INDEX

Adams, S.H., 132.

Advisory Committee, 146.

Agramonte, Dr. Aristides, 123.

Alimentary canal, fly larvæ in, 49.

Amœba, 19.

Anopheles, adults, 91; eggs, 92; habits of adults, 94; larvæ, 78, 79, 93; pupæ, 93; resting position, 92; species in U.S., 92.

Anthrax, 44; and flies, 70.

Arthropoda, 26.

Asexual reproduction, 111.

Bacillus, anthracis, 44; icteroides, 124; lepræ, 171; pestis, 150.

Bacillus carriers, 66.

Back-swimmers, 100.

Bacteria, 15; saprophytic and parasitic, 17; effect on host, 18; dissemination, 18.

Bedbugs, 54, 147.

Banks, Nathan, 34.

Bell-animalcule, 22.

Berne, 51.

Birds as enemies of mosquitoes, 99.

Black-flies, 46.

Blackheads, 35.

Blow-flies, 48.

Blue, Dr. Rupert, 143.

Blue-bottle flies, 48.

Bot-flies, 50.

Break-bone fever, 169.

Breeze-fly, 44.

Buffalo-gnats, 46.

Calliphora vomitoria, 48.

Camphor, for mosquitoes, 102.

Cancer, 36.

Carroll, Dr. James, 123.

Castor-bean tick, 27.

Cattle tick, 29.

Cedar oil, for mosquitoes, 102.

Ceratophyllus, faciatus, 153; acutus, 156.

Cesspools, 72.

Chigger, 53.

Chigger-flea, 53.

Chigo, 30, 39.

Chigoe, 53.

Cholera, 68.

Chrysomyia macellaria, 47.

Cimex, lectularis, 54; rotundatus, 173.

Contagious diseases, 8.

Conjugation, 20.

Cooley, Prof. R.A., 33.

Craig, Dr. C.F., 118.

Ctenocephalus, canis, 154; felis, 154.

Culex, fatigans, 96, 170; pipiens, 98.

Dengue, 169.

Dermatobia cyaniventris, 51.

Dermatophilus penetrans, 53.

Diarrhea, 69.

Diptera, 43.

Diving beetles, 100.

Dragon-flies, 99.

Dysentery, 20.

Eggs, of flies, 63; of mosquitoes, 77; of Anopheles, 92.

Egyptian opthalmia, 52.

Elephantiasis, 164.

Enemies of mosquitoes, 97.

Enteritis, 69.

Euglena, 21.

Eye-worm, 12.

Face-mite, 35.

Fighting mosquitoes, adults, 101; larvæ, 103.

Fiji Islands, Anopheles in, 117.

Filaria bancrofti, 164.

Finlay, Dr. Charles, 124.

Fish, 100.

Flagella, 20.

Fleas, 52; and plague, 142, 145, 147; structure and habits, 151; common species, 153; on ground squirrels, 156; remedies for, 157.

Flies, 43; and typhoid, 65; specks, 66; and various diseases, 68.

Flesh-flies, 48.

Fumigating for mosquitoes, 102.

Gad-fly, 43.

Glossina palpalis, 163.

Golgi, Camillo, 109.

Grassi, Prof. G.B., 118.

Gray-flies, 47.

Ground squirrels and plague, 155.

Guinea-worm, 11.

Hæmamœba, 109.

Hæmatobia, 45.

Hæmosporidiida, 24.

Hæmotopinus spinulosus, 55.

Harvest-mite, 37.

Havana, yellow fever in, 131.

Hawaii, mosquitoes in, 98.

Hemiptera, 54.

Homalomyia canicularis, 49.

Hoplopsyllus anomalus, 156.

Horse bot-flies, 50.

House-flies, 57; structure, 59; how they carry bacteria, 62; life-history and habits, 63; fighting, 71; and typhoid, 65.

Horse-flies, 43.

Howard, Dr. L.O., 59, 73.

Hyperparasitism, 3.

Immunity, 5.

Indian Plague Commission, 144.

Infectious diseases, 8.

Infusoria, 22.

Insects, cause or carry disease, 40; numbers, 40; annual loss caused by, 41; how they carry disease germs, 55.

Irrigating ditches, 104.

Itch-mite, 36.

Jackson, Dr. D.D., 67.

Jennings, 22.

Jiggers, 38, 53.

Jigger-flea, 53.

Kala-azar, 173.

Kerosene, 104.

Koch, 44.

Læmopsylla cheopus, 153.

Lamprey-eel, 2.

Lancisi, J.M., 107.

Larvæ, of flies, 64; of mosquitoes, 78.

Laveran, A., 108.

Laverania, 109.

Lazear, Dr. Jessie W., 123.

Leeuwenhoek, Anton von, 22.

Lepra bacillus, 36.

Leprosy, 36, 70, 171.

Lice, 54.

Linnæus, 76.

Little house-fly, 49.

Lock-jaw, 18.

Low, Dr. A., 118.

Lucilia spp., 48.

Lugger, Prof. Otto, 38.

Malaria, early theories in regard to, 106; parasite that causes, 108; life history of parasite, 109; parasite in mosquito, 113; summary, 117; experiments, 118.

Maggots, 63.

Malta or Mediterranean fever, 171.

Mange, 37.

Manure-fly, 59.

Manson, Sir Patrick, 112, 123.

Mastigophora, 20.

Melanin, 110.

Micrococcus melitensis, 171.

Microbes, 10.

Mites, 26, 35.

Mosquito, 76; abdomen, 86; adults, 81; Anopheles, 91; how they bite, 84; effect of bite, 87; blood, 90; how they breathe, 89; classification, 91; and dengue, 169; eggs, 77; and elephantiasis, 164; enemies, 77; fighting, adults, 101; larvæ, 103; larvæ, 78; and malaria, 106; malarial parasite in, 113; mouth-parts, 83; other species, 96; pupæ, 80; salivary glands, 87; thorax, 85; and yellow fever, 94, 120.

Mouth-parts, of fly, 60; of mosquito, 83.

Mus, norvegicus, 154; rattus, 154.

Nanga, 45.

Nematodes, 164.

New Orleans, yellow fever in, 120, 132.

Noctiluca, 21.

No-see-ums, 46.

Ochromyia anthropophaga, 49.

Oil of citronella, 102.

Oil of pennyroyal, 102.

Oriental sore, 174.

Ornithodorus moubata, 34.

Oscinidæ, 52.

Otospermophilus beecheyi, 155.

Oxwarbles, 50.

Panama Canal zone, 135.

Paramœcium, 22.

Parasite, defined, 1; classes of, 4; in new regions, 5; diseases caused by, 7; effect on host, 9; relation to host, 14.

Parasitism, 3.

Pasteur, L., 44.

Pearls, 13.

Piroplasma bigeminum, 29.

Plague, early history of, 142; fleas that transmit, 153; and flies, 70; and ground squirrels, 155; how combatted in San Francisco, 143; results of other investigations, 150; Verjbitski's experiments, 147; work of Indian Plague Commission, 146.

Plasmodium, 109.

Protozoa, 19; classes of, 20.

Proboscis, of fly, 60; of mosquito, 80.

Privies, 72.

Privy-fly, 59.

Pseudopodia, 20.

Psoroptes communis, 37.

Pulex irritans, 154.

Punkies, 46.

Pupæ, of house-flies, 64; of mosquitoes, 80.

Pyrethrum, 102.

Rats, and plague, 143, 145; species of, 154.

Red-bugs, 38.

Reed, Dr. Walter, 123.

Relapsing fever, 21, 33.

Rhizopoda, 20.

Ricketts, Dr. H.F., 32.

Rio de Janeiro, yellow fever in, 137.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever, 32.

Ross, Ronald, 112.

Rucker, Dr. W.C., 143.

Sacculina, 2.

Salivary glands, 84, 87.

Salt marshes, 97, 105.

Sambon, Dr. L.W., 118.

Sand-fleas, 53.

Saprophytic bacteria, 17.

Sarcophaga spp., 48.

Sarcoptes scabiei, 37.

Scab, 37.

Screw-worm, 47.

Seed-ticks, 27, 30.

Sheep bot-flies, 51.

Simmond, Dr. P.L., 145.

Siphonaptera, 52.

Skinner, Dr. H., 159.

Sleeping sickness, 21, 161.

Slipper animalcule, 22.

Small-pox, 70.

Smith, Dr. Theobald, 29.

Smudges, 102.

Sore-eye, 52.

Spiders, 26.

Spiracles, 89.

Spirochæta, 21, 130.

Spore formation, 24.

Spores, 24.

Sporozoa, 22.

Spotted fever, 32.

Stable-fly, 44, 75.

Stegomyia, calopus, 94, 98, 139; scutellaris, 96.

Sticklebacks, 101.

Stomoxys calcitrans, 44.

Sulphur, 102.

Surra, 45.

Tabanus, 45.

Tahiti, mosquitoes in, 96.

Tapeworms, 2.

Tetanus, 18.

Texas fever, 28.

Theobald, Dr. F.V., 76.

Ticks, 26.

Tide-water minnows, 101.

Tobacco smoke, 102.

Top-minnows, 98, 101.

Torcel, 51.

Tracheæ, 89.

Tracheal gills, 79.

Trichina, 2.

Trypanosome, 45, 161.

Trypanosoma, evansi, 45; brucei, 45; lewisi, 162; gambiensi, 162.

Tsetse-fly, 45, 163.

Tubercular bacilli, 69; germs, 69.

Typhoid-fly, 57, 59.

Vaughan, Dr. W.C., 67.

Ver macque, 51.

Verjbitski, D.T., 147.

Vorticella, 22.

Water-boatmen, 100.

Water-troughs, 104.

Whip-bearers, 20.

Whirligig beetles, 100.

White, Surgeon J.H., 134.

Wrigglers, 78.

Yellow fever, 120; Commission, 123; early observations on, 121; experiments, 125; danger of in Pacific Islands, 140; in Havana, results of work on, 131; history of in United States, 120; mosquito, 94; habits of, 95; in Panama Canal zone, 135; in Rio de Janeiro, 137; summary of results of work on, 129.