LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

WOOD ENGRAVINGS.

FIG. PAGE

1. Nymphon Abyssorum, Norman 81

2. Caprella spinosissima, Norman 83

3. Pentacrinus asteria, Linnæus 85

COLOURED PLATES.

PLATE

1. 1. Flustra Lineata; (a) enlarged with polypes protruding. 2. Flustra Foliacea. 3. Valkeria Cuscuta; (a) natural size; (b) two tentacles; (c) tentacles bent inwards; (d) enlarged, showing the gradual eversion of the animal. 4. Crisia Denticulata; (a) natural size. 5. Gemellaria Lorioata; (a) natural size. 6. Sertularia Rosea; (a) natural size. 7. Cellularia Ciliata; (a) natural size; (b) one of the bird’s heads; (c) cell and bird’s head, much enlarged. 8. Campanularia Syringa; (a) natural size. 9. Campanularia Volubilis, enlarged. 10. Serialaria Lendigera. 11. Notamia Bursaria; (a) natural size; (b) two pairs of polype cells with the tobacco pipe appendages 73

2. 1. Cardium Rusticum, (tuberculatum). 2. Pagurus Bernhardi, in a Periwinkle Shell 65

3. 1. Nemerties Borlasii. 2. Sabella? 3. Sand-tube of Terebella Conchilega (See Plate 8) 136

4. 1. Synapta Digitata; (a) Ditto separating and throwing out capsuliferous threads. 2. Thalassima Neptuni 109

5. 1. Balanophyllea Regia, expanded; (a) Ditto, contracted; (b) Ditto coral; (c) Ditto, tentacle enlarged; 2. Caryophyllea Smithii partly expanded; (a) Ditto, section of bony plates; (b) Ditto, tentacle. 3. Sagartia Anguicoma closed; (a) Ditto, basal disc showing radiating septa. 4. Synapta Digitata (See Plate 4); (a, b) Ditto, fingered tentacles enlarged; (c) Ditto, Spiculæ; (d) Ditto, anchor lying on its transparent anchor-plate. 5. S. Vittata? perforated anchor-plate; (a) Spicula 117

6. 1. Actinia Mesembryanthemum, partially expanded; (a) Ditto, closed. 2. Bunodes Crassicornis. 3. Caryophyllea Smithii Front 135

7. 1. Echinus Miliaris, creeping over Modiola barbata. 2. Ditto, creeping up the glass. 3. Hiding under stones 168

8. 1. Littorina Littorea (See Plate 9); (a) operculum; (b) pallet; (c) part of pallet, magnified. 2. Nassa Reticulata (See Plate 11); (a) egg capsules; (b, c) fry; (d) shell of fry; (e) pallet, magnified. 3. Patella Vulgaris; (a) palate, natural size; (b, c) Ditto, enlarged. 4. Echinus Miliaris (See Plate 7); (a) teeth and digesting mill; (b) suckers, enlarged; (c) spine and socket; (d) shell denuded; (e) Pedicellaria. 5. Nemertes Borlasii (See Plate 3); (a) head, enlarged; (b) head expanded swallowing a Terebella 201

9. 1. Cucumaria Hyndmanni. 2. Littorina Littorea. 3. Siphunculus Bernhardus in shell of Turritella, with living Balani 114

10. 1. Serpula Contortuplicata. 2. Hinnites Pusio. 3. Doris Repanda. 4. Eolis Pellucida. 5. Pholadidæa Papyracea. 6. Pholas Parva. 7. Fissurella Græca 129

11. 1. Syngnathus Lumbriciformis. 2. Saxicava Rugosa; (a) Shell of Saxicava Rugosa. 3. Nassa Reticulata 163

12. 1. Peachia Hastata. 2. Uraster Rubens 92