VOCABULARY
Reading edition
A
a to, at, in, into, within; from
abajo below; más—farther down; boca—face down; por el barranco—down the ravine
abalanzarse rush, throw oneself
abierto,-a (past part. of abrir) open, opened
ablandar(se) soften, relent
abrasado,-a burned, burning, scorched
abrasador,-a scorching, burning
abrazar(se) embrace, put one's arms around (something); abrazado (a) with his arms around
abrir open; —el apetito give an appetite; la puerta se abrió the door opened; al— on opening
el abuelito dim. grandpa dear, dear grandfather
el abuelo, la -a grandfather, grandmother
la abundancia abundance; con— abundantly, copiously
acá here; por—here, this way
acabar finish; —de (+ inf.) finish (+ pres. part.) or have just (+ past part.)
acariciar caress, stroke
acercarse (a or hacia) approach, draw near (to), come
acompañar accompany;
acompañando a in the company of
aconsejar counsel, advise, suggest
el acontecimiento event
acudir (a) come to help, go for help (to), resort to
¡adelante! come in! forward! go ahead!
el ademán attitude, expression
adentro within
la adivinanza divination; mind reading
adivinar divine, guess, understand
adónde where
adormecido,-a drowsy
afable affable
afirmativo,-a affirmative
aflictivo,-a troublesome, painful
afligir afflict; —se be afflicted or worried; no se aflija usted tanto do not take it to heart so deeply
afortunadamente fortunately
la agilidad nimbleness
agitado,-a agitated
agitar agitate, move, brandish, shake, wag; —se move, stir
agostador,-a burning, shriveling
agosto m. August
agradable agreeable, pleasant
agradecer be thankful (for)
agradecido,-a grateful el agradecimiento gratefulness, appreciation, gratitude
agradezco pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of agradecer
agresivo aggressive
el agua, f. water
agudo,-a acute, sharp
¡ah! ah! oh!
ahí there; por—there;—lo tienen ustedes behold him now, there he is
ahogar choke, smother; —se be choked or stifled; smother
ahora now, presently; —mismo just now
ahuyentar put to flight, drive away
el aire air; —libre open air, fresh air; por el—up in the air
al = a + el: —hablar on speaking
el álamo poplar, cotton-wood, aspen
la alarma alarm
el alboroto uproar, tumult
el alcalde mayor
el alcance: ponerse al—come within reach
la alegría merriment, joy; con, de—joyfully
el alfiler pin
la alfombra carpet, rug
la alforja saddlebag
la algazara shouting, uproar
algo something, somewhat; —malo something bad, some bad things
algún or alguno,-a some, any, some one, any one; —-a cosa something, anything
la alianza alliance, relationship, friendship
alimentar feed, nourish; —se take nourishment
el alimento food
el alma f. soul; de mi—beloved, darling; con toda el—deeply, sincerely
el almendro almond tree
la almilla jersey
altísimo,-a very high
alto,-a high, tall; loud; en lo más—on the highest part, on the top; en voz—-a in a loud voice
alumbrar light, give a light
alzar raise; —se arise, be visible
allá there; lo de más—still another; —va I am coming
allí there; por—(by) that way
el ama f. lady of the house, mistress;—de gobierno housekeeper
la amapola (red) poppy
amargamente bitterly
amarillento,—a yellowish; rojo—reddish yellow
ambos,—as both, the two
amenazador,—a menacing, threatening
amenazar (de) menace, threaten (with)
ameno,—a pleasing, delightful
la americana (sack) coat
amigo,—a friend
el amo,—a master, mistress, housekeeper; ¿cómo ama? what do you mean by housekeeper?
el amor (a) love (of)
amordazar gag
el anca, las—s haunch (es), hip(s), crupper
el anciano, la—a old or aged man, old or aged woman
ancho,-a wide
andar walk, go, go about, be; ¡anda! come! vamos andando let us be going; todo se andará we'll see to it, everything will be done in due time
andrajoso,-a ragged
angosto,-a narrow
angustioso,-a painful, distressing
el animal animal, brute; wretch
anonadar cast down, annihilate; stun
ansioso,-a (de) anxious, eager (to)
ante before, in the presence of;—todo, first of all
el antecedente antecedent, preliminary; de malos—s with a bad record
antes before, first; —de (+ inf.) before; —(de) que (+subj.) before; —de comer before eating
antiguo,-a old, antique; former
antojar(se) (used only in the third pers.): antojársele a uno take a fancy, seem good to any one; se les antoja they have a notion (to)
anunciar announce, predict
añadir add
el año year; tener...—sbe...years old; al—de a year after
apacible peaceful, quiet, pleasant
apagado,-a faint, low (voice)
apagar quench
aparecer appear
aparejar saddle, rig
la apariencia appearance
apartar push aside;—-se leave, turn away, go away
apenas hardly, scarcely; as soon as
apercibir perceive
el apetito appetite
aplastarse flatten; fueron a—en were flattened against
el apodo nickname
apoyado,-a leaning (on), resting (on)
apoyar(se) support, lean, rest (on); press; apóyate lean on me
aprender learn
la aproximación proximity, approach
apuntar make a note of; aim; apuntándole aiming at him; le tiene apuntado has his record
aquel, aquella adj. that; aquél, aquélla, aquello pron. that (one); todo aquello everything
aquí here; —tienes here is; por—here, this way
el arañazo scratch
el árbol tree
el arco arch
el arcón aug. large chest
ardiente ardent, burning
la arena sand
la argolla large ring
el arma f. weapon
armado,-a armed
el armero gun-rack
la árnica arnica
arrasar fill; los ojos arrasados en lágrimas one's eyes filled with tears
arrastrarse drag along; crawl, creep
arrodillar(se) kneel (down); arrodillado,-a kneeling
arrojar throw (at)
el asco nausea, fear; le dan—las escopetas he is afraid of guns
el ascua f. red-hot coal; —s de fuego burning coals asegurar assure; ya se puede—you may be quite sure
el aseo cleanliness
así so, thus, like that, such; —las cosas thus matters stood;—lo dice that is the way he expresses it
asomar appear, show, stick out; —se peep over, look in or out
asombrar astonish; asombrado de amazed at
el asunto business, affair, matter
atacar attack; atacado de attacked by
la atadura bond, cord
Atanasio Athanasius
atar tie, bind
la atención attention
aterrado,-a terrified
el átomo atom
atreverse (a) dare, make bold
aturdir confuse; no me aturdas los oídos do not make me deaf
el aullido howl
el aumento: ir en—increase
aun or aún even, yet, still
aunque although, even if
el auxilio aid, help; pl. assistance
avanzar advance
la avaricia avarice; con—greedily
la avenida freshet, flood
avergonzarse (ue) be ashamed; sin que su amo se avergonzara without his master's being ashamed
ayudar(a) help, assist (in); ayudado de assisted by
el ayuntamiento town or city council
azorado,-a terrified, trembling
B
¡bah! pshaw!
la bajada descent
bajar descend, come down (stairs); get off; lower
bajo,-a low; el piso—the ground floor; adv. in a low voice, in an undertone; prep. under, beneath
el barranco ravine; el—de ese puente the ravine under that bridge
bastar suffice, be enough; basta (ya) this is enough
el bastón cane
el bebedero watering trough
beber drink
bendito,-a (irr. past part. of bendecir) blessed
el bien good, welfare; hombre de—honest man
bien well; está—it is all right; ¡está—! very well! si—although
blanco,-a white; el—mark, target
blandir brandish
la boca mouth; —abajo face down
el bolsillo pocket
bondadoso,-a kind, kindly
el boquete narrow entrance, opening
bordear border
el bosquecillo dim. small grove, clump of trees
el brazo arm
brillante brilliant, shining
el brinco bound, jump; de un— with a bound
bruscamente brusquely, roughly
brutal brutal
brutalmente brutally
el bruto brute
buen(o),-a good; a buenas willingly
la busca: en su—in search of him (her)
buscar look for
C
el caballejo dim. nag
la caballería cavalry; mount (such as horse, mule, donkey, etc.)
el caballo horse; a—-on horseback
el cabello hair; pl. hair
la cabeza head
la cabra goat; camino de—s goat trail
Cachucha a nickname; cap
cada each
el cadáver lifeless body, corpse
la cadenilla dim. (small) chain
caer(se) fall; caído fallen, (tail) between his legs
caí,-íste,-yó, etc., pret. of caer
la caída fall; —de la tarde late in the afternoon
calcinar calcine, scorch
cálido,-a warm
caliente hot, warm, fresh (trail)
el calor heat; horas de—hot hours, hot part of the day
caluroso,-a hot
callar(se) be silent; ¡calla! ¡calle! hush! I say! gracious! listen!
la calle street
la cama bed; a la—to bed
cambiar change, exchange; —lo de sitio change its position
el cambio change; en—in exchange, on the other hand
caminar walk, go, travel, move along
la caminata walk
el camino road, way, path; ponerse en—leave, start
la campana bell; echando las—s al vuelo with a furious ringing of the bells
la campanada stroke (of the bell)
campestre rural, in the country
el campo country, fields
el canal canal
la canana cartridge belt
el canario canary bird
el candil (Spanish) lamp (with wick floating in oil)
la canícula dog days
canino,-a canine
cansado,-a tired
la caña reed, cane
el cañon barrel (of gun); escopeta de dos—es double-barreled gun
el capitán captain
el capítulo chapter
la cara face; ponerse a la—aim
la carabina rifle
la carcajada (loud) laugh, laughter; soltar la (or una)—burst out laughing
la caricia caress
la caridad charity
caritativo,-a charitable
la carrera career, course (of study); —de ingeniero course in engineering; a la—, en una—in a hurry, on the run
la carretera highway, "pike"
el carrizal patch of reeds
el carrizo sedge, reed
la carta letter
el cartucho cartridge
la casa house; a—home; en—at home, in the house;
cerca de—near home; —de pueblo town house
el cascabel small bell
Cascabel nickname
casi almost
el caso case; hacer—(de) pay attention (to), heed
la categoría category, rank, class
el cauce bed of a stream, stream
causar cause
cavar dig
cayendo pres. part. of caer
cayó pret. 3d pers. sing., of caer
el cazador hunter
cenar sup, take supper
centellear sparkle, glisten
la centinela sentinel; ponerse de— be posted or serve as sentinel
el centro center, middle
ceñir (i) encircle, gird on, fit closely; ceñido al cuerpo tightly fitting
cerca (de) near; —de ella by her side
cerrar (ie) close, shut, bar; —le el paso block his way
cesar cease
cetrino: de color— lemon-colored
ciego,-a blind
el cielo sky, heaven
cien(to) (one, a) hundred
cinco five
el cinto belt
la cintura waist
el cinturón belt
ciñendo pres. part. of ceñir
la claridad clearness, brightness, light; con toda— plainly, clearly
clarísimo,-a very clear, bright
claro,-a clear, bright; ¡—!of course!
el cobertizo shed
cobrizo,-a copper-colored
codiciar covet, long for
coger, catch, pick up, take (out), take hold of, seize
la cola tail
el colegio academy, private high school
colgante hanging (down), hanging out
el colmillo fang, tusk
colocar place, put
el color color
el collar collar (for a dog)
comenzar (ie) commence, begin
comer eat, dine
comestible eatable; los—s eatables
como as, as if, provided, how, like; —que as, since; ¿cómo? (¡cómo!) how? (!) why? (!) what?
compadecido,-a moved to pity
el compañero companion, colleague
completo,-a complete, perfect; por— completely
el or la cómplice accomplice
componer compose; repair; sólo se componía de piso bajo consisted of only one floor
comprender understand; ya comprendes of course you understand
con with
conceder concede, grant
conduciendo: see conducir
conducir lead, conduct, take
confiar (en) confide, trust (to, in), intrust
la conmoción commotion; poner en—arouse, throw in commotion
conmover (ue) move, stir, touch; —se be touched, moved
conocer know; se ha conocido has been known; haber conocido a usted have made your acquaintance
el conocimiento knowledge, attainment; consciousness
conseguir (i) attain, succeed (in); consiguieron...que don Salvador tomara got Don Salvador to take
consiguió,-ieron pret., 3d pers. sing. and pl., of conseguir
constar be clear, evident; appear; pero conste but I beg you to believe
consultar (con) consult; —le consult with him upon
el contacto contact
contar (ue) count, tell;—con count on
la contemplación contemplation, examination
contener restrain, hold
contestar answer
continuar continue; continuó su camino he continued on his way
contra against, toward
convenir suit, be fitting; conviene it is best
la conversación conversation
copudo,-a leafy, with dense foliage; domed
el corazón heart; de todo—most heartily
la corbata cravat, necktie
Corbel prop. noun
corpulento,-a corpulent, large
el corral yard
correr run, flow; —por la frente run down his face
la cosa thing; es—is something
la costa coast
creer believe, think
el crepúsculo dusk, twilight
creyendo pres. part. of creer
el criado, la -a servant
el criminal criminal
cruzar cross
la cuadra stable
el cuadrillero patrolman
el cuadro picture; —(de tierra) plot or bed (in a garden)
cual which, what; like, as; el(la, lo)—who, whom, which
¿cuál? which?
cualquier(a) any, any one; a—parte anywhere
cuando when; de—en—, de vez en—now and then
¿cuándo? when?
cuanto,-a (interr. and exclam. cuánto) how much; pl. how many, all that
cuarenta forty;—y ocho forty-eight
cuatro four; a few;—días después a few days later
cubierto irr. past part. of cubrir
cubrir cover
el cuchillo knife; —de monte hunting knife
el cuello neck
la cuenta account; darse—(de) realize
el cuerpo body
la cuesta hill, slope
la cuestión question, matter
la cueva cave, cellar; por la— from the cellar
el cuidado care, worry; ¡—! be careful! look out! tener— be careful; no
tenga usted—don't worry
la culata butt (of a gun)
la cumbre summit, top
cumplir comply (with), carry out, complete; —a pie de la letra comply with word for word
la cuneta ditch, drain
el cura (parish) priest; el señor—his Reverence
curar cure, heal
cuyo,-a whose, of whom, of which, which
Ch
el chaleco waistcoat, vest
los chaparrales thicket, brush
el charco pool
chorrear drip
D
el dañador evil-doer, villain
daño harm, injury; hacer—(a) hurt, harm, do harm
dar give, strike (the hour); —en hit; —a luz give birth
de of, from, by, with, in, than; del (= de + el) que (—la que) of whom, of which; el carrizal—la izquierda the patch of reeds on the left
debajo below, underneath; —de under, below, beneath
deber owe; must, ought, should; —de must; debe verse should be visible; debe haber there must be; debiera (+ inf.) ought to
débil weak
la debilidad weakness, faintness
decidir decide; —se (a) decide
decir say, tell, speak; es—that is to say, I mean; di tell them
decretar decree
el dedo finger; —pulgar thumb
deducir deduce
deduje,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of deducir
defender (ie) de defend (against)
el defensor defender
definir define
dejar let, leave, cease; —de, —se de cease, stop, fail;
no—de be sure to; déjale leave him alone
del = de + el
delante before, first, ahead, in front; —de before, in front of; tenía—she had before her
la delantera front; en la—in front
delgado,-a slim, thin
la delicadeza delicacy; con tal—so carefully
delicado,-a delicate
la demostración demonstration
demostrar (ue) show, prove
la dentadura (set of) teeth
dentro (de) within; —de un rato in a little while
deparar give, grant, bestow (upon)
derecho,-a right; —a, a la—a, por la—a to the right (hand)
derribar knock down, throw to the ground
la derrota rout, defeat of an army
desabrochar unbutton
desagradecido,-a thankless, ungrateful, ingrate
desaparecer disappear
desarrollado,-a developed; poco—not greatly developed
desarrollar develop
desbordar(se) overflow its bank
descansar (se)rest
descender (ie) descend
descerrajar break the lock (of), smash in
descolgar (ue) take down (from the hook)
descompuesto,-a changed, disturbed, distorted
desconocido,-a unknown, strange; not recognizable
descorrer draw (a curtain)
desde since, from; —hoy from now on; —que since, after
la desdicha misfortune, trouble
desear wish, desire
desenvainar unsheathe
la desesperación desperation, despair
desfallecido,-a faint
la desgracia misfortune
desgraciado,-a unfortunate; —del perro unlucky is the dog
desierto,-a deserted
deslumbrar dazzle
desmayado,-a in a faint
desmayarse faint
despachar dispatch, finish; get through; hasten
despertar (ie) awake, arouse; al—on awaking
después later, afterwards, then; —de after
desvencijado,-a rickety
detalladamente in detail, minutely
detener(se) stop, detain
detengan pres. subj. of detener
detrás behind; por—behind
detuve,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of detener
devolver (ue) return, give back
devorar devour
di, diste, dió, etc., pret. of dar
di imper., 2d pers. sing., of decir
el día day; de—en—from day to day
el diablo devil
el diálogo dialogue
dice pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of decir
diciendo pres. part. of decir
la dicha happiness, good fortune
dicho irr. past. part. of decir
el diente tooth
diera,-n imp. subj. of dar
dieron pret., 3d pers. pl., of dar
diez ten; las—ten o'clock
digo pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of decir
dije, dijiste, dijo, etc., pret. of decir
dile tell him
el dinero money
el dintel threshold
Dios God; por—for Heaven's sake; ¡—mío! dear me!
diré,-ás, etc., fut. ind. of decir
la dirección direction; en—a in the direction of, towards
dirigirse (a) direct one's steps (toward), turn (to)
disgustar displease; me disgusta I don't like (it)
disparar shoot (off), fire (off)
disponer dispose, order; —se arrange, prepare
la disposición disposition, order, mood, disposal; a—at the disposal
dispuesto past part. of disponer; adj. disposed, ready
dispuse,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of disponer
la distancia distance; a corta—at a short distance; de—away
distinguir distinguish; parecía—se there seemed to stand out
dividir divide; voy a—le por la mitad I am going to cut him in two
doce twelve; a las—at twelve o'clock
el dolor pain, grief
dolorosamente painfully, dismally
doloroso,-a sad, painful, dismal
don Don (a title of respect used before Christian names only)
el don gift
donde (interr. dónde) where, (in) which; a—where; en—in or on which; por—through which; ¿—? ¿a—? where?
dormir (ue) sleep
dos two
la duda doubt; sin—doubtless
dudar doubt, hesitate; —de doubt
dudoso,-a doubtful, uncertain
dulce sweet, soft, gentle
durante during, for
durar last
durmiendo pres. part. of dormir
duro,-a hard
el duro 5 peseta piece (=normally one U.S. dollar or 4 British shillings)
E
e and (before initial i or hi)
echar throw; begin; —de menos miss; —la campana al vuelo ring the bell furiously; —se throw one self down, lie down
la edad age; tiene mucha—is advanced in age
educar educate, bring up, develop
efectivamente really, in fact
ejecutar execute, carry out; —se be executed
el ejemplar copy
ejercer perform, exercise
el ejercicio exercise
el ejército army
el, la, lo, los, las the; el (la, etc.,) de that of, the one of; el (la, etc.) que he (she, etc.) who, the one who; al (=a + el) que to the one who or whom; al (+ inf.) on, in (+ pres. part.); lo que that which
él, ella, ello he, it; she, it; it; le, la, lo him, it, you; her, it, you; him, it, you; le to him, her, it, you; ellos, ellas they; los, las them, you; les to them, you; (after a preposition) él him, it; ella her, it; ello it; ellos, ellas, them
elevado,-a high
elevar elévate, raise
ella, ellos, ellas, ello: see él
embargo: sin—nevertheless
la emboscada ambuscade, ambush
empapado,-a drenched, soaked
emplear employ
empolvado,-a dusty, covered with dust
emprender undertake, begin; —a galope start on a gallop
empujar push, push open, shove
en in, on, into, at, to, within
encaminarse start on one's way; debe—a should be directed toward
encapotarse cloud over
encendido,-a burning, hot, red (with heat), flushed
encerrar (ie) inclose; se encierra is contained, inclosed
la enciclopedia encyclopedia
encima (de) on, upon; on top (of); de—de from; por—de above, over
la encina oak (the so-called evergreen oak)
enclavado,-a nailed, rooted
encomendarse (ie) commend oneself
encontrar (ue) meet, find; —se be, feel
encubierto irr. past part. of encubrir
encubrir (de) cover (with)
el encuentro meeting
el enemigo, la —a enemy; soy—de I dislike to
la enfermedad illness, disease
enjuto,-a dry
enmarañar tangle, dishevel
enorme enormous
enrojecido,-a reddened
ensanchar broaden
ensayar(se) rehearse; como si se hubieran ensayado as if they had rehearsed it
enseñar teach, show; —se be taught
entender (ie) understand; —se understand each other, have an understanding, come to an agreement
enterar(se) (de) inform, acquaint (oneself) (with), find out
la entonación tone, accent
entonces then
entornado,-a closed but not fastened, slightly ajar
la entrada entrance
entrar (en) enter; bring, take; —se (en) enter, go (into)
entre between, among, in
el entrecejo space between the eyebrows
entregado,-a given over, given up;—a engaged in, busied with
entregar deliver, hand (over)
envainar sheathe
la época epoch, time
era imp. ind. of ser
eres pres. ind., 2d pers. sing., of ser
erguido,-a erect
erizado,-a bristling, standing on end
es: see ser
escaparse escape
escarbar scratch, dig
esconderse hide; fué a—went to hide, hid
la escopeta gun; —de dos cañones double-barreled gun; se puso la—a la cara (he put the gun to his cheek =) he aimed
escuchar listen (to)
ese,-a,-os,-as adj. that, those; ése,-a,-os,-as, eso pron. that (one), those; eso es that's it; eso de all this about
el esfuerzo effort
la esgrima fencing
espacioso,-a spacious
la espalda back; de—s backwards; estar de—s have one's back turned; a la—behind one's back
espantar terrify
el espanto terror
espantoso,-a frightful, terrible
el espejo looking-glass
esperar hope, wait for, expect, await; meet
el espesar thicket
espeso,-a heavy, thick, dense
esquivar:—el cuerpo dodge
la estampa stamp; appearance
estar be este,-a,-os,-as adj. this, these; éste,-a,-os, -as, esto pron. this (one), these, those; the latter
la estima esteem; tener en gran—esteem highly
estornudar sneeze
estoy, estás, etc., pres. ind. of estar
estrechar press; le iba estrechando was closing in upon him
estrellarse break, dash (sobre against)
el estremecimiento trembling, shudder
estrepitoso,-a noisy, loud
el estropajo brush
eterno,-a eternal, ceaseless
exclamar exclaim, shout
la exhalación exhalation, flash
exhalar exhale, breathe; utter, give vent to; —se be given off
el expedicionario member of an expedition
la explicación explanation
extender (ie) extend, hold out; —se spread
el exterminio extermination
extrañar wonder (at); seem strange, surprise
extremado,-a excessive, great
el extremo end, extreme
F
fácil easy
la facha appearance
la falta lack, wrong, fault; hacer—-(a) be needed (by); que buena—le hace because it needs it very much
faltar lack, be lacking, fail; le faltan las fuerzas he lacks strength
la familia family
famoso,-a famous
la fatiga fatigue
fatigado,-a fatigued, worn out
fatigar tire, overwork
fatigoso,-a fatiguing; de un modo—with great difficulty
la fe faith
feliz happy
femenino,-a feminine
feo,-a ugly, homely
fiarse (de) trust
la fiera wild beast
fijamente fixedly
fijar fix
el fin end; al—, en—, por—finally, after all, in short; well (impatiently)
la fineza favor, kindness; procuraré... I shall try to give you a choice morsel
firme firm; ¡—! steady!
firmemente firmly
físico,-a physical
flaco,-a thin, lean
flaquear give way (as one's legs); grow weak orthin
el fondo bottom, depth
el forastero stranger; adj. strange
formar form, make
formular formulate, give (a groan or whine, etc.)
la fortuna fortune, good fortune; por—fortunately
Fortuna prop. noun
el fósforo (phosphorus) match (which is poisonous)
la frase phrase, saying
el fray =fraile friar, brother; —Luís de León a great Spanish poet, 1528-1591
frecuente frequent
la frente brow, forehead; con la—alta with his head high; m. front; de—in front
el fresno ash (tree)
fruncir:—el entrecejo frown, knit one's brows
fué: see fuí
el fuego fire; hacer—(a) fire (at), shoot
la fuente spring, fountain; platter
fuera imp. subj. of ser and ir
fuerte strong, vigorous, loud
la fuerza force, strength, power; —s strength; con—with all (one's) might; por—of course; a—de by dint of; con más—louder; con gran—hard
fuí, fuiste, fué, etc., pret. of ir and ser; fueron saliendo came out of
la función function, duty
funesto,-a sad, fatal
la furia fury, rage; con—furiously
furioso,-a furious; se abalanzó—threw himself furiously
G
el galope gallop
la gana or las —s desire; de buena—gladly, willingly; se les pasaban grandes—de saber were very anxious to know; tener—de wish
la garganta throat
el garrote heavy, stick, club
gatas: a—on all fours
el gemido groan, whine
gemir (i) groan, moan, whine
general general
generalmente generally, usually
la gente people
la gimnasia gymnastics; hacer la—practise athletics; ejercicios de la—gymnastic exercises
el gimnasio gymnasium
girar revolve, whirl
el gobierno: see ama
la golondrina swallow
Golondrina nickname
la golosina tidbit, choice morsel
el golpe blow, knock, beating; de—with a bang
golpear beat, strike
la gota drop; —a—drop by drop
el gozo joy
gracias I thank you, thanks; —a Dios Heaven be thanked, thank God
gran: see grande
gran(de) large, great; —s ruegos earnest supplications
la gratitud gratitude
grave grave, serious; ill
la Grecia Greece
gritar shout; le gritó shouted at him
el grito shouting, scream, cry, shriek; dar—s shout; a voz en—at the top of his voice
el gruñido growl; lanzando un—growling
gruñir growl; —sordamente give a low growl
el grupo group
el guarda guard, keeper
la guardesa keeper, keeper's wife
el or la guardia guard; la—civil (rural) police; el—civil (rural) policeman
la guerra war
H
ha pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of haber
haber have; be there, there...be, be; hay (había) there is (was), there are (were); ¿qué hay? what is the matter? well? —de be to; ¿qué ha de tener? what can (he) have? hay que we must; no hay que there is no need of; no habrá tenido nunca has never had
la habilidad ability, accomplishment
la habitación room, dwelling
hablar speak, talk
habré,-ás,-á, etc., fut. ind. of haber
habría,-ías, etc., cond. of haber; habría sido perro.... he must have been a dog....
hacer make, do; —fuego fire; hace dos años two years ago; hace más de veinticuatro horas que for more than twenty-four hours; ¿qué hacemos (de)? what are we to do (with)?
hacia towards
haga pres. subj. of hacer
hallar find; —se be, find oneself
el hambre f. hunger
el harapo rag
haré,-ás,-á, etc., fut. ind. of hacer
haría,-ías, etc., cond. of hacer
hasta until, as far as, even; —que until
hay: see haber
haya pres. subj. of haber
haz imper., 2d pers. sing., of hacer
la hazaña achievement, deed; vaya una—well! this is a brave deed
he, has, ha, etc., pres. ind. of haber
hecho irr. past part. of hacer
hemos pres. ind., 1st pers. pl., of haber
la herida wound
herir (ie) strike, wound; —se los unos a los otros hit one another
hermoso,-a fine, beautiful
hice, hiciste, hizo, etc., pret. of hacer
el hierro iron; de—iron
higiénico,-a hygienic, wholesome
el hijo, la —-a son, daughter; —mío my son
hizo pret., 3d pers. sing., of hacer
el hocico mouth (of an animal), muzzle
la hoja leaf
el hombre man
la hora hour; a estas—s now
la horda horde
horizontalmente horizontally
la horquilla pitchfork
el horror horror
hospitalario,-a hospitable; tan poco—not at all hospitable
hostil hostile
hoy to-day
la hoz sickle, scythe
hubiera,-as, etc., imp. subj. of haber
la huella trace, track
el hueso bone; hasta los—s to the skin
el huésped, la—a guest
huir flee, run away
humedecer moisten
húmedo,-a damp, humid
el humor humor
huya,-as, etc., pres. subj. of huir
I
iba,-as, etc., imp. ind. of ir
ido past. part. of ir
la iglesia church
igual equal, the same; indifferent; el arma es—the weapon does not matter; por—equally
el ijar flank, side
iluminar light up
ilustrado,-a illustrious
imitar imitate
la impaciencia impatience
impacientarse grow impatient
impaciente impatient; ya me tienes—you make me impatient, hold me in suspense
imperceptible imperceptible
importar be important; ¿qué importa? what does it matter?
importuno,-a importunate, unwelcome
imposible impossible
impulsar impel, drive
inclinarse stoop, bend down, bow
inconsolable inconsolable
incorporarse sit up (on a couch or in bed, etc.)
increíble incredible
indeciso,-a undecided
indicar indicate
indignado,-a indignant (ante at)
indudablemente doubtless
el indulto pardon, indulgence, leniency
infame infamous, wretched, vile; el or la infame, infamous person, wretch
el ingeniero engineer; carrera de—course in engineering
inhospitalario,-a inhospitable
inmediato,-a near, next, neighboring
inmensamente immensely; abrió—los ojos opened his eyes wide
inmenso,-a immense, great
la inscripción inscription
el instante instant, moment; al—instantly; por—s steadily, from moment to moment
el instinto instinct
instructivo,-a instructive
insufrible unbearable
lainteligencia mind, intelligence
inteligente intelligent
la intención intention
el interés interest
interesante interesting
el interior: allá en su—to himself, herself, themselves
interminable endless
internarse plunge, enter, penetrate
interno,-a inner, internal
interrumpir interrupt; no interrumpido,-a uninterrupted
intimidar intimidate
íntimo,-a intimate
introducir introduce, put into
introduje,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of introducir
inútil useless, in vain
invadir invade
ir go, walk, be; —a pie walk; va allá I am coming; vámonos, vamos (andando) let us go; ¡vamos! come! vamos a ver let us see, tell me; iban vestidos were dressed; —se go (away); ¡vaya! (pres. subj. of ir) go! come! well! indeed! good for...! ¡vaya una... that's a fine...! que vaya let (him) go
izquierdo,-a left; a—a, a la—a, por la—a on or to the left (hand)
J
el jabón soap
la jaca pony
jamás ever; no...—never
el jardín garden
el jardinero gardener
el jefe chief, leader
el jirón rag, tatter, shred
Job prop. noun; el libro de—the Book of Job (in the Old Testament)
la jofaina basin
joven young
Juanita (dim. of Juana) Jennie
Juanito (dim. of Juan) Johnnie
jugar (ue) play
julio July
juntar join, bring together, clasp
junto,-a near (to), close (to)
jurar swear
justo,-a just, right; precisely; el—o just man
L
la, las: see él and el
la ladera slope; a media—halfway up (or down) the slope
el lado side; al—de beside, with; por ese—in that direction
ladrar bark
el ladrido bark, barking
la lágrima tear
la lamentación lamentation
el lamento lamentation, wailing
lamer lick
lanzar hurl, give (forth), utter; —se a la carrera rush
largo,-a long
la lástima pity; ¡qué—! what a pity! es—it's too bad, it's a pity
latir beat, throb
lavar wash
le: see él
leal loyal
el lector reader
la lectura reading
el lecho couch, bed
leer read
leído past part. of leer
lejano,-a in the distance
lejos far, far away, distant; a lo—in the distance; desde—from a distance
la lengua tongue
el lenguaje language
la letra letter (of the alphabet); al pie de la—literally, exactly
levantar raise, lift; —se rise, arise
leve slight, light, not serious
librar free, save, deliver; —se free oneself
el libro book
el lienzo linen, duck
la ligereza swiftness; con—quickly, nimbly
ligerísimo,-a very light
ligero,-a light, slight, thin
limpiar clean, wipe (off); —el polvo a dust
la línea line
la linterna lantern
lo, los: see él and el
el lobo wolf
loco,-a mad; volver—drive mad; le había vuelto—had driven him mad
el lodo mud
lograr succeed (in), obtain
el lomo back (of a quadruped)
la lona canvas
luego then, soon, immediately
la luna moon
la luz light
Ll
llamar call, send for; —se be called; ¿cómo se llamará? what can his name be?
llegar arrive, reach; —a arrive at, come to, go so far as to
lleno,-a full; —de filled with
llevar take, bring, carry; cause; have (hours of walking, etc.)
llorar weep
llover (ue) rain
la lluvia rain
M
Macario prop. noun
la madera wood; de—wooden
la madre mother
mal adj.: see malo
mal adv. badly
maldito,-a ( irr. past part. of maldecir) cursed
el malhechor, la —a evil-doer, criminal
mal(o),—a evil, bad; sick, ill; a malas unwillingly
mandar send, order; ¿qué manda usted? what do you command or wish?
la manifestación manifestation
la mano hand; forefoot (of a dog); a—at hand
el manto mantle, cloak
la mañana morning; por la—in the morning
el mar sea
la marcha trip, journey, march, walking, course; ¡en—! be off! march on!
el marido husband
más more, any more; most
matar kill
mayor greater, greatest
el mayordomo steward
me me, to me; myself
la mecedora rocking-chair, rocker
el médico physician, doctor
medio,-a half
el medio middle; way, means; en—in the middle
el mediodía midday
medroso,-a timid, filled with fear
mejor better, best
la membrana membrane
el mendigo, la —a beggar
menor less, least; slighter, slightest
menos minus, less; without, except; al—, por lo— at least; nada—que none other than; echar de—miss; poco—que almost
el mes month; a los...meses de... months after
la meseta table-land
meter put, place; estarse metido en casa be shut up in the house; —se por slip through
el método method
el metro meter (3 feet and 3-3/8 inches)
mi pron. me; mi(s) adj. my
el miedo fear; tener—(a) be afraid (of); a lo que tengo—what I fear; dar—frighten
mientras (que) while, as long as; —tanto in the meanwhile
mil (one) thousand; —gracias many thanks
el minuto minute
mío,-a (el, la) mine, my
la mirada look; eyes
mirar look (at); mira look here; se miraba was looked upon; —-se look at each other
miserable miserable, wretched; noun wretch
la miseria misery, wretchedness, suffering
misericordioso,-a merciful
mismo,-a same, self; lo—the same thing, alike; lo—(que) the same (as), just like
la mitad half; por la—in two
la mocedad youth; pl. days of one's youth
el modo way, manner; de todos—s at all events; de un—in a way; de un—violento violently
la molestia trouble
el momento moment; ¡al—! in a moment! immediately; en estos—s at this time
la montaña mountain
montar (en) mount, ride
el monte wooded hill(s), woods; cuchillo de—hunting knife
la moral morality, morals
la mordaza gag; ponerle una—put a gag in his (her) mouth, gag
morir(ue) die; —se be dying; ¿si se habrá muerto? can he be dead?
mover (ue) move, wag; —se move, move about, stir
el movimiento movement, motion
el muchacho, la —a boy, girl
la muchedumbre multitude, crowd
mucho,-a much, a great deal (of); —s many; adv. much, very much, very
el mueble piece of furniture; pl. furniture
la mueca grimace; hacer—s make faces
la muerte death; dar la—kill
muerto irr. past part of morir
el muerto, la —a dead man, dead woman; adj. dead
la mujer woman, wife, my dear (as a vocative)
el mundo world; en el—in this world; todo el—everybody
murmurar murmur, grumble
el músculo muscle
la música music
muy very
N
el nacimiento birth
nada nothing; not at all, by no means; no...—not...anything, not...at all; no sabía—I did not know (anything)
nadie no one, nobody; (after a neg.) any one
la naturaleza nature
negro,-a black
nervioso,-a nervous, vigorous
ni neither, nor, not even; —siquiera not even
el nieto, la —a grandson, granddaughter
la nieve snow
ningún or ninguno,-a none, not any, no; —más not another one
el niño, la —a (little) boy, girl, child
no no, not
noble noble
nocturno,-a nightly; servicio—de carretera night duty on the public road
la noche night, evening; esta—to-night; era de—it was night
la nodriza nurse
el nombre name
nos us, ourselves, each other
nosotros,—as we; us
la noticia notice, news
la nube cloud
nuestro,-a, our
nuevo,-a, new; de—again, once more
nunca never, ever
O
o or; o...o either...or
obedecer obey
el objeto object, purpose
obscurecer darken, grow dark
observar observe, watch
el ocaso setting (of the sun), west
ocultar hide, conceal
ocupado,-a, busy
ocupar occupy; que nos ocupa = que ocupa nuestra atención
ocurrir(se) occur, happen; lo ocurrido what has (had) happened; se le ocurre a alguno it occurs to some one
ocho eight
oficiar report officially, give official notice
el oficio business, trade, duty
ofrecer offer
oído past part. of oír
el oído ear, hearing
oigo, oyes, etc., pres. ind. of oír
oír hear, listen; —se be heard; se oye, óyese is heard; ¡oye! ¡oiga usted! listen!
el ojo eye; ¡—! look out! attention!
la ola wave
el óleo oil; al—in oil
olfatear smell, scent
el olfato sense of smell
oponer oppose; —se (a) oppose, be opposed (to)
opuse,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of oponer
la oreja ear
el órgano organ
el origen origin
la orilla bank (of a stream), shore
os you, to you
otro,-a other, another, different; otros cuatro four more
oye pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of oír; óyese = se oye
oyó, oyeron pret., 3d pers., of oír
P
el pabellón, pavilion, summer-house
la paciencia patience
pacífico,-a peaceful, peaceable, quiet
el padre father
pagar pay; me las pagará he will pay me for it
la palabra word, speech, words
pálido,-a pale
la palmada slap (with the open hand)
el palo stick
el pan bread
el pantalón trousers
la pantera panther
el pañuelo handkerchief
el papel paper; part (in a performance)
el par pair; de—en—wide open
para for; to; (+ inf.) in order to; —que in order that
parafrasear paraphrase
parecer seem, appear
el parecer opinion; al— apparently
la pared wall
la pareja pair, couple
la parte part; side; en cualquier—anywhere
pasar pass, come in, happen, pass away; spend (as time), go through, suffer; ¿qué te pasa? what is the matter with you?
pasearse stroll, take a walk
el paseo promenade, walk; dar un—take a walk; —campestre walk across country
el paso step, pace, passage, outlet; way; al—, de— on the way; dar—(a) lead (to), open (on)
la pata paw, foot (and lower leg of an animal); —trasera hind foot or leg
patético,-a pathetic
la pausa pause; con— slowly
peculiar peculiar
el pecho chest, breast, bosom
el pedazo piece; —s de brutos you brutes
pedir (i) ask for, pray, beg; —a ask of; pídeselo ask it of him
pedregoso,-a stony
el peligro danger
el pelo hair
la pena trouble, sorrow
penetrar penetrate; al—aquella turba en el jardín when that crowd entered the garden
el pensamiento thought
peor worse, worst; all the worse
pequeño,-a little, small
perder lose; no se ha perdido todo not all is lost; trabajo perdido all in vain
los perdigones small shot
perdonar pardon, forgive
perfectamente perfectly
perfecto,-a perfect
permanecer remain
permitir permit
pero but
el perro dog
el perseguidor pursuer
perseguir (i) persecute, pursue
la persiana Venetian blind
persiguiendo pres. part, of perseguir
la persona person
pertenecer belong
pertenezco pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of pertenecer
pesadamente heavily, with difficulty
pesado,-a heavy
el peso weight
el pico beak, bill
pida,-as,-a, etc., pres. subj. of pedir
el pie foot, leg (of chair, table, etc.); a—on foot; ir a—walk; al—de la letra literally, exactly; —a tierra dismount
la piedra stone
la piel skin
la pierna leg
la pila trough; —de piedra stone trough or basin
el piso floor, story (of a house); —principal main floor (usually the second floor); —bajo ground floor
plano: de—with full force, straight down
la planta plant
plantar plant
la plaza public square
el plazo term, time (set for anything), time limit
pobre poor
pobrecito,-a dim.¡—o!poor boy! poor thing! la—a poor little girl
pobremente poorly
poco,-a little; pl. few; a—in a little while; —a—little by little, slowly; —menos que almost
poder (ue) can, may, be able; puede que (+subj.) perhaps, it may be that; como pudo as best he (she) could
podré,-ás, etc., fut. ind. poder
la polea pulley, tackle block; —s chest weights (in a gymnasium)
Polonia prop. noun
el polvo dust
pon imper., 2d pers. sing., of poner
pondré,-ás, etc., fut. ind. of poner
poner put, put on, place, set, give; —se a la cara aim; —se put on, become, get; —en pie stand up, be on one's feet; de un brinco se puso en pie jumped to his feet
por by, through, along, on, for, for the sake of, on account of, over, in, in order to, to; —si in case; —aquí here, this way; —grave que sea however serious it may be
el poro pore
porque because; ¿por qué? why?
poseer possess
el postigo postern, small (back) gate
la postura posture, position
el poyo:—de piedra stone bench
el pozo well
la precaución precaution; tener—be cautious
precioso,-a precious, fine, delightful
precipitadamente precipitously, hastily; entró—rushed into; salir—rush out
precipitado,-a hasty, rapid; —a respiración panting
precipitarse hasten, rush
precisamente precisely, exactly, just
preciso,-a necessary
preferente preferred, select
preguntar ask (a question)
preocupado,-a (en) preoccupied (with), thinking only (of)
preparar prepare, get ready
la presa catch, prey; hacer—en seize, take hold of
la presencia presence
presentar present, hand, give, show; —se appear
presente present
presentir (ie) have a foreboding of
el presidio prison, penitentiary
presintiendo pres. part. of presentir
prestar lend, give
prevenido,-a ready
primer(o),-a first; lo—o the first thing; —o adv. at first
el principio principle
la prisa hurry; de—quickly
probar(ue) try, prove
procurar try (to)
producir produce
profundo,-a profound, deep
el prójimo neighbor, fellow-man
prolongado,-a prolonged, long
prometer promise
pronto prompt, soon, quick(-ly); al—at first; de—suddenly; por de—meanwhile
pronunciar pronounce, utter
propio,-a own; —de peculiar to
proponer propose; —se propose, determine
el propósito purpose; a—suitable
propuesto past part. of proponer
proteger protect
el provecho profit, advantage
la providencia providence, good genius; ¡hay—! there is a providence!
próximo,-a next, near
proyectar throw; —sombra cast a shadow, give shade
pude,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of poder
el pueblo town; people; casa de—town house
pueda, puedas, etc., pres. subj. of poder
puedo, puedes, etc., pres. ind. of poder
el puente bridge
la puerta door, doorway, gate
pues then, well; for; —bien well then; —si but indeed; —nada no matter
pulgar: el dedo—thumb
el pulmón lung
el pulso pulse
el puñado handful
puse,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of poner
Q
que pron. who, which, that; el (la, los, las)—who, the one who, which; lo—which, that which; por lo—wherefore, therefore
que adv. and conj. that, because, as, for, how, than
¿qué? what? which? ¡—! what! how! ¿a—? why? for what purpose? ¿—hay? what's the matter?
quedar(se) remain, be; se había quedado solo had been left alone; —se dormido fall asleep
quejarse complain, moan, groan
querer wish, want; try; love
quien (pl. quienes) who, whom, he who, etc.; interr. and exclam. quién (quiénes) who, whom
quiero, quieres, etc., pres. ind. of querer
quince fifteen
quinientos,-as five hundred
quise,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of querer
quisiera,-as, etc., imp. subj. of querer
quitar take away, take off
R
la rabia rabies, hydrophobia; anger, rage
rabiar be mad; have hydrophobia
rabioso,-a mad
el rabo tail; con el—caído with his tail between his legs
la rampa declivity, sloping road
rápidamente very quickly
la rapidez rapidity
rápido,-a rapid, steep
rasgar tear
el rastro trace, trail
el rato while, moment; largos—s long hours, much time; al poco—soon, in a little while; para—for a while
rayado,-a striped
el rayo ray
la raza race, breed
reanimar reanimate, arouse, cheer; —se revive
el rebato alarm
rebosar overflow with
el recelo misgiving, suspicion; con—suspiciously
receloso,-a suspicious, apprehensive
el recibimiento reception
recibir receive, meet
recobrar recover, regain
recoger pick up, take up, catch, gather, reap; el que siembra recoge he who sows, reaps (that is, he who does a kind act is rewarded)
recoja,-as, etc., pres. subj. of recoger
reconocer reconnoiter, examine
recorrer run through, scour, scout
el recuerdo keepsake, souvenir
recuperar recover, get back
rechazo: de—rebounding
rechinar creak; hacer—gnash
el reflejo reflex, reflection, ray
refugiarse take refuge
regresar return
reinar reign
reír (i),—se laugh
el relámpago flash of lightning
el reloj clock
remendar (ie) mend, patch
repartir distribute, divide, share
repentino,-a sudden
reponer reply
repugnante repugnant, loathsome
repuse,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of reponer
resbaladizo,-a slippery
resolver (ue),—se resolve, settle, determine
el resoplido snort, puff
respetable highly esteemed, greatly respected
respetuosamente respectfully
la respiración breathing
respirar breathe
resplandecer shine
la respuesta reply
resueltamente resolutely
resuelto past. part. of resolver
resultar result, be as a result, be the consequence, prove to be
la retirada retreat
retirarse retire, withdraw
el retiro withdrawal, retreat
el retrato portrait; —al óleo oil painting
retroceder retreat; —de espaldas retreat backwards
reunir assemble
reventar (ie) burst, die
el revólver revolver
rezar pray
rico,-a rich
riendo pres. part. of reír
el río river
robar(a) rob, steal (from); me han robado a Juanito they have stolen Johnnie from me or they have stolen my Johnnie
robusto,-a robust, strong, stout
la roca rock, stone
rodar (ue) roll
rodear put around, surround; rodeando con un brazo putting an arm around; rodeado de surrounded by
la rodilla knee; de—s on one's knees
rogar(ue) beg, beseech, entreat
rojizo,-a (from rojo) reddish
rojo,-a red; —amarillento reddish yellow
Roma Rome
romper break, tear
el rostro face, countenance
roto,-a irr. past. part. of romper
el ruego entreaty, coaxing
el rugido roar
rugir roar
el ruido noise
S
la sábana sheet
saber know, know how (to), hear about; al—when he heard about; ya lo sé I know it
sabio,-a, wise, learned; trained
el sable sabre
sacar take out
la sala-cocina kitchen (serving as living room and dining room)
la salida exit, outlet, way out, outskirts
salir go out, come out, get out; —de casa leave the house
saltar jump, leap
el salto leap, jump; dar—s jump, leap, jump about; de dos—s with two leaps
la salvación salvation, rescue
salvador,-a saving
Salvador Bueno prop. noun
salvar save, rescue; —se save oneself, escape; sálvese let him save himself, let him escape
la sangre blood
sano,-a healthy, sound, wholesome, sane
satisfecho,-a satisfied
se refl. pron. himself, herself, itself, yourself, oneself, themselves, yourselves; each other, one another; —ve is seen (the reflexive construction of a verb often takes the place of the passive voice)
se = le or les in se le, se la, se lo, se los, se las
sé pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of saber
seco,-a dry
el secretario secretary
secuestrado,-a, held for ransom
el secuestrador kidnapper
el secuestro kidnapping
la sed thirst; tener—be thirsty; qué—tenía how thirsty he was
seguir (i) follow, continue, go on, get on; seguido de followed by; sigámoslo let us follow it or him
segundo,-a second
el segundo second
la seguridad surety, certainty; tengo la completa—de I am perfectly sure
seguro,—a sure, secure, safe; —de que sure that; de—probably, surely, I am sure
seis six
la semana week
sembrar (ie) sow, plant; sembrado de sown with, covered with; see recoger
la senda footpath
sentar(ie) suit, agree (with); —se sit down, be seated
la sentencia sentence
el sentido sense; buen—good sense, correct meaning (of words); perder el—lose consciousness
sentir (ie) feel; regret, be sorry; —se feel
la seña sign
la señal sign, mark; en—de alianza as a mark of friendship
señalar point out or at
el señor Mr., sir; gentleman, man, master
el señorito dim. young gentleman, young man, sir
separar(se) separate; no separa la vista de does not take his eyes off
sepulcral sepulchral
ser be; soy yo it is I; ¡eres tú! is it you! ¿qué será de? what will become of? a no—por except for
sereno,-a serene, cheerful
sería,-as, etc., cond. of ser
el servicio service; —nocturno night-watch, night duty
sesenta sixty
si if, whether; why, indeed; —es the truth is, the fact is; por—in case
sí yes, indeed; tú sí que estás rabioso it's you that's mad
sido past part. of ser
siempre always; corría y corría—kept on running
siga,-as, etc., pres. subj. of seguir
sigue pres. ind., 3d pers. sing., of seguir
siguiera,-as, etc., imp. subj. of seguir
siguió, siguieron pret., 3d pers., of seguir
el silencio silence
silencioso,-a silent
la silla chair; —mecedora rocking-chair
sin without; —...nada without...anything; —que without, unless
sino but, but also, except; —que but; no...—only
sintiendo pres. part. of sentir
sintió, sintieron pret., 3d pers., of sentir
el síntoma symptom
siquiera even, just, at least; ni—not even
el sitio place; en su—in the right place; cambiarlo de—change its position
la situación situation, condition
situado,-a situated
sobre on, upon; —todo above all, especially
sobresaltado,-a, startled, in alarm
socorrer succor, help
el sofá sofa, couch
el sol sun, sun's rays
solamente only
solitario,-a solitary
solo,-a alone, single, mere; empty, deserted; adv. sólo only, merely
soltar (ue) let loose, utter, say
la sombra shade, shadow; a la—in the shade
el sombrero hat
sombrío,-a dark, gloomy
somos pres. ind., 1st pers. pl., of ser
sonar (ue) sound, ring, tinkle; parece que ha sonado it seems to me I heard the sound of
la sonrisa smile
soñar (ue) dream (con about)
sordamente: gruñir—give a low growl
soy pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of ser
su his, her, its, your, their
suavemente gently, softly
la suavidad gentleness
subir rise, climb, bring up, take up
suceder happen
sucio,-a dirty, soiled
el sudor sweat, perspiration
el suelo ground, floor
la suerte luck
sujeto,-a fast, fixed; tener—hold (down)
superior superior
la súplica supplication, entreaty
suplicante imploring
suspender suspend
el susto fright, scare; dar un—frighten
suyo,-a, (of) his, hers, its, theirs, yours; los—s his men
T
tal such, that; con—que provided that; —vez perhaps, possibly
también also, too
tampoco neither, not either, nor (he, she) either
tan so
tanto,-a so much (many), as much (many); —...cuanto as much...as; no— not quite so bad
la tapia wall (of dried mud or earth and lime, about a garden or yard)
la tardanza delay, detention, lateness
tarde late; más—later (on)
la tarde afternoon
te thee, you; to thee, you
técnico,-a technical
temblar (ie) tremble
tembloroso,-a trembling, quaking
temer (se) fear
temeroso,-a apprehensive, afraid
la temperatura temperature
la tempestad tempest, storm
tender (ie) stretch, hold out, extend; —se stretch oneself out
tendré,-ás, etc., fut. of tener
tendría,-ías, etc., cond. of tener
tener have, hold; —que have to; ¿qué tienes? what is the matter? verás lo que tiene you will see what's the matter with him; tienes la cara encendida your face is (as) red; —se en pie stand up; tendría cuarenta años de edad she was about forty years old
tenga,-as, etc., pres. subj. of tener
tengo, tienes, etc., pres. ind. of tener
tenue faint
tercer(o),-a third
terminar end, finish
el terreno ground, region
terrible terrible, frightful
el terror terror, fright
la tez complexion
ti you, thee
el tiempo time, weather; a—in time; a un—at the same time
la tierra earth, land, ground
tímido,-a timid
tirar throw, throw away
el tiro shot; a—s by firing (at it)
tocar (a) ring (for); touch
todavía still, yet; —no not yet
todo everything, all; —el all the, the whole; —lo everything; —el que every one who; —lo que all that; sobre—especially
tomar take; —a la derecha turn to the right; toma well
toque,-es, etc., pres. subj. of tocar
el toque signal, ringing (of bells); —de rebato alarm bell
torcer (ue) twist, bend, turn
la tormenta storm
el tornillo screw, thumbscrew
la torre (church) tower
el torrente torrent
torvo,-a, stern, grim
trabajar work, toil
el trabajo work; —perdido labor lost, all in vain
tráelo: see traer
traer bring, bring back, take, give; tráelo give it (to me)
tragar swallow
el traidor traitor
traigo pres. ind., 1st pers. sing., of traer
el traje suit (of clothes), dress, clothes, costume
la trampa trapdoor
transcurrir pass, go by (of time)
trasero,-a hind (leg, etc.)
trayendo pres. part. of traer
treinta thirty
trémulo,-a trembling
trepar climb
tres three
triste sad, mournful
el trueno thunder, peal or crash of thunder
tú pron. thou, you; tu(s) adj. your, thy
la turba crowd
turbio,-a muddy, turbid
¡tuso! get out, you dog!
tuve,-iste,-o, etc., pret. of tener
tuviera imp. subj. of tener
U
último,-a last, last named; por—lastly
la umbría shady north slope (of a mountain)
umbrío,-a shady, somber
un: see uno
unir(se) unite, join
un(o),-a one; a, an; —s,—s some; los—s a los otros (to) one another
usted, pl. ustedes you
útil useful
V
va: see voy
vacilar hesitate, vacillate
vago,-a vague
valiente brave, valiant
el valiente brave man
el valor courage, valor
el valle valley
vamos: see ir
el vándalo vandal
vano,-a vain; en—in vain
vas, etc.: see voy
vaya,-as, etc., pres. subj. of ir
Vd., Vds. orthographic abbreviations of usted, ustedes you
veces: see vez
el vecino neighbor, inhabitant, resident
veinte twenty
veinticuatro twenty-four
velar watch, sit up with; —por watch over
ven imper., 2d pers. sing., of venir
vencer conquer
vender sell
vendré,-ás, etc., fut. ind. of venir
venerable venerable
la veneración veneration
venga,-as, etc., pres. subj. of venir
venir (se) come; ¡ven! come! viene lleno is full
ventajosamente advantageously
la ventana window
ventear blow; scent, sniff
ver see; a—, veamos let us (me) see; tú lo ves you see how it is; ¿lo ves? do you see? se vió, se veía was seen; debe—se should be visible
el verano summer
la verdad truth; es—it is true; ¿—? (=¿no es—) isn't it so? la—in truth; de—real
verdaderamente truly, really
la vereda narrow path, trail
el verso verse
vertiginoso,-a dizzy; de un modo—dizzily
el vestido dress
vestir (i) dress, wear
ve (te) imper., 2d pers. sing., of ir(se)
la vez time; una—once; de una—at once, quickly; otra—again; a veces, unas veces at times, sometimes; muchas veces, often; de—en cuando from time to time, now and then; en—de instead of
vi, viste, vió, etc., pret. of ver
viajar travel
el viaje trip, journey
la víctima victim
viejo,-a old; el —o, la —a old man, old woman
el viento wind
viera,-as, etc., imp. subj. of ver
vigoroso,-a vigorous, strong
la viña vineyard
vió: see vi
la violencia violence
violento,-a violent; de un modo—violently
la visita visit(s), call(s) la vista view, sight, glance, look, eyes; en—de que in view of the fact that
vistiendo pres. part. of vestir
visto past part. of ver: por lo—apparently, evidently
el volatinero rope-dancer, acrobat
la voluntad will; hágase tu—thy (your) will be done
volver (ue) turn, return, go back, come in again; make (crazy); —a (+inf.) again; volvió a detenerse he stopped again; —en sí come to (from a swoon, etc.); —se turn (around); —se loco go crazy
voy, vas, va, etc., pres. ind. of ir
la voz voice, word, shout, outcry; a—en grito at the top of one's voice; ¿qué voces? what shrieks? en—fuerte in a loud voice; dar voces shout, scream, cry (out)
el vuelo flight; echar la campana al—ring the bell furiously vuelto past part. of volver
vuelvo, vuelves, etc., pres. ind. of volver
Y
y and
ya already, now, presently; tú—sabes you know well enough; —que since; —lo sé I know that
yendo(se) pres. part. of ir (se)
yo I; —mismo I myself
Z
la zalea sheepskin
la zapatilla slipper
el zapato shoe
el zurrón knapsack, game-bag