INDEX

Adams, Charles Francis, cited, 7

Adams, John Quincy, 100

Adirondacks, 32

Albany, N.Y., 6, 10, 15, 16

Alexander, Mt., 130

Alexandria, Va., 41, 86

Allegheny Front, 74, 78, 80, 82

Allegheny Portage Railway, 75, 76, 80

Allegheny river, 111

Allentown, Pa., 79

Altoona, Pa., 77;

description of, 81

Amsterdam, N.Y., 20

Ann, Fort, 32

Annapolis, Md., 88

Antietam, 132

Appalachians, southern, 174

“Arks” on the Susquehanna, 41

Arnold, Benedict, 37

Atkinson, Gov. W. G., 178

Atlanta, Ga., 174–180

Auburn, N.Y., 57

Bald Eagle valley, 80

Baltimore, Md., 53, 86, 101;

growth of, 107

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, 99, 101, 102, 110

Barges on the Ohio, 116, 118

Barton, Clara, cited, 82

Bay Road, Mass., 4

Bedford, Pa., 71, 77

Bemis Heights, 38

Bennington, Vt., 38

Berkshires, 5;

railway through, 9, 10

Bethlehem, Pa., 79

Binghamton, N.Y., 52

Birmingham, Ala., 181

Black Rock (Buffalo), 47

“Blackbeard,” 130

Blockhouse at Pittsburg, 112

Blount College, 170

Blue Grass country, 127, 151, 166

Blue mountain, 79

Blue Ridge mountains, 88, 130

Boone, Daniel, early life, 144;

training, 145;

portrait, 145;

moves to North Carolina, 146;

serves with Braddock, 146;

camps in Kentucky, 147;

visits Cumberland Gap, 148;

founds Boonesborough, 148;

buys lands of the Indians, 149;

marks out the Wilderness road, 149

Boonesborough, 148

Boston, Mass., 1, 2, 7, 12

Braddock, General, 69, 90, 91, 146

Braddock, Pa., 83

Brant, Joseph, 33

Bristol, Tenn., 134

British, in New York, 32;

in the Ohio country, 156

Brownsville, Pa., 93, 117

Buffalo, 52, 57, 60, 110;

growth of, 61

Burgoyne, General, 32, 37

Burnside, General, 168

Business, increase of, 114, 118

Cambria Steel Company, 83

Cameron hill, 173

Campbell, William and Arthur, 160

Canajoharie, N.Y., 24

Canals, 44;

Erie, 7, 46, 48, 50–52;

Pennsylvania, 74;

Chesapeake and Ohio, 98–101, 107;

Delaware and Hudson, 53;

at Louisville, Ky., 127

Carlisle, Pa., 71, 79, 132

Carroll, Charles, 101

Carry to Schenectady, the, 19, 22

Catch-me-if-you-can, 2

Catskill mountains, 15, 32

Chambersburg, Pa., 71, 132

Champlain, lake, 31, 37

Charlottesville, Va., 142

Chattahoochee river, 179

Chattanooga, Tenn., 135;

description of, 173–175

Cherokee Indians, 139, 149

Chesapeake bay, 86

Chesapeake and Ohio canal, 107;

building of, 98–101

Chicago, 110

Chickamauga, 174

Chissel, Fort, 135

Cincinnati, Ohio, description of, 123–127

Clark, George Rogers, raises an army, 156;

portrait, 157;

captures Kaskaskia and Vincennes, 158

Clay, Henry, stories of, 96, 114

Cleveland, Benjamin, 160

Clinch river, 134

Clinton, De Witt, 44, 49;

stirs up legislature, 40;

portrait, 43;

train, 53, 54

Coal, 104, 118, 122, 153, 170, 181

Cohoes, N.Y., 22

Coke ovens, 108

Columbia, The, 2

Columbia, Pa., 69, 74, 76

Columbus, Ohio, 94

Conemaugh river, 75, 82

Conestoga creek, 67

Conestoga Traction Company, 70

Conestoga wagons, 77

Connecticut river, 4

Construction, early railway, 105

Cooper, Peter, 106

Cornstalk, 155

Cornwallis, Lord, 158

Cotton, 178

Cumberland, Fort, 89, 90;

city of, 93, 95, 102

Cumberland Gap, 142, 148, 150, 152

Cumberland mountains, 134, 142

Cumberland river, 164, 174

Cumberland road, 93

Cunard, Samuel, 2

Cunard line, 2, 8

Dams, use of, 119

Danforth, Mr., and salt making, 27

Deerfield valley, 8

Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, 53

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, 60

De-o-wain-sta, 23

Detroit, 41, 156

Dickens, Charles, 126

Dinwiddie, Governor, 89

Doak, Rev. Samuel, 160

Dongan, Gov. Thomas, 40

Dunlap’s creek, 96

Dunmore, Lord, 155

Duquesne, Fort, 91

Dutch, in New York, 14, 18, 31

Earle, Mrs. Alice Morse, cited, 55

Easton, Pa., 79

Edward, Fort, 31

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, cited, 1

Empire State Express, 56

England, interest of, in fur trade, 18;

railways of, 55

Erie canal, 7, 42, 46, 48, 50–52

Erie, lake, 18, 42, 98

Erie Railroad, 60

Euphrates river, 130

Fairfax, Lord William, 88

Falls of the Ohio, 127, 146, 152

Farms in Pennsylvania, 66

“Feeders” of Erie canal, 52

Ferguson, Patrick, 159

Finley, John, 146, 148

Fishing interests, 104

Flag, perhaps the first American, 34

Flatboats, 117

Floyd, Gen. William, 22

Forbes’s road, 71

Forts:

Orange, 17;

Stanwix, 22, 23, 34, 37, 61, 149;

Schuyler, 23;

Johnson, 26;

Edward, 31;

Ann, 32;

Ticonderoga, 32, 37, 38;

Cumberland, 89, 90;

Duquesne, 91;

Chissel, 135;

Sanders, 168

Franklin, Benjamin, 4, 69, 130

“Franklin,” state of, 166

Frederick, Md., 93

French, in Ohio country, 89

French and Indian War, 69

French Broad river, 135, 159, 170

Frostburg, Md., 90, 93

Fur trade, 18, 24, 40

Furnaces near Pittsburg, 121

Gansevoort, Col. Peter, 34

Gas, natural, 120

“Gate City,” the, 174

Genesee road, 24, 25

Genesee street, Utica, 23

Geneva, 24, 25

George, Mt., 130

Georgetown, D.C., 100

Georgia Institute of Technology, 179

Germans in Pennsylvania, 66;

in Tennessee, 136

Ginseng, 24

Gist, Christopher, 89

Glass mills, 122

Gray, Captain, 2

Great Kanawha river, 155

Great Smoky mountains, 134, 170

Great Valley, the, 71, 130, 132, 134, 136, 139

Gulliver’s Travels, 150

Gypsum, 104

Hagerstown, Md., 25, 132, 165

Half Moon, the, 15

Halifax, 2

Hambright’s Hotel, 70

Hamburg-American line, 108

Hamilton, Col. Henry, 156

Hancock, Gov. John, 2

Hanks, Abraham, 149

Harlem, 14

Harpers Ferry, 107, 130, 132

Harriman, Tenn., 170

Harrisburg, Pa., 74, 85, 132;

description of, 78

Henry, Patrick, 156

Herkimer, Nicholas, 29, 33, 35, 36

Hessians, 33, 38

Hill, Gen. A. P., 142

Hit or Miss, the, 77

Hiwassee river, 135

Hollidaysburg, Pa., 74

Holston river, 134

Honesdale, Pa., 53

Hoosac mountain, 5, 8

Hoosac tunnel, 9–11

Hoosick river, 5

Housatonic river, 5

Howe, General, 32

Hudson, Henry, 15, 16

Hudson river, 15

Huguenots, 136

Hulbert, cited, 105

Illinois, 158

Indiana, 158

Indians, 144, 149, 163, 164;

in New York, 14, 17, 18, 33;

at Watauga, 138;

at Point Pleasant, 155

Indies, hope of reaching, 15

Iron works, 121, 129, 170, 180

Iroquois Indians, 18

Jackson, “Stonewall,” 133

James river, 133;

gap, 134

Jefferson, Thomas, 156

Johns Hopkins University, 108

Johnson, Fort, 26

Johnson, John, 36

Johnson, Sir William, 20

Johnstown, N.Y., 20

Johnstown, Pa., 75, 76, 82

Joppa, 92

Juniata river, 74

Kaskaskia, Ill., 116, 157

Kentucky, 127, 154, 164;

becomes a state, 165

Kings Mountain, 158, 160

Knights, Sarah, 4

Knox, Gen. Henry, 170

Knoxville, 134, 166, 170

Lake Shore Railroad, 110

Lancaster, Pa., 65, 72, 78

Lancaster pike, 65, 67, 70

Lee, Arthur, 113

Lee, Richard Henry, 98

Lee, Gen. Robert E., 132

Legislators allowed boat hire, 87

Lewis, Andrew, 155

Licking river, 124

Limestones, 104, 132, 151, 169

Lincoln, Abraham, 117, 149

Little Falls, N.Y., 22, 42

Little Tennessee river, 135

Liverpool, 110

Locks, 45

Logan, 155

London, 110

Long House, the, 18

Longstreet, General, 168

Lookout Mountain, 173

Losantiville, 124

Louisville, 117, 127

Lulbegrud creek, 151

Luray, 131, 132

Lyell, Sir Charles, cited, 126

McClellan, General, 132

Mail, first, received at Utica, 24

Mail bags, race of the, 109

Mail coaches, 94

Manhattan island, 14, 15

Marble, 104, 168, 171

Maryland, 86

Memphis, 172

Middlesboro, 153

Milestone on Braddock’s road, 90

Missionary Ridge, 173

Mobile, 174

Mohawk valley, 16–19, 31, 42, 59

Monongahela river, 93, 96, 111

Morris, Gouverneur, 42

Mount Vernon, 41, 86

Nash, Oliver, 163

Nashborough (Nashville), 163, 171, 173

National Road, the, 91, 93, 96, 123

New Amsterdam, 14

New Jersey, Scotch-Irish in, 66

New Netherlands, 14

New river (Great Kanawha), 134

New York Central Railway, 20, 30, 58, 60, 62

New York City, 2, 7, 14

New York state, 27;

well adapted for canal, 44

Newburg, N.Y., 60

Noah’s Ark, 49

Nolichucky river, 159

Norfolk and Western Railway, 133

North Adams, Mass., 5

North American Review, 102

North Carolina, 137, 146

North-German Lloyd line, 108

Ocmulgee river, 179

Ogden, Utah, 109

Ohio Company, 88

Ohio country, French in, 89

Ohio river, 76, 98, 111, 123, 127, 152

Oil City, 120

Omaha, 109

Oneida Indians, 17

Oneida Carrying Place, 22

Onondaga salt, 27, 113

Ontario, lake, 18, 22, 33

Oriskany, 29, 30, 35

Oswego, 32

Oswego river, 22

Otsego lake, 98

Oyster industry, 104

“Packers,” 72

Packets, 50

Parton, James, cited, 120

Penn, William, 66

Pennsylvania, settlement of, 66

Pennsylvania Railroad, 77–85

“Pennsylvania Dutch,” 66

Pennsylvania canal, 74

Phelps, Abner, 9

Philadelphia, 41, 63

Pike, Pittsburg, 72;

Frederick, 93

Pineville gap, 143, 147

Pittsburg, 64, 71, 75, 83, 107, 156;

description of, 111, 115, 120, 122;

pike, 72

Pittsfield, Mass., 5

Point Pleasant, 155

Portage Railway, Allegheny, 75, 76, 80

Post, John, 23, 24

Potomac Company, 99

Potomac river, 86, 106

Powell, Ambrose, 142

Powell’s river, 134, 142

Prairies in Kentucky, 152

Princeton College, 66

Providence, R.I., 4

Puncheon floors, 140

Queen City, the, 124

Queenstown, 110

Quincy, Mass., 53

Railways:

through the Berkshires, 9, 10;

from Albany to Schenectady, 9, 53;

early, 53, 56;

opposition to, 55;

growth of, 60, 109, 181;

West Shore, 59;

Erie, 60;

New York Central, 20, 30, 58, 60, 62;

Wabash, 102;

Baltimore and Ohio, 99, 101, 102, 110;

Southern Pacific, 109;

Union Pacific, 109;

Lake Shore, 110;

Norfolk and Western, 133;

Southern, 134, 170

Reading, Pa., 79

Red Star line, 108

Redstone, 117

Richardson, Judge John, 46

Rivers important in a country’s growth, 5–7, 16, 17, 24, 26, 31, 41, 122, 126, 133

Roads, in New England, 4, 6, 7;

stage, 64;

development of, 72;

indifference to, 87;

national interest in, 92;

Braddock’s, 90;

Cumberland, 93;

Frederick, 93;

National, 91, 93, 96;

Wilderness (Boone’s trail, Kentucky road, Virginia road, Caintuck Hog road), 127, 149

Roanoke, 134

Robertson, James, goes to Watauga, 137;

pacifies the Indians, 139;

helps protect the new settlement, 155;

founds Nashborough, 163;

trusted by the people, 164;

portrait, 164;

ability, 172

Rochester, N.Y., 25, 52

Rochester, Colonel, 26, 41, 61, 132

“Rolling roads,” 88

Rome, 22, 46, 61

Roosevelt, Theodore, cited, 137, 140, 160

Ross’s Landing, 174

Sails on cars, 105

St. Clair, General, 124

St. Leger, General, 33, 61

Salt, 27, 61, 113

Samp mortars, 21

San Francisco, 109

Saratoga, 38

Schenectady, 19, 42, 47, 61

“Schonowe,” 19

Schuyler, Fort (Utica), 23

Schuyler, Han Yost, 37

Schuylerville, 38

Scotch-Irish, 66, 136

Seneca river, 24

Seneca lake, 25

Settlement:

in New England, 4;

in New York, 14, 24;

in Pennsylvania, 66;

in the Ohio country, 117;

in Tennessee, 135, 170;

in Kentucky, 148

Sevier, John, goes to Watauga, 138;

fights on the frontier, 155;

plans to attack Ferguson, 160;

returns home, 162;

portrait, 162;

monument to, 165;

other honors, 166;

on the Tennessee river, 172

Shelby, Isaac, 155, 159, 165

Shelbyville, 165

Shenandoah valley, 88, 107, 130, 132

Sheridan, 133

Shippensburg, Pa., 71

Shreve, Captain, 117

Slate, 104

“Smoky City, The,” 120

South Mountain, Pa., 132

Southern Pacific Railway, 22

Southern Railway, 134, 170

Speed of early trains, 105

Spotswood, Alexander, 129

Springfield, Mass., 6, 10

Stanwix, Fort, 22, 23, 34, 37, 61, 149

Stark, General, 38

Staunton, Va., 135

Steamboats, 118

Stephenson, George, 53

Stillwater, 38

Susquehanna valley, 26, 41, 46, 104

Swift Run Gap, 130

Sycamore Shoals, 160

Sydney, Australia, 109

Syracuse, 27, 52, 57, 61

Tarleton, Colonel, 159

Teamsters of early days, 64, 69

Tennessee, 134, 154, 164, 172;

University of, 170

Tennessee river, 134, 142, 163, 167, 172, 174

Ticonderoga, 32, 37, 38

Tidewater country, 87, 130

Timber, 104, 180

Toll houses, 68, 87

Toll rates, 94

Tom Thumb, 106

Trails, old, 4, 6, 17, 19, 22, 25, 28, 72

Tramways in England, 54

Transylvania Company, 148

Travel, early, 5, 22, 56, 64, 91

Trow Plat, 23

Trunk line, 57

“Tubal Cain of Virginia,” 129

Tudor, Frederick, 4

Twentieth Century Limited, 56

Union Pacific Railroad, 109

University of Tennessee, 170

Utica, 21, 23, 37, 57, 61

Valley of east Tennessee, 135;

of Virginia, 132

Valley, the Great, 71, 130, 132, 134, 136, 139

Valleys as natural roads, 5–7, 16, 17, 22, 24, 26, 31, 41, 126, 133, 142, 152, 156

Van Curler, Arent, 17, 19, 57, 61

Vanderbilt, Cornelius, 58

Ventura, the, 109

Vincennes, Ind., 158

Virginia, 129, 154;

valley of, 132

Wabash Railway Company, 102

Wabash river, 158

Walker, Dr. Thomas, 142

Ward, Nancy, 139

Washington, D.C., 91, 93, 94

Washington, George, 41, 60, 86, 112, 133;

part taken by, in road making, 88–92, 98

Washington, Lawrence, 89

Watauga Settlement, 135–141, 144, 146, 159

Waterford, 47

West, the, 40, 60

Westfield valley, 6

West Shore Railway, 59

Wheeling, 94, 107, 122

White, Hugh, 21

Whitesboro, 21

Wilderness Road, 127, 149

Willett, Captain Marinus, 35

William and Mary College, 142

Wills creek, 89, 102

Wills mountain, 93

Winchester, Va., 132, 135

Windmills, Dutch, 15

Wood creek, 22, 42

Yadkin valley, North Carolina, 146