistrel.

DRUBBED—Taken to task. That lad mun be drubbed, er he’s gaan ta be spoilt.

DRUBBIN—Thrashing. He gat a good drubbing fer his pains.

DRY-WO’—A fence built wi’ cobbles an’ neea lime.

DRY-WO’ER—A chap ’at can wo’.

DRAT, DRAT IT, DRABBIT, DIVICUS O’ LAND—All mild swear words.

DRINKIN’—Ten o’clock. Snack of refreshment in the forenoon. T’ drinkin’s reddy.

DRAAP—Same as dreep.

DRIFT—Fettle. He’s e’ gay good drift. Means of making a living. He gat intul a good drift an’ dud weel.

DRUFTED-SNOW—Snow droven inta drifts wi t’ wind.

DUBBLER—A gurt yarkin plate fer meat.

DUFFLE—Rough, open cloth for week-day clothes.

DUBBLE—Fer t’ barn legs.

DURTMENT—It means varra near owt at muck line ’at’s oot o’ t’ spot. A lad ’ll tak a armful o’ cicely fer his rabbits inta t’ hoose. His mudder ’ll say: Tak o’ that durtment oot o’ mi seet an’ durt mak sec a scrow.

DRY-BELLIED-SCOT—A lad gam.

DUB—Whar they dook, an’ wesh sheep. Cutten dog lugs off, an’ cock cooams, an’ that mack o’ craft.

DUCK—A coddy liaf wi’ a neb on’t fer t’ barns at biaken day.

DUCKI—A lad’s game, laik’t wi gurt marvels er lal stians.

DUCK-TEAL—A wild duck, er summat o’ that kind.

DUCK-WINE—Cauld watter.

DUD’NT—Shorthand for did not.

DUDS, DUDDINS—Clothes. Pack up thi duds an’ tak.

DUMMLE-HEAD—A clumsy, thoughtless person. Thoo gurt dummle heed thoo.

DUMMY—One who is dumb.

DUNCH—When a goat attacks his enemies, of his own kind er any udder, he dunches them.

DURDUM—A nurration. Durt kick up seck a durdum aboot nowt.

DUMPS—Low spirits. He’s doon i’ t’ dumps.

DUMP—To throw down unceremoniously. He shot t’ cart up an’ dumped it doon o ov a heap.

DULBERT—Dunce. He was yan o’ t’ biggest dulberts ye ivver saw when he was a lad.

DUSTY-MILLER—The flower of the Auriculus or Reckless.

DUHT, DURT—Do not; durt gah far away, dinner’s varra near reddy.

DUNNOT, DIV’NT—T’ siam again.

DWALLOW—A chap said he’d a nasty dwallow tiast in his mooth, siam as if he’d bin eaten rotten eggs.

DWINE, DWINNLE—Wear away. It’s a sorrowful thing ta watch when owt we like begins ta dwinnle.

DYKE-STOUR—A hedge stake.

EAR-BITTED, EAR-CROPT, EAR-CLIPT—Marks on the ears of sheep by which they are distinguished.

EASTER-MAN-GIANTS, EASTER-LEDGES—Easter docks.

EASEN—Eaves of a house or a stack. When t’ easens begin ta drop efter a frost it’s a sign ov a thow. It’s grand when yan happens ta git under t’ easens an’ it runs inta yan’s neck whol.

EBBEN—Straight. It’s rainen ebben doon.

EBBEN—Even; quits. Ye an’ me’s ebben noo.

EBBEN—Imp. Thoo’s a nasty saucy young ebben.

EBBENS—Aims. Thoo ebbens ower hee.

EBBENED—Aimed, intended. We hed ebbened ta hev co’ed at your hoose, but it gat ower liat.

EBBEN-UP-AN-DOON—A streyt forrad, blunt, honest fellow, ’at can be trusted. He’s ebben up an’ doon wi’ o’ ’at he hez to deea wi’.

EBBEN-ON—Just suitable. He’s a lad ’at’s ebben-on seck a job as that.

EBBM-MARRAS—Exactly alike. That cap’s t’ ebbm-marras o’ oor lad’s.

EBBUT—This yan taks summat off; it maks sarten conditions; it’s a qualifier. Ebbut thoo mun understand An’s gaan ta hev mi price. Ebbut if it rains we sall hev ta stop at hiam. Ebbut ther’s neeabody but him an’ me knows hoo much that job cost, an’ we durt know to tweea or three pund. Ebbut thoo may say ’at Ah’s leein’, but Ah’st stick ta mi tial ta mi deein’ day.

EDGE—Self esteem. A chap ’at’s a bit bigger, er a bit handsomer, ner t’ miast on us, an’ walks on his heels, an’ spreeds oot his teeas, an’ cocks his hat o’ yah side ov his heed, an’ hods his chin up as if he was shammed o’ walken on t’ grund, is said ta hev a bit o’ edge ov hissel.

EDGE—Appetite. Ah’ve nobbut a varra poor edge on fer mi breakfast.

EDGE—Shuffle. He wad edge oot as grand as ivver ye saw owt i’ yer boorn days.

EDGE—Side. We sat at t’ beck edge an’ watcht t’ troot lowp.

EDGE-LEEUM—A knife, razor, or other implement with an edge. T’ barn izzant fit to laik wi edge-leeums.

EDGES—To set on edge. Give up skroken; thoo edges mi teeth wi’ ’t.

EDGIN’—Ass t’ lasses aboot this yan; they allus seem thrang wi’ ’t, swappin’ samples, an’ matchin’ on ’t, and seea on. Neea doot they’ll tell ye.

E’E, E’EA—The arch of a bridge; the outlet of a lime kiln; the channel of a stream; an opening in a wall; the part of a potato where it sprouts.

EDDERFUL—Angry; revengeful. Thoo needn’t liuk seea edderful as that. Ah’s an auld man, but Ah’s nin flait.

E’E-WHOL—Eye-hole.

E’E-BREEAS—The eye-brows. What for does thoo wrinkle thi e’e-breeas like that when thoo’s talken?

EERY—When t’ wind comes whisslen doon t’ chimla, an’ through t’ key whols, an’ t’ windas jadder, an’ deed leaves er rattlen aboot, an’ fooak draw up clooas ta t’ hood niuk ta keep warm an’ snug, it’s eery. It’s eery, teea, amang t’ dowly looanens when ye’ve a lang giat afooar ye an’ neeabody ta speak tul, an’ t’ yewlets is aboot, an’ happen t’ bats, if a cushat, er a rabbit, er a rattan stirs yan’s skin creeps up yan’s back, an’ a body’s hair stands streck up wi’ freet, it’s eery than, ’at is ’t.

EEK, EWK, EWKY—Ther o’ different sooarts o’ yah mack. They mean itch, itchy, er what’s commonly known as kittle. A sair spot ’at’s mendin’; when a flee er a midge hes hed their supper; er a kiad’s hevin’ a trip roond, er a lot mair things ’at yan’s neea casion to put i’ print, but mak yan want ta scrat—theer noo ye hev ’t, an’ o aboot it.

EEM’NIN—Evening. T’ eem’nins is creepen oot nicely—this about April er May, wheen dayleet’s lengthnen, an’ t’ throssles er whewtlen, an’ t’ leaves biginnen ta bud, an’ winter is past an’ gone, an’ t’ day’s o’ t’ singin birds is at hand yance again.

EEN—Eyes. Een as black as sleeas; t’ bonny bird een; eeny taties, eeny breed, an’ seea on.

EFTER—After, ov coorse. What’s thoo efter? Nowt at dow, Ah’ll apode. Sometimes t’ lads er efter t’ lasses; t’ jobbers ’ll be efter kye; an’ some er efter owt they can lig hauld on.

EFTER-NOON—About a finish. It’s a lang way inta t’ efterniun wi’ him Ah’s flayed.

EFTER-TEMSINGS—Coarse flour after sifting; it makes good breed.

EFTER-CROP—A crop that is grown after a first one has been secured.

EGG—To incite to quarrel. Thoo’s neea casion to egg them on at yan anudder.

EGG—To roughen. Sleeas fair egg yan’s tongue.

EH?—A handy word fer them ’at’s hard o’ hearin’. A lot better ner “Beg your pardon,” an’ seck like ropement. Eh?

EKE—A portion of a bee-hive, added for the purpose of more easily obtaining the honey.

EKE—To make out for. Ah mun eke it oot as weel as Ah can.

ELBOW-TURN—An angle. T’ blacksmith knows hoo it’s diun.

ELBOW-GREASE—Noo than what? We o’ know what elbow grease is when it’s runnin’ off yan’s broo, and happen droppin’ inta yan’s e’e afooar yan’s time ta wipe ’t off. Elbow grease an’ stickin’ playster er tweea varry useful mack o’ things ta carry aboot when yan’s a stiffish darrak at front o’ yan.

ELDIN—At one time applied to turf and peat, but now generally used to signify the firewood chopped to light the fire with, “Gitten t’ eldin in,” and “Gitten his eldin in,” have still meaning in the sense of making provision, or storing up for contingencies.

ELLIKER—Yal ’at’s grown inta vinegar; as soor as elliker.

ELLAR, ELLARBERRIES—These er nobbut alder in annuder an easier way. Ye can use owder ye want fer t’ burtree.

ELSE—Thoo’ll be off ta bed er else. Ah war fasht wi’ mi rheumatiz, er else. The alternative is understood to be of a serious nature.

ELLY—A point in football scoring. Whar they’ve neea goal stoops, they’ll punch t’ bo up again t’ wo, an’ that’s a sooart; when they punch ’t ower t’ top o’ t’ wo inta t’ next field, that’s an elly, an they change ends. Ah’ve hed lumps o’ mi shins as big as wo’nuts, an’ t’ bark peel’t off i’ spots wi’ this mack o’ craft, but Ah wad ten hundred times rayder be laiken ner talken aboot it.

EMPTY-HEEDED—Vain, shallow, pretentious. A victim of one of those “brecks” known as practical jokes will retaliate by remarking that it’s some o’ them gurt empty-heeded gofframites, ’at’s lowsed his lin-pin, or, fielded t’ cart wheel up a tree, er yoked t’ nag wi’ t’ heed ta t’ cart. Yah poor chap fan his nag yoked t’ wrang way, an’ t’ stangs throo t’ bars ov a yat. “Noo, this caps cut-lugs,” sez he, an’ he set tull an’ sawed t’ stangs off afoor he wad be bet.

END-NER-SIDE—beginning and finish; sense; Ah can mak nowder end-ner-side o’ thi tial.

ENTRY—A passage.

ENGLISH—Decipher. A ca’t English sec rubbish as thoo writes.

END-UP—To rear a cart up; to set anything on its end; to raise a person into a sitting or standing posture; to finish a task, or the day’s work; “ended him up” an’ “end up” er tweea varra useful spacks.

END-BOOARD—Aye, what noo, anybody knows ’at t’ end boords is at end o’ t’ cart, an’ ’at they tak oot, an’ seea on, but it izzant seea easy to put inta print.

END-OWER-END—To tipple “head over heels.” Ah catcht mi teea ower a cobble, an’ doon Ah went, end-ower-end, heedamaneckum inta t’ beck.

ESH-CHATS—Seed of the ash tree.

ESH-PLANT—A walking stick miad oot ov a young ash tree pood up bi t’ riut an’ dried. T’ lads aboot ten know generally what they’re used for.

ESH, ESH’K—Ax or ask; ax’d or asked.

ESH—Ash tree.

ETTLE—Noo “ettle” an’ “addle” is varra near akeen withoot a doot, but ther varry different i’ application. Gurt addlers is sometimes poor ettlers, an’ a good ettler ’ll mak up fer varra lal addlins. A body ’at can ettle ther income oot tell it ’ll gang farder ner ther ootgang; yan ’at can use an’ plan iv’ry thing tell it ’ll gang varra fardest possible way; anudder ’at ’ll plan his wark oot seea as he’s just eneuf fer o his time—this means ta ettle ’t oot.

EVE’S-APPLE—This is an auld ’un, by gum! We’re cock throppled becos Eve apple stuck i’ Adam throoat. Yan wadn’t a thowt it, sewerly, at a bit o’ apple wad hev diun that for him awovver.

EVERLY—Constantly. He was everly at it wi’ a nivver ceasin’.

EYE-SWEET—Work that is done neatly; ornaments; some addition to the dress for show more than use; anything to please the eye. Ah durt like that gurt feather thoo hez i’ thi hat; it’s a gay bit off beein’ eye-sweet ta me.

FARE—Completely. Ah’s fare worn oot; Ah’s fare doon weary o’ thi bodder.

FACE—To meet an’ argy. Ah’ll fias ’t oot wi’ him. Set a face means to come to a decision and carry it out. Cooarten chaps ’ll know what it is fer them ta set a fias on’t an’ carry t’ through.

FADDUM—An armful. As mich as ivver ye can faddum. To get at the root meaning of anything. Ah’ll faddum that tial.

FADGE—Shuffle. Fadge aboot amang t’ snow.

FAIN—Pleased. Ah’s fain ye’ve come.

FALDERDALS—Ornaments. Neea falderdals fer me.

FAMISH—Very well. We’ll mannish famish thenk ye.

FAMOUS—Notable. He war a famous gurt leer.

FAUCE—Sly, pawky. As fauce as a fox.

FANTICKLED—The freckles which adorn those of a fair complexion.

FAR-LARN’D—Deep larn’d. He war a far-larn’d chap.

FARN-WOO’—Wool that is pulled off the sheep backs as they pass through the smoots in the dikes.

FARRAND—Fashioned. An auld farrand barn.

FARROW—A sew liggin in.

FAVVERS—Has the appearance of. Wheea’s yon? It favvers t’ post.

FASSEN-PENNY—Money with which a bargain is clenched.

FASSENED—Consummated. T’ bargan was nivver fassened, an’ he ran off.

FAT—Lads ’ll tell ye ’at’s laiken at marbles.

FALALDERMENT—Nonsense. Thoo’s neea casion ta tell us sec falalderment aboot what thoo can deea.

FANSOME—Nice, handsome.

FANT—Faint.

FADJI—Summat like fusty-lugs, short and’ stoot, an shoolen a bit at walken.

FAFFLE—To dodge about without much purpose. Thoo wad rayder faffle aboot deein owt than gang ta thi wark.

FAIRATION—A varra fair word is fairation, it means fair play, er fair wark, er fair trade, an’ seea on.

FAIR-DO’S—Fair-do’s amang mates, is a good motto.

FAIRY-STANS—Coprolites. An’ didn’t we used ta be prood ta lait them oot o’ t’ dike breests an’ seck.

FAIRY-RINGS—Whar t’ mushrooms grow.

FARDER-NER-NARDER—At a standstill. He nivver seems ta git neea farder-ner-narder.

FAR-SIDE—T’ far side an’ t’ nar side, is t’ left an’ t’ reet i’ nag drivin.

FASH—Trouble, bother. Fash is as yan maks ’t.

FASHIOUS—Troublesome. It’s varra fashious ’deed is’t, rainen iv’ry day wi a nivver ceasen.

FASSENS—Lent.

FAST, FASSENED—Bound by Indentures.

FAST—Before. Oor clock’s an hoor fast.

FATHERED—Affiliated. A child that has a marked likeness to its parent fadders itsel.

FAULD—Farm-yard. Shut t’ fauld yat, an’ keep t’ cauld wind oot.

FAM’LY-WAY—On t’ rooad wi’ anudder.

FARE-TA-WEEL—Good day t’ auld way.

FANDANGLES—Personal ornaments.

FARDEL—The fourth part of yard-wand.

FANG—To fasten upon with the teeth.

FANGLES—Something new. New-fangled is common for those who readily take up with “some new thing.”

FEATHER—A mason’s tool for splitting stone. Plug and feather.

FEATHER-BRAINED—Light headed.

FEATHER-EDGE—A shoemaker’s term.

FEG-SOWAN, FIG-SUE—Boiled figs—or figs steeped in liquor.

FELL-FO—Field-fare.

FELLOW—Man, and used commonly for that word, e.g., T’ auld fellow, young fellow, heed fellow, t’ fellow i’ t’ shop, &c.

FELON; FELON-GERSE; CUT-FOR-’T-FELON; FELON’D; FELON-DRINK—Ass t’ coo doctor aboot o’ these, it’s summat’s matter wi’ t’ kye aboot t’ kist.

FAST-OOT—Put oot at board wages to be maintained.

FEWSOME—Comely. She’s a gay fewsome liuken lass. Neatly finished. Mak a gay fewsome job on’t t’ time thoo’s at it.

FEATHER-HEELED; FEATHER-LEGGED—Lish, active. A feather-heeled mother maks a greasy-heeled dowter, that is ta say, t’ second generation taks t’ advantage.

FEY-DOOMED—Possessed with a gloomy foreboding of impending troubles.

FELL-IN—He gat wedded ta a bit ov a lal body ’at he nobbut fell-in wi’ at Martinmas, an’ gat gaily weel bitten. Fell-in wi’ means to make the acquaintance of, or become known to.

FELL—To knock down; to throw in wrestling.

FELTERED—Entangled.

FEND—In what condition. How are you? Hoo fend ye Tommy? Ah’s gayly middlen, just gaan aboot as usu’l.

FECK—Shift. He’s nowder feck ner fend in him.

FECKLESS—Shiftless, useless, without resource. Come oot o’ t’ way, thoo lal feckless fiul, thoo.

FEEDIN-STORM—Net yan ’at feeds fooak ato, but yan ’at’s come ta stop a bit and grow itsel, a feedin storm’s yan ta be nooaticed.

FELL—I’ Lakeland o’ t’ moontains is fells, an’ ther’s a gay lot ta be gaan on wi’, an’ some o’ them’s a gay heet up.

FELL-HEEDER—Yan at leeves on t’ fells; t’ decentest an’ t’ mannerliest fooak varra neear ’at ye’ll find fer a mial when yer hard throssen.

FELL-TIAD—He’d a skin on him as rough as a fell-tiad.

FELLY—The out section of a cart wheel.

FEND, FENDY—To make a good try. T’ kye ’ll fend fer thersells if ther’s owt they can git. He’s a fendy sooart ov a fellow at’ll git on.

FETCHIN—A fetchin o’ yal’s when it’s brought to t’ wark.

FETTLE—Condition. What fettle?—Rippin!

FETTLE—To clean, repair, and put in condition. Ah mun fettle t’ auld gun up.

FEW—Pan to. Hoo does he few at mowin’?

FENDIN’-AN-PRIUVIN—A kind ov a fratchin’, snarlin’, unnebburly mack o’ wark ower summat an’ nowt. Yan tells a tial annudder denies, an’ they gah tull anudder er tweea fendin-an-priuvin-’t.

FINDIN’S-KEEPIN’—Findin’s keepin’, an takkin back’s hangin’. A lad’s motto ’at’s as common as muck an’ as auld as t’ hills.

FIMMLE—Finger in a twitching nervous manner.

FIB—A lie.

FIDGE—To kick the feet up; to struggle. A swine ’ll fidge when it’s gaan ta be butcht; seea will a barn when it’s bein’ weshed.

FINGERING, FLEECY—Different maks o’ wool fer knitten.

FINE-SARTEN—As sure as law. Ah’s ommost fine sarten on ’t.

FIR-APPLES—Cones; seed.

FIRE-EDGE—Enthusiasm. He’d plenty o’ fire edge on. Appetite. That dumplin’s tian t’ fire edge off.

FISSLE—Uneasy movements. Can’t ta sit whiatly an’ nut fissle aboot? Is that a moose fisslen’ aboot amang t’ gerse?

FIX-FAX—Gristle.

FIASEN—When a lal ’un hes a berry shag gie’n tult, an’ it scowps o’ t’ preserves off, that’s fiasen it. Siam when it licks it’s plate efter dinner.

FIELD, FEEAL, FIELDIN—Hide. Let’s laik at fielden. Yon lal tagalt’s fielded mi specs, an’ nowder hee ner low can Ah find them.

FIUT—Keep up with. Ye gang that fast Ah can hardly fiut ye.

FIUT—Trace. We can fiut a hare on t’ snow.

FIUT—To establish; to introduce. Whia what we’st hev ta fiut ye.

FIUTED—To perform a journey on foot. We fiuted it iv’ry stride.

FIUT-IT—A good dancer or walker. By jen but he can fiut-it.

FUIT-LETH—A quarter of a stone.

FLAAS—Turf for fuel.

FLA-SCAREL—A scarecrow. An untidy body’s sometimes co’ed a fla-scarel.

FLAAENS—Boggles, ghosts.

FLACKER—Palpitate. Ah’s o’ in a flacker wi’ runnin’.

FLESH-MEAT—Butcher meat. It’s varra lal flesh-meat yan mun hev noo-a-days.

FLACK, FLACKIN—A thin sod pared for the purpose of covering a turnip or potato heap.

FLACKER—A good flacker is one who can neatly cut a flack or flackin’.

FLAM, FLAATCH, FLAUP, FLAUP-POT, FLAACTHEN—These is o’ yah sooart, but different maaks. T’ meanin’ is grease, whakly talk, er duabment. They’re nut i’ mich repute i’ Lakeland, “Where men are bold and strongly say their say,” but it’s happen as weel ta put them in, as lal as they’re set bi.

FLIGMAGARIES—Bits of showy articles of finery in dress.

FLAY-CROW—A person whose appearance is more striking than usual. A regular flay-crow. An object made up with old rags and stuck in a field to frighten the birds.

FLEEK—A frame of wood filled up with straw or bracken, with which a stone-breaker shields himself from the weather.

FLECK’T—Spotted. It was fleck’t wi’ froth, he’d droven that hard.

FLEEK—A frame hung from the ceiling on which bread and bacon or clothing are placed to dry.

FLEWAT—A rough blow. It catcht mi seck a flewat ower t’ heed.

FLINT-AN’-STEEL—A smiuker’s tackle fer gitten a leet afoor they hed matches, e’ go yut.

FLIRT—Flirt aboot frae spot ta spot. Unsettled. A giddy body.

FLIT—To remove. A miun-leet flit is a removal by night time to avoid observation.

FLOONCE, FLOONCED—A temper. He was in a floonce. They floonc’d oot i’ neea time.

FLUKE—A flat potato.

FLUKER—Large of its kind. That’s a fluker ano.

FLUMMAX—Stew. By jen, but thoo’s put me in a flummax.

FLAIL-HINGIN—T’ workin’ part ov a flail.

FLAIL-SOOPLE—T’ strikin’ end ov a flail.

FLAIT—Frightened. Thoo’s mair flait ner hurt.

FLAP—Saddle flap; coat flap; britches flap; shoe flap; flap door. These o’ mean summat ’at’s lowse an’ laps ower.

FLAP—To beat. Flap their wings; a flap under t’ lug; they’d a bit ov a flap.

FLAPPEN—A light, giddy manner. Flappen aboot. A tussle; they’d a bit ov a flappen on atween thersels.

FLAUP—An untidy woman. A gurt idle flaup.

FLAUPT—To drop down in an indolent way. She flaupt hersel doon.

FLAUPEN—To go about in an untidy manner. Flaupen aboot frae moornin’ ta neet, nivver wesht ner nowt.

FLOWTER—Flutter. By gok, but thoo’s put me in a flowter wi’ that tial Ah’s sewer thoo hes.

FLOTHERY—Gaudy trapping seck as ribbons an’ owt ’at doddery flappy tail ’t mack at fooak put o’ ther backs ta be smart.

FLURCH—A lot; good measure running ower.

FLAY—Skin. It was ommost flayed alive.

FLAY—Freeten. Ah war flayed oot o’ mi skin acomen hiam, wi’ that gurt barguest of a cuddy.

FLAYSOME—Hideous, pitiful. What’s ta makken that flaysome din for? She liuks flaysome.

FLEEMS—Fleems an’ t’ bleedin’ stick. T’ nag doctor ’ll show ye what these is.

FLEP—Bottom lip. He hings a flep like an auld meear i’ barley seed time.

FLIGHT—Chide, scold. Ah gat seck a flighten as Ah’s nivver fergit fer takkin a few plums.

FLING, FLANG, FLUNG—To throw as in wrestling. He gat flung wi’ a chap hauf his size.

FLONKER—An outsizer. A tale that smells of a lie. That’s a flonker an’ neea mistak.

FLONKIN—A thrashing. Thoo’ll git a flonkin fer rivin’ thi shirt.

FLUSTER—Excitement. We’re o’ in a fluster.

FLUSTERED—Broken out. T’ barn heed ’s o’ flustered oot wi’ gurt scabs.

FLUSTERIN—Going about or working in an excited manner.

FLUSTERED—Confused. Ah gat fairly flustered amang seea many fine fooak, an’ seea mich meemo an’ nackin.

FLUSTRATED—Aboot t’ siam as flustered.

FLOWE—Wild; uncongenial; out of temper. It’s a cauld flowe wind. T’ pastur ligs varra flowe. He went by liuken as flowe as neea matter.

FLUZZ, FLUZZ’D—When ye’re driven a stiak inta t’ grund and t’ end ye hit wi’ a mell gits bruised, we say it’s fluzz’d. A rattle under t’ lug is co’ed a fluzz sometimes. Ah gat seck a fluzz at t’ side o’ t’ heed wi’ his nief.

FLUSH—A game played for nuts.

FLUSH—To drive game out of cover.

FLYEREN—“The loud laugh which betrays the vacant mind.” Theer they war, flyeren an’ nickerin at iv’ry thing an’ iv’ry body.

FLYPE—Brim. Thoo’s plenty o’ flype on ta keep t’ sun off.

FOTHER, FUDDER, FODDER—In the years 1588, 1600, and 1612 respectively, these are given in some old documents belonging to the Parish Church of Morland for fodder.

FOISON—Quality or quantity; good in both.

FOWT—A fight. Says Whitehead:

FOORMAL, FOORMAL’D—Bespeak; order. Ah coe’d an’ foormal’d a pig oot o’ that lot.

FOLLOW—A young fella ’at’s just begun ta “follow” a pair o’ nags thinks hissel neea treacle jacky, an’ he’s gaily oft leadin’ yan o’ them. Anudder’s said ta be “followen” somebody’s daughter ’at he want’s ta keep. I’ that sense it means he’s gaan wi’ her, keeping her company, an’ varra clooase company ano’, else he might be sucked in, an’ loss her. Do ye follow o’ this er nut? We deea “follow” at times, durt we noo? Varra whiat than, when we’re “followen” fer t’ last time.

FOILED—Soiled with dung. They foiled mair ner they eat.

FOISTY—Stale. This flour’s gaan foisty.

FOOAK—This is put in acos fooak co’ yan anudder fooak yet; your fooak, oor fooak, fadder fooak, an’ seea on. Ther’re net gitten to be people er persons yet.

FOOMET—Aye fool eniuf if t’ stink bi owt ta gang bi. Thoo stinks warse ner a foomet.

FORCE—A waterfall. T’ fooarce is gayly full.

FOTR—To take the awns off barley or awny wheat.

FOTRIN-IRON—An implement designed to remove the awns off barley, &c. In shape something like a fork handle, with grate or bars attached.

FOWER ROOD ENDS—Cross roads. Famous places for hanky-panky tricks, seck as charmin’ warts away, tellin’ luck, buryin’ uncanny bodies, an’ findin’ ther ghosts. Ah darn’t fer t’ life o’ me put in o’ t’ tials at Ah’ve hard aboot t’ fower rooad ends. They wad flay o’ t’ lal ’uns an’ some t’ gurt ’uns oot o’ ther wits wheniver they’d ta gah by yan. T’ varra guide stoops ’ll mak yan’s skin fair whidder on a dark neet. An’ ther’s war things ner a guide stoop.

FORRAD—Fast; in front. A forrad lad er lass is yan ’at’s shot ther horns i’ good time.

FOND—Foolish; imbecile.

FORENWESS, ENWESS-AWAY—For ever, without end, a great lot. We’ve hed forenwess o’ bodder aboot that will. Ah mak nowt o’ fooak at’s allus grumlen, an’ blacken enwess-away frae dayleet ta dark.

FOOAL-MEEAR—A mare with foal at foot.

FORRAD—Git forrad. To be going on with a task or journey. Ah’ll git forrad.

FOR-NOUGHT—Laiken fer fun o’ t’ thing—neea wins.

FORENOON-DRINKIN’—Ten o’clock; bait; lunch, an’ seea on.

FODDER-GANG—Up bi’ t’ bius heeds, whar they fodder t’ kye. It was theer whar yan ov oor Lakeland chaps first larnt ta ride his velocipede. A good spot ano.

FOG—Grass grown after mowing. Ye can tell kye er cauves ’at’s eaten fog, bi’ ther tails.

FO O’ T’ LEAF—T’ spring o’ t’ year, an t’ fo o’ t’ leaf. Spring and autumn.

FOOL-MOOTHED—Blackguardly.

FORBYE—In addition. Yan er tweea mair forbye.

FORE-ELDERS—Forefathers.

FORFOUGHTEN, FORFUFFEN—Wearied in a struggle. They war sair forfuffen ta git a trailen on.

FORKED, FOLD-BITTEN, FOLD-BIT—These is o different macks o’ marks an’ whols intul a sheep lug ta ken it bi. Ass a shipherd fer full pertic’lars.

FOR SURE—Er ye gaan? Aye fer sewer Ah’s gaan!

FOTS—Knitted socks fer barn feet.

FOTTYS—Children’s feet. Warm its fottys afooar t’ fire.

FOOR-START—A bit o’ time, er a bit o’ space at’s geen in ta mak things main equal. Ah’ll run thi fer sov’ren, an’ gie thi ten yerds foor-start.

FORIVVER—A great deal too much. Thoo’s forivver ower auld ta wed a young thing like that’n.

FORE—For good; for keeps. It means like this: When lads is laiken at marvels they laik fer “fore” or fer “nought”; if on fer “fore” they keep what they win, if on fer “nowt” they durt.

FOR-KEEPS—When you keep what you win in a game. It’s like feiten fer love if it izzant for keeps.

FOONDER’D—Shattered as horse feet are by constant work on hard roads, &c. Struck dumb. Ah was dum-foonder’d ta hear ower thi faddur, sista ’at was Ah.

FRAP—A sharp noise. He was blertin’ an’ frapen’ aboot wi’ an auld gun.

FRAG-END—What’s left; the tag-rag-and-bob-tail. Ther’s t’ frag-end ov a ham shank on t’ shelf. A lot o’ t’ frag-end hed a row amang thersels.

FRAJ, FRAJD—Frayed. Worn by contact. Ah’ve frajd o’ t’ skin off mi heel.

FRATCH—Fo’ oot. We varra near fratch’t ower ’t.

FREET—Grieve. Nivver thee heed honey, du’t freet.

FREMD—Strangers with whom there is no intercourse. They war nobbut fremd fooak at they leev’d amang.

FRAE—From. Whar does thoo co frae? Ah cum frae hiam, whar does ta think?

FRAE-TULL—From; off. What’s up wi’ thi hat flype? It’s cum frae tull.

FRETTED—Perforated. It war fretted throo an’ throo wi’ t’ worms.

FRIGGLEN—Struggling. Sairy thing, it was frigglen aboot an’ varra near at last gasp.

FRUMERTY—Stewed wheat.

FRUTTISES—Little cakes baked in a frying pan. They say good stuff’s lapped i’ lal room, an’ it’s true o’ fruttises.

FRAMATION—A commotion, a hullabaloo. Sec a framation Ah niver dud see.

FROSK—Frog. Kill a frosk an’ it’ll leeten.

FROG—Fir-trees. Auld mear tails.

FRABBEN—Argyen, feiten, strugglen. Ah’s sto’ed o’ frabben ower nowt.

FUFF—A sudden gust. A fuff o’ wind put t’ leet oot.

FUFF’D—Blew. O’ t’ reek an’ siut fuff’d doon an’ oot o’ t’ fire spot inta t’ hoose.

FUFFEN—Whirling; veering. T’ wind was fuffen aboot first oot o’ yah art an’ than oot ov anudder.

FUFFEN—Fighting; fight. He wad fuffen wi’ a feddur.

FULLAKEN—Well grown. He’s a rare gurt fullaken chap.

FULLOCK—A rough blow. He catcht him a fullock under t’ lug wi’ his nief.

FUNNY-BIAN—Elbow point. Ah catcht me funny-bian ower a throo, an’ it dimel’d oot at mi finger ends.

FUSSIKER—An incredible story. That’s a fussiker.

FUZZ-BO—A dried fungus.

FULL-COCK—Off he went, full-cock. That is, charged ta t’ brim, an’ ready fer owt.

FULL-SPLIT—Aye fer sewer. In a gurt pash. At it, full-split.

FURMS—Seats fer fooak i’ t’ kirk or meetin’ is co’ed furms.

FURTH—Out on a visit. We’d been furth ta mi aunt’s that neet at t’ gurt fliud.

FUSTY-LUGS—A lal, short-legged, fat chap. Thoo’s a lal fusty-lugs i’ that cooat.

FUZZY—Soft. These taties is gaan fuzzy.

FUZZY-GANNY—A hairy catterpillar. Fuzzy-ganny, hairy witch.

FULTERSOME—A cumbrous article of clothing, or gear. A gurt cooat’s varra fultersome when yan’s ta clim ower dikes and wo’s.

FUMMELEN—Groping. Fummelen i’ yan’s pockets fer a match, an’ seea on.

FYLARKINS—A satirical epithet.

GABBIE—Grandfather.

GAKEN—Projecting in a dangerous or awkward manner. Sis’ta he was drunk as a looard, an’ he’d tweea gullies as sharp as lances gaken oot of his jacket pocket.

GAKY—Awkwardly placed. Shut them cubbert doors, they liuk see gaky.

GAB—Cheek an’ impidence—Let’s hev nin o’ thi gab.

GABBLE, GABBLEN—Noisy. Give ower gabblen an’ makken that noise.

GA, GAH, GAH’D, GANG, GAN, GAN’D, GANGEN, GANNEN—Gah hiam; varra auld uns is these.

GAILY—Gaily’s summat efter t’ siam fashion as Gay. An old lady (she was near 90) asked as to her health replied, “whia, what fer mi years, Ah’s fresh; aye, Ah’s gaily fresh, an’ gangen aboot.”

GANNY—Grand-mudder; an’ ther’s war things i’ this weary world ner a good auld ganny.

GANTRY—What t’ yal tub stands on.

GAP—An opening. It maks a gurt gap i’ yan’s wark.

GAP-RAILS—Wooden bars to close up a gap-steed instead of a gate.

GAP-STEED—An opening in a fence. Thoo ca’t hit t’ gap-steed, ’at can ta nut.

GAR—Makes. Thoo gars mi greet honey wi’ thi talk aboot lang sen things.

GARBRISH—Foul vegetable matter. Bury that garbrish. Unsound or unripe fruit. Thoo eats ower mich o’ that garbrish.

GARD—It’ll be t’ siam as Garth; fer instance, ther’s Lin-gard.

GARNWINNLE—A revolving frame on which to put a hank of garn to be wound into balls for knitting.

GARTH—Enclosed piece of land of small size, seck as t’ kirk garth, cauf garth, chitty garth, &c.

GAUM—Judgment, common sense. He’s nowder gaum ner gumption.

GAUMERIL, GAUMERIL-HEED—A silly lout. Thoo gurt gaumeril, what’s ta shutten t’ cat for? Gaumeril heed’s t’ siam, wi’ a bit mair foorce in ’t.

GAUP—The manner of a rustic—Gaup aboot.

GAUPY—A rustic. A gurt gaupy.

GAY, GEY—Moderate; average. Ah’s gay fair; it’s gay wet, gay het, gay cauld; it’s a gay lang while sen ye co’ed; butter’s gay cheap noo; eggs is gay dear. An’ seea on.

GARRACK—Lone; empty howe. A gurt garrack gammer-stang—it’s a clownish sooart ov a fellow wi a empty noddle.

GARN—Wool for knitting. Garn Willie frae Kendal was one of the institutions thirty or forty years ago, whose pack invariably contained a bit mint cake.

GARAWA—Get away. We tell t’ dogs ta garawa by! when we want t’ kye fetchin’.

GAIN—Near; it’s gain hand.

GARSIL—Underwood cut for pea rods.

GAFFER—Master. T’ gaffer an’ me’s gaan ta t’ fair.

GALLAS—Reckless; ill-behaved. A gurt lowse gallas fellow, ’at is he.

GALLASES—Braces ta hod yan’s britches up.

GALLAWA—A lal nag. Is ther a lad i’ Lakeland ’at doesn’t like a gallawa aboot as weel as hissel?

GAM-LEG—T’ poor man’s goot.

GAM—Plucky. Ah’s gam fer owt o’ that sooart.

GATELAN—A field wi’ a gate—that is, a cart rooad—er a trod throo ’t.

GAWKY—Ungainly, awkward manners. A gurt gawky, he wadn’t say boo tul a gius.

GAUVISON—A silly fellow. Thoo gurt gauvison, thoo.

GAMMER-STANG—Varra common for a body ’at’s a bit gofferemish i’ ther ways, but Ah lite it’s ta deea wi’ gaffer an’ gammer o’ t’ auld days. Thoo gurt silly gammer-stang thoo, liuk whar thoo’s gaan.

GAYSHEN—A bit barnish an’ soft.

GERSE-NAIL—T’ bit o’ wire frae a scythe bliad ta t’ shaft, to keep ’t i’ t’ spot.

GERAWABACK, GERAWABY—Dog orders ta gah farder oot, an’ fetch ’em.

GESLIN—Gosling. Ah’ve hard fooak talk aboot geslin-green.

GESS—Dog niam.

GEDDERS—Pleats of a dress. O’ oot at gedders is a bad sign, an’ indicates idleness; besides it liuks seea. T’ lads ’ll deea ta see at ther’s neea gedders oot. Ah’ll say neea mair.

GEDDEREN—Collecting, of coorse—muck, mushrooms, nuts, taties, apples, an’ many a lot o’ mair things ’at’s pickt up.

GEAR—What’s o’ this gear? T’ lad’s mudder ass’d him that, as she was emptyen his pocket, an’ aboot a swillful o’ stuff—string, marvels, knives, bits o’ iron, indy-rubber, pencils, an’ seea on com oot. Annudder ’ll say he’s oot o’ gear when he’s badly; an’ a chap’s badly geared up when his gallases breck, er his shirt button comes off, er his dicky flees lowse.

GELD—Not with calf.

GHYLL—A gurt sowen crack, er whol in a hill side, whar t’ rocks is roven i’ tweea, an’ splintered aboot, an’ bushes an’ trees growen oot o’ t’ cracks, an’ a beck purblen at boddum, wi’ clean watter in’t, an’ fish. We used ta gang ta t’ ghyll when we war lads, an’ gedder nuts, an’ git ferns, an’ lait cushat an’ hewlet nests, an’ persuade oorsells we war young backwoodsmen.

GIAL—A sudden’d stang through t’ nerve of a tiuth wi’ cauld wind gitten in’ ’t.

GIALD—Wood cracks when it’s dried ower fast; i.e., it gials. Lads put ther burtree guns i’ t’ watter tub ta swell up t’ gials.

GIAPS, GIAPY—Ass a pooltry-man. It was an’ auld hen at hed it, an’ funny she liukt. Did ye ivver see a hen yawn? That’s it ta nowt.

GIAT—Appetite. It gies yan a bit o’ giat fer yan’s breakfast ta hev a good walk amang t’ plewed land. He hes a giat wi’ him, an’ neea mistak aboot ’t.

GIAVELOCK—A gurt iron bar ta wharrel wi’.

GIBBY—A stick wi’ a hook on ’t. We used ta git a gibby ta gang nutten wi’.

GIBLETS, GIBLET-PIE—Gius pie, miad oot o’ t’ inside warks. Try yan aboot Christmas, er enny other time if ther’s a chance.

GILDERT—A bird trap miad o’ hair snarls, an’ set amang t’ snow.

GILT—Ass a pig jobber fer particulars; o’ Ah hev ta say it’s an auld un.

GIMMER—A sheep afooar it’s hed lambs. An “auld gimmer” is used in terms of disrespect.

GIN, GIN-HOOSE—The circular path of a horse yoked to a threshing machine, churn, &c. T’ gin-hoose is t’ shed ower t’ gin.

GIP—It fair maks yan gip. Ah could hev gipped mi heart up ower ’t. It means ta ratch an’ heave fer nowt.

GIRD—Gird an’ thrust. It means ta put o’ t’ weight ye can on, an’ deea yer varra miast, an’ at siam time gurn a bit.

GIRDLE—A frying pan withoot a ledge, ta biak flat ciak on. A girdle ciak buttered warm’s up ta t’ mark.

GIFT-AGAIN—That’s t’ luck penny at’s thrown back at sattlin’.

GIRSE—Grass. T’ young kye are put oot to girse. A mower or a wrestler gits girsed, an’ theer’s girse-weedas ’at’s single afoor ther time.

GIN—If; in case.

GINNEL—A narrow passage. A crack or opening in a crag or rock. Famish spots fer a fox to bur intul when she’s hard throssen wi’ t’ hoond dogs.

GIT, GAT, GITTEN—Get, got, gotten. These is o’ i’ full go, an’ gitten is oft used for seized or taken, e.g., Ah was nearly gitten that time.

GIAT—Way. Thoo’s allus i’ somebody’s giat.

GIAT—Road, street, thoroughfare. Every Lakeland town has its street named after some distinctive gate, and every village its toon-giat.

GIAT—Pasturage; coo-giat is pasturage for a cow, mostly a common claim; sheep-giat, gius-giat, an’ seea on. Also see Whittle-gate.

GIAT—The opening made by a saw. Run a saw-giat doon ’t.

GIT-OWER—To get the better of anyone in a bargain. When they git ower thee they’ve nobbut anudder ta git ower.

GIZZUN, GIZZUN’D—To choke. Dry taties ’ll mak ye gizzun. Ah war varra nar gizzun’d wi’ lime stoor.

GIRDEN—Girden an’ laughen at somebody ’at hez hed nobbut a bit o’ baddish luck—say they’re tummel’d inta t’ sump—is t’ sign ov a wake knowledge box.

GISS-NER-STYE—Ye shoot giss when ye want t’ swine to come, an’ stye when ye want it ta gang, an’ them’s o’ t’ remarks a swine wants frae ye; hooivver, when ye say nowt ta neeabody aboot nowt, but keep mum an’ whiat, this yan co’s in. Ah said nowder giss-ner-stye, but let him deea o’ t’ camplin hissel.

GISS—What we shoot when we want t’ pigs ta come an’ be sarra’d, an’ ye needn’t shoot twice.

GISS-TROFF—Aye, whia, ye know what that is.

GIVES—Yields. It gives a gay bit iv’ry poo.

GIVES-AN’-TAKS—Yan ’at can deea wi’ a bit o’ nonsense an’ plaguein. He gives an’ taks.

GLAZNER—A glazier. In the old papers of Morland Parish Church the word is spelt glazner, A.D. 1609. Seea we’re nut far oot.

GLEP—Glance.

GLAPE, GLAPEN, GLAP’D—Stare around. He wad glape aboot like yan lost. Ah was glapen roond t’ market fer somebody Ah kent. He glap’d up as we war gaan by, but nivver spak. Something of the slower, less affected manner of the country is conveyed in all these.

GLEE—A varra moderate form ov squint. He glees a bit wi’ yah e’e.

GLUMPEN—What’s thoo glumpen for? Sulking, ’at is ’t.

GLISK—Gleamen, glinten, an’ what ther’s bits o’ glisks fer us o’ if whiles it’s a bit dark.

GLENT—A sudden glimpse. Ah just gat a glent on him.

GLENDEREN—Staring about in a half-dazed condition. Ah war glenderin aboot at dark, an’ Ah could see nowt wi’ comen oot frae t’ leet o’ t’ lamp, an’ Ah ran mi’ nooas up again t’ yat bar. That’s yah mak o’ glenderen, an’ ther’s tweea er three mair sooarts, at Ah’ll not put in.

GLIF—Glimpse. T’ first glif Ah gat o’ them they war gaan like nickt-at-heeds.

GLIME—A sullen sideway look. Thoo may glime.

GLOOAR—A good steady gaze. What’s ta glooaran at?

GLOP, GLOPT, GLOPPEN, GLOPPENED—It miad me glop. Ah just glopt up wi’ mi een. That wad mak them gloppen. Noo o’ these mean ta oppen yer een an’ use them reet handy. Surprised. Ah was gloppened.

GLOPPERS—Blufted specs fer sair een.

GOOD-DAY—Oor way o’ sayen good-bye, when we’re off ower t’ fells an’ far away fer many a day an’ happen ivver—good-day!

GOWLANS—The stems of burnt whins gathered for fire eldin.

GOB—Noo this is a rough hag’d un, but it’s varra useful at times, an’ a pooak’s nin prood. Ye can talk aboot a pooak gob, er fur that matter any sooart ov a gob, withoot given offence. It’s t’ mooth ov owt.

GOBBLEN—As ye’ll know noo, it’s gitten summat intul t’ gob middlin handy an’ gitten t’ oot o’ seet mair sharp, an’ plenty on ’t. That’s gobblen; it also means sauce, an’ nasty tempered talk.

GOB-STICK—What they sup poddish wi’. A gob-stick’s a spiun, bigger an’ better, neea matter whedder it’s wood er iron.

GOBY, GOVY—A fellow ’at does silly senseless things. He selt that nag fer less than hauf it’s worth, an’ thowt hissel clever. A gurt goby ’at he is.

GOFFEREN-FRAME—A frame to curl a cap border in. It’s a gay bit sen noo ’at I saw yan i’ use.

GOOD-STUFF, GOODIES—Sweets, confectionery. Ass t’ barns.

GOODISH—This yan’s a bit ov a cautious character in ’t. It’s a goodish bit ta your hoose. Aye, an’ what it’s a goodish bit sen ye war here. Aye, Ah’ve hed a goodish bit o’ wark just liately. Goodish crop, a goodish price, an’ seea on.

GOON—A dress, er rayder a frock fer a woman; an’ Ah’ve hard fooak talk aboot a goonskirt, an’ a goon skirt pocket, an’ seea on.

GOOSE-SKIN—When ye’re starved, er flait, an’ yer skin o’ wrinkles up i’ lal bits o’ lumps, that’s gius-skin, acos Ah lite when gius is plooated reddy fer t’ yubben it’s t’ siam as neea matter.

GOOSE-STEE—Ye’ll see sometimes an auld steg popen aboot wi’ a stick hung tull his neck. That’s his stee; it’s seea as he ca’t smoot.

GOLLER, YOLLER—Crying out. Thoo’s neea need to goller an’ shoot, Ah izzant gaan ta rive thi heed off. But he was gaan ta poo a assel tiuth wi’ a pair o’ pliers—t’ chap mud weel goller.

GOWK—Pith; core; the heart of an apple, or of a tree.

GOWK—A clownish fellow. He was a gurt silly gowk ta gang an’ full t’ chimla wi’ streea, an’ than tie t’ door sneck fast. T’ miast on us hes bin miad April gowks afooar noo, seea we know what it is.

GOWL—Cry with pain. It miad me gowl when he poo’d mi assle tiuth oot.

GOWLEN—Howling; creat a great noise; the chang of the hounds. Give ower gowlen. Do ye hear t’ hoonds gowlen oot?

GO-BON, GO-SIMS, GOY-BON, GOY, GOX—These is o’ used asteed o’ war words, when some mack o’ soul relief is sairly needed i’ words.

GOFFISH—Slightly light-headed. He’s nobbut a bit goffish. Innocence is implied.

GOFFRAMITE—A silly fellow and mischievously disposed. T’ gurt silly gofframite, he act’ly driav a harrow tiuth i’ t’ grund whar his faddur was mowen, becos he’d hed him throo hands.

GOOSE-TURD-GREEN—Noo ye o’ know what that means, seea what for than stick yer nooases up at it? Read this lal bit frae a grand old parson co’ed Harrison, written when oor gurt good Betty was t’ Queen of England, ower three hundred years an’ mair sen. He says: “I might here name a sort of hues devised for the nonce wherewith to please fantastical heads, as goose-turd-green, peas porridge tawny, popingay blue, lusty gallant, the devil-in-the-head (I should say hedge), and such like.” That’s oot ov as canny a lal biuk ivver was printed, er Ah wadn’t ha put it in. Ye can snifter ’at wants.

GOWPIN—The two hands held together and used as a measure. A gowpin full o’ good stuff; put a gowpinful o’ bran in; an’ seea on.

GRIPPER—Yan at taks hauld o’ owt at t’ brass line an’ sticks tul’t.

GRAIN—Bait ov a lump o’ wood. Across t’ grain is when it’s summat ’at doesn’t chime in wi fooak’s temper.

GRADELY—Decent; menseful; fair. A gradely job.

GRANKLY, GRANKEN—Complainen, ailen. Hoo’s t’ mistress? Is she up afiut yet? Aye she’s howken aboot, but she’s a bit grankly.

GREASE-IN—To make up a quarrel with a bit of whakly talk; to gain favours by using an oily deceptive tongue.

GRAVEL-RESH—Bicycle riders ’ll tell ye aboot this yan; its when ye come doon an’ full t’ skin o’ ye wi’ muck an’ seck.

GREY-HEN—T’ bottle ’at a mower carries his looance in.

GRIAP—Ta catch fish wi’ kittlin’ them wi’ yer fingers.

GRIAP-HAULD—A good firm grip.

GRIAVE—Dig. We’ll griave t’ garden ower.

GRIME, GRIMY—Siut; smears. Thoo’s o’ grime. T’ kettle co’en t’ pan grimy.

GRIMIN—A slight covering. Ther’s bin a grimin o’ snow i’ t’ neet.

GRIPE—A large stable fork with four or five grains.

GRIPED—Seized with pain. Ah’s that griped Ah cart bide neea whar.

GRIPES—Barn belly wark.

GRIUN—A spot whar a swine wears t’ ring; fair on t’ end o’ t’ snoot.

GRIZZLED—Ah’ll tell thi what, thoo’s gaan grizzled i’ good time. Grey headed an’ grey whiskered was all the remark implied.

GROBBLE—Grope or probe. He war grobblen i’ mi gob wi’ his tankliments tell he brak’t, and he grobble, grobble, grobble tell he’d ta fetch a pair o’ pinchers tull ’t, t’ auld beggar. (An actual experience with the tooth puller.)

GROOAS—When a lad’s voice is brokken, er yan gits cauld i’ yan’s wind-pipe, yan’s voice is grooas. Rum an’ honey for ’t.

GRUNTEN—Grumbling. Some fooak’s niver reet if they’re net grunten.

GREEN-SIDE-UP—Land that is not ploughed but growing grass.

GREEN-CHRISTMAS—Oppen an’ neea snow. Said commonly that a green Christmas maks a fat kirk-yard.

GRAINS—Boughs. T’ grains reach ower t’ rooad.

GRAMMUCK—T’ watter’s as thick as grammuck, that is, puddle.

GRIP—A gutter, furrow, channel.

GRIUBY—Beardy; mucky. Thoo liuks varra griuby.

GRUB—Food. Ah’s off mi grub.

GRUND-WARK—A beef stiak or bowl o’ poddish is a good grund-wark fer a mial, but a gurt stian at boddum of a wo’s t’ grund-wark ment mainly.

GRAFT—A spiad-graft deep. The depth of the spade.

GRAITH—Condition. Ah’s i’ fair graith noo, ’at is Ah.

GRAITHE—Prepare, or put in condition. We’ll graithe t’ scythes up if it rains.

GRAND-SIRE—In the hamlet in which the writer was reared a small field is known as “Gransir Garth.” Obviously this is grandsire in an abbreviated form, and viewed in the light of the use now found for the fine old term “sire” it is interesting as a survival of what at one time was current.

GRATER—Wear away on a rough surface. But fooak say “it’ll grater mi inside oot, will yon auld draten fiddle,” meanen t’ soond will.

GREASEHORN—A flaup pot. Net varra mich account. Yan ’at gits bits o’ favours wi’ tellin bits of lees an’ tials aboot udders. A greasehorn’s aboot as nasty as owt yan o’ that soort can be co’ed efter.

GREASY-LEGG’D—Ass t’ vet. This izzant a doctor biuk.

GREASY-HEELED—Easy and fat. Nags hev ’t wi’ diun nowt.

GREET—Cry, whinge. Niver mind, du’t greet neea mair ower ’t.

GRYKE—A crevice in a floor. That shilling’s rowled intul a gryke, thoo may depend on’t.

GULDER—Ta gobble an’ shoot i’ talken.

GUIDE-STOOP—A post set up at cross roads with direction arms, purporting to guide the traveller on his way, but really for lads to practice the art of stone throwing on when herding. Ah speak from experience. It’s a remarkable illustration of public ignorance, that ever and again shows itself in the complaints of persons unable to read the names on the guide stoops at cross roads; that is not their purpose, as any lad of eight can testify.

GUIVERSOME—With avidity. Du’t eat seea guiversome.

GULLY—An open cutting or watercourse. Ther’s a lal bit gully ’at we jamp ower.

GUTS—Inside works. Ah’ve gitten t’ clock guts oot, but git them back Ah can’t fer mi life.

GUFFO—Peals o’ laughin’. He fetcht yah gurt guffo efter anudder, an’ t’ tears rowled doon his fiace wi’ fun.

GULLED—Deceived. Ah was gulled wi’ yon auld nag.

GULLY—A gurt whidderen knife, seck as t’ butchers use to stick sheep wi’, er they carve wi’ at a sial, an’ seck like.

GULLY-BAG—A leather pouch. What t’ butcher carries his gullies in.

GUMPTION—Sense of fitness; varra near t’ siam as gaum.

GURN—Gurn, an’ bide ’t. It’s good philosophy when ye ca’t run away frae ’t. Ah yance saw a fella gurnen throo a barfun fer a pun o’ bacca, an’ he gat it.

GURT—In love. Gurt wi’ t’ sarvant lass, eh? Pregnant. Gurt wi’ barn.

GURT-END—Gurt end, biggest part, main end, means the major portion, an’ that wad mean the biggest hauf, seea noo than what’s plainer?

GUT—Fiddle strings an’ fishin’ tomes. Nacken fooak durt like ta say cat-gut, seea t’ woman ass’d fer “a penn’oth o pussy bowels.”

GUTTER—A water course. Mind whar ye lowp, an’ durt fo’ i’ t’ gutter.

GUTTERAN—Repairing the roads or dike drains. He’s gutteran an’ menden t’ rooads, an’ seck like wark.

GYE—Crooked. Thi necktie’s o’ gye.

GYE-MOOTH—Gye-mooth, an’ gye-neck, an’ gye-nooas, they’re ther awn explainers—they’ll git nin frae me.

HACKEN AN’ COUGHEN—A bad do at t’ neet time when ye’ve a cauld.

HAUVES AN’ HAILES—Halves and wholes. And this reminds me of the old Lakelander whose money was all threepences and three-ho’pences (pints and gills), and to give a penny away spoiled a set.

HACK—A pick axe.

HACK-UP—To tear up with a pick axe.

HACKT—Chipt, crackt. Mi hands is o’ hackt wi’ t’ frost wind.

HAGSTOCK—A block to chop wood on.

HAILE or HAYLE—The handle of a plough.

HARDHEEDS—A flower resembling that of a thistle.

HARDLINS—Scarcely.

HACK-AN’-HEW—A bit o’ craft wi’ a scythe, rivin ’t up bi t’ riuts.

HACK-AN’-HASSLE—T’ siam wi’ a razor. Is ta shaven, er thoo’s skinnen mi? That’s hack an’ hassle.

HACK-DYKES—Ta mow aback o’ t’ dykes, whar t’ machine cart git tul. Lads mainly git t’ job o’ hackin dykes, an’ doesn’t it mak men o’ them when they stan up ta whet?

HACKER—Stutter.

HALE—Whole; healthy; sound. It’s a riut grown ’un is this. Hoo’s thi faddur? Hale an’ hearty.

HALLAN—A partition; a place walled off.

HANTEL—Supply; quantity. Tak a hantel o’ hay wi’ tha fer t’ hoggs.

HAPSHA-RAPSHA—How-scrow; ham-sam; hap-hazard.

HAVEY-SCAVEY—All in a mess. Throw them in havey-scavey.

HARRIDGE, or ARRIDGE—A fine edge, or line. A plewer, if he’s a good ’un, ’ll set it up with a good arridge. A knife will tak’ a good arridge. When ye’ve a good stomach, an’ can fell a good big basin o’ poddish, it’s becos ye’ve a good arridge. The pronunciation varies, and sometimes has the aspirate more clearly marked.

HAULD—Whar t’ fishes field under t’ breeas an’ stians. A back hauld’s summat ta set yer back again ta thrust. An’ when ye git a eel to deal wi’ ye’ll want a gay good hand-hauld on’t, er else it’ll be off. In wrestling it’s time ta start when they’ve “hauld.”

HAG-AN’-TRAIL—Cut an’ carry. It means ’at a man mun deea o’ ’at ivver he can fer hissel; he mun hag-an’-trail his awn.

HALLAK, HALLAKEN—To hallak about and hallaken about are two more terms of disgust at habits of idleness, or for men who do not honourably gain their living in independence and industry. It’s a pity that in our refinement we should have had to part with so many useful words, and to have encouraged bad habits by giving them an acceptable designation.

HAND-FASSENED—A bargain that is sealed only by striking hands over it—no payment or signature. He’d nobbut hand-fassen’d ’t, t’ fiul ’at he was, an’ t’ chap ran off.

HAND-OWER-HAND—As yan poos a car riap; also used as a term for wastefulness.

HAND-OWER-HEED—As yan dives inta debt.

HAND-STAFF—T’ snod-end of a flail’s co’ed t’ hand-staff.

HANK—Noo ye wrusslers, wi’ yer chips, this is yan, izzant it?

HANK, HANKLE, HANKLED—Engtangled. Wuns barns! We’re gaan on Ah’ll tell ye wi’ gurt words, an’ ye’ll want some if yer fishing tome gits hankled in a tree. An’ young fellows ’at’s gaan away frae hiam (an some ’at stop at hiam) they git hankled on wi’ bad company ’at’s t’ ruination o’ them. An’ a hank o’ wusset ’ll o’ gang intul a hankie when ye’re windin’ it.

HARD—Sour. This yal’s as hard as a whinstun.

HARD-ON—Close to. It’ll be hard on ta Christmas afooar we can come ta see ye.

HARD-WORD—Abuse. He gat t’ hard word frae t’ maister.

HARD-WATER—Spring watter ’at jikes when ye wesh in ’t.

HARD-HEEDS—Sowen gurt apples, an’ as hard as granite.

HASTER—A haster’s different frae a hadder. When it’s comen doon a regular haster ye know what ta deea.

HASTERED—With the skin roughened by contact with the weather, or disease. Yon nag’s o’ hastered.

HASTY-PUDDIN—Thick poddish an’ treacle. It’ll stick ta yer ribs.

HANGLIT—Hanglit on’t, asteed o’ war words when fooak loss ther temper.

HALLOW-ROOD—Holy cross, e.g., Hallow-rood, Hallow-rood-Fair, Hallow-mas-Day.

HACKLE—Fit; gear; tidy. Hackle thi’sel up a bit. Thoo’s poorly hackled fer this weather. Hackle t’ barn fer t’ skiul.

HAG—To chop with an axe. Hag it doon.

HAG-CLOG—A clog o’ wood ta hag on.

HAG-MA-NA—A new year’s gift. Ah’ve come ta lait mi hag-ma-na.

HAGS—Whar t’ wood’s been stubbed.

HAG-WORMS—Reptiles. As crazy as a hag worm.

HAKE—A merry do amang a lot o’ old women at t’ heed o’ some gurt event. An auld song says:

HAM-SAM—Indiscriminately. Hem! That’s nacken, an’ plenty on’t fer yance. Ham-sam’s when ye throw yer things by all in a fluster an’ hurry.

HANNIEL—A ho-buck an’ a hanniel. They mean a fellow ’at’ll jump ower a haystack ta git inta some mack o’ mischief.

HARD—Fierce, strong, when applied to the wind. Joe Steel says:

HARD-AGAIN—Close to. It’s hard again t’ fell sides.

HARD-HODDEN—This is yan ’at co’s in when we’re sair fashed aboot many things. Ah was hard hodden ta keep mi tongue atween mi teeth an’ keep frae tellen mi mind streck oot.

HAUF-THICK—A thick heed’s yan ’at’s nut o’ theer. T’ woman at t’ shop was tryen ta sell a chap a hat, but cudn’t suit him, an’ she kept on tellen him “It’s not such large heed, but it is such a thick heed.” Well, a hauf-thick’s yan ’at’s nobbut hauf as silly as a thick-heed.

HAVER—A haver an’ a hodder’s gay neear alike.

HAKE—Trail aboot. Ye wad hake yan aboot wi’ ye as lang as ivver yan could trail.

HAKEN—Dragging about. Ah’s fair doon sto’ed wi’ haken aboot efter yon ducks an’ things, they’re seck a boddur a to mi.

HAND-RUNNIN—Yan efter anudder, streck forard like.

HANKLATH—A pocket handkerchief.

HANKLOOT—A tooel. T’ hankloot aback o’ t’ door.

HANSEL—A first sale, a beginning. What, ye wad o’ ken Potter Jammy, an’ Jinny t’ wife. Whia, Ah’ve hard Jinny say ’t mair ner yance, “Noo than, will ye give us a hansel, ta-day? Deea noo!”

HAP—Cover. Hap yersel weel up fer it’s cauld eniuf ta starve a giavlock.

HAPPIN—Bed clothing. Hev ye plenty o’ happin on?

HAPPEN—Perhaps. Happen ye’ll len me sixpence?

HATHER, HEATHERAN, HADDER, HADDEREN—A heavy mist, as near rain as neea matter. Do ye think it’ll rain to-day? Nay, it’ll rain nin, nut it marry; it may hadder a bit. T’ party ’at assd knew neea mair ner a fiul what hadder meant, an’ they set off withoot top cooats, an’ come back wet throo, an’ gaan on aboot this hadder, an’ yan o’ them says, “Ye may nut hev ‘hed her’ but you’ve ‘hed huz.’” Fooak at sweets a lot ’ll say, “Ah’s o’ in a hather.” An’ mony a yan ’at’s bin oot ’ll come in an’ say, “It’s nivver geen ower hadderan sen Ah went oot.”

HAVER—Oats. That field o’ haver liuks weel.

HAVERBREAD—Bread made from haver meal. It is of various names: thick, thin, riddle, clap, girdle, squares, snaps, or treacle parkin, according to its preparation, which is various.

HAVER-GRUST—Oatmeal e’ t’ rough state.

HAVERMEAL—Oatmeal. Havermeal poddish fer yan’s supper.

HAVERMEAL-POOAK—A wallet that a beggar carries wi’ him to put his meal in when he gits eny gien.

HAVERSACK—A cleanish pooak wi’ t’ havermeal in ’t. Tak a haversack wi’ ye.

HANG-DOG—He liuks a reg’lar hang-dog liuk, he’s neea good.

HAWKY—Hod. What t’ wo’ers hes ta tek lime an’ stians up wi’; an’ t’ man ’at sarras t’ wo’ers.

HARDIN—Rough material used for coarse aprons. A hardin brat.

HARRIED—Tired; more than sufficient. Ah’s fairly harried. Ye’ve harried mi’ wi’ meat.

HARRY—When t’ poddish hes been sarra’d oot, an’ ther’s some left, that’s Harry.

HATTY-CAP—A lads’ gam.

HASK—Rough, dry, kizened. It maks yan’s hands hask to howk amang lime. Mi skin’s as hask as owt. Well waiter’s ower hask to wesh in.

HAUVED—A sheep mark. Hauf a lug off.

HAY-BAY—A great commotion. He kickt up a gurt hay-bay aboot his money.

HAFFLE—To waver; to speak unintelligibly.

HANSEL-MONDAY—The first Monday in the new year, when it is customary to make children and servants a present.

HAUNCH—To throw.

HANG-GALLOWS—A sheepish, slenkin appearance. He’d his heed doon atween his legs, an’ liukt a reg’lar hang-gallows liuk.

HARKS-’TA—Hear tha. Harks-ta at that noo, is that thunner?

HACKEN—A term of disgust. T’ gurt brossen hacken wad eat tell he dud hissel a mischief.

HEART-SLUFT—Sickened; sorrowful; cast-down. Ah was heart-sluft when Ah fand oot Ah’d ten mile ta walk ower t’ fell, an’ dark ano. She was heart-sluft when her mudder deed. They war heart-sluft when it rained day by day, an’ seea mich hay doon.

HEED-RIGGS—The unploughed margins, or the margins that are ploughed in a contrary direction owing to turning, er t’ heed riggs.

HER, SHE—Let her alian, noo she’s fit ta len oot, she’s a gay whent ’un is——. Ah won’t say wheea, but it’s a genuine Lakeland spak. A Highlander or a Welshman (vide “Valentine Vox”) we expect to hear use the feminine pronoun, but the above had reference to a man considerably advanced in years, and the practice among us of so alluding to men as “her” or “she” is further accentuated by another remark: “She’s a gay laddy fer suppin’ her yal, is Auld Jooan.”

HERON-SEW—A jammy-lang-neck. He shot oot a neck as lang as a heron-sew.

HET-FIUT—In a great haste, or, in a moment of excitement. Off Ah set, het-fiut, theear an’ than, at top o’ mi majesty, ta hev ’t oot wi’ him.

HET-WHITTLE—O’ t’ lads ’at ivver Ah kent knows what a het-whittle is. It’s ta booar a burtree gun, er owt else, oot wi’, an’ ye mak ’t het. An auld tally iron heater maks a grand ’un, but fairation, du’t gang an’ breck t’ tally iron becos Ah’ve telt ye.

HEAF, HEAF-GAAN—The pasture of a mountain sheep; ther native spot, an’ when they’re selt wi’ t’ farm they’re heaf-gaan.

HEAFED—As t’ heaf of a sheep is that particular part on which it has to secure its food, and to which it becomes attached, so a new sheep has to get heafed, and the word has an extended application to persons who are moving. They’ll like when they get heafed. Some niver deea heaf doon at a new spot, an’ some er siun heafed—they can heaf anywhar, varra near.

HECTOR—Wheea he was, an’ whar he co frae, an’ what he was aboot Ah’ve neea mair idea ner t’ deed, but as soor as Hector’s a varra common sayen.

HEEDAMANECKUM—This sud be “heed ’im” er “neck ’im,” neea doot—that is, “bi a heed,” er “bi a neck,” but it’s used as Ah’ve set it doon. He shot oot, si tha, t’ better leg first an’ off he went, lick fer smack, heedamaneckum. That’s yan ’at’s gaan ta win a rias. Anudder ’ll say siam as a chap was tellen mi yance, he was gaan ta t’ station ta gang bi t’ train ta Pe’rith, an’ ta git a bit bainer he cot ower a dyke on t’ line, an’ i’ runnen doon t’ batter he gat his fiut fast i’ yan o’ t’ wires they set ta catch pooachers, an’ poo t’ signals wi’, and seck. He was gangen at a gay good bat ta begin wi, an’ ower he went, heed ower heels, an’ landed i’ t’ gutter, heedamaneckum, an’ neea bark left on his snoot, an’ his dicky spoilt, an’ sair as a kyle.

HEEMER—Higher. A bit heemer up ner that.

HEEMEST—It’s t’ heemest o’ t’ lot.

HEART-BLOOD—Theer gahs a drop o’ heart bliud, they say, when yan sighs, and Herbert refers to this belief when he says:

HEATER—It’s an iron ta heat t’ iron, ta iron wi’, is t’ heater, seea noo than ye hev ’t, an’ o’ aboot it.

HEAT-DROPS—Gurt wallopin drops ’at come oot o’ t’ sky when it’s varra het an’ nut many cloods aboot.

HEAT-SPOTS, HEAT-LUMPS, HEAT-RASH—O’ these mean yah thing; it’s t’ bliud at gits oot o’ fettle when it’s seea het.

HECK—The place where hay and straw is put up for cattle to eat from. It is formed of bars, or rails.

HECK—A passage within a building. Famish spots fer boggles is t’ hecks.

HEE-BUR, HEE-BER—Rising ground on the side of the Lyvennet.

HEE-FLOWN—A body’s ’at’s gurt ideas. Yan ’at’s a bit ov a temper, teea.

HEE-MOOR—Likely frae t’ time afooar t’ common went up.

HEE-GARY—It means a hee temper. A chap when he’s hed a bit ov a tiff wi’ his best lass, an’ sets off an’ ’lists, does it in a hee-gary. Many a yan leeves ta be sooary fer deein’ things in a hee-gary.

HEFT—Handle of a knife.

HEG—See egg.

HEFTIN—A putting up. Ah gat a heftin wi tryin’ ta carry that pig on mi rig.

HEG-BATTLE—Yan ’at breeds mischief. Ther’s nearly allus a heg-battle amang a lot. He tells yan a bit ov a tial aboot what anudder’s been sayen er diun: than he gahs back an’ puts a bit tult. T’ next thing he says ’at seea an’ seea ’ll feit, an’ he gits them tagidder. Noo than, says he, t’ better cock spit ower my thum, an’ he sticks his thum oot, an’ likely biath ’ll spit, than yan o’ them gies tudder his coo bat, er tig, an’ a duel i’ miniature is t’ result.

HEG-BERRY, HECK-BERRY—Dog-cherry. We used ta lait them i’ t’ dikes.

HELM-WIND—Aboot t’ Brough Hill time o’ t’ year ther’s mair fooak knows aboot it ner cares. It’s when t’ wind comes off t’ fells in a bad temper, an’ fit ta skin a tiad. It’s grand when it’s blowin’ stacks ower, riven trees up, an’ clashen t’ hens an’ t’ turkeys aboot like flees. Noo them ’at’s nivver seen a helm-wind at its warst du’t know iv’rything ther is i’ seck a simple thing as t’ wind.

HERD—Herden t’ kye i’ t’ looanens. It’s a dowly job fer yan, but some lads Ah kent lang sen used ta mak some fun fer thersels wi’ hevin riases. Yan riad on an auld black cowey, an’ tudder on a cuddy, an’ ta this day they’ll talk aboot it, an’ laugh tell ther sides wark, an’ ta liuk at them ye wad think they war biath ower mome an sooaber fer owt but a funeral.

HERDWICKS—A lish mak o’ lal sheep ’at gahs on t’ fells.

HESP—A door sneck; yan at gah’s ower a stiaple.

HESPIN—A vigorous determined effort. He was hespin intul ’t wi’ a rattle.

HEFTED—Established. He gat hissel fairly weel hefted in, an’ nin o’ them cud touch him.

HELPLY—An’ this is a good auld hes been, fer a helply mak ov a body’s yan ’at’ll deea a good turn when we’re sair in need on’t.

HEN-PEN, HEN-BANE—It’s bane o’ owt else besides hens, an’ Ah never saw yan written, did ye?

HECK-BOARD—A loose board at the back of a cart.

HEUCK—Hook; a crook; a sickle.

HEAVY-TAILED—This refers to the magnitude of wealth a prospective bride may possess. In some cases they are brokkun backt’ ’t; an’ in some they’re leet i’ t’ heed.

HEMP—A rough hardy fellow, wi’ nut ower mich manners. Thoo’s a gurt rough hemp.

HETHER-FACED—A bit stubbly.

HEEZE-UP—Lift up.

HEV—Have.

HED—Had.

HEED—What Ah’ve kent ye bi heed this many a year. It means ta know wheea ye er, what ye deea, an’ whar ye co’ frae withoot hev’in a speaken acquaintance. Yah auld chap was nooated becos iv’rybody he met he kent bi heed.

HEED-WARK—Red campion.

HIAMS—These is things ’at nags is yoked tull, but what they er caps me ta tell ye. Some fooak co’ them homes, some hames, but we stick tult auld ’uns—hiams.

HIDE-BUND—A complaint amang t’ kye ’at’s crippled.

HIGH-LOW—A card gam. High-low, Jack an’ t’ gam.

HIGH-LOWS—A mack o’ shoon ’at come ower t’ ancle.

HIGHT—A chap ’at’s seea greazy ’at he’ll put ye in his pocket yah day, an’ t’ next snap yer heed off. Ther’s an auld sayin’ aboot this but space an’ seck hinders me frae putten ’t in. Ye’ll o’ happen think on ’t noo. Ah wonder what auld Parson Harrison wad think aboot us an’ oor memo ways aboot t’ words ’at he used.

HIRPLE, HURKLE—Ah’ve put these tweea tagidder fer they’re a draft, Ah think. They mean ta limp. Ah can hardly hirple fer corns. Ta sidle up to. He wad hurkle up tull her if he hed t’ least lal bit ov a chance.

HITCH—To hop on one foot. Hoo far can thoo hitch?

HITCHI-POT, HITCHI-BED—A gam ’at lasses laik at wi’ bits o’ pot, an’ they hitch it aboot o’ yah fiut.

HITTY-MISSY—A ning-nang sooart ov a chap ’at’s easy put off, an’ izzant varra particular aboot keepen his word, er diun as he says he will. Also something of which there is much doubt, as, for instance, the continuance of fine weather, the success of some undertaking depending on many circumstances. He’s nobbut a hitty-missy customer, izzant yon; ye mun watch him. Oor picnic’s a Setterda, an’ it’s hitty-missy fer a fine day for ’t, t’ way t’ glass is gaan doon.

HIUK, HIUKS—A coo wi’ a hiuk doon liuks aboot as funny as a chap wi’ yah lug. What a hiuk is ye mun ass t’ coo doctor. Ah nivver saw inside o’ yan.

HIAM-SPUN—A rough article of any sort is said to be a hiam-spun ’un. A person of homely and unaffected ways is hiam-spun, and drink that is brewed at home is hiam-spun.

HIDEN—A thrashing. Ah gat a hidin for ’t.

HIE—Hurry. Hie thi ways hiam honey ta thi mudder.

HINDERENDS—Kaff an’ seck ’at comes oot through t’ deetin machine.

HIP-HAWS—Hawthorn berries.

HISK—To draw the breath through the closed teeth, making a hissing noise. A sign of alarm or fear. Thoo fair maks yan hisk wi’ thi tials aboot goasts.

HIULET—An owl. Commonly known amang lads as a jinney-hiulet.

HIUZ—A nasty, plagy cough, frae a ticklin’ throoat. That coo hez a nasty hiuz wi’ ’t; it’s a bit o’ turnip i’ t’ throoat.

HIUZENS—Husks. Broon leemers ’ll shell oot o’ ther hiuzens.

HITHER AND YON—Here and there.

HICK-HAW—A cuddy love-song.

HIND—A farm manager who lives on the farm, and carries it on as a farmer would.

HINGKAPONK—An imposter, or deceiver. Thoo’s an auld leein hingkaponk, an’ Ah wadn’t believe thi as far as Ah cud throw a bull bi t’ tail.

HIT-ON, HAT-ON—Agree. They niver cud hit-on. Meet. We hat-on at public hoose.

HIDDLEINGS—On t’ sly. T’ lasses mead a gurdle ceak ta-day on t’ hiddleings when t’ mistris was et market. Just like a lass trick!

HIG—A bit o’ hee-flown temper. Ah went off i’ a hig.

HIGHTY-TIGHTY—A skip jack mak ov a body, wi’ mair wind ner woo’.

HING—A male salmon or trout.

HIPPIN—A baby’s under-wraps. It’s fer ther bits o’ hips, siam as leggins is fer t’ legs.

HINK, STRIDE, AN’ LOWP—Athletic exercise. Hop, step, and jump.

HICKLEDY-PICKLEDY—He threw them in hickledy-pickledy, gurt an’ lal, soond er unsoond. It means mixed up, without order or arrangement.

HOTCHEY-CAP, HATTY-CAP—A lad’s gam wi’ a bo’ an’ ther hats, o’ set in a row ta throw intul.

HODDER—A sticker. Yan ’at never leaves lowse o’ owt, he’s a hodder.

HOD-IN—A plewer’s instructions tull his nags.

HOD-OFF—T’ siam again.

HOD-HARD—“Hod hard, Thomas, mi fiut’s gitten hankled i’ t’ car riap”—t’ fact was he was trailen ahint t’ car ’at Thomas was driven fer o’ he was worth, an’ t’ lad wanted him ta stop but dudn’t like ta say seea. It’s a good thing i’ life ta know when ta hod-hard a bit an’ liuk aroond whar t’ next step’ll leet.

HOD-ON—When t’ car gahs on wi’ a liad o’ hay on an’ yan’s atop on’t, hod on.

HOGG—A sheep; a swine; an idle mucky body.

HOG-WHOLS—Smoots i’ t’ wo’s fer sheep ta gang throo, oot o’ yah field ta anudder.

HONK—Ah’s nearly sham’d o’ putten these mack doon, but they’re theer an’ Ah mun deea ’t. Thoo gurt idle honk, thoo; thoo’ll honk aboot anyway afoor thoo’ll buckle ta some wark.

HOOD, HOODEN—What they hap stook heeds up wi’.

HOPPET, HOPPER—What a sower carries his seed in when he goes forth to sow.

HOPPLE—To tie a nag’s legs tagidder, seea as it ca’t gah far away.

HOW—Hoe.

HOW-SCROW—In confusion. Mair nacken. We’re o’ how-scrow at oor hoose, wi’ weshin an’ seck like bodderment. Ye cart git yer nooase intul t’ whol hardly—that’s how-scrow.

HOWKS—A gristly substance that grows over the eyes of a pig. Oor pig’s gitten t’ howks.

HOWKS—A disease amongst cattle and swine, followed in the former case by sudden death unless the animal is bled.

HOWKS—When one person takes in another in trading, or gets something out of another by unfair means.

HOBBLY—Rough, uneven.

HOLY-STONES—Stones with a natural hole through them, hung up in stables as a charm against disease.

HORNEY—The tip of a cow’s horn made into a top.

HORSE-SHOES—The game of quoits.

HOODWINK—In hiding. They’ve a few cotters i’ hoodwink.

HOTTER—A body’s sair hodden when they can hardly hotter an’ walk.

HOWDER—Havoc. T’ frost’s played howder wi’ berry trees.

HO-BUCK—A gurt lammasen lad ’at ’ll jump ower a hoose, an’ can’t sit whiatly fer his life, an’ ’ll gang ower dikes an’ wo’s an’ gutters fer a breck—we co him a ho-buck. Yan ’at izzant ower mannerly, an’ does things ’at he owt ta be ashamed on—he’s a ho-buck.

HOGGUS—T’ oot-buildens away frae t’ farm-hoose, whar t’ young beeas is kept, an’ t’ sheep sarra’d i’ winter. Famish spots fer gitten flayed in is t’ hogguses.

HOLME—A low level tract of land by a river or stream, e.g., Eden Holme.

HOBSON’S CHOICE—That er nin.

HOCKER, HOCKEREN—A chap ’at izzant ower lish ’ll hocker ower a wo er on ta a nag back as weel as he can. An’ sometimes if ye ass a nebbur hoo he’s gaan on he’ll say, “Ah’s hockeren on as weel as Ah can,” an’ ye know at yanse ’at that izzant as weel as he could like.

HOD-DEEA—Yan ’at’s a hindrance. Sista come oot o’ t’ way, thoo’s nowt but a hod-deea.

HOD-DEEA—Noo a hod-deea’s summat ’at yan does fer t’ love o’ t’ thing, siam as Ah’s stringin’ o’ this riapment tagidder aboot oor auld talk. A chap ’ll garden fer a hod-deea, er he’ll keep hens, er fish, er fiddle. Owt i’ t’ natur ov a hobby ’at’s diun at odd times fer a change. Many a man’s a gay bit better fer hevvin a good hod-deea.

HODFAST—An iron hook for holding a rain water spoot up.

HOFFS—Hips. Ah’s as sair as sair aboot t’ hoffs wi’ mowin.

HONESTY—It grows i’ t’ garden—sometimes.

HOOK-IT—Get off sharp. Thoo mun hook it as hard as thoo can. He’s hook’t-it—run away from his place.

HOOK’T-IT—Gone off. He’s gian an’ hook’t it wi’ my watch on him.

HOOASE-FOOAK—Dudn’t Ah tell ye ’at fooak’s fooak yut wi’ huz? Whia an’ t’ hoose fooak’s them at stops at hiam an’ du’t gah oot ta work i’ t’ fields.

HO’-PLAISTER—Plaster of Paris. Is them ornyments marble? Nay, they’re ho-plaister.

HOTCHT-UP—Get together more closely. That’s varra nice, an’ soonds grand, but ta hotch-up er git hotcht-up is a different thing. A chap ’ll hotch-up ta mak room on a seat withoot gitten up. Fooak ’ll hotch-up ta yan annudder acos they like to be clooas aside o’ them; an’ sometimes they’re hotcht-up becos they mun be, whedder they want er nut.

HOW-WAY—Coo language—Hoy! how-way. Dog language—How-way by! Barn language—How-way hiam as hard as thoo can leddur.

HOOSE-AN’-HARBOUR—Shelterless; deserted. They’ll eat ye oot o’ hoose an’ harbour.

HORN—Impudence. Thoo’s ower mich horn fer me.

HORSIN-STIAN, HORSIN-STEPS—T’ steps whar t’ riders “horse,” or mount. Mainly again t’ stiable door.

HOW—Hollow; empty. Ah’ve hed neea breakfast, an’ Ah’s as how as Ah can be for ’t. Thoo liuks varra how.

HOW-BACKT—A nag wi’ a hollow spot i’ t’ back. Ah saw yan yance, an’ t’ cart saddle went intul t’ how spot.

HOW-SEEDS—They beat t’ fire wi’ them when they’re biaken havver-breed. They’re t’ huizens off wots ’at’s gaan to be grun.

HOWK—Howk thisel off hiam. It means ta hook it, er git off reet sharp.

HOP-SCOTCH—Hitchipot.

HOIDER—Summat varra rough an’ hard i’ t’ talken line. Ah threw t’ cart ower at t’ gap steed an’ t’ maister play’d hoider ower ’t.

HOWKEN—Howken aboot fer owt he can git. It’s yan ’at’s allus glooaren aboot him fer a good bargen, an’ owt else.

HOWK—“Howks, grubs, an’ worms fra under t’ under breeas,” says Whiteheed; it means ta grobble for them, an’ howk them oot.

HOWK—To turn things over when searching.

HOWK—To scoop out; howk a whol; howk t’ inside oot.

HOB—T’ guardian imp o’ t’ fireside, hob, hood, or t’ rannel baulk. It is recorded of one of these who made himself so familiar that the family decided to remove out of his way, and one of the family on the eve of the removal met with him in the byre and asked what he was up to there, got for a reply, “Oh, nowt; nobbut greasen mi shoon; we’re gaan ta skift ta-morn.” Hob was gaan ano, seea they stopped on.

HONEY—A term of endearment for a child. Come in, honey, an’ gang ta bed; an’ if thoo doesn’t deea as thoo’s telt, Ah’ll clash thi lugs fer thi.

HONEY-FO—A bit o’ good luck i’ t’ legacy line. An’ it maks things gah as snod as t’ sugared dew ’at maks t’ looanens seea sweet.

HONEY-FO—Ah’s neea botanist, naturalist, herbalist, ner nowt o’ that mack, but fer o’ that on a fine day i’ July, when t’ sun’s shinen, an’ t’ birds is singen, an’ t’ tree leaves glissen an’ shine, an’ t’ bees buzz amang them, an’ ther’s bin a honey-fo’, Ah like ta be i’ t’ looanens.

HOW-I’-T’-WAME—Big i’ t’ belly.

HORROCK—Played horrock amang ’t.

HODDEN—Held.

HODDEN-GRAY—Cliath miad oot o’ woo ’at’s left its nat’ral colour without dyein.

HUMPING—Crying. What’s ta humpin aboot?

HUMMER—An expletive, a mild oath. Thee gah ta hummer, an’ tak’ thi auld nag wi’ tha. Hummer it, Ah’ve knock’t mi’ finger nail off.

HUMMERY—Oh, hummery ta seck as thee.

HUBBLESHOO—A gurt nurration an’ fluster. Ther was seck a hubbleshoo i’ oor henhoose as yan niver hard, an’ it was a wizzle efter t’ chickens.

HUFF—In a nasty temper.

HUNSIP, HUNSIPEN—A bit ov a streitnen oot wi’ t’ use o’ varra bad words. Ah niver gat seck a hunsipen ower owt be neabody as Ah dud ower that auld hare Ah shot.

HUSSIF—A holder for pins and needles, made of cloth, and folds up into a small compass.

HUFT—Bad temper’d. A bit huft; in a huff. Ah was huft ta think on’t.

HUGGIN—As mich streea, er hay, er owt o’ that sooart as yan can carry at yance, that’s a huggin. As mich yal as a chap can carry an’ walk streck; that’s a huggin, ano.

HUGGIN-AN-POOIN—This is efter t’ siam strain as hag-an-trail, an’ some fooak er said ta be huggin an’ pooin thersels ta death fer t’ siak o’ siaven brass.

HULK—An idle lout. Git oot o’ mi rooad, thoo gurt idle hulk thoo, fer thoo’s nowt else. It has been remarked that as our fore-elders were of a roving, marauding character, their language and ours naturally represents much of that kind of life. A closer acquaintance with the folk speech and a fuller appreciation of the significance of its words reveals the instinctive hatred of all that is mean, deceitful, or underhand. No one can understand fully such a word as “hulk,” the tone in which it is used of sheer disgust, without feeling that it comes from an inherent dislike of the thing signified.

HULKEN—Idling, lounging ways. T’ gurt hulken, he rayder hulk aboot an’ deea owt but work.

HULL—Whar they keep cauves an’ swine, ta be sewer.

HUMLY-CUMLY—A lad’s game o’ hoppen like a tiad.

HUSK—Hoarse. Ah’ve a bad cauld, an’ Ah’ve bin as husk as husk fer ower a week, an’ Ah’ve neea doot but a drop o’ rum an’ honey wad skift it.

HUSSLE—What for does thoo hussle like that? Fooak ’ll say thoo’s t’ scab. It means ta hotch yer back up amang yer duds.

HUTTY-BACKT—Spinal curvature.

HUPE-BAN—A band for the hips. T’ auld fashioned tailors used ta put yan on yan’s troosers an’ aboot three buttons, but lauve in days yan wad be laft at ta ass fer yan noo-a-days.

HUPE-BUN—A bit stiff an’ that aboot t’ hips, makken fooak walk as if ther feet wer tied tagidder.

HUZZ, HUZZ’D, WHUZZ, WHUZZ’D—These is o’ yah mak, an’ they’re akeen ta ooze, whiz, an’ seea on. Ooze means to come oot whiat an’ stiddy; huzz an’ hiuz means ta come oot, but in a hurry, an’ makkin a bit o’ stir aboot it. Water ’ll fair huzz throo a lal whol; seea will bliud oot ov a pig throoat. A lad ’ll send a stian oot ov his sling, an’ say, “By gen! dud thoo hear t’ whuzz!”

HUG—Wrestling. Tak hauld o’ hands wi’ yah hand apiece, an’ git hauld o’ yan anudder wi’ t’ tudder, an intul’t wi’ t’ feet; a gay lish fellow hes t’ best chance.

HUPE—Around the body at the hips. He’s gay middlen o’ hiup.

HURREN—A shoolen, slenken, shafflen sooart ov a chap ’at’s sense left ta be shamm’d ov hissel, gahs hurren by fooak wi’ his heed doon.

HUGGIN’ AN’ LUGGIN’—Nursing an’ suckling an infant.

HUGGINS—The hips. She’d t’ barn astride ov her huggin an’ a canful o’ watter e’ tudder hand.

HYPE—A chip i’ wrusslin. When tweea kye feit, they deea t’ hype. They stick a horn in, an’ lift up, an’ sometimes tak t’ skin off.

ILLION-END—A wax-end.

ILL-GREEN—Badly disposed. An ill-green auld tyke.

ILK—Family; breed. He’s yan o’ t’ siam ilk.

ILL—Nut badly, but vile an’ bad. An ill-liukin’ thing, an ill-wind, an’ seea on.

ILLIFY—To slander or defame. Sista, he dud iv’rything ’at laid i’ his poor ta illify me at mi spot.

ILL-MEZZUR—Hard usage. A briakin, a cottonin, an’ sec. Ther war tweea or three ugly liuken thieves darken aboot, an’ he was flait o’ gitten ill-mezzur frae them gaan hiam.

IMP—A mischievous barn’s varra oft co’d a poky lal imp.

IN—Permissible; to be allowed. Nay, come noo, that izzant in at neea price.—meaning that something referred to is unfair.

ING, INGS—A field and place name—Wood Ing, Main Ing, Hard Ing, The Ings, an’ sec like.

INGLE, INGLE-NIUK—Yah while it’s set doon at some ov oor auld ingles hed hed a fire allus burnen i’ them fer generations, but it’s a fashion ’at’s deein oot, as cooal gits mair common, an’ t’ turf and peat scarcer. But ther’s some conny auld ingle-niuks up an’ doon amang us, an’ they’re famish spots ta sit an’ tell boggle tials when t’ wintry neets is on, an’ t’ wind’s bealen doon t’ chimla, an’ iv’ry rattle maks yan’s skin creep up yan’s back wi’ t’ thowts o’ t’ awful things ’at yance war seen.

INKER—The eatable contents of a beggar’s wallet.

INKLEWEAVERS—They’re as thick as inkleweavers. Inkle is a rough mak o’ braid, er tape, an’ t’ weavers on ’t war some off-comers ’at leeved bi thersells an’ keeped thersels ta thersels a gay bit, an’ seea t’ spack gat set off when it hed a meanin’ an’ it sticks on when an’ whar it hes nin o’ nowder.

INKLIN—A brief hint. Awovver, Ah gat an inklin o’ what they war efter.

INTACK—A field name.

IS, IZZANT—Ther tweea varra nearly tak’ t’ place of am an’ are. Ah is badly; thoo is a fiul; them tweea izzant oors; we’st be theer.

IN-BANK—Doon hill. It’s o’ inbank frae Pe’rith.

IN-ANUNDER—Underneath. Dud thoo see that gurt whelken rattan gah in anunder t’ coorn kist?

IVERSOME—Always. Iversome at yan aboot it.

JACKY-STENS—A lass gam.

JACKSONED, JACKSONIN—Thrashed, thrashing. He gat amang a lot o’ potters at Brough Hill, an’ they gev him sec a Jacksonin as he’ll nivver fergit.

JAGG—A journey. We’ll gang anudder jagg. A load; we’ve nobbut a lile jagg left; turn to pay; Oh! Ah’ll stand mi jagg.

JACKI-NAPES—A mischievous lad. He’s bin i’ mischief again, hes he; he’s a young jacki-napes ta be sewer.

JANGLIN—Domestic discord. Says Bowness:

JABBER—Talk, an’ plenty er ower mich on ’t. Ther jabber’s nivver diun.

JACKET—Skin, Ah’ll warm thee thi jacket. ’Taties boiled i’ ther jackets.

JACKILEGS—Pocket knife. Ah’ve a famish good jackilegs at Ah’ll gie thi for ’t, if thoo’l cowp mi.

JADE—A gay lish jade, not meaning anything but approval, of an active, stirring woman. A gurt idle jade has the opposite meaning.

JADDUR—Vibrate. Hem! Du’t clash t’ door teea like that, thoo maks iv’ry pot i’ t’ hoose jaddur. Clashen aboot, thoo’s warse ner a bull in a pot shop.

JANNOCK—Fair-play. Noo that’s a lang way off bein’ jannock.

JANT—A journey for pleasure. We’ll hev a jant oot efter tea.

JARBLE—To smear with mud. Thoo’s jarbled o’ thi pettycooats.

JAUM—“T’ jaum” is generally used for chimney piece, but t’ door jaum an’ t’ winda jaum er theer ano.

JAW—This means tongue, an’ plenty on ’t. Let’s hev nin o’ thi jaw.

JAW’D—Abused. He jaw’d me rarely when Ah spak tull him fer his awn good.

JERRY—They’re varra few noo, er t’ jerries, whar they sell yal without ass’in t’ Queen, an’ mak ther awn. If they’re co’ed jerry whols acos o’ t’ bad yal they sell, ther’s neea wonder at “jerry” bein’ used fer seea many maks o’ thing ’at’s up to varra lal.

JET, JERK, JERT—To throw a stone by bringing the elbow in contact with the side, instead of the usual over-arm method of throwing. Ah cud varra near jet it as far as thoo can throw ’t.

JET—To shake hands. Children’s rhyme, as follows:

JIB—Face. Hod up thi jib tell Ah wesh ’t. Near to Shap on the Appleby road is a point spoken of as t’ “Jib.” “We war gaan ower t’ Jib afooar ye come ta t’ Rakes,”—from which it almost seems that the crest of a hill or the edge; of a higher level is known as a Jib.

JIG, JIGGEN—Fussing about. Thoo’s jiggen aboot i’ good time ta-day.

JIKE—To squeak. Mi shun is jiken leddur. T’ watter’s that hard it varra near jikes when yan weshes yansel wi’ ’t.

JIMMERS—Hinges. T’ door jimmers wants greasin’.

JIMMY-TWITCHER—A wire-worm wi’ as many feet o’ them as thers days in a year.

JINNY-SPINNER—A lang legged moth ’at likes a leet.

JIMMY, JAMMY, JADY, JADE—James. An’ yan jammies a bit sometimes when yan’s mair ner yan can carry streck.

JIMP—Cut out neatly. Thoo mun jimp it off nicely at t’ corners.

JIMPT—Scanty; pinched. Thoo’s jimp’t it off far ower short at t’ back.

JIP, GYP—What we co’ oor cooaly, but when a lad gits a good twanken, that’s gip, ano! A bad lad; he’s a reg’lar gyp.

JISTE—Jisting oot, like beese ’at’s fest oot ta gerse.

JOGGLE—Loose. This seat joggles aboot. To overflow. It was that full that some on’t wad joggle ower. Remind. He’ll mebbe fergit, but thoo mun joggle his mem’ry.

JOCKY-TRODDLE—A bit o’ horse swappin’ mack o’ craft.

JORAM—A joram o’ yal, a joram o’ physic—it’s evident that wheeaivver gits a joram, gits rayder mair ner’s good.

JOSS—To crowd. We joss’d again yan anudder.

JOSSEN—Crowded; squeezed. They war jossen aboot i’ lumps.

JOWL—To shake up. Thoo mu’t jowl t’ can at o’ er thoo’ll spill t’ milk. An ugly blow. Ah catcht mi heed seck a jowl over t’ jaum. To knock; to bring in collision. Ah’ll jowl yer heeds tagidder if ye can’t be whiat.

JONK—A rough journey. Ah com ower t’ fell tudder neet fra Mardle, en Ah hed a tur’ble jonk.

JOWK—To clash aboot.

JOWEL—The arch of a bridge.

JOY, DOY—An endearing pet name. Come thi ways joy ta thi auld ganny fer a berry shag. Did um doy? We’ll gie them ’t.

JONATHAN—A kind o’ ket miad oot o’ how-seeds ta mix wi’ haver meal. Jonathan hed’nt ower good a reputation amang fooak ’at hed ta leeve a gay deal o’ poddish, fer it maid them varra bitter, an’ neabody but millers thowt owt on ’t.

JOIST—Agistment. See Jiste.

JUD—An ugly push. He catcht mi sec a jud i’ t’ ee wi’ his gurt hard elbow.

JUMP—When a blacksmith wants ta shorten an’ thicken owt he jumps it, an’ when a cricket bo’ hits ye on t’ thumb end and sends it up tweea er three inch it’s jumped. A chap gahs ta t’ toon an’ co’s back wi’ his nooas stuck up, nacken like rotten sticks—he’s jumped up. Miss. We’ll jump that sum, it’s a hard ’un. Ah war fair jumpen mad wi’ t’ tic. Ther’s tweea er three mair macks o’ jumps, but that’s eniuf, an’ eniuf’s plenty.

JUMPER—A drill for blasting purposes. A Welshman tells mi ’at it’s what they co’ them teea. Yance Ah ass’d an auld chap what yan was, and he said “a kurn jumper.” That wad be a up an’ doon kurn, Ah reckon, an’ ye hev ’t ta nowt.

JYSELIN—It means the swaymish gait of a young chap ’at hardly knows hoo ta hod hissel amang fooak. Many a yan jysles a bit when they’re oot o’ ther element ’at gahs streck as a seeve amang t’ nags an’ t’ kye.

KAIL-POT—An iron pan. But makkin broth is co’ed boilen t’ pot.

KATE-AN’-DAVID—Tweea ’at’s varra thick.

KATIN-AN’-SIAVIN—Scriapin a bit tagidder, an’ takken care on ’t. That’s katin-an’-siavin.

KELTEREN—Stuff ’at’s lowse an’ scrowen aboot amang yan’s feet’s said ta be kelteren aboot. Hoo can yan git on wi’ yan’s wark wi’ seea mich streea kelteren aboot wharivver yan puts yan’s feet doon!

KEDGE—Kedge an’ kite mud ha been yan, as nar as Ah can tell ye. It’s t’ wiam again.

KEEABER—Kelterment an’ rubbish.

KEEK—A squinten, peepen, pinken trick is this—keep off’t. Peeped. He was flait o’ missin summat, an’ keekt ower t’ winda blind.

KEK—Turn-up. Kek t’ cart up i’ t’ cart hoose. Sticking oot. Durt kek thi gurt feet up like that, er somebody’s gaan ta tum’le ower them. To trip up. Ah kek’t him ower as grand as ivver thoo saw owt i’ thi life.

KELDERMENT—A conglomeration of incongruous parts (cush barn!). Say it’s a lad’s pocket ’at’s ower full, an’ his mudder hes ’t turned oot. Ther’ll be a crib chain, a bit o’ flint an’ an auld rasp, his jackilegs, an’ as mich string as wad hang him, a teetolly if it’s Christmas time, an’ a rusty nail er tweea, a bit o’ indy if he gahs ta t’ skiul, an’ his sliat cloot, an’ a stump er mair o’ pencil, an’ happen aboot t’ last thing’s an inch o’ twist, ’at he ca’t tell hoo that’s gitten in. His mudder co’s it a heap o’ kelderment.

KELK—Anudder dignified term (nacken again) for a salute. Ah gat a kelk i’ t’ stomach wi’ yon young imp ’at Ah’s nut fergit fer a bit.

KELL, KELD—A spring or well, found in place names, e.g., Gunner-Keld, Salkeld, Threlkeld, &c.

KELTER—Money.

KEMP—A rough fellow. He’s a gurt cooarse kemp ’at is he. He izzant fit to hev a cuddy.

KEN—Know. Ah dud’nt ken thi i’ that hat. See; perceive (hem!). It was varra nar dark, but Ah cud ken summat afooar mi.

KEN’D—Saw. Ah just ken’d him as he was turnen in ta t’ fauld.

KENNIN’—Knowing. Thoo does grow! Ah’s sewer thoo gits oot o’ kennin’ barn.

KENSELIN—A thrashing. Thoo’ll git a kenselen if thi mudder catches thi smiuken bacca. It izzant bacca, it’s fooal-fiut.

KENT—Knew. We kent yan anudder when we war lads.

KEP—Catch. Ther’s mair fooak can kep ner can keep. Crecketers can kep t’ bo’ at times.

KESH—A dried stalk, seck as brocoli, cicely, an’ seea on. As dry as a kesh; ther’s nowt mich ta be gitten oot ov a kesh.

KESLOP—As tiuf as keslop. It’s t’ rennet to put i’ milk ta mak cheese on.

KESSEN—Cast. A sheep er a nag er a coo ’at gits kessen is in a varra strait spot, laid fair on t’ back an’ can’t stir leg ner limb, an’ yan hes ta lift a bit ta git them upended. Bent wi’ t’ sun, siam as t’ chap legs. When someone telt him they war varra bowed, “Aye,” sez he, “they’re a bit kessen wi’ t’ sun.”

KEST—Whemmle. Swarm. T’ bees is gaan ta kest.

KET—Ah’ve neea casion ta say ’at ket’s summat o’ neea ’coont. Owt ’at’s nasty ket is up ta nowt. An t’ aulder end ’ll varra oft say, “keep frae amang seck nasty ket,” when they mean bad mannered fooak.

KEVEL—A blunderen awk’ard way. Kev’len aboot i’ thi gurt clogs. Anudder an’ yan mair tull t’ lot o’ niams fer a rattle on t’ lug. He catch’t him a nasty kevel wi’ his flat hand.

KEYED, KEYEN—When t’ maut gits intul a chap’s legs an’ they plet a bit as he stackers frae yah side o’ t’ looanen tul tudder, he’s keyen a bit an’ his legs is keyed.

KEY-STAN—Ah’ve kent many a queer ’un, but si’sta thoo’s t’ key-stan o’ t’ lot. That’s fully explained.

KENSPACKABLE, KENSPECKLE—Conspicuous; easily picked out. He’d nobbut yah lug, an’ it maks a body varra kenspeckle.

KET-CRAW—A carrion crow.

KENT-GRUND—It’s when yan knows whar yan is, an’ yan’s varra feet seems ta ken o’ aboot it.

KETTLE-O’-FISH—A sad mess. That’s a bonny kettle-o’-fish, awivver, ’at is ’t.

KEW—Fettle. Ahs a fair good kew fer a few poddish. His nooase gat knockt oot o’ kew wi’ feitin.

KEEP—Food. He was worken fer nowt nobbut his keep an’ happen a bit bacca.

KIAD—A sheep loose er a bug. Ther nasty creepen kittlen things ta git on ta yer body. What ye’ll ha seen them sauven an’ dippen, Ah lite; that’s on account o’ t’ kiads an’ t’ wicks amang t’ woo’.

KIAVE—Noo that’s a grand ’un, an’ signifies wiaden aboot amang snow, er gerse, er muck. We kiave aboot frae mornen ta neet.

KIAV’D—We kiav’d through; got through a difficulty anyhow. They kiav’d doon t’ middle o’ ther bit—that is they wasted t’ middle, an’ warrant ower nice wi’ t’ sides.

KIAVEN—Always busy diun nowt. They’re allus kiaven at it, nivver diun, up ta t’ een i’ muck an’ wark.

KIRK-GARTH—Whar we’ll o’ gah yah day an’ lig as whyat as can be.

KIBBLE—A kibble’s owt frae a swill tull a porringer. Bring thi kibble an’ full’t.

KIDDIED—Ta play t’trewen. Yance ov a while they warn’t hauf as nice aboot playen trewen as they er noo, an’ some lads ’at Ah kent hed aboot a quarter i’ yan o’ them ghylls Ah telt ye on. Hooiver when t’ cauld wedder com they’d ta turn up, an’ in explanation of their absence informed the man of rods that they’d “been wanderen aboot.” Them was days when a lad hed some fun i’ bein’ whick.

KILP—Ass t’ lasses what they fassen ther frock wiasts wi’, kilps an’ e’en.

KING-COUGH—When t’ barn coughs an’ kinks tell it’s black i’ t’ fias.

KIN—A crack i’ t’ skin wi’ t’ frost, hard watter, an’ seck. Ah’ve seen a chap drop melten shoemakker’s wax intul them, an’ he’s gurned like o’ that when it bat.

KINK—A twist. T’ dog hed a kink i’ t’ tail.

KIN’LIN—Firewood. Git t’ kin’lin in.

KIRK-MAISTER—Churchwarden.

KIRN-SUPPER—The rejoicing at the conclusion of harvest. Not so many years ago it was a practice to serve cream that had been beaten up in the kirn, with other good things of a similar nature, and from this no doubt comes the name.

KIRN—To stir up. Thoos’ neeea casion ta kirn it aboot like that.

KIRN—T’ first kirn I remember owt aboot was a lang strait tub wi’ wood hoops on. It hed a lid on ’t, an’ throo t’ middle o’ t’ lid ther was a lang streck stick, like a riak steel; this hed a cross on t’ boddum ta stir t’ milk wi’, an’ it liukt gaily hard wark wallopen on ’t up an’ doon. An’ this they co’ed a up an’ doon kirn, an’ t’ aulder end co’ them stand kirns, ta tell them frae kirns ’at’s worked wi’ a han’le.

KING-APOSSLE—A lad gam.

KIRNEN—In constant commotion. It was kirnen an’ jowlen, jowlen an’ kirnen, nivver still; allus at it, kirnen an’ jowlen. That was a famish auld chap’s view o’ t’ sea t’ first time; anudder said his booels was kirnen up an’ doon.

KISENED—As kisened as a kill stick. Noo Ah nivver saw a kill stick, but it’s summat varra dry wi’ neea natur left in ’t, acos owt ’at’s kisened’s mortal near withoot any sap er owt worth niamen.

KIST—Meal kist; clias kist; cooarn kist; an’ tudder, t’ last suit of o’.

KIT—O’ t’ young ’uns. Ah’ve put o’ t’ kit o’ them off ta bed. She’s come an’ browt o’ t’ kit wi’ her, an’ seea on.

KIT—Ther’s a lot o’ different macks, let’s see. Ther’s a fish-kit, a wiss-kit, a bas-kit, a band-kit, a watter-kit, a shop-kit, a chammerly kit, a taty kit; t’ tinklers hes a kit, seea hes t’ sowjers on Brackenber’s historic plain (that’s a bit o’ nacken o’ mi awn); an’ even t’ varra beggars on t’ rooad ’ll hae ther kit—a gurt wallopen pocket, er a lal bit pooak; Ah izzant sartin that Ah’ve set them o’ doon but they’ll deea ta be gaan on wi’. Mainly a kit’s summat (varra near owt) to put summat in an’ carry it aboot wi’ yan. In the Church accounts at Morland, A.D. 1648, Kit is spelt Chyt.

KITE—Stomach. It lal kite’s that full ye could crack a loose on’t. Ther’s a bit a difference atween a kit an’ a kite, but ther alike i’ yah respect, an’ that is they’re ta carry stuff aboot in. Tian’s fer t’ back an’ tudder fer t’ front mainly.

KITH-NER-KIN—They’re badly off at’s nowder kith-ner-kin.

KITLIN—A young ’un—he’s nobbut a kitlin.

KITLIN-TATIES—Howken them oot wi’ t’ fingers an’ leaven t’ tops—it izzant a honest way, as a rule.

KITTLE—Varra spry an’ sharp. As kittle as a moose trap. Likely. A kittle spot fer an auld hare.

KITTLE—Itch. T’ frost’s i’ mi teeas, an they kittle whel Ah can hardlee bide i’ mi skin. A sair spot ’at’s menden kittles.

KITTLED—Pleased. He was fairly kittled wi’ a bit ov a tial aboot owt funny.

KIRMAS-GIFT—Summat fer t’ barns. Varra oft a paper o’ pins ta laik wi’.

KIRSMAS-GLASS—This is fer up-grown ’uns they tak’t warm, wi’ a bit o’ sugar tull ’t.

KNAB—To catch; to take possession of. Ah’ll knab thi if thoo co’s here. He’s knabb’d mi knife, Ah believe.

KNAB—A high situation; where an elevation terminates. He went ower t’ knab. Hardendale Knab, in Westmorland, an’ lots beside.

KNAP—A smart blow. He gat a knap ower t’ lug. The sound made by two hard substances meeting. His heed went “knap” when he bat on t’ fleear.

KNAP—Deft, cunning. He’s a knap hand wi’ a gun.

KNAPPIN—A sharp manner in walking. He was gaan knappin doon t’ rooad in his clogs. To drive small nails with a light hammer.

KNARLED—Knotty; awkward and hard to deal with. Thoo’s a knarled auld beggar.

KNARLEN—Scolding; complaining. What’s ta knarlen aboot; thoo’s allus knarlen aboot summat.

KNEE-DEEP—When it’s snow ’at’s knee deep, it’s deep eniuf.

KNEP—Pick. Thee jump up an’ knep a daisy is a derisive expression. The horses knep one another, an’ a knep of corn or grass is good to catch yan wi’.