Part 2 — INDEX

Abailard and Héloïse, story of, 136-137 Academe of Athens, 46; of Mitylene, 46, 47; its teaching to women, 58-59 Actium, 93 Adam and Eve, married before mated, 1; their union a Persian conceit, 1 Adultery, as represented by the Restoration Dramatists, 223 Alaric, 120 Alchemy, 193 Alcibiades, 43 Æmilius Paulus, 83 Æsculapius, created to heal the body, 65 Affinities, Elective, 241 Agreda, 238 Alexander, his bad influence on Greek worship of beauty, 59; his decensus Averni, 63-64; the prototype of the Roman Cæsars, 64 Albigenses, the, 175 Anacreon, his treatment of love, 54; compared with Sappho’s singing, 54 Anaïtis, 5 André, Maître, 152 Andromeda, the Friend of Sappho, 47 Anne, Queen, 237 Antoninus Pius, 108 Antoninus, Marcus, 108 Antony, 90; his treatment of Cleopatra, 91; his conquest by Cleopatra, 91-92; his marriage with Cleopatra, 92; his divorce of Octavia, 93; war with Octavius, 93-94; deserted by Cleopatra, 93; his ruin by Cleopatra, 94-95 Apelles, 61 Aphrodite, worship of, in Greece, 31, 32; De Musset on, 31; Homer’s idea of, different from Hesiod’s, 31; Hesiod’s, 34; death of, in Greece, 64; inspired sculpture in her death, 64; Urania, 28-40; Pandemos, 55; Pandemos, love inspired by, 67; Urania, love inspired by, 67; degraded by Rome, 104 Apis, 104 Apollonius of Tyana, his view of Helen of Troy, 36 Aquinas, Thomas, 193 “Arabian Nights, The,” 139-140 Arabs, in Spain, 163-167 Aragon, the source of the gaya cienca, 172 Aristophanes, 29; Athenian women in, 42; his explanation of the duality of love, 69-70 Aristotle, 61 Armenia, its contribution to Babylon, 3 Art, Greek, bad influence of, on the worship of Aphrodite, 32 Arthur, King, story of, 152 Asceticism, its persistence, 118-119 Ashtaroth, 5; ruled in Judæa, 11; reviled by the Hebrew Prophets, 11, 12 Aspasia, the age of, 53-64; her relation with Pericles, 56; her story, 56-57; the ruler of Pericles, 62; her power over Pericles, 63; what she did for woman, 62; her revelation of womanly power, 63 Astarte, 5; came to Rome from Syria, 104 Astronomy, relation to love, 68 Athens, in the age of Pericles, 59-60; and Sparta, duel between, 60-61 Atthis, lover of Sappho, 49 Attila, 121; his death, 121 Attraction, the law of, 259 Augustus, age of, 101-106; his turpitude, 102 Baal, 10, 11 Bacon, Friar, 193 Babylon, influence of Semiramis on, 3; influence of Nineveh on, 3, 4; contribution of Armenia to, 3; the daughters of, 4; the inspirer of Solomon, 13 Bacchus, Antony’s tutelary god, 91 Beatrice and Dante, 98; Dante’s love for, 177-180 Beauty, the religion of Greece, 28, 29; its worship by the Greeks, 58-59; its stimulating force, 70-71; the secret of life, 87; the secret of death, 87; at the beginning of the Reformation, 201; as advanced by Ficino and expounded by Bembo, 204, 205; may be degraded but never vulgarized, 211 Bembo, 204 Béranger, on Society, 249 Bertheflede, story of, 125 Bluebeard, 191-197; an example of hæmatomania, 194-196 Boccaccio, 177, 178; the Decameron of, 188-190; his work the signal for the Renaissance, 189-190 Bœotia, the scene of Lesbian rites, 46 Borgias, the, 200 Bossuet, 135; and Quietism, 238 Brahmanism, its evil influence on the poetry of the Vedas, 9 Broceliande, 152 Brantôme, 215, 216, 217, 219 Buddha, his teachings the same as Christ’s, 113 Byzance, in the Middle Ages, 139; the teacher of English civilization, 141 Cæsar, Julius, his treatment of women, 85; his temperament, 89; Cato’s opinion of, 89; his treatment of Cleopatra, 89 Cæsars, the palace of, abandoned to orgies, 106 Caligula, his vileness, 102 Callicrates, 57 Calpurnia, 85 Calypso, 38, 39; added coquetry to love, 53 Carthage, worship of Venus in, 6, 7 Casanova, Jacques, 248 Catherine of Siena, 132 Catiline, his evil influence on Rome, 84-85 Cato, his expression on woman’s position in Rome, 79; his opinion of Cæsar, 89 Catullus, his passing away with the republic, 97-98; his songs, 97-98 Celibacy, penalized by the Greeks, 116; taxed by the Romans, 116; inculcated by the Church, 116; how viewed variously, 116-117; the ideal of the early Christians, 120 Cellini, Benvenuto, 202 Cervantes, 231 Chaldæa, the ideas of, with regard to Nature, 3; originated picture of Pandora, 40 Champagne, Countess of, 160 Charaxus, story of his love for Rhodopis, 45-46 Charles II of England, his influence on England, 221-224; his court, 223; his mistresses, 224 Chastity, the pride of Spartan women, 44 Chateauroux, Mme. de, 247 Chivalry, origin of, 138; Muslim, 141; adopted by the Church, 142; Age of, how it regarded love, 145-146; ridiculed out of existence, 149; killed by the invention of gunpowder, 149; code of love in, 153-155; its merits, 158; Courts of Love, 155; subtle case in, 156; other cases, 158-160; wrongly derived from Germany, 167; rightly originated in the Moors, 167-168 Christ, the new messenger of love, 111; the bringer of good news, 111-112; his teaching, 112-113; preceded by Buddha, 113; his opinion of woman, 113; his treatment of woman, 115; women the brides of, 133 Christianity, unable to better Homeric faith, 30; Roman hatred of, 120; misinterpreted by the early Church, 135; conquered by Muhammadanism, 138 Christians, Roman persecution of, 118-119 Chrysostom, on woman, 128 Church, Early Christian, corner-stone of, 112 Church, the, adopts the code of Chivalry, 142 Church, the Early, its struggles, 119 Church, the later, its restrictions on marriage, 147, 148; its divorce laws, 148 Cicero, his exposition of stoicism, 108 Cinderella, story of, in the story of Rhodopis, 45-46 Circe, 38, 39 Clement, 118 Clement of Alexandria, 113 Cleopatra, Isis unveiled, 86; her beauty, 88; her headiness, 89; how treated by Cæsar, 89; how treated by Antony, 91; her conquest of Antony, 91-92; her ambitious dreams, 92; her desertion of Antony, 93; her schemes for Octavius, 94; her evil influence on Antony, 94-95; her death, 96 Cloister, the, 128-129 Constantinople, the Fall of, 198; its consequences, 199-200 Convents, of Corinth and Miletus, 58 Copernicus, 200 Coquetry, the kingdom of, by the Abbé d’Aubignac, 229 Cordova, Caliphs of, 164-165 Corinna, 100 Corinth, the hetairæ of, 56; convents of, 58 Corneille, his Rodrigue and Chimène, 230; his Cid, 230-231 Correggio, 132 Courts of Love, 155-157 Crassus, 84 Crusades, the, 138 Cynthia and Propertius, 98 Dante, and Beatrice, 98; his idea of Fortune, 33; his poetry founded in Provençal verse, 172; his early life and career, 177-184; Voltaire’s opinion of, 181; Tennyson’s opinion of, 181; his influence, 182; and Petrarch, compared, 186-187 D’Aubignac, Abbé, his Kingdom of Coquetry, 229 D’Auvergne, Martial, 159 Decamerone, Il, its scope and influence, 188-90 Demosthenes, 61 De Musset, on Aphrodite, 31 Diane de Poytiers, 216-217 Divans, the, of the Moors, 171 Divorce, in Greece in Sappho’s time, 43; not obligatory under the Cæsars, 103; how obtained under the Cæsars, 103; under the later Church, 148; in England under Henry VIII, 204; in Italy, 205 Don Quixote, 148-149 Du Barry, Duchesse de, 244, 247 Dupleix, his account of Margot of France, 219 D’Urfé, Honoré, his pastoral, 227 Ecclesiasticus, his view of woman, 10 Egypt, position of women in, 45; influence of women of, 46; its acceptance of beauty, 87-88; the gods of, 87-88 Eleanor of England, 141 Eleusinian mysteries, 57; Epiphanies, 72-73 England, born of Shakespeare, 182; divorce in, 204-205; Puritan, 221; Elizabethan, 221-222; Early Stuart, 221; Cromwellian, 222; under the Georges, 243 Ennius, 105 Epicurus, 29, 61 Erato, finds freedom in Lesbos, 46 Erinna, 47 Ermengarde of Narbonne, 160 Eros, degraded by Rome, 104 Euripides, 29 Europe, after the fall of Rome, 126; how influenced by Islâm, 141-142; before the Renaissance, 198-199; in the eighteenth century, 244-245 Eurydice and Orpheus, 30 Eve, suggested by Hesiod’s Pandora, 40 Evolution, 260 Ewald, on “The Song of Songs,” 15 Ez Zahara, 164-165 Fabiola, 147 Family, the, the outcome of a better treatment of, 2 Fénélon, and Quietism, 239 Feudalism, its origin, 125; its bad influence on woman, 146; marriage under, 146-147 Ficino, 203-204 Florence, in the time of Dante, 177 Fragonard, 246 Francesca and Paolo, 182 François I, the king of Gallantry, 213, 214; the Court of, 214 Fright, early man’s first sensations, 2 Gabrielle d’Estrées, 219-220 Gallantry, as defined by Montesquieu, 213; the parody of love, 213; embellishes vice, 213; the direct cause of the French Revolution, 213; adopted by François I, 214 Gautier, Théophile, his definition of love, 251 Gay Science, the, 164-176; founded in Aragon, 172 Genius, ascetic, 117 George II of England, 244 Germany, at the time of Louis XIV, 239-240; love in, in the eighteenth century, 240-244; aping of Louis XIV, 241 Gerson, his catalogue of ravishment, 133 Glycera, 57, 58 Gorgo, lover of Sappho, 49 Gospels, the, 113; the lost gospels, 113 Granada, palaces of, 165 Greece, worship of Ishtar in, 6; a gay nation, 28; and Judæa, contrasted, 28; had many creeds, but one religion, 28; amours of, a part of its worship of beauty, 29; its gods real to it, 29-30; women in, in Sappho’s time, 41-42; beautiful women deified in, 58; sale of beauty in, 59; its decadence, 64 Greek poetry, its splendors, 61 Greeks, the, their appreciation of this world’s gifts, 57 Grégoire de Tours, 119, 129 Gregorovius, his description of Rome, 200-201 Guyon, Mme., and Quietism, 237-239 Gwynne, Nell, 224 Hadrian, 108 Hæmatomania, 194 Hallam, his opinion of knight-errantry, 161-162 Harlots, in Rome, 80-81 Hecate, 28 Helen of Troy, her place in poetry, 34-35; her influence on the Greek people, 35; her degradation an evil influence, 35; her idealization a source of inspiration, 35-36; as viewed by Apollonius of Tyana, 36; and Menelaus, 36-37; and Paris, 37; as a man’s property, 37 Henry IV, of France, 218; and Gabrielle d’Estrées, 219-220 Hephæstos, 28 Herodotus, on Ishtar, 5, 6 Hesiod, his idea of Aphrodite, 31; Eve suggested by his Pandora, 40 Hetaira, the, 55 Hetairæ, the girls of the, 56-57 Héloïse and Abelard, story of, 136-137 Heptaméron, the, 209-210 Hermas, 118 Hermits, the outcome of Christianity, 116 Home, the outcome of a better treatment of woman, 2 Homer, 28; his influence on Greek thought, 29; his faith in beauty, 29; Iliad and Odyssey of, 30; his idea of Aphrodite, 31; Odyssey and Iliad, morality of, 38; the sirens of, 39-40 Honor, the chivalrous meaning of, 143 Horace, his view of the Iliad, 38; compared with Sappho, 47; “the little fat man,” 98-99; his art as sung by Ponsard, 99-100 Horus, 87 Hugo, Victor, 213 Huns, their invasion of Rome, 121 Iliad, the, its view of woman, 62-63 Immortality, love of, 70 Infanticide, in Rome, 118 Inquisition, founded, 176 Ishtar, her influence in the world, 4; history of, 5, 6; worship of, identical with the Hindu Kama-dasi, 6; in Greece, 6; rites of, 6, 7 Isis, 87, 88 Islâm, its influence on Europe, 141-142 Islamism, treatment of women under, 169-170 Jehovah, the evolution of, among the Jews, 11, 12 Jews, their view of woman, 10; their prophets reviled the worship of Ashtaroth, 11, 12; evolution of Jehovah among the, 11, 12; their message for Rome, 110-11 Joy, the Parliaments of, 150-163 Judæa, did not honor women, 10; the position of the patriarch in, 10; and Greece, contrasted, 28 Julius II, 202 Juvenal, 103 Kama-dasi, the Hindu, identical with worship of Ishtar, 6 Knighthood, its meaning, 144 Knight-errantry, 161-162 Koran, a precept in, 168-169 Lacedæmon, 63; its effect on Sparta and Greece, 63 Lais, her epitaph, 58; wealth of, 59 Laura and Petrarch, 183-188; the quality of her love, 187-188; her position between Dante and Boccaccio, 188 La Vallière, 232-233 Leonora D’Este, 208; her character, 210 Leo X, 201; his expression of the Papacy, 202 Lepidus, 90 Lesbos, the women of, 44-45; women of, influenced by Egypt, 46 L’Estoile, Pierre de, 219, 220 Life, Definition of, 70 London, in the Georgian period, 243 Longinus, his reverence for Sappho, 47 Longueville, Mme. de, 245-246 Lorenzo, the Magnificent, 200 Louis XIV, of France, 232-234; his mistresses, 232-236; his kingdom, 236 Louis XV, of France, 247 Love, absent from Eden, 1; evolution of, in history, 7, 8; evil influence of theology on, 8; the Gospel of, “The Song of Songs” viewed as, 13, 14; its change in Sappho’s time, 54; Plato’s view of, 65-66; in the Phædrus of Plato, 66; in the Symposium of Plato, 66; argument on, by Plato, 66-67; not every love divine, 67; two loves in the human body, 67; in relation to astronomy, 68; religion, intermediary of, 68; duality of, explained by Aristophanes, 68; Socrates’s statement of the essence of, 69-70; exerted in happiness in immortality, 70; higher mysteries of, 71; its value to life, 71-72; how regarded by Plato, 74; the new ideal of, through Christ, 111; dispersed the darkness of the Middle Ages, 138; how regarded in the Age of Chivalry, 145-146; exalted under Feudalism, 148; joy of, its humanizing influence, 150; Courts of, 155-157; code of, in chivalry, 153-155; its merits, 158; cases of, in chivalry, 158-160; a picture of, in mediæval times, 162-163; the religion of the troubadours, 175; to Petrarch, 188; to Dante, 189; as viewed by Boccaccio, 188-190; as viewed by Plato, 203; Platonic, 205-206; as influenced by Platonism, 205-207; as influenced by Venice, 207; as shown by Marguerite of France, 209-210; a high summit reached in Michael Angelo and Vittoria Colonna, 212; non inferiora secutus, 212; in the seventeenth century, 213-236; its modern history opens with laughter, 213; its melody in Platonism, its parody in gallantry, 213; always educational, 213; in Spain, Germany, France, and England in the seventeenth century, 214; under François I, 215; under Henry IV, of France, 218-222; its degradation under the Restoration, 224; the Scudéry map of, 228-230; in the eighteenth century, 237-250; in Germany in the eighteenth century, 241; the dawn of its rebirth in the eighteenth century, 245; the lowest depths of, 249; changes in form but never in character, 250; as defined by Gautier, 251; the subject for philosophy, 251; its basis, 252; first analyzed by Plato, 252; its nature elaborated by Schopenhauer, 252-257; a manifestation of the Genius of Species, 253; its nature is will for the purpose of creation, 253; used by Nature as a means to an end, 254-255; Nature’s veil of illusion, 255; the manifestation of an instinct, 255; its purpose, the materialization of a particular being, 256; wrongly diagnosed by Schopenhauer, 259-260; its advance in evolution, 260; modern, 260-261 Lovers, Socrates’s ideal, 171 Lucretia, 82 Lucrezia Borgia, 204 Lucullus, 84 Luther, the true founder of modern society, 201 Lycurgus, his laws on marriage, 44 Macaulay, 222, 223 Macon, second council of, on woman, 127 Macrobius, his description of Roman Saturnalia, 75-76 Macænas, lackey of Augustus, 102 Mahabhârata, the, The Vedic history of love, 7, 8 Man, early, his attitude toward Nature, 2, 3; pleasure not known to him, 2 Manu, laws of, on marriage, 8 Margot, wife of Henry IV of France, 218-219 Marguerite of France, 208; 208-210; the Heptaméron of, 209-210 Marius, 120 Marriage, laws of Manu on, 8; position of women in Greece in, 42; in Sparta, 44; in Rome, 79-80; under the Cæsars, 103; Lex Pappea Poppœa, 103; as viewed by the Early Christian Church, 114; St. Sebastian on, 114; St. Augustine on, 114; made incumbent by Hebrew law, 116; St. Paul on the dignity of, 119-120; under the feudal system, 146-147; how restricted by the later Church, 147-148; in days of chivalry, 157 Mary Magdalen, 115 Matrimony, as interpreted by later Platonism, 205 Medliævalism, the prelude to the Renaissance, 198 Medici, Catherine de, 217 Menander, 57 Menelaus, and Helen of Troy, 36-37 Michael Angelo, 202; his love for Vittoria Colonna, 211-212 Mignet, 213 Miletus, convents of, 58 Minstrels, the, 164 Mithra, 104 Modesty, in the eighteenth century, 246 Molière, his ridicule of the Précieuses, 227 Molinos, 135; his Quietism, 237 Moloch, 10, 11 Monasteries, 128-129 Montespan, Marquise de, 234-235 Montesquieu, his definition of gallantry, 213 Moors, in Spain, 163-167; their learning and poetry, 166; originated chivalry, 167-168; their power in Europe, 168; their treatment of women, 169-170 Morbihan, the paintings in, 196 Moses, his view of woman, 10, 11 Moslems, chivalry of, 141 Muhammad, conquers Persia, 139; the two things he really cared for, 168 Nature, early man, attitude toward, 2 Nausicaa, 38 Nebuchadnezzar, 41 Nepenthe, an Egyptian drug, 36 Nineveh, its influence on Babylon, 3, 4 Nostradamus, 153, 155 Nuns, 131 Octavius, 90; a model citizen, 93; his opinion of Cleopatra, 93; war with Antony, 93-94; his design against Cleopatra, 95; defeated by Cleopatra’s death, 95-96 Odysseus, 38; Homer’s service to, 38 Odyssey, the, its view of woman, 63 Olympus, kindly to its worshippers, 30; influence of the gods of, on Greek mind, 33 Omphale, 56 Orpheus, and Eurydice, 30 Osiris, 87, 88 Ovid, his picture of Sappho, 51; his “Art of Love,” 100; poet of pleasure, 100-101; his banishment, 101 Pallas, 59 Palmer, Barbara, 224 Pandora, 40; picture of, of Chaldæan origin, 40 Pantheon, Roman, a lupanar, 105 Papacy, the, its war against the troubadours, 176; as expressed by Leo X, 202 Paris, and Helen, 37 Paris, love in, under François I, 215 Patriarch, the, his position in Judæa, 10 Paul III, 202 Paul, St., his humiliation of woman, 114; on the dignity of marriage, 119-120; his view of Christianity, 134-135 Pericles, his relation with Aspasia, 56; his deification, 61; Age of, the period of Greek decline, 61 Perseus, on Roman thought and life, 104 Petrarch, his poetry, 172; and Laura, 183-188; and Dante compared, 186-187; his love for Laura, 187-188 Phædrus, 73-74; its theory of Beauty, 73-74 Phaon, his relation with Sappho, 49-51 Pheidias, influence of his Zeus on Æmilius Paulus, 31-32 Philip of Macedon, 63 Philippus, 57 Phœnicia, furnished girls for Greek harems, 6 Phryne, 57; as Aphrodite, 57; her acquital before the Areiopagus, 57-58; Praxiteles’s statue of, 58; her wealth, 59 Pindar, 61 Plato, his opinion of Sappho, 47; healer of the mind, 65; his teaching, 65; his view of love, 65-66; his Phædrus and Symposion, 65-66; his Phædrus, 73-74; his theory of beauty in the Phædrus, 73-74; his Republic, 202; his Symposion, 203 Platonism, its view of matrimony interpreted, 205; its influence on love, 206-207; its three saints, 201; the melody of love, 213; beautifies virtue, 213 Pleasure, a later growth in man, 2 Pompadour, Mme. de, 247 Pompeia, 85 Ponsard, his poem on Horace, 99-100 Praxiteles, his Aphrodite, 32-33; his statue of Phryne, 58 Propertius and Cynthia, 98 Provençal, poetry, 171-172; the foundation of Dante and Petrarch, 172 Provence, its troubadourian dogmas, 175-176 Psyche, story of, 30 Publius Claudius, 85 Querouaille, Louise de la, 224 Quietism, the teaching of, 237-289 Radegonde, Story of, 130-131 Rambouillet, Hôtel de, 225 Rambouillet, Madame de, 225-226; her influence, 227 Raphael, 202 Ravaillac, 221 Raymond, Lord, of Castel-Roussillon, 162-163 Reformation, the, its influence on love, 201 Religion, love’s intermediary, 68 Renaissance, the, due to Greek thought, 60; woman under, 151-152; 198-212; the three Graces of, 208 Renan, on “The Song of Songs,” 15 Restoration, the time of, 222-223 Retz, Gilles de, 191-197 Revolution, the French, the effect of Gallantry, 213 Rhodopis, story of her relation with Charaxus, 45-46; the original of Cinderella, 45 Richelieu, 248 Roland, the story of, 142-143 Romans, their primal characteristics, 75-76; the Saturnalia of, 75-76 Rome, mission of, 75; love secondary in, 75; its treatment of the strange gods, 76-77; its attitude to slaves and children, 77; its treatment of women, 77-78; St. Augustine’s view of, 82; puritan in poverty, 82-83; Sylla’s immoral influence on, 83-84; Catiline’s bad influence on, 84-85; the Triumvirate of, 90; in the Augustan age, 101-106; amusements of, 101; under the Emperors, 101-109; degraded Eros into Cupid, 104; degraded Aphrodite into Venus, 104; later gods of, 104-105; degraded under Imperialistic sway, 105; its Pantheon a lupanar, 105; its delight in sensuality, 106-107; its palaces abandoned to orgies, 106-107; more abandoned than Nineveh or Babylon, 108; Imperialistic, compared with age of Pericles, 109; first barbarian who invaded, 110; the message of the Jews for, 110-111; persecution of early Christians, 118-119; its fall, 120; its hatred of Christianity, 120; invaded by the Huns, 121; its antiquity dead, 121; the elements that went to make its greatness, 125; its dissolution, 125; European darkness after fall of, 126-127; as described by Gregorovius, 200-201; under the Papacy, 201 Round Table, Knights of, 152 Roussillon, Gérard de, 159 Ruy Blas, 157-158 Sade, Marquis de, 248-249 Salamis, battle of, 60; its influence on Greece, 60 Salvation, in weakness, 134 Sappho, 41-45; how appreciated by the ancients, 47; the girl Plato, 47; poems of, 48; sources of Odes of, 48; portraits of, 48-49; lover of Atthis, 49; lover of Gorgo, 49; contemporary knowledge of, 49; her relation with Phaon, 49-50; as told by Swinburne, 50; as pictured by Ovid, 51; emancipated love, 53; her singing of love, 54; her influence on the relation of women, 55 Sauval, 215 Scheherazade, 140 Schopenhauer, his exposition of love, 252-257; his error, 259-260 Science, the Gay, 150-151; 164-176; founded in Aragon, 172 Scudéry, Mlle. de, 227; her map of love, 228-230 Semiramis, her influence on Babylon, 3 Seneca, 103; his condemnation of vice, 108-109 Seville, palaces of, 165 Shakespeare, his influence, 182 Sirens, the Homeric, 39-40 Slaves in Rome, 77 Society, after the fall of Rome, 126-127 Socrates, his statement of the essence of love, 69-70; his ideal lovers, 71-72; his discourse on love, 70-72; 117 Solomon, his view of woman, 11; wholly Babylonic, 13 Solon, his opinion of Sappho, 47 “Song of Songs,” The, the Gospel of love, 13, 14; exposition of, as a drama of love, 14, 15; reset as a love drama, 15-27 Sophocles, 61 Sorrow, a sin, 150 Spain, the home of Moorish chivalry, 170-171; at the close of the seventeenth century, 231-233; Court of, at end of seventeenth century, 232 Sparta, condition of women in, 43-44; and Athens, rivalry between, 60-61 St. Augustine, his view of Rome, 82; on marriage, 114 St. Basilius, his praise of Homer, 38 Stoicism, in Rome, 108 Strabo, on Ishtar, 5, 6; his view of Sappho, 47, 49 St. Sebastian, on marriage, 114 Suetonius, his character of Caligula, 102; his Prince and Beast, 107 Swinburne, compared with Sappho, 47; his “Ode to Aphrodite,” 50 Sylla, his moral destruction of Rome, 83-84 Tacitus, on women, 81 Tanit, 5 Tasso, 210; his love for Leonora d’Este, 210-211 Tenderness-on-Sympathy, in Germany, 241 Tennyson, his opinion of Dante, 181 Tertullian, 103 Thais, monument to, 58 Thebes, 63; its fall, 61 Themistocles, son of, 61-62 Theology, its base influence on love, 8 Theresa, St., story of, 132-133 Tiberius, his laws on women, 81 Tournaments, 144-145 Tristram and Isaud, 144 Troubadours, the, 172-174; their religion, 175; opposed by the Papacy, 176 Vedas, the, on love, 7, 8; the poetry of, deformed by Brahmanism, 9 Venice, its evil influence on love, 207 Ventadour, Bernard de, 173 Venus, worship of, 6; name of Hebrew origin, 7; her indifference to mortal aspirations, 33-34 Veronese, 132 Versailles, 232, 235 Vespasian, 108 Virgin, the, aspirations to, 133; the Regina angelorum, 133; reflected in art, 134 Virginia, 82 Vittoria Colonna, 208; her character, 211 Voltaire, his opinion of the Divina Commedia, 181 Walters, Lucy, 224 Westphalia, Peace of, 240 Widows, under code of chivalry, 161 Wives, treatment of, in Sappho’s time, 53-54 Woman, early treatment of, 1, 2; family life, the outcome of better treatment of, 2; common property once, 2; man’s early treatment of, 2; not honored in Judæa, 10; incarnated sin to the Jews, 10; as viewed by Ecclesiasticus, 10; as viewed by Moses, 10, 11; as viewed by Solomon, 11; worshipped in the Renaissance, 15; a man’s chattel, 37; as viewed by Homer, 39-40; beginning of her emancipation, 40; what she represented in Greece, 58; her development through Aspasia, 62; how viewed by the Iliad, 62-63; how viewed by the Odyssey, 62-63; treatment of, by Rome, 77-78; her legal and actual position in Rome, 78; her supremacy in Rome, 78-79; her position stated by Cato, 79; position of, in Rome compared with her position in Greece, 79; hampered by Roman laws, 80-81; Christ’s opinion of, 113; little thought of by St. Paul, 114; her treatment of Christ, 115; condition of, in dark ages, 127; how regarded by the second council of Macon, 127; St. Chrysostom on, 128; retreat to cloister, 129; legend of a, 131-132; her enfranchisement in the Middle Ages, 135-136; her condition in the Crusade times, 141; the arbiter of knightly honor, 143-144; badly influenced by Feudalism, 146; Courts of Love for, 155-157; Code of Love for, 153-155; marriage of, in days of chivalry, 157; her position in days of chivalry, 158; knightly homage for, 158-159; widows under code of chivalry, 161; position of, in Italy, 161; beloved by Muhammad, 168; the Koran on, 168-169; Moorish treatment of, 169-170; seclusion under Islamism, 169-170; her position in Italy in Bembo’s time, 204-205 Women, lost in the deluge, 10; in Greece in Sappho’s time, 41-42; of Lesbos, 44-45; Sappho’s influence on, 55; deification of, in Greece, 58; Tacitus on, 81; laws of Tiberius on, 81; married, reverenced in Rome, 81-82; Cæsar’s treatment of, 85; as brides of Christ, 133; in Germany in eighteenth century, 242; morals of, in Germany, 242; in the eighteenth century, 246 Xantippe, 117 Zend Avesta, the decalogue of the, 150

Footnotes:

[1] Herodotus, I., 199.

[2] Strabo, XVI., xi., 532. Baruch, VI. Justinus, XVIII. St. Augustin: Civit. Dei, IV., 10. Eusebius: Vita Constantini, III., 53-56. Cf. Juvenal, Satir. 9: Nam quo non prostat femina templo?

[3] Renan: Le Cantique des Cantiques.

[4] Paraleipomena, XIII.

[5] Philostratus: Apollonius Tyanensis, IV., 16.

[6] Ethica S. Basilii.

[7] Bérard: Les Phéniciens et l’Odyssée.

[8] Opera et Dies, 70.

[9] Xenophon: de Republica Lacedæmoniorum.

[10] Rossetti, D. G.

[11] Epistolæ Heroïdum, XV.

[12] Athenæus, XIII. Musonius: de Luxu. Becker: Charikles.

[13] Saturnalia, III., 9.

[14] Leg. XII Tabularum, Tab. quinta. “Veteres voluerunt fœminas etiam perfectæ ætatis, propter animi lævitatem, in tutela esse. Itaque, si quis filio filiæve testamento tutorem dederit, et ambo ad pubertatem pervenerint, filius quidem desinit habere tutorem, filia vero nihilominus in tutela permanet.”

[15] Valerius Maximus, II., i. Pliny, XIV., 13.

[16] “Juris humani et divini communicatio.”—Modestin.

[17] Leg. XII. Tabularum. Valerius Maximus, VI., i. Livy, X., 31; XXV., 2. Tacitus: Annal., II., 85. Ulpianus: de Ritu Nuptiarum.

[18] Cicero: de Arusp. Quod in agro Latiniensi auditus est strepitus cum fremitu. Ibid: Providete ne reipublica status commutetur.

[19] Michelet: Histoire Romaine. Saltus: Imperial Purple.

[20] Plutarch: Antonii vita. Cf. Michelet, op. cit.

[21] Suetonius: Augustus, XVIII. Velleius Paterculus, II. lxxxiii. Vergil: Æneid, VIII. Horace: Epod., 9.

[22] Cod. 2, de inutil. Stipulat.

[23] Matthew xvi. 21.

[24] Stromata, III., 6-9.

[25] Timothy ii. 11-12. 1 Corinthians ix. 9. 1 Corinthians vii. 38.

[26] Concil. Trident., sess. XXIV., canon 10.

[27] Augustin: De bono conjugio.

[28] Matthew xix. 12. Revelations xiv.

[29] St. Justin: Apolog., I., 14, 35.

[30] Clement: Strom., III., 6. Hermas: Similit., IX., ii. “Nobiscum dormi non ut maritus, sed ut frater.” Hermas: Visio, I., 2. “Conjugi tuæ quæ futura est (incipit esse) soror tua.”

[31] Boetius, Lib. XVII. Quidam dominus quem vidi, primam sponsarum carnalem cognitionem ut suam petebat. Du Cange: Marchetum. Marcheto mulieris dicitur virginalis pudicitiæ violatio et delibatio.

[32] Récits des Temps Mérovingiens.

[33] Acta Sanctorum.

[34] Michelet: Histoire de France.

[35] I Corinthians xii. 7-9.

[36] Michaud: Histoire des Croisades.

[37] Eginhard: Vita Karoli IX.

[38] Summa Hostiensis, IV. De Sponsalibus.

[39] Beaumanoir, LVII. “Tout mari peut battre sa femme, pourvu que ce soit modérément et sans que mort s’ensuivre.”

[40] St. Jerome: Vita S. Fabiolæ.

[41] Juris Pontificii Analecta.

[42] Ste. Palaye: L’ancienne Chevalerie.

[43] Maître André, chapelain de la cour royale de France. Manuscrit de la Bibliothèque nationale, No. 8758.

[44] “Des personnages de grands renoms estant venus visiter le pape Innocent III à Avignon, furent ouïr les definitions et sentences d’amour prononcées par les dames.”—Nostradamus.

[45] Martial d’Auvergne: Les Arrêts d’Amour.

[46] Assises de Jérusalem.

[47] Conde: Historia de la dominacion de los Arabes en España.

[48] “Ex Arabibus versum simili sono concluendorum artem accepimus.” Huet.

[49] “De orden del cardenal Cisneros se abrazaron mas de ochenta mil volùmenes como si no tuvieran mas libros que su Alcoran.”—Aledrès; Descripcion de España.

[50] “... Fue muy buen caballero, y se decia de él que tenia las diez prendas que distinguen à los nobles y generosos, que consisten en bondad, valentia, caballeria, gentileza, poesia, bien hablar, fuerza, destreza en la lanza, en la espada y en el tirar del arco.” Conde, II., 63.

[51] “Dans les pays soumis à l’Islam on ne voit aucune femme publique.”—Viardot: Hist. des Arabes.

[52] Conde, II., 93.

[53] Escolano: Historia de Valencia. “La lengua maestria de la España es la lemosina.”

[54] “Con l’altre donne mia vista gabbate.”

[55] Epistolæ sine titulo.

[56] Lobineau: Histoire de Bretagne.

[57] Manuscrit de la Bibl. nationale, No. 493, F.

[58] Saltus: The Pomps of Satan.

[59] Michelet: Hist. de France.

[60] Luther: Tisch-Reden.

[61] Castiglione: Il Cortegiano. Ficino: Il comento sopra il convito.

[62] Firenzuola: Ragionamenti.

[63] Sauval: Mémoires Historiques concernant les amours des rois de France.

[64] Guiffrey: “Lettres inédites.”

[65] Tallemant des Reaux: Historiettes.

[66] Dupleix: Histoire de Louis XIII.

[67] Pierre de l’Estoile: Mémoires et journaux.

[68] Macaulay: “History of England.”

[69] Saint-Victor: L’Espagne sous Charles II.

[70] Menzel: Germany.

[71] Earl Malmesbury’s Diaries and Correspondence.

[72] Scherr: Deutsche Kulturgeschichte.

[73] Hervey: Memoirs.

[74] Goncourt: La Femme au dix-huitième siècle.

[75] “Il lui fit sept enfants sans lui dire un mot.”—d’Argenson.

[76] Die Welt als Wille und Vorstellung.

Transcriber’s Notes:

Some quotes are opened with marks but are not closed. Obvious errors have been silently closed, while those requiring interpretation have been left open.

The following spellings have been standardized in the index: “Heloïse” to “Héloïse” “Muhammedanism” to “Muhammadanism” “Islam” to “Islâm” “Heptameron” to “Heptaméron” “Muhammed” to “Muhammad” “Gerard” to “Gérard” “Scudery” to “Scudéry” “Mohammed” to “Muhammad”