Appendix.
Reading edition
HINTS TO YOSEMITE VISITORS.
Secure stage seats in advance.
Take only hand baggage, unless for a protracted visit. For a short trip, an outing suit and two or three waists, with a change for evening wear, will be found sufficient. The free baggage allowance on the stage lines is fifty pounds.
Men will find flannel or negligee shirts the most comfortable.
In April, May and June wear warm clothing and take heavy wraps. In July, August and September wear medium clothing, with light wraps. In October and November wear warm clothing, with heavy wraps. The nights are cool at all seasons.
Dusters are always advisable, and ladies should provide some light head covering to protect the hair from dust. Sun bonnets are frequently worn.
Short skirts are most convenient.
Divided skirts are proper for trail trips, as ladies are required to ride astride. Heavy denim for skirt and bloomers is very satisfactory. Such skirts can be hired in the Valley.
Waists of soft material and neutral shades are appropriate. Avoid white.
Something absolutely soft for neckwear will be found a great comfort, both by men and women.
Leggings, stout, comfortable shoes, and heavy, loose gloves, will be found very serviceable.
A soft felt hat is preferable to straw. One that will shade the eyes is best. A cloth traveling cap is the worst thing to wear.
Smoked glasses will sometimes save the wearer a headache.
Except in April, May and November, an umbrella is apt to be a useless encumbrance.
If the skin is sensitive, and one wishes to avoid painful sunburn, the use of a pure cream and soft cloth is preferable to water, and far more efficacious.
A week is the shortest time that should be allowed for a trip to Yosemite. Two weeks are better. The grandeur of the Valley cannot be fully appreciated in a few days. Those not accustomed to staging or mountain climbing should make some allowance in their itineraries for rest. Many visitors spoil their pleasure by getting too tired.
Take a little more money than you think will be needed. You may want to prolong your stay.
Hunting, or the possession of firearms, is not permitted in the Yosemite National Park. Fishing is allowed, and in June and July an expert angler is likely to be well rewarded. Rods and tackle may be hired in the Valley.
There is no hardship, risk or danger in any part of the Yosemite trip. Many old people and children visit the Valley without difficulty.
A knowledge of horsemanship is not needed for going on the trails. The most timid people make the trips with enjoyment. Some of the finest views can only be obtained in this way.
There is a laundry in the Valley.
There is a barber shop.
There is a post office, telegraph and express. There is a general store and places for the sale of photographs, curios and Indian work.
Treat the Indians with courtesy and consideration, if you expect similar treatment from them. Do not expect them to pose for you for nothing. They are asked to do it hundreds of times every summer, and are entitled to payment for their trouble.
Kodak films and plates can be obtained in the Valley.
Developing and printing are done in the Valley.
TAKE YOUR CAMERA.
OFFICIAL TABLE OF DISTANCES AND LIVERY CHARGES.
The following are the legal rates for transportation of tourists in and about the Yosemite Valley:
CARRIAGES.
FROM HOTELS OR PUBLIC Estimated Rate for Rate for CAMPS, AND RETURN. Distance Party of Party of (Round Four or Less Than Trip) More Four Miles Each Each Person Person To Cascades, Yosemite and Bridal Veil Falls 16.00 $1.50 $2.00 To Mirror Lake 5.82 1.00 1.00 To River View and Bridal Veil Falls 10.41 1.00 1.50 To New Inspiration Point 14.38 2.00 2.50 To Happy Isles 4.00 .50 1.00 To Yosemite Falls 3.00 .50 .75
SADDLE HORSES.
FROM HOTELS OR PUBLIC Estimated Rate for Rate for CAMPS, AND RETURN. Distance Party of Party of (Round Four Less Trip) or More Than Four Miles Each Person Each Person To Vernal and Nevada Falls 10.90 $ 2.50 $ 3.00 To Yosemite Falls and Eagle Peak 13.18 3.00 3.00 To Glacier Point and Sentinel Dome 11.14 3.00 3.00 To Yosemite Point 10.00 2.50 3.00 To Eagle Peak 13.00 3.00 3.00 To Vernal and Nevada Falls and Glacier Point (Continuous Trip) 19.22 4.00 5.00 To Glacier Point, Sentinel Dome and Fissures 14.00 3.50 3.75 To Old Inspiration Point and Stanford Point 16.00 4.00 4.00 To Vernal and Nevada Falls and Cloud's Rest (Same Day) 22.00 4.00 5.00 Charges for Guide (Including Horse) When Furnished Free 3.00
1. Trips other than those above specified shall be subject to special arrangements between the parties and the stables.
2. Any excess of the above rates, as well as any extortion, incivility, misrepresentation, or riding of unsafe animals, should be reported to the Superintendent's office.
3. All distances are estimated from the Superintendent's office.
SUPPLEMENTARY TABLE OF DISTANCES.
FROM SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE. MILES Bridal Veil Falls 4 Yosemite Falls, base ¾ Upper Yosemite Fall, base 2 ¾ Upper Yosemite Fall, top 4 ¼ Little Yosemite Valley 8 Glacier Point (short trail) 4 ½ Glacier Point (via Nevada Falls) 14 ½ Cascades 8
INTERPRETATION OF INDIAN NAMES.
The Indians had names for all the prominent features of the Yosemite Valley, and these have been variously translated (sometimes with considerable poetic license), and variously spelled. The translations given below are as literal as possible, without embellishment, and are believed to be fairly accurate. The spelling adopted is such as best indicates the pronunciation.
The English names, by which the falls and peaks are commonly known, bear no relation to the Indian names, but were bestowed by the soldiers of the Mariposa Battalion at the time the Valley was discovered. The appropriateness and good taste of most of them are due to Dr. L.H. Bunnell, the surgeon of the expedition.
AH-WAH´-NEE (original name of Yosemite Valley)—"Deep grassy valley."
YO-SEM´-I-TE—"Full-grown grizzly bear."
PO-HO´-NO (Bridal Veil)—"A puffing-wind."
LOI´-YA (The Sentinel)—"A signal station."
CHO´-LACK (Yosemite Falls)—"The falls."
CHO-KO´-NI (Royal Arches)—"Canopy of baby basket." Strictly speaking, this name applies only to a deep alcove near the top of this cliff.
YO-WEI´-YEE (Nevada)—"Twisting."
TO-TAU-KON-NU´-LA (El Capitan)—Named from the To-tau´-kons, or cranes, which used to make their nests in a meadow near the top of this rock.
KU-SO´-KO (Cathedral Rock)—Interpretation doubtful.
PU-SEE´-NA CHUCK´-AH (Cathedral Spires)—"Pu-see-na" means mouse or rat, and might possibly be applied to a squirrel. "Chuck-ah" is a store house or cache.
WAW-HAW´-KEE (Three Brothers)—"Falling rocks." Pom-pom-pa´-sus, usually given as the Indian name of the Three Brothers, is the name of a smaller rock immediately to the West.
WEI-YOW´ (Mt. Watkins)—"Juniper Mountain."
TO-KO´-YA (North Dome)—"The Basket."
TIS-SA´-ACK (Half Dome)—A character in Indian mythology.
MAH´-TA (Cap of Liberty)—Said to mean "Martyr Mountain."
PI-WEI´-ACK (Vernal Fall)—Said to mean "Sparkling water."
LE-HAM´-I-TEE (Indian Canyon)—"The place of the arrow-wood."
HUM-MO´ (Devil's Thumb)—"The Lost Arrow."
AH-WEI´-YA (Mirror Lake)—"Quiet Water."
TOO-LOO´-LO-WEI-ACK (Illillouette Fall)—Interpretation doubtful.
WAH´-WO-NAH—"Big Tree." (Now commonly spelled and pronounced Wa-wo´-na.)
HEIGHTS OF YOSEMITE'S WATER-FALLS.
FEET Cascades 700 Bridal Veil 940 Ribbon 3,300 Sentinel 3,270 Yosemite (Upper 1,600 ft.; Lower 400 ft.) 2,634 Royal Arch 2,000 Vernal 350 Nevada 700 Illillouette 500
YOSEMITE'S PEAKS AND DOMES. WITH ALTITUDES ABOVE FLOOR OF VALLEY.
(The Valley Floor is about 4,000 feet above sea level.)
FEET Inspiration Point 1,248 El Capitan 3,300 Cathedral Rock 2,678 Cathedral Spires 1,934 Royal Arches (span) 2,000 The Sentinel 3,100 Sentinel Dome 4,122 Three Brothers 3,900 Eagle Peak 3,900 Yosemite Point 3,220 Glacier Point 3,250 North Dome 3,725 Half Dome 5,000 Cap of Liberty. 3,062 Union Point 2,350 Cloud's Rest. 5,912 Mt. Starr King 5,100
NAMES OF INDIAN NUMERALS.
King-eet´ One O-tee´-cat Two Tul-o´-cat Three O-e´-sart Four Mo´-ho´´-cat Five Te´-mo´´-cat Six Te-tow´-ok Seven Cow-in´-tuk Eight El´-e´´-wok Nine Ne-ah´-jah Ten
Larger numbers are expressed by combinations of these numbers.
INDIAN WORDS IN COMMON USE.
Wat-too´ The Sun Co´-ma Moon He-a´-mah Day Cow-il´-la Night Tum-aw´-lin North Chu´-muck South He´-home East El-o´-win West Het-a-poo´-pa Cold Wool-tut´-tee Hat* Come´-haw Burn Chum´-haw Dead or Die Na´-win Up or Above Hoo´-ya Down or Below Wool-ar´-nee To Hunt or Look For Took´-hah To Kill E´-win Now Oo´-haw By and By Man´-nik More Ut´-tee Much Wa´-le-co Quick Now´-tah To Steal Nung´-hah Man O´-hock Woman Es-el´-lo Baby or Infant
*Transcriber's note: This appears to be a typographical error for "Hot." See "Central Sierra Miwok Dictionary with Texts" by L. S. Freeland and Sylvia M. Broadbent (Publications in Linguistics vol. XXIII, University of California Press, Berkeley, 1960).
NAMES OF THE INDIAN TRIBES PLACED ON THE FRESNO AND KINGS RIVER RESERVATIONS IN 1850 AND 1851.
Names of Tribes— From— Wil-tuk´-um-nees Tuolumne River Yo-sem´-i-tees Yosemite Valley Po-to-en´-sees and Noot´-choos Merced River Chow-chil´-lies Chowchilla Valley Me´-woos Fresno Valley Chook-chan´-cies Fresno and San Joaquin Rivers Ho-na´-ches San Joaquin River Pit-cal´-chees and Tal-an´-chees San Joaquin Valley Cas-was´-sees Fine Gold Gulch Wah-too´-kees, Wat´-chees, No´-to-no´-tose and We-mel´-chees Kings River Cow-il´-lees and Tel-um´-nees Four Creeks Woo´-wells and Tal´-chees Tule Lake