PROVOST MARSHAL-GENERAL'S REPORT.
Reading edition
SHOWING THE NUMBER OF MEN ENLISTED, NUMBER OF KILLED, WOUNDED, AND DEATHS FROM DISEASE, DURING THE REBELLION.
Washington, D.C., Friday, April 27, 1866.
The following is a condensed summary of the results of the operations of this bureau, from its organization to the close of the war.
1. By means of a full and exact enrollment of all persons liable to conscription, under the law of March 3 and its amendments, a complete exhibit of the military resources of the loyal States, in men, was made, showing an aggregate number of 2,254,063, not including 1,000,516 soldiers actually under arms, when hostilities ceased.
2. One million one hundred and twenty thousand six hundred and twenty-one men were raised, at an average cost (on account of recruitment exclusive of bounties,) of $9.84 per man, while the cost of recruiting of 1,356,593 raised prior to the organization of the Bureau was $34.01 per man. A saving of over seventy cents on the dollar in the cost of raising troops was thus effected under this Bureau, notwithstanding the increase in the price of subsistence, transportation, rents, &c., during the last two years of the war. (Item: The number above given does not embrace the naval credits allowed under the eighth section of the act of July 4, 1864, nor credits for drafted men who paid commutation, the recruits for the regular army, nor the credits allowed by the Adjutant-General subsequent to May 25, 1865, for men raised prior to that date.)
3. Seventy-six thousand five hundred and twenty-six deserters were arrested and returned to the army. The vigilance and energy of the officers of the Bureau, in this line of the business, put an effectual check to the wide-spread evil of desertion, which, at one time, impaired so seriously the numerical strength and efficiency of the army.
4. The quotas of men furnished by the various parts of the country were equalized, and a proportionate share of military service secured from each, thus removing the very serious inequality of recruitment, which had arisen during the first two years of the war, and which, when the bureau was organized, had become an almost insuperable obstacle to the further progress of raising troops.
5. Records were completed showing minutely the physical condition of 1,014,776 of the men examined, and tables of great scientific and professional value have been compiled from this data.
6. The casualties in the entire military force of the nation during the war of the rebellion, as shown by the official muster-rolls and monthly returns, have been compiled with, in part, this result:
KILLED IN ACTION OR DIED OF WOUNDS WHILE IN SERVICE.
Commissioned officers 5,221
Enlisted men 90,868
DIED FROM DISEASE OR ACCIDENT.
Commissioned officers 2,321
Enlisted men 182,329
Total loss in service 280,739
These figures have been carefully compiled from the complete official file of muster-rolls and monthly returns, but yet entire accuracy is not claimed for them, as errors and omissions to some extent doubtless prevailed in the rolls and returns. Deaths (from wounds or disease contracted in service) which occurred after the men left the army are not included in these figures.
7. The system of recruitment established by the Bureau, under the laws of Congress, if permanently adopted, (with such improvement as experience may suggest,) will be capable of maintaining the numerical strength and improving the character of the army in time of peace, or of promptly and economically rendering available the National forces to any required extent in time of war.
THE UNITED STATES ARMY DURING THE GREAT CIVIL WAR OF 1861-65.
The following statement shows the number of men furnished by each State:
STATES. Men furnished under Act of April 15, 1861, for 75,000 militia for 3 months. Aggregate No. of men furnish'd under all calls Aggregate No. of men furnish'd under all calls, reduced to the 3 years' standard.
Maine 771 71,745 56,595
New Hampshire 779 34,605 30,827
Vermont 782 35,246 29,052
Massachusetts 3,736 151,785 123,844
Rhode Island 3,147 23,711 17,878
Connecticut 2,402 57,270 50,514
New York 13,906 464,156 381,696
New Jersey 3,123 79,511 55,785
Pennsylvania 20,175 366,326 267,558
Delaware 775 13,651 10,303
Maryland ... 49,731 40,692
West Virginia 900 32,003 27,653
District of Columbia 4,720 16,872 11,506
Ohio 12,357 317,133 237,976
Indiana 4,686 195,147 152,283
Illinois 4,820 258,217 212,694
Michigan 781 90,119 80,865
Wisconsin 817 96,118 78,985
Minnesota 930 25,034 19,675
Iowa 968 75,860 68,182
Missouri 10,501 108,773 86,192
Kentucky ... 78,540 70,348
Kansas 650 20,097 18,654
Tennessee ... 12,077 12,077
Arkansas ... ... ...
North Carolina ... ... ...
California ... 7,451 7,451
Nevada ... 216 216
Oregon ... 617 581
Washington Ter'ty ... 895 895
Nebraska ... 1,279 380
Colorado ... 1,762 1,762
Dakota ... 181 181
New Mexico 1,510 2,395 1,011
Total 93,326 2,688,523 2,154,311