INDEX

Abolishment of circumcision by Christians, 18; by the Romans, 66 of eunuchism in Italy, 91, 96

Abraham, 32

Absence of penis, 13 of testicles, 105

Abyssinians, carry off the male members of slain enemies, 30; circumcised bishop among the, 64

Acosta, Rev. Father, on Mexican circumcision, 47

Adams, Dr. C. Powell, of Hastings, Minn., 198

After-treatment of circumcised Hebrews, 158

Agnew, D. Hayes, on penile cancer, 230; on eczema as a reflex neurosis from phimosis, 320

Albutt, T. Clifford, on primary cause of disease, 13

American circumcision, 47; infibulation and muzzling, 48

Amputation of penis, 230, 233, 247

Androgynes, 118

Augleria, Pierre d’, on American circumcision, 47

Apis, the white bull, sacred to the Egyptians, 29

Apollo Belvidere, as evidence of exactness of ancient sculpture, 62

Apure Indians and their circumcision, 48

Arabian circumcision, 38; prostitutes, 323

Arias Montan, on Mexico, 46

Arnold, Dr. A. B., of Baltimore, 25, 219, 220, 223

Asthma as a reflex neurosis from genital irritation, 291

Australian circumcision, 44; operation on the urethra, 56

Author’s modification of circumcision, 307

Aztec circumcision, 46

Ballance, C. W., dressing after circumcision, '317

Bamboo stick worn in vagina as a chastity protector, 52

Baptismal ceremonies of Omaha Indians, 56

Barbarous Arabian marriage custom, 54 mutilations of Guamo and Othomaco Indians, 48

Bas-relief representing Egyptian emasculation, 31

Bassouto circumcision, 42

Battos circumcision, 45

Baumgartner’s devout and chaste dervish, 49

Beale, Sir Lionel, on blood changes, 296

Bell, Dr. John, on Jewish hygiene, 181 Dr. J. Royes, 191, 223, 229, 239

Bells, jingling of, under the skirts, denotive of Judean virginity, 52

Belt of brass mail to insure female chastity, 51

Berbers, mutilations of their prisoners, 30

Bergmann, of Strasburg, 20, 27

Bergson, Dr., 160

Bernbeim, Dr., on freedom of Jews from syphilis, 195; on preputial statistics, 220; on circumcisial operation, 312

Bernoulli, Prof., of Bale, 168

“Beth Yosef” of Joseph Karo, 153

Biblical vouching for homoeopathy, 113

Billings, Dr. John S., U. S. Army, on Jewish vital statistics, 174; on cancer amongst Jews, 230

Bird, Dr. Golding, on phimosis, 257

Bishop of Abyssinia accused of heresy on account of circumcision, 64

Blood of prepuce sprinkled on bride’s veil, 55; sprinkled on ears of corn, 56 changes as starting-points of disease, 293, 298

Bobovii, Alberti, on Mohammedan circumcision, 39

Bogera, or African circumcision, 44

Bokai, on preputial statistics, 220

Bornean circumcision, 45

Bowditch, Henry I., on Jewish vital statistics, 176

Boyer, Baron, on cancer of the penis, 232; on gangrene of the penis, 237

Brett, Dr. F. H., case of hypertrophy of prepuce, 251

Bryant, Thomas, on skin-grafting, 328

Bumstead, on circumcision, 310

Burial of Algerine prepuces in the sands of the deserts, 39

Cahen, Dr., on diminished sensibility of glans after circumcision, 224

Calculus, liability of the Chinese to preputial, 248; Dr. J. G. Kerr, on preputial, 248; C. H. Martin, of Mobile, on climatic influence on, 248; Prof. Enoch, of Berlin, on preputial and vesical calculi, 249; Claparède’s case, 249; composition of preputial, 249; Civiale’s case, 249; induced by phimosis, 287

Canary Islands, remains of an antediluvian world, 25

Cancer of the penis, 232; views of Jonathan Hutchinson as to its origin, 226; pre-cancerous stage of, 226; views of Lallemand, 228, 329; statistics of, 231; Cullerier on, 231; fifty cases reported by Dr. Zielewicz, 233; early mention of, 234; views of Prof. John C. Warren, 235; views of Walshe, 235

Canon of St. John Lateran and his profane doubts, 74

Carter, Dr. Wm., on toxic urines, 298

Casalis, M., on Bassouto circumcision, 42

Cases of spontaneous circumcision, 58

Castration, etymology of the term, 80; as a self-sacrifice to deities, 89

Celsus, on Roman infibulation, 50; on operations on the prepuce, 302, 313, 328; originator of Cloquet’s operation, 313

Chabas, M., description of Egyptian bas-relief, 23

Charlemagne endows an abbey with a holy prepuce, 72

Charles V sacks Rome, and robbery of the holy prepuce, 73

Chastity among Egyptian dervishes, 49; belt of brass mail of the Ethiopians, 51; plug of bamboo of Soudan, 51; rings to insure chastity in the male mentioned by Nelaton, 54; enforced among the Hindoo bonzes by infibulation, 54; among the Cybelian priesthood, 89; Greek monks, ideas of, 89; comparative, among the different religious creeds of Prussia, 195

Chinese, peculiar liability of, to calculous disease, 248; considered a delicate diet by Australian cannibals, 327

Chippeway Indians and circumcision, 23

Chivalry of the male Hottentot, 60

Christian abolishment of circumcision, 18; circumcision in Abyssinia, 63

Circumcised phallus as a religious and civic symbol, 35; races peculiarly exempt from syphilis, 192

Circumcising knife (see Knife).

Circumcision, abolished by Christians, 18; among Chippeway Indians, 23; among the Atlanteans of Plato, 23; among the Phœnicians, 34; among the Egyptians, 34; Arabian, 35, 54; during the reign of Psammétich, 34; civil and religious symbol of ancient Egypt, 35; Aztec, 46; among the Mijes, 46; Mexican, 46; Totonac, 46; among the Orinoco Indians, 47 the climatic limits of, as a general rite, 47; in the Island of Cosumel, 47; in Yucatan, 47; in old Florida, 47; Apure Indians, 48; among the Amazons, 56; accidental case of, mentioned by Cullerier, 57; spontaneous, 58; abolished by the Romans, 66; destroying marks of, 68; of Abraham, 143; Hebraic, 143; not practiced in the wilderness, 143; physical conditions that exempt Jewish children from, 144, 145; description of Hebraic, by Montaigne, 146; as a cure for epilepsy, 261; as a preventive of hernia or rupture, 263; as a preventive to prolapsus of the bowel, 263; as a preventive of idiocy, 266; as a cure for dyspepsia, 270, 271

Civiale, on moral effects of penis amputation, 247; case of phimosis and preputial calculi, 249

Claparède, on evils resulting from the prepuce, 229; on preputial calculi, 249

Clarke, Sir Andrew, on renal inadequacy, 300

Clavigero, on Mexican circumcision, 46

Climatic limits of circumcision, 65

Cloquet operation, 306, 316

Colchis, colony of, 33

Constantine punished circumcisers with death, 66

Constipation as a divine attribute, 288; as a result of phimosis and its results, 292

Consumption, relation of, to Jewish race, 178, 179

Controversy about the holy prepuce, 73

Convent of St. Corneille and the holy knife, 78

Convulsions induced by phimosis, 260, 261

Cullerier, accidental circumcision, 57; on penile cancer, 231

Cybelian priesthood and castration, 89

Dakotas, the white bull sacred among the, 26

David and the Philistine prepuces, 31

Debreyne, trappist, monk, and physician, 224

Delange, on Arabian circumcision, 37

Delpech, on female circumcision, 36

Demarquay, on penile gangrene, 236

Dervishes, holy and chaste, 49

Difference between Turkish and Buddhist heaven, 116

Dilatation of prepuce, 308, 312, 332

Donnelly, Hon. Ignatius, on Atlantean circumcision, 23

Dressing in cases of retraction of penile skin, 304; C. W. Ballance’s, after circumcision, 317; A. G. Miller’s, 318

Du Bisson, on Soudanese harems, 52

Dyspepsia induced by preputial irritation, 270, 271

Ebers, Dr., on Karnac bas-relief, 23

Eczema induced by phimosis, 320

Effect of the holy prepuce on the hands of a lady, 74

Effects of age on the prepuce, 285

Egypt, uncircumcised persons not allowed to study in ancient, 34

Egyptians emasculated their prisoners, 30

Emasculation, its early practices and evolutions, 29; of Uranos, 83

Emperor Adrian forbids circumcision, 66

Endurance and fortitude of Arabs, 55

Enforced continence and its effects on the penis, 61

Ennery, M., Grand Rabbi of Paris, 158

Enoch, Prof., of Berlin, on preputial calculi, 249; on results of phimosis, 266; on enuresis, 277

Enuresis, 275

Epilepsy, induced by the prepuce, 258, 261, 301

Epstein, Dr., of Cincinnati, 156

Erichsen, Prof., on cancer of the penis, 228

Ethics at the battle of Fontenoy, 76

Ethiopian infibulation of infant females, 51

Eunuchism, beneficial to guardians of public funds, 84; as excluding from the priesthood, 90; in Italy, 91; in China, 91, 93; in India, 92; in the Soudan, 99; and music, 94; as a punishment, 97; mortality attending its manufacture, 91, 92, 93, 99, 100, 107; does not prevent copulation at all times, 92, 100, 101, 102, 103; manner of procedure among the Pagan priesthood, 106; prices of eunuchs, 99; numbers annually made, 91, 98; fecundating eunuch of Mecca, 100; Velutti, the opera-singer, 102; eunuchs as possessors of harems, 90; eunuch warriors and statesmen, 90

Evidence of circumcision on Egyptian monuments, 23

Extraordinary results of phimosis, 282

Female circumcisers in Arabia, 36

Females subject to preputial reflex neuroses, 267, 268

Flaccourt, M. Martin, account of the Madécasses, 54

Fothergill and the unlicensed practitioner on renal pathology, 77

French war-office records, on Jewish vital statistics, 175

Frenum, statistics relating to abnormalities of, 221

Frerichs’ ammoniæmia, 300

Fresnel, M., on marriage circumcision, 54

Full-moon rites among the Bassouto maidens, 44

Galen, on the flaccid virile member, 60, 61

Gangrene of the penis, 236

Golden padlocks worn on prepuce for five years, 54

Greek and Roman statuary and the penis, 60

Greek monks’ object in infibulations, 54; extreme ideas of chastity, 89

Gregg, Dr. Robert J., operative procedure, 320

Griffith, Dr. J. D., cases of reflex irritation, 261

Gross, Prof. S. D., on penile cancer, 230; operations, 320

Grotius and the origin of the Peruvians, 46

Guimara, the, 153

Guinzburg, Dr., on Jewish vital statistics, 176

Gumilla and his South American voyages, 47

Hæmostatic powders, 160

Hare, Prof. Hobart A., on circumcision, 301

Haskins, Dr. A., on Jewish vital statistics, 176

Heaven, Turkish, 115; Buddhist, 116

Hebraic idea of parental origin of constitution of the child, 144

Hebrew Consistory of Paris, 157

Hebrew words in Central American languages, 24

Hebrews, attempts to efface signs of circumcision, 69; secretly circumcise their dead, 68; Hebrew vital statistics, 169 to 179; as proverbial good livers, 171; escape epidemics, 173; peculiarly free from syphilitic taint, 191; their circumcision suitable to young children, 306

Heliogabalus, Emperor, was circumcised, 66

Henry III of France as a Moslem godfather, 64

Henry V of England and the holy prepuce, 71

Heraclius, Emperor, persecuted the Jews, 67

Hermaphrodites, earliest mention of, 117; pederasty causes belief in their existence, 118, 119, 120; Debierre on, 123; notable cases of, 124, 125, 127, 128

Hernia induced by phimosis, 263

Herodotus, his views adopted by Voltaire, 22; visits Egypt, 34

Herrera, on Mexican circumcision, 47

Hey, Dr. William, on preputial cancer, 227

Hindoo devotee wears a six-inch ring in prepuce, 54

Hitouch, 156

Holgate, Dr., of New York, on preputial adhesions, 220; on preputial dilatation, 308

Holy circumcision, 70, 78 prepuces, 70, 72 vinegar and its miraculous effects, 79

Homer, Surgeon U. S. Navy, on the worship of Venus Porclna, 193

Horrible marriage performance, 54

Hottentot restriction on making twins, 60

Hough, Dr., on Jewish longevity, 173

Humphry, Geo. Murray, on “Old Age,” 14

Hutchinson, Dr. Jonathan, on the pre-cancerous stage of cancer, 226; on urethral child, 300

Hypospadias, as a heredity, 129; artificially made, 56; formerly led to belief in hermaphrodism, 129; fecundation in, 129; difficulty in determining sex owing to, 131

Idiocy induced by phimosis and preputial adhesions, 265, 269

Impious wretch steals the holy prepuce, 74

Impotence, holy vinegar and shrinal observances in, 71 to 81

Indians and circumcision, 46 to 48

Induration of prepuce, 250

Inflbulation practices, 48 to 52

Isis inaugurates Osirian rites, 29

Isserth, Rabbi Israel, 153

Jansen, Surgeon of the Belgian Armies, on frenum deformities, '221

Jews’ letters to Voltaire, 22; Jews (see Hebrews).

Judaism unfavorable to religious insanity, 166

Justinia, Emperor, persecuted the Jews, 67

Karo, Joseph, and the “Beth Yosef,” '153

Kemp, Dr. Arthur, on phimosis as a cause of hernia, 264

Kerr, Dr. J. G., on Chinese preputial calculi, 248

Keyes, Dr. E. L., on composition of preputial calculi, 249, 264

King David, the first homœopathic patient, 113; secures two hundred Philistine prepuces, 31

Knife, circumcising, used in ancient Egyptian rite, 23; of shell used by Tonga Islanders, 45; of stone used by Australians, 45; of the holy circumcision, 78; made of rattan among the Fiji Islanders, 327

Lafargue, on Australian circumcision, 44

Lallemand, on masturbation, 223; on tendency to preputial cancer, 228, 329; on circumcision, 317

Las Casas, on Aztec circumcision, 46

Leech, Dr. T. F., on preputial irritation, 260

Letenneur, Prof., on the knife of the holy circumcision, '78

Life-insurance and the circumcised, 290

Lisfrane, rules for operations on the penis, 232; on recession of the body of the penis, 306

Livingstone, on Bassouto circumcision, 44

Longevity of Hebrews, 162, 169, 179

Lonyer-Villermay, M., on female circumcision, 36

Louis XVI as a candidate for the rite, 201

Love, Dr. I. N, on the Mosaic law, 262

Lumholtz, on Australian hypospadias, 56

Macilwain, on reflex neuroses, 330

Magruder, Dr. G. L., on reflex irritation, 261

Maids as heat radiators, 114

Maimonides, Jewish rabbi and physician, 32, 144, 153

Malay circumcision, 45

Malgaigne, operative views, 313, 316

Mapato, or mystery hut, 42

Marriage preceded by circumcision, 54

Martius and Spix, on circumcision on the Amazon, 56

Mastin, Dr. C. H., on calculous disease, 248

Masturbation, 224

Maury, Dr. Frank, on preputial statistics, 219

McLeod, Dr. Neil, circumcision operation, 318

McMahon, Dr. W. R., on reflex epilepsy, 261

Mendelssohn, Rabbi Moses, 164, 168

Mexican circumcision, 46

Mezizah, or act of suction, 150

Milah, 156

Miracles performed by the holy prepuce, 70 to 74

Mishna, the, 153

Mohammed, 65

Mohel, 157, 158

Moses, Dr., of New York, preputial statistics, 220

Moses circumcises his son, 150

Mott, Jr., Dr. A. R., cases of reflex irritation, 258

Music, first schools of, 94

Music at Algerine circumcision, 39; at Mohammedan, in Asia, 39; at Turkish feast, 41

Nelaton, case of infibulation, 54; on penile cancer, 231; on penile hypertrophy, 252

Nelson, Lord, disregard for red tape, 77

New Caledonian circumcision, 45

Newton, Sir Isaac, and the storm-predicting cow, 77

Nicaraguan baptism of blood, 56

Oath of mohel, 158

Oath, Egyptian manner of making oath, 35

Obod, Battle of, 36

Operations on the prepuce, 302; Cloquet’s, 306; Bumstead’s, 310; Hue’s, 312; Bernheim’s, Sedillat’s, 313; Chauvin’s, 313; Cullerier’s, 313; Vanier’s, 316; Vidal de Cassis’, 316; Lallemand’s, 317; A. G. Miller’s, Neil McLeod’s, 318; Erichsen’s, 319; Gross’s, 320; Van Buren and Keyes’, 320; D. Hayes Agnew’s, 320; Overall’s procedure, 321

Origin of phallic worship, 29 of human slavery, 29

Orinoco, circumcision on the, 47

Orloth, penis or prepuce? 31

Osiris vanquished by Typhon, 28

Othomacos Indians and their bloody rite, 48

Owen, Dr. Edmund, on phimosis, 263

Packard, Dr., on preputial statistics, 219

Papal indulgences to worshipers of holy prepuce, 72

Paralysis induced by phimosis, 259

Penis, absence of, 132; diminutive specimens, 213; amputation of, 230, 233, 234, 247; cancer of, 232; gangrene of, 236; hypertrophy of, 248, 251, 252

Periah, 156

Persecutions on account of circumcision, 66

Phœnician origin of circumcision, 22

Phimosed penis on ancient statues, 60

Phimosis, 218, 221; as a cause of hernia, 263

Physicians as practical Christians, 141

Pooley, Prof. J. H., case of preputial irritation, 260

Popè, Rabbi Rav, and the Guimara, 153

Portuguese sailors as Mohammedan proselytes, 40

Potentia generandi, 103 coeundi, 104

Prepuce, infibulated, 54; swallowed by mother, 54; fired off in gun, 54; holy, 71; useful for skin grafts, 207; absence of, 209; influence on man at different ages, 225; induration of, 250; warts of, 250; reflex neuroses from, 256

Preputial miracles, 72; statistics, 219; adhesions, 219, 220; calculi, 248

Price, Dr. M. F., on reflex neuroses, 265; on female preputial irritation, 267, 268

Primitive phallic rites, 28 homœopaths, 113

Procedure in retraction of skin of penis after circumcision, 304

Proselytes, Mohammedan, how circumcised, 40, 41

Public women between decks in U. S. Navy, 193

Puzey, Dr., of Liverpool, on preputial skin grafts, 207

Pythagoras 32; visits Egypt, 34

Ralfe, on causes of interstitial nephritis, 300

Rameses II, circumcision of his sons, 23

Ranney, Prof. A. L., on enuresis, 282

Reconstruction of a prepuce, 68, 69, 328

Rectum, prolapsus of, induced by phimosis, 263

Reflex neuroses from preputial irritation, 254, 330, 331

Regulations of French Hebrew consistories of 1854, 157

Religion, its connection to insanity, 166

Resectricis nympharum, profession of, 36

Restriction on impregnation, 57; on twins, 60

Retraction of skin of penis after circumcision, 303

Richardson, Dr. B. W., on relation of race to disease, 169, 170, 171, 177

Ricord’s definition of the prepuce, 206; operations on the prepuce, 313

Roman infibulation, 58

Royal decree of 1845 in France, 157

Roux, on cancer of the prepuce, 227

Rush, Benjamin, and the cancer quack, 77

Saint-Germain, Dr., on preputial abnormalities, 264

Saint Foutin and his shrine, 78

Saint Guerluchon at Bourg-Dieu, 79

Saint Guignole and the miraculous phallus, 80

Saint Coulombs and the miraculous prepuce, 70

Saturnus the first eunuchiser, 83

Sayer, Prof. Lewis A., contributions to medical science, 255

Scythians carry off heads of the slain, 30

Self-circumcision, attempt at, 203

Semiramis first employs eunuchs, 85

Severus Sulpicius, on effects of climate, 50

Sham battles at circumcision feasts, 37, 41, 42, 44

She-circumcisers, 36

Shrine for the recovery of impotent males, 79

Smith, Dr. J. Lewis, on preputial irritation, 263

Solomon, Dr., of Brunswick, on suction, 158

Soudanese chastity protector, 52

Sphincterismus due to phimosis, 292

Spiked chastity belt in Naples museum, 52

Stallard, Dr., on Jewish vital statistics, 173

Sterility cured at sacred shrines, 71 to 81

Stricture of urethra and phimosis, 289, 290

Styptics used by mohels, 158, 159

Syphilis, statistics relating to, 187 to 199

Syphilis and scrofula, 190

Taylor, Dr. C. F., on masturbation, 269

Totonac circumcision, 46

Tonga Islanders’ rite, 45

Toxæmia, resulting from phimosis, 293; of von Jaksch, 294

Tube, penis carried in, 56

Tunca Indian circumcision, 56

Turkish circumcision, 39 to 41

Tylor, on the Stone Age and circumcision, 336

Van Buren and Keyes, on circumcision, 320

Vanier du Havre, Dr., 54, 224; on operations, 316

Venus, birth of, 84

Vidal de Cassis, on preputial operations, 316

Virey, account of Hindoo bonze, 54

Virgins’ chain of bells in ancient Judea, 52

Vital statistics of Jews, 169 to 179

Voltaire, on origins of circumcision, 22

Von Jaksch’s definition of Toxæmia, 294

Wadd, Dr., on preputial cancer, 227; on hypertrophy of penis, 252

Walshe, on preputial cancer, 235

Warren, on preputial cancer, 235

Warts of penis and prepuce, 250

Waterman, Dr., on Jewish vital statistics, 177

Wax images of penis deposited on shrines, 79

Welsh words in Mandan language, 24

Wet dressing objectionable after circumcision, 304, 311

White Bull, sacred among Sioux and Egyptians, 26; origin of sacredness, 29

Willard, Dr. De Forest, observations on the prepuce, 262

Wine at circumcision feasts, 151

Wirthington, Dr. F. J., on preputial irritation, 259

Wise, Dr. I. M., on St. Paul the apostle, 19

Warman, Prof., of Brooklyn, on circumcision, 26

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HOW TO REDUCE SIZE WITHOUT LOSING STRENGTH. 1109

voice. A thorough-bred person may belong to the artistic, mechanical, or scientific classes, either appreciatively or executively; he must exhibit both gentleness and spirit, as occasion requires; he must be governed by the law of justice; he must make the comfort of his associates his concern, and do what is right in order to enhance their happiness.

The facial indications of those who are not thorough-bred, speaking physiologically, are as follow: A coarse, thick skin; a “muddy” complexion, or one permanently blotched, pimpled, or discolored; dull eyes, very small or very large and bulging; coarse hair, or that which is very light or colorless,—that is to say, of no decided hue. I regard very light colored, pallid people as morbid varieties; also those with irregular teeth, a very small or ill-shapen nose, small nostrils, perpendicular jaws, exposed gums, open mouth, receding chin, or one that projects greatly forward, ending in a point; thin, pallid, dry lips; hollow cheeks, flat upper cheeks. ugly or ill-shapen ears, a voice weak, thin, hoarse, shrill or nasal; a long, cylindrical neck; a high, narrow forehead.

The undue development of certain organs and systems of the body induces abnormal conditions, as, for example, an excessive disposition of fatty tissue. When the appetite is voracious, or the nutritive system uncommonly active, too much of the carbonaceous elements of the food are eliminated, or, as it often occurs, too much carbonaceous food, such as white bread, potatoes, etc., is consumed for the needs of the body; the consequence is an excess of fat, which, in many subjects, impedes respiration, prevents activity, and gives a generally uncomfortable feeling. For this condition a spare diet is often prescribed, but as this is felt to be a hardship, and as few who attempt it succeed in continuing it long enough to produce satisfactory results, it is pronounced a failure.

For this class of people there is a very agreeable and sure method of reducing the bulk without reducing strength and without compelling too great a sacrifice of the appetite.

HOW TO REDUCE THE SIZE WITHOUT LOSING STRENGTH.

A diet which will attain this result is easily obtained, and of it the subject can use a quantity sufficient to allay the craving for food.

This diet consists of absolutely raw foods, nothing cooked being allowed. This diet, of course, must consist mainly of fruits, nuts, grains, milk, and, when flesh-meat is desired, a Hamburg beefsteak may be partaken of; this steak is raw beef chopped fine and seasoned with onion, salt, pepper, or other condiments; to this may be added raw oysters and clams. Every kind of fruit

SYSTEMS AND FACULTIES REQUIRED FOR A SURGEON. 1143

is a dangerous being); he should develop his friendliness, love of children, and of the opposite sex; in short, he should be a lover of humanity.

THE SYSTEMS AND FACULTIES REQUIRED FOR A SURGEON.

Fig. 300—EDWARD JENNER, M.D. (Celebrated English Physician, Author, and Discoverer of Vaccination.)

No scientific physiognomist could mistake this face for other than that of a physician, and an earnest and attentive one as well, as evidenced by the signs of “natural physician” in the cheek-bones, in the attitude of the head and neck, and by the thoughtful, observant expression of the eye. The combination of systems in this subject is such as is most frequently observed among physicians, viz., the supremacy of the osseous and brain systems. The muscular, thoracic, and vegetative powers all assist in this combination by their development. The signs for Conscience and Firmness are apparent. Love of Home and Patriotism rank high. Benevolence, Amativeness, Love of Young, Mirth, Approbation, Self-esteem, Modesty, Friendship, Alimentiveness, Sanativeness, Pneumativeness, and Color combine to form a lovely domestic and social nature. The form, size, and peculiarities of the nose claim attention. It is a nose denoting Constructiveness, Originality, and logical power. The signs for Hope, Analysis, Mental Imitation, Human Nature, Ideality, Sublimity, Construction, and Acquisition are strongly delineated. Self-will is normally developed, while Size, Form, Observation, Weight, Locality, Calculation, and Memory of various sorts are manifest. The signs of Language in the eye and mouth denote fluency, while the practical faculties, being dominant, would give clearness, perspicacity, and directness to his style of expression, either oral or written. Time, Order, Reason, and Intuition are well developed. The long-continued observation and experiments of this noble physician in his endeavor to protect humanity from the ravages of small-pox by his discovery of vaccination, met at last with a suitable recognition, for he received by a vote of Parliament the sum of £30,000, and special honors were awarded him. It is a singular fact that all of the benefactors of the human race—those who have benefited it by discoveries of any kind whatever—have met with the most violent opposition, treachery, and often disgrace, before they could make the world see the value of their discoveries. Such was the case with Dr. Jenner, but his firmness and truth at last gained the victory.

The best form for a surgeon who attempts the most severe operations is the round build of body and head, and many of them are of this shape. The muscular system should be supreme, with the brain system a close second, the bony and thoracic systems about equal and next in development.

The muscular tissue is comparatively unfeeling—insensitive;

OTHER CLASSES OF SURGEONS 1145

in the body. Form and Size are also requisite to aid the memory of the shape and relative position of each part, and to assist Locality. Human Nature is essential in order that he may be en rapport with his patients, and also to enable him to divine instinctively all bodily and mental states. He should be a good physiognomist, and be well versed in the pathology of physiognomy. He must have large Observation, in order to take cognizance of the most minute changes and appearances. Calculation is a useful trait also, as it is required in many ways in the medication and treatment of the wounded, as in chemistry and in making surgical implements, etc. He should have large Friendship; in order to attach his patients to him and to command their esteem; enough Benevolence to sympathize, but not enough to weaken the feelings when severity is required. The faculty of Amativeness is necessary to comprehend the nature of the opposite sex; Love of Young also, that he may inspire children with love and confidence.

The sense of Weight should be a strong one, for the muscular sense is dependent upon its power in order to gauge the amount of force to be used in handling instruments and in bandaging wounds, limbs, etc. Executiveness is required to assist authority and give resistance. Self-will is another ally most necessary, as well as Analysis, Time, Order, and Reason. A fair share of musical ability is required to assist the ear in making examinations of the heart and lungs, and in auscultation for various other purposes. If to these faculties one adds large Intuition, he has a fine bodily and mental equipment for the practice of surgery.

OTHER CLASSES OF SURGEONS.

Many army surgeons are characterized by a round and broad form, with broad, rather low, and round heads; short, round arms, and round and tapering fingers. This build is the most suitable for those severe operations which require the greatest exhibition of force, endurance, and coolness; another class of surgeons—those who undertake the more delicate and less forceful operations—are characterized by about an equal development of the brain and muscular systems. This class of surgeons tend naturally to the treatment of those finer, less difficult, and more delicate cases of operative surgery, such, for example, as treatment of the ear, the eye, etc. This class of surgeons require a fine endowment of the brain and nervous system. In short, the muscles as well as nerves of this class must be sensitive to a great degree, and this combination calls for a fine and high organization.

The surgeon should be something of an actor in order to know when to be sympathetic and when to be severe. Yet he

Transcriber’s Notes & Errata

The last three pages of the book are facsimile pages from another book. I have placed the pages in the text as illustrations followed by their transricptions.

Footnotes 25-30 have been renumbered in sequence.

The anchor for footnote 102 was missing. Has been inserted at the appropriate place.

‘oe’ ligatures have been replaced by separate ‘o’ and ‘e’ characters.

The following words were found in both hyphenated and unhyphenated forms once each.

bed-clothesbedclothes

co-existencecoexistence

short-comingsshortcomings

The word ‘pre-cancerous’ occurred four times in the text, while ‘precancerous’ occurred twice, both in the index. These index entries have been hyphenated.

The following typographical errors have been corrected.

PageErrorCorrection

14routerout

58prepuseprepuce

69a aa

99siezesseizes

102StèrilitèStérilité

114othersothers’

170TranyslvaniaTransylvania

179occasianoccasion

195suprisedsurprised

205functionjunction

206orginatedoriginated

226smoulderdsmouldered

227weswas

237tissestissues

239dutbut

242innnerinner

263maymany

290brakemenbrakeman

307thinnesthinness

333toteltotal

342AmericaAmerican