HISTORY OF ENGLAND
Reading edition
FROM
THE FALL OF WOLSEY
TO
THE DEATH OF ELIZABETH.
BY
JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, M.A. LATE FELLOW OF EXETER COLLEGE, OXFORD. VOLUME II.
NEW YORK: CHARLES SCRIBNER AND COMPANY. 1872.
Charles Scribner and Co of No 654 Broadway New York have authority from me to publish all works which I have chiefly written and may hereafter write.J A Froude. London. Jan. 29. 1871.
CONTENTS OF VOLUME II.
CHAPTER VI.
THE PROTESTANTS.
PAGE
The Lollards16
Presentation to Religious Benefices in the Fourteenth Century17
Statutes of Provisors21
Rise of the Lollards25
John Wycliffe26
Theory of Property28
Insurrection of Wat Tyler29
Wycliffe's Influence declines30
Death of Wycliffe31
Insurrection of Oldcastle34
Close of the Lollard Movement35
New Birth of Protestantism37
The Christian Brothers38
Luther39
Multiplication of Testaments40
William Tyndal41
The Antwerp Printing-Press42
The Christian Brothers43
Wolsey's Persecutions49
Story of Anthony Dalaber57
Escape of Garret69
Perplexity of the Authorities70
The Ports are set for Garret's Capture71
Garret goes to Bristol, and is taken72
The Investigation at Oxford73
Doctor London's Intercession74
The Bishop of Lincoln75
Oxford is Purged76
Temper of the Protestants77
The Fall of Wolsey brings no Relief78
Sir Thomas More as Chancellor79
Contrast between Wolsey and More88
Martyrdom of Bilney89
Martyrdom of James Bainham90
Feelings of the People92
Pavier the Town Clerk93
The Worship of Relics94
Roods and Relics95
The Rood of Dovercourt96
The Paladins97
Early Life of Latimer98
He goes to Cambridge100
Latimer's Education101
His Fame as a Preacher102
He is appointed Chaplain to the King103
His Defence of the Protestants104
He is cited before the Bishops105
Latimer before the Bishops106
Thomas Cromwell109
Will of Thomas Cromwell116
CHAPTER VII.
THE LAST EFFORTS OF DIPLOMACY.
Mary of Hungary125
The King is cited to Rome127
Clement refuses further Delay128
Isolation of England129
Henry urgent against the Interview130
He appeals to a Council132
Terms of the Appeal134
Legal Value of the Appeal136
Cranmer's Sentence known at Rome137
Measures of the Consistory138
Henry again calls on Francis140
He will not surrender his Marriage141
He will not repeal his Legislation142
He urges the Rupture of the Interview143
Recal of the Embassy144
England and Germany145
Birth of Elizabeth149
Clement arrives at Marseilles150
The Interview151
Bonner at Marseilles152
Bonner and the Pope153
The Pope rejects the Appeal157
Proposal for a Court to sit at Cambray158
Francis implores Henry to consent159
Henry refuses to revoke the Laws against the Papacy160
State of England162
The Princess Mary165
Queen Catherine168
The Nun of Kent170
State of Feeling in England178
Proposed Marriage of the Princess Mary181
The Nun of Kent183
Disgrace of Mary184
The Countess of Salisbury185
The Nevilles187
General Superstition191
Proposals for a Protestant League used as a Menace to Francis192
The Protestant League194
The Court of Brussels196
Meeting of Parliament197
Perils of the Reformation198
Cromwell199
Opening Measures200
The Congé d'Élire201
Abolition of Exactions204
Closing Protest205
Apology of Sir Thomas More accepted by the King206
Obstinate Defence of Fisher208
The Bill proceeds209
Execution of the Nun210
Her last Words211
The Act of Succession212
The first Oath of Allegiance216
Clement gives final Sentence against the King218
Obscurity of the Pope's Conduct222
Mission of the Duke of Guise223
The French Fleet watch the Channel224
The Commission sits to receive the Oath225
More and Fisher226
More before the Commission227
He refuses to Swear228
Debate in Council229
The Government are peremptory230
Concession not possible231
Royal Proclamation232
Circular to the Sheriffs233
Death of Clement VII.236
CHAPTER VIII.
THE IRISH REBELLION.
State of Ireland237
The Norman Conquest238
Absentees239
The Norman Irish241
Weakness of the English Rule248
Distribution of the Irish Clans249
The Irish Reaction251
Condition of the People253
English and Irish Estimates254
Ireland for the Irish255
Coyne and Livery256
The Geraldines of Kildare257
Deputation of Lord Surrey261
Return of Kildare265
Foreign Intrigues266
Desmond intrigues with the Emperor267
Geraldine Conspiracy268
Kildare sent to the Tower270
The Irish Rise271
The Duke of Richmond Viceroy272
Third Deputation to Kildare273
Ireland in its Ideal State274
New Aspects of Irish Rebellion275
Ireland and the Papacy276
Kildare is sent to the Tower277
Desmond and the Emperor278
Corny O'Brien279
The Holy War of the Geraldines280
General Rebellion281
Siege of Dublin282
Murder of Archbishop Allen284
Fitzgerald writes to the Pope285
Dublin saved by the Earl of Ormond286
A Truce agreed to287
Delay of the English Deputy288
Ormond again saves Dublin289
The Deputy sails from Beaumaris290
Mismanagement of Skeffington291
Delay and Incapacity292
Burning of Trim and Dunboyne293
Skeffington will not move294
General Despondency295
Disorganization of the English Army296
The Campaign opens297
Siege of Maynooth298
Storming of the Castle299
The Pardon of Maynooth300
The Rebellion collapses301
Lord Leonard Grey302
Fitzgerald surrenders303
Dilemma of the Government304
Execution of Fitzgerald305
End of the Rebellion306
CHAPTER IX.
THE CATHOLIC MARTYRS.
State of England in 1534307
Temper of the Clergy308
Order for Preaching310
Secret Disaffection among the Clergy312
The Confessional313
Treasonable Intrigues317
Catholic Treasons318
Persecuting Laws against the Catholics319
The Act of Supremacy322
The Oath of Allegiance326
Election of Paul the Third328
Anxiety of the Emperor330
Proposals for a Catholic Coalition331
Counter-Overtures of Francis to Henry332
Attitude of Henry333
Distrust of France335
England and the Papacy336
The Penal Laws337
The Battle of the Faiths338
The Charterhouse Monks339
The Anabaptist Martyrs357
Fisher and More359
Fisher named Cardinal364
The Pope condescends to Falsehood365
Fisher Tried and Sentenced366
Execution of Fisher367
Sir Thomas More368
Effect upon Europe377
Letter to Cassalis382
Reply of the Pope385
Bull of Deposition386
Intrigues of Francis in Germany388
England and Germany390
CHAPTER X.
THE VISITATION OF THE MONASTERIES.
Visitation of the Monasteries396
The Abbey of St. Albans402
Commission of 1535407
The Visitors at Oxford409
Progress of the Visitors413
Visit to Langden Abbey415
Fountains Abbey417
The Monks at Fordham419
The Monks of Pershore421
Rules to be observed in all Abbeys423
The Black Book in Parliament427
Discussion in Parliament429
Conflicting Opinions431
Smaller Houses suppressed433
The Protestant Bishops435
State of London437
The Vagrant Act439
Remission of Firstfruits440
Dissolution of Parliament441
The Work accomplished by Parliament442
CHAPTER XI.
TRIAL AND DEATH OF ANNE BOLEYN.
Death of Queen Catherine443
Anne Boleyn446
Anne Boleyn committed to the Tower454
The Tower457
Cranmer's Letter to the King459
Cranmer's Postscript461
Preparations for the Trial468
True Bills found by the Grand Juries469
The Indictment470
The Trials476
The opposite Probabilities480
Execution of the five Gentlemen483
The Divorce484
The Execution486
The Succession488
The King's Third Marriage490
Opinions of Foreign Courts491
Meeting of Parliament492
Speech of the Lord Chancellor493
Second Act of Succession495