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Kinship Organisations and Group Marriage in Australia

SUBJECT INDEX.

Reading edition

Names of Australian tribes are in Clarendon, native words and parts of words in italics. Words in inverted commas are defined.

Abduction, 103

Adoption, 2, 5, 7

Adultery, punishment for, 146

Affinity, 6

"Age grades," 2, 92, 112

Agoo as suffix, 80

Aku as suffix, 80

Akulbura classes, 44

America, tribe in, 7

American organisations, 9, 33

An as feminine termination 43, 44

Ana as suffix, 80

Anaywan classes, 43

Angie as suffix, 80

Anjegoo as suffix, 80

Annan R., classes on, 45

Anomalous areas, 51, 72

Anomalous marriages, 151

Anula classes, 47

Ara as suffix, 80

Arab phratries, 10

Archæologia Americana, 33, 34

Aree as suffix, 60, 80

Ariltha, 145

Arunta classes, Table I a, 47

customs, 145

kinship terms, 96

meaning of, 82

primitiveness, 70

S., classes, 47

totemism, 12

Associations, changes in, 1

natal, 2

Atkinson, J. J., 63

Aversion, sexual, 117

Badieri classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

Baiame, 57

Balcoin, 83

Barkinji betrothal, 22

phratries, 49

Bathalibura classes, 44

Beena marriage, 108

Belyando R., classes on, 44

Berriait phratries, 49

Betrothal and potestas, 22

rule of descent, 22 sq.

Binbinga classes, Table I a, 47

Bingongina classes, Table I a, 47

phratries, 47

Bird myth, 55

conflict myth, 55

Blood and phratry organisations, 68

cousins, marriage forbidden to, 7

division, 31

feud, 26

organisations, 30, 153

relationship, 4

Bloomfield R., phratries on, 38, 50

Brother and sister marriage, 69

meaning of terms in Morgan's work, 111

Bu as prefix, 80

Bulcoin, 83

Bulthara, 83

Bundar, 83

Buntamurra classes, 44

"Caste" subdivision, 153

Cha as prefix, 79

Chieftainship, 25

Child and parent, 23, 119

Children and parents, 4

Choo as prefix, 80

"Classes, intermarrying," 30

and phratries, 51, 72, 87

and totems, 89

later than phratries, 71

list of, 42 sq.

names, borrowing of, 75 sq.

meaning of, 82

Class organisations, 37 sq.; Map II, 40

effect of, 86

origin of, 100

Classificatory terms of relationship, 93

Conception, theories of, 12, 23

"Consanguinity," 3 sq.

Consent of husband, 131, 138, 146

Contrasts in phratry names, 54, 56, 68

"Couple," 30

Cousin marriage, 70

Crow phratry, 53

Cunow, H., 86, 91

Dalebura classes, 44

Darkinung classes, 42 n.

Deeroyn, 82

Degeneration and incest, 113

Descent, rule of, 11, 12 sq.; Map I, 40

change of, 15, 16

Descriptive terms of relationship, 93

"Determinant spouse," 30

Dieri betrothal, 22

marriage rules, 97

phratries, 49

wife lending, 143

Dippa-malli, 133

Dippil classes, 43, 51

phratries, 43, III b, 51

"Direct descent," 30

Dirrawong, 82

Durkheim, E., 69, 87, 90

Durween, 82

Eaglehawk, 54

and crow, 53, 59

phratries, 67

Eanda, 10

Earl, G. W., 36

Economic conditions and rule of descent, 27

Egor as feminine suffix, 49

Eight-class names, centre of origin, 78

percentages of resemblance and difference, 77, 78

system, 76

tribe in Queensland, 97

Elder and younger, meaning of, 98

brother, authority, 100

Elopement, 20, 144

Eranta, 82

Euahlayi classes 42, 51

phratries, 42 e, 50, 51, 54

Exchange of wives, 143

Exogamy, 6, 30

origin of, 63

Family, 1

types of, 8

Father and son, conflict of, 17

Father and daughter marriage, 114

Father right, see Patriliny

Female descent, see Matriliny

Females, property vested in, 26

Feminine class names, 80

Fison, L., on group marriage, 127

Folktales, stock of, 57

Four-class area, 73

and eight-class systems, results compared, 97

Frazer, J. G., 69

on totemism, 12

Free love, 106, 129

Free union, 106

Gason, S., 13

Gamé, 106

Gan as feminine termination, 43

Geawegal classes, 42

wife lending, 142

Geebera phratries, 49

Generation, marriage within, 99

Gnalluma classes, 47, 48

Gnamo classes, 47, 48

Gnanji classes, Table I a, 47

phratries, 47

Goa classes, 44

Goonganji phratries, 49

Goothanto classes, 45

Gregory, J. W., 27, 67

Grey, Sir G., 34

Groups, local, 29

meaning of, 136

primitive, 13, 64

Group marriage and pirrauru, 136

meaning of term, 127

not proven, 148

Gurk as feminine suffix, 49

Haida phratries, 9

Hausa rules of avoidance, 99

Hereditary kinship groups, 12

Hodgson, C. P., 35

Homophones, 82

Hottentots non-totemic, 8

Howitt, A. W., 16, 23, 37, 121, 134

Iker as suffix, 80

Iliaura classes, Table I a, 47

Ilpirra classes, Table I a, 47

In-and-in breeding, 115

Incest and degeneration, 113

Inchalachee classes, Table I a, 47

marriage, 151

"Indirect descent," 30

Individual property, 25

Inginja as suffix, 80

Inheritance and descent, 18, 25

and patriliny, 22

of widow, 20

of wife by brother, 20, 21

Initiation and free love, 144

Inja as suffix, 80

"Intermarrying classes," 30

Isaacs, F. N., 35

Itch as suffix, 63, 80

Itchana as suffix, 80

Itchumundi "bloods," 50

phratries, 49, 50

J as prefix, 84

Ja as prefix, 79, 80

Jarr as feminine suffix, 49

Jealousy, 131

Joo as prefix, 80

Joongoongie classes, 48

phratries, 48

Jouon classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

Jus primae noctis, 140, 144

K as prefix, 84

Kabi classes, 43

Kaitish classes, Table I a, 47

Kalkadoon classes, 46, 51

phratries, 46, 51

Kamilaroi classes, 42

customs, 143

marriage, 151

organisation, 31 sq.

phratries, 42 a

wife lending, 142

Kandri, 130

Kangulu classes, 44

phratries, 44, IV b, 51

Kanunka, 83

Karandee class names, 74

Kempe, H., 84

Keramin phratries, 49

Kiabara classes, 43, 51

Kimberley, classes at, 47, 48

"Kin group," 8

"Kinsman," 31

"Kinship," 3 sq.

and consanguinity, 23

groups, 2, 7

origin of idea, 13, 14

tribal, 5

Kodi-molli, 133

Kogai classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

Kohler, J., on group marriage, 127

Kombinegherry classes, 43

Koo as prefix, 80

Koogobathy classes, 46

Koolbirra, 82

Koonjan classes, 46

Koorangie classes, Table I a, 47

Korkoren, 83

Korkoro, 75, 83

Ku as prefix, 79, 80

Kubbi, 83

Kuinmurbura betrothal, 22

classes, 44

customs, 144

phratries, 44, IV a, 51

rules of residence, 16

Kulbara, 82

Kurnai customs, 143, 144

phratries, 49, n. 8

polygamy, 134

relationships, 120

rule of residence, 17, 18

Kurnandaburi phratries, 49

polygamy, 132

Kutchin phratries, 9

Landed property, 7, 8, 29

Lang, Andrew, ii, 63

Languages, differentiation of, 60, 81

Leichardt, L., 35

Lending of wives, 132 sq., 143

pirrauru wives, 132, 135, 139

Levirate, 20, 134

Liaison, 107, 133

Limba Karadjee classes, 36

Local group, constitution of, 26

influence of, in causing change of rule of descent, 26

types of, 8

Macarthur, Capt., 35

Maian, 134

Mala, 82

Male, 82

Male descent, see Patriliny

Malu, 82

Mara classes, 46

phratries, 46

Marriage, definition of, 103, 105 sq.

evolution of, Morgan's theory, 110

forms of, 108

origin of, 64

prohibitions, 3, 6

rules, 97 sq.

and kinship terms, 93

Maryborough tribes, classes of, 43

phratries, 43, III a, 51

rules of residence, 17

Mathews, R. H., 31, 150

Matriliny in eight-class tribes, 151

origin of, 13, 19

primitive, 69

priority of, 12, 15

"Matrilocal," 30

marriage, 16

Matripotestal family, 8, 109

Mayoo classes, Table I a, 47

Meening classes, Table I a, 47

Melanesian phratries, 10

Miappe classes, 46, 51

phratries, 46, 51

Migrations, 61

Milpulko phratries, 49

Miorli classes, 44

Mittakoodi classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

"Mixed group," 8

Mohegan phratries, 9

Monobar classes, 35

Moore, G. F., 34

Moree classes, 42

Morgan, Lewis, on promiscuity, 110

Mother right, see Matriliny

Mother, term for, 123

Mukjarawaint betrothal, 22

customs, 144

Murawari "bloods," 51

classes, 42, 51

phratries, 42 f, 50, 51

Murchison R., classes on, 47, 48

Muri, 83

Mycoolon classes, 72

Myths, diffusion of, 56

N as prefix, 80

Nagualism, 12

Narran R., classes on, 42

Narrangga classes, 48

Narrinyeri customs, 143, 144

"Natal associations," 2

Nauo phratries, 49

Near relatives, marriage of, 113

New Hebrides club-house, 106

Ngarrego phratries, 48

Ngerikudi kinship terms, 95

Ngeumba "bloods," 51

classes, 42, 51

phratries, 42 d, 51

organisation, 152

Nicol Bay, classes at, 47, 48

Nind, S., 34

Noa, 122, 129

Noa-mara, 129

Nu as prefix, 80

Nupa, 98, 135

Obur, 83

Oolawunga classes, Table I a, 47

Oruyo, 11

Ovaherero organisations, 10

Palyara, 83

Palyeri, 83

Panunga, 83

Parnkalla phratries, 49

Paternity, uncertain, 21

Patria potestas, 15, 19

Patrilineal inheritance, 18

Patriliny, causes of, in Australia, 27

cause of rise, 22

possible primitive, 13

"Patrilocal," 30

Patripotestal family, 8, 109

Peechera classes, 42

Phratries and classes, 51, 72, 87

list of, 48 sq.

object of, 69

origin of, 65

systematic groups as, 9

"Phratry," 30

Phratry names, 32 sq.

meanings of, 53 sq.

organisations, distribution of, 9, 37 sq.; Map III, 40

segmentation, 61, 66

Pikumbul classes, 42

Piraungaru, 135, 141

Pirrauru, 130

and group marriage, 136

distinguishing features, 137

origin of, 139, 140, 141

spouses, duties of, 139-141

Pitta-Pitta, authority of husband among, 19

classes, 44

phratries, 45

Polyandry, 104, 108

Polygamy, 104, 108

Polygyny, 104, 108

Post, A. H., on group marriage, 127

Potestas, 4

and betrothal, 22

and patriliny, 22

and residence, 14

and rule of descent, 14

relation of, to rule of descent, 19

Poverty of language, 124

Powell, J. W., 27

Prefixes, 79, 80

Primitive group, 111

Promiscuity, 133 n., 144

forms of, 107

Property, inheritance of, 25

in law, 2, 7, 18

Protectorship of woman's kin, 19, 20

Pu as prefix, 80

Puberty, licence at, 143 sq., 146

Pueblo peoples, descent among, 27

Pultara, 83

Punishment, 19, 20

Purchase of wife, 21

Purgoma classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

Queries as to Australian facts, 129 sq., 132, 141

Racial conflict, 55

Rank and intermarrying class, 35

Relationship, systems of, 93

Residence and potestas, 14

and rule of descent, 14

customs of, 8, 10

Ridley, W., 36

Right of betrothal, 22

Ringa-Ringa classes, 44

Scarcity of women, 139

Schürmann, C. W., 34

"Secret Societies," 3

Sexual aversion, 117

unions, 102 sq.

"Shade" division, 31, 152

Sign language, 84

Sisters, exchange of, 19, 20

"Social organisation," 3

Societies, secret, 3

Solidarity of totem kin, 140

Spencer, B., on group marriage, 128

Status and kinship terms, 120, 125

Stokes, J. L., 36

"Sub-tribe," 30

Suffixes, 53, 60, 80

Ta as suffix, 80

Tarderick classes, 48

Taroombul classes, 44

Tatathi phratries, 49

Tchi as suffix, 53, 60, 80

Terminology, 29 sq.

Tippa-malku, 129

husband, rights of, 132, 139

Tjingillie classes, Table I a, 47

Tjuka as suffix, 80

Toda phratries, 10

Totem and phratry, 9

Totems and classes, 89

and phratry names, 60, 69

Totemism, distribution of, 8

"Totem kin," 31

sacrosanctity of, 16

Totem kins, 5

and phratries, 89

arrangement of, 89

and pirrauru, 134

Tribal brothers, rights of, 131 n., 141

kinship, 5

names, meaning of, 82

property, 2, 7, 18, 61

solidarity, 7

"Tribe," 2, 7, 29

subdivisions of, 8

Tully R., classes on, 45

Turribul classes, 42

U as prefix, 80

Uku as suffix, 53, 60

Ula as suffix, 80

Um as suffix, 80

Umbaia classes, Table I a, 47

phratries, 47

Unawa, 122

Unconscious reformation, 116

Undekerebina phratries, 51

Undivided commune, 121, 143

Unga as suffix, 80

Unghi classes, 42

Ungilla, 84

Ungorri classes, 44

Upala, 83

Urabunna customs, 142

marriage rules, 98

phratries, 49

polygamy, 135

Uru as suffix, 53, 60

Victoria, occupation of, 27, 67

S. W., phratries in, 49

Wailwun classes, 42

organisation, 89

Wakelbura betrothal, 22

classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45 51

polyandry, 133

rules of residence, 16

Walpari classes, Table I a, 47

phratries, 47

Wanika phratries, 10

Warkeman classes, 45

Warramunga classes, Table I a, 47

marriage, 150

phratries, 47

Wathi-Wathi kinship terms, 94

phratries, 49

Weedokarry classes, 47, 48

Welu, 54

West Australia, classes in, 48

phratries in, 48

Westermarck, E., on group marriage, 128

on marriage, 105

Wide Bay, classes at, 43

Widow, position of, 20, 134

removal of, 19

Widower, 131

Wife lending, 142

authority over, 19

Wiimbaio customs, 143

phratries, 49

wife lending, 142

Wilpadrina, 129 n.

Wilson, T. B., 36

Wilya phratries, 49

Wiradjeri, chiefs among, 25

classes, 42, 51

marriage, 150

phratries, 42 b, 50

Wolgal phratries, 49

Wollaroi betrothal, 22

classes, 42

Wollongurma classes, 45

Wonnaruah classes, 42

Wonghibon "bloods," 51

classes, 42, 51

phratries, 42 c, 50, 51

Woonamurra classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

Worgaia classes, Table I a, 47

phratries, 47

Workoboongo classes, 46, 72

Wulmala classes, Table I a, 47

phratries, 47

Wurunjerri phratries, 48

Ya as prefix, 79, 80

Yambeena classes, 51

phratries, 51

Yandairunga phratries, 49

Yandrawontha phratries, 49

Yangarella classes, Table I a, 47

Yelyuyendi phratries, 51

Yerunthully classes, 44, 72

Yookala classes, Table I a, 47

Yoolanlanya classes, 47

Yowerawarika phratries, 49

Yuin custom, 145

Yuipera classes, 44, 51

phratries, 45, 51

Yukkabura classes, 45

Yun as prefix, 80

Yungmunnie classes, Table I a, 47

CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Transcriber's Note:

The following inconsistencies have been maintained in the text:

Misspelled word

p. 110 Hawaian for Hawaiian

Typographical errors

p. 48 Chapter IV, Table I, Section XIV, the paragraph that begins with "Tribes" is missing a ) at the end. p. 153 "are in caps.," should read "are in caps."

Inconsistent hyphenation:

bi-lateral / bilateral eight-fold / eightfold four-fold / fourfold Geawe-gal / Geawegal head-man / headman inter-tribal / intertribal matri-potestal / matripostestal Narrang-ga / Narrangga patri-potestal / patripotestal sacrosanctity / sacrosanctity sub-division / subdivision wide-spread / widespread

Other inconsistencies:

Archæologia / Archaeologia Eaglehawk-Crow / eaglehawk-crow Pirraurru / Pirrauru vice versâ / vice versa

In list of abbreviations: Proc. R.G.S. Qn. In text: Proc. R.G.S. Qu., Proc. R.S. Qu.

In list of abbreviations: R.G.S. Qn. In text: R.G.S. Qu.

Other comments:

In Chapter IV, Table II, repeated column headings have been omitted. The numbering in this table jumps from 12 to 20 and then from 34 to 40.

In Chapter IV, Table III, two symbols are used (‡ and §) which are not defined. Repeated column headings have been omitted.

In Chapter VII, the abbreviation ib. in the Footnotes is not italicized.

In Chapter X, Section B. Marriage The roman numerals are followed by a comma, rather than a period as in the preceding section.

Notes in this chapter

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