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Folk Lore Notes. Vol. II—Konkan

Chapter X · WITCHCRAFT.

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Chetak is an art secretly learnt by women. It is a form of the black art. A woman well versed in the mantras of chetak can do any mischief she chooses. She can kill a child or turn any person into a dog or other animal by the power of her incantations. The Chetakin can remove all the hair from the head of a woman, or scatter filth, etc. in a person’s house, make marks of crosses with marking nuts on all the clothes, or play many other such tricks without betraying a trace of the author of the mischief. The chetakins are able to mesmerize a man and order him to do anything they want. A Chetakin or witch cannot herself appear in the form of an animal.

They follow revolting forms of ceremonies. All witches who have learnt the black art meet at night once a month on the Amávásya day or no moon day of every month, at a burning ground outside the village. On such occasions they go quite naked, and apply turmeric and red powders to the body and forehead. While coming to the cremation ground they bring on their heads burning coals in an earthen pot called Kondi. At this meeting they repeat their mantras, and take care that none are forgotten. After completing the repetition of the mantras, they go round the village and return to their respective houses. They have no special haunts or seasons.

Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · Ráo Sáheb Shelke, Kolhápur. ↑Note 2 · School Master, Anjarle, Ratnágiri. ↑Note 3 · School Master, Rái, Thána. ↑Note 4 · School Master, Khopoli, Kolába. ↑Note 5 · School Master, Rái, Thána. ↑Note 6 · School Master, Padghe, Thána. ↑Note 7 · Ráo Sáheb Shelke, Kolhápur. ↑Note 8 · In the Kolhápur District the woman who is in possession of a chetak is called chetakin. The chetak is said to abide by her orders. It is belNote 9 · There are no witches in the Ratnágiri District. It is said that there are some at Kolwan in the Thána District. They are generally found amoNote 10 · There are no witches at Rái in the Thána District. The woman who can influence evil spirits to do harm to others is called a Bhutáli. It is Note 11 · A witch has dirty habits and observances. The chief sign for detecting a witch or chetakin is a foam or froth that appears on the lips of heNote 12 · In the Thána District it is believed that the skin round the eyes of a witch is always black, her eyes have an intoxicated appearance, her nNote 13 · There are some sorcerers in the Thána District who can move a small brass cup or váti by the power of their magic. They can detect a witch bNote 14 · In the Kolhápur District, when the people come to know of the existence of a witch in their village, they take special precautions at the tiNote 15 · Offerings of cocoanuts, fowls or goats are annually made to the spirits that guard the fields. They are generally made at the time of beginnNote 16 · At Bándivade in the Ratnágiri District, while commencing the sowing of crops the farmers worship a certain number of bullocks made of rice fNote 17 · Ceremonies in connection with ploughing, etc., are not observed for all the lands. But fields which are supposed to be haunted by evil spiriNote 18 · At Fonda in the Ratnágiri District the Shiwar generally composed of boiled rice mixed with curds is kept at the corner of a field at the timNote 19 · At Dásgáv in the Kolába District, there is a custom of carrying one onion in the corn taken to the fields for sowing and placing five handfuNote 20 · At Váda in the Thána District the ploughs are worshipped by the farmers on Saturday and then carried to the fields for ploughing. At the timNote 21 · In the Kolhápur District the farmers worship the plough before beginning to plough the land. At the time of sowing the corn they worship theNote 22 · In the Konkan districts the village deity is invoked to protect the cattle. People offer fowls and cocoanuts in the annual fair of a villageNote 23 · When there was scarcity of rain the Hindus formerly invoked Indra, the god of rain, by means of Yadnyas or sacrifices, but such sacrifices aNote 24 · The following rural rites are intended to ensure sunshine and to check excessive rain. A man born in the month of Fálgun (March) is requesteNote 25 · In order to protect the crops from wild pig the people of Umbergáon in the Thána District post in their fields twigs of Ayan tree on the Gan
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