INDEX

I, V, X, etc. = Introduction: P = Plant Biology: A = Animal Biology: H = Human Biology.

Aboral surface, A 35.

Aborted seeds, P 166.

Absorption, H 106.

Abutilon, P 156.

Accessory fruit, P 164, 169.

Accommodation in eye, H 143, 153.

Acephala, A 107.

Acid, ix.

Adaptation to environment, P 6, A 148, 185, 201, 205, 207, H 19, 108, 109, 110.

Adenoid growths, H 86.

Adipose tissue, H 12.

Adulteration of food, H 93.

Adventitious roots, P 36; buds, P 114.

Aerial roots, P 34.

Aggregate fruit, P 168.

Air cells, H 75.

Air plants, P 35.

Akenes, P 165.

Albinism, H 16, 18.

Albumen, H 92.

Albumin, H 92.

Alcohol and circulation, H 67; and fermentation, H 158; and food, H 113; and muscles, H 50; and nerves, H 135; and skin, H 20.

Algar, P 179, 183, 195.

Alkaline, ix.

Alternation of generation, P 179, A 30, 31.

Ambulacral, A 36.

Ameba, A 10.

Americans, H 1.

Anadon, A 98.

Anatomy, H 9.

Anemophilous, P 149.

Animal food, H 95, 110.

Annual plant, P 17.

Antelope, A 215.

Antennæ, A 68, 87.

Anther, P 135, 144, 180.

Antheridium, P 178, 186, 198, 200, 202, 203.

Ant-eater, giant, A 199; spiny, A 196.

Ant-lion, A 91.

Ape, A 220.

Apical dehiscence, P 166.

Appendicitis, H 106.

Appendix, vermiform, H 106.

Appetite, H 94, 110.

Aptera, A 82.

Apteryx, A 174.

Aquarium, A 17.

Archegonium, P 178, 198, 200, 202, 203.

Argonaut, paper, A 107.

Arm, H 33.

Armadillo, A 200.

Arrowhead, H 2.

Arteries, H 51, 53, 54, 61.

Arthropoda, A 9, 125.

Arum family, P 140.

Ash, P 92.

Asiatic cholera, H 160.

Assimilation, P 97, H 90.

Association fibers, H 123, 126.

Asthma, H 86.

Astigmatism, H 144.

Athletics, H 46, 47.

Atwater’s experiments, H 113.

Auricle, H 53.

Automatic action, H 123.

Axil, P 112.

Axis, plant, P 15.

Axon, H 119.

Bacillus, H 158, 159.

Bacteria, P 39, 109, 182, H 158, 159, 160, 161.

Bandage, H 62.

Barberry, P 157, 193.

Bark, P 54, 66, 67.

Bark-bound trees, P 54.

Bast, P 61, 66.

Bat, A 202.

Baths, H 23, 24.

Batrachia, A 126.

Bean, P 20, 28, 39, 194, H 95, 96, 112.

Beaver, A 204.

Bedbug, A 92, 93.

Bee, bumble, A 89; honey, A 88.

Beebe’s Experiments, Dr., H 113.

Beef, H 111; tea, H 111.

Beetle, A 90, 91.

Berry, P 167.

Biennial plant, P 17.

Big-headed turtle, A 149.

Bilateral, A 34, 49, 98.

Bile, H 105.

Bill of bird, A 151.

Biology defined, A 1, H 9.

Birds, A 150.

Blind spot, H 151.

Blood, H 58; quantity of, H 55; of insects, A 78.

Blood vessels, H 52; control of, H 58.

Board of Health, H 163.

Boll weevil, A 95, 96.

Boll worm, A 95, 96.

Bones, H 29; composition of, H 31; growth of, H 14, 36; forms of, H 28, 29, 34; structure of, H 30.

Bony tissue, H 13.

Borax, H 93.

Brace cells, P 67.

Bracts, P 134.

Brain, H 122; coverings of, H 125; of fish, A 118.

Branch, P 111, A 9.

Breathing, forms of, H 80; of bird, A 161; of insect, A 76; through mouth, H 85.

Breeding, plant, P 7, 8.

Bronchial tubes, H 75.

Bruises, H 62.

Bryophytes, P 181.

Bud propagation, P 121.

Budding, P 127, 128.

Buds, P 72, 82, 87, 111; flower, P 115; fruit, P 115.

Bureau of entomology, A 95.

Burns, H 24.

Burs, P 172, 174.

Bushes, P 191, A 171.

Butterfly, A 83.

Cabbage, P 113, H 95.

Cabbage butterfly, A 84, 86, 87.

Callus, P 56.

Calyx, P 133.

Cambium, P 63, 65.

Camel, A 214.

Candle, xv, A 5.

Cane sugar, H 92, 104.

Capillaries, H 52, 53, 56.

Capsule, P 165.

Carbohydrate, P 95, H 91, 95.

Carbon, vii, xviii, P 92.

Carbon, dioxid, A 24, P 22, 93, 106, H 60, 76, 81, 132; monoxid, H 85.

Carnivorous, P 99, H 111.

Carp, A 112, 117, 123.

Carpel, P 136.

Cartilage, H 13, 35.

Castor bean, P 24.

Cat, A 184.

Caterpillar, tent, A 84.

Catkin, P 158.

Caucasian, H 1, 2.

Caulicle, P 20, 22, 25.

Cedar apple, P 194.

Cell, P 42, 63, 145, 176, A 6, 7, H 5, 6.

Celom, A 46.

Cephalopod, A 106.

Cerebellum, H 122, 124.

Cerebro-spinal system, H 128, 129.

Cerebrum, H 122, 125, 126.

Chelonia, A 143.

Chemistry, xv.

Chemical symbols, xv.

Chest, H 32.

Chewing, H 90, 101.

Chimpanzee, A 219, 221.

Chirping, A 66.

Chitin, A 77.

Chlorophyll, P 86, 94, 101, 183, 186.

Cholera, H 160.

Choroid, H 150, 152.

Chyme, H 103.

Cigarettes, H 67, 86.

Cilia, A 14, 20, 101, 103, H 76.

Ciliated chamber, A 17.

Cion, P 125.

Circulation, H 51; and breathing, H 58; and exercise, H 67; hygiene of, H 68; in ameba, A 12; in insect, A 77; in fish, A 117; portal, H 60, 105; pulmonary, H 60; renal, H 60.

City, H 4.

Cladophylla, P 100.

Clam, hardshell, A 104; softshell, A 104.

Class, A 9.

Classification, of animals, A 8, 125; of birds, A 177; insects, A 82; mammals, A 193.

Cleft graft, P 126.

Cleft leaf, P 75.

Cleistogamous, P 151.

Click-beetle, A 91.

Climate, and clothing, H 25; and brain work, H 68; and early man, H 2.

Climbing plants, P 129.

Clitellum, A 43, 47.

Cloaca, A 18.

Clot, H 61.

Clothes moth, A 84, 92, 93.

Clothing, H 16, 25.

Clover, P 39.

Club mosses, P 203.

Cluster, flower, P 155, 159; centrifugal, P 156, 159; centripetal, P 156; indeterminate, P 156.

Coagulation, H 61.

Cockroach, A 71.

Cocoon, A 84.

Codling moth, A 84, 86, 87, 95.

Cœlenterata, A 28.

Colds, care of, H 69, 86.

Coleoptera, A 82.

Collecting insects, A 72.

Colon, H 106, 111.

Colonies, plant, P 11.

Colorado beetle, A 90, 91.

Coloration, warning, A 84, 146; protective, A 34, 37, 49.

Colors of flowers, A 85.

Comparative study, A 85, 108, 122, 223; moth and butterfly, A 85.

Composite flowers, P 140.

Compositions, subjects for, H 15, 50, 116, 141.

Compound substance, vii.

Congestion, H 68.

Conjugation, P 185.

Conjunctiva, H 150.

Connective tissue, H 11, 54, 120.

Consumption, H 159.

Convolution, H 126.

Cooking, H 114.

Coördination, H 124.

Copper head, A 145.

Coral, A 31.

Coralline, A 31.

Coral snake, A 145, 146.

Cork, P 66, 67.

Corn, P 3, 25, 26.

Cornea, H 150.

Corolla, P 133; funnel form, P 138; labiate, P 138; personate, P 139; rotate, P 138; salver form, P 138.

Corpuscles, origin of, H 30; red, H 59; white, H 59, 60, 65, 68.

Corset, H 58, 80, 87.

Cortex, P 44.

Corymb, P 159.

Cotton plant, P 7, A 95.

Cotyledon, P 20.

Cricket, A 71.

Cross-fertilization, A 25.

Crowd poison, H 82.

Cryptogam, P 176, 180, 183-204.

Cuckoo, A 179.

Currant, P 157.

Cuttings, P 121, 123, 124.

Cuttlefish, A 107.

Cyme, P 159, 160.

Cypræa, A 104.

Cysts, A 13.

Cytoplasm, H 6.

Darwin, A 48, 148.

Debates, subjects for, H 141.

Deciduous, P 82.

Decumbent, P 50.

Degeneration, H 3, 4, 141.

Dehiscence, P 144, 164.

Deliquescent, P 51.

Dendron, H 119.

Dependent plants, P 106.

Dermis, H 17.

Devil’s horse, A 71.

De Vries, A 148, 224.

Dextrin, H 112.

Diaphragm, H 77, 78.

Dichogamy, P 144.

Dicotyledon, P 20.

Dicotyledonous stems, P 61.

Digestion, P 95, H 89, 96, 100.

Digitate, P 74.

Digits, A 222, H 111.

Dimorphous, P 144.

Diœcious, P 138, 170.

Diphtheria, H 160.

Diptera, A 82.

Disease, defined, H 5.

Disinfection, H 163.

Dispersal of seeds, P 172.

Dissection, P 30.

Division of labor, A 27, 29, H 8.

Dodder, P 35, 106.

Dog, A 224.

Dolphin, A 209.

Doodle bug, A 91.

Dorsal, A 43.

Dove, A 179.

Dragon fly, A 93.

Drainage, H 158, 161.

Dropsy, H 64.

Drugs, H 60, 130, 133.

Drupe, P 168.

Drupelet, P 168.

Duckbill, A 196.

Dust, H 82, 158.

Ear, of bird, A 151; of frog, A 131; of fish, A 112; of man, H 154.

Earthworm, A 42.

Echinoderms, A 9, 34, 125.

Ecology, P 14, H 9.

Economic importance of birds, A 167; insects, A 93; mollusks, A 105; rodents, A 206.

Ectoderm, A 26, 87.

Ectoplasm, A 11, 14.

Egg, of insect, A 81; of hen, H 95, 96, 112.

Elaters, P 198.

Element, viii.

Embryo, P 26, 180.

Embryo sac, P 180.

Enamel, H 98.

Endoderm, A 26, 27, 37.

Endodermis, P 44.

Endoplasm, A 11, 14.

Endosperm, P 21, 24.

Energy, H 96, 140; in ameba, A 12; organic, A 2, 3; plant, A 2, 3, 5.

Entomophilous, P 148.

Environment, P 6, A 148, H 2, 3, 4, 48.

Enzyme, H 100.

Epicotyl, P 23, 25.

Epidermis, of leaf, P 86, 87; of man, H 17; of mussel, A 98.

Epigeal, P 23.

Epiphyte, P 35, 110.

Epithelial, H 12, 54.

Equisetums, P 201.

Erect posture, H 3.

Esophagus, H 74, 101.

Essays, subjects for, H 15, 25, 50, 116.

Essential organs, P 135.

Ethiopian, H 12, 18.

Evaporation, viii.

Excretion, A 12.

Excurrent, P 51.

Exercise, H 45, 48, 49, 57, 67.

Expiration, H 79.

Explosive seeds, P 172.

Eye, H 149; of bird, A 150; of frog, A 30; of grasshopper, A 67, 79; of fish, A 111.

Fainting, H 57.

Family, A 8.

Fangs, venomous, A 145.

Farmers’ bulletins, A 95.

Fatigue, of muscles, H 45; of nerves, H 130, 131, 136.

Fats, test for, xi.

Fatty tissue, H 12, 103.

Feather, A 155.

Fehling’s solution, xi.

Ferment, H 100, 103, 104, 158.

Fermentation, P 190, H 158.

Fern, P 176.

Fertilization, P 144; cross, P 144, 146, A 85; self, P 145, 147, 188.

Fiber, H 2.

Fibrin, H 61.

Fibro-vascular bundles, P 61, 90.

Field study, P 3, 6, 8, 14, 19, 27, 46, 57, 71, 84, 91, 101, 110, 118, 128, 132, 143, 152, 162, 170, 174, 181, A 10, 22, 42, 71, 72, 97, 127, 165, 166, 167, 184.

Filament, P 135.

Filter, H 163.

Fins, A 110, 113.

Flagellum, A 21, 27.

Flatworm, A 49.

Flavors, H 142, 147.

Flea, A 92, 93.

Flight, of bird, A 157, 175; of moth, A 84.

Floral envelopes, P 133.

Florets, P 140.

Flower, P 133, 180, A 85; apetalous, P 136; clusters, P 155; complete, P 136; diclinous, P 137; double, P 142; imperfect, P 137; incomplete, P 136; lateral, P 136; naked, P 136; perfect, P 137; pistillate, P 137; regular, P 138; staminate, P 137; sterile, P 137; solitary, P 156; terminal, P 156.

Fly, horse, A 81; house, A 92, 93.

Foliage, P 16.

Follicle, P 165.

Food, H 88; defined, H 114; of birds, A 177.

Food stuffs, H 91.

Food tube, of bird, A 163; of fish, A 116; of insect, A 76; of man, H 97; of mussel, A 102.

Foot, H 29.

Foraminifera, A 15, 18.

Forestry, P 68.

Formaldehyde, H 163.

Formalin, H 93.

Framework of plant, P 15.

Frog, A 128.

Frond, P 176, 178, 181.

Fruit, P 163, H 95.

Fucus, P 186.

Funaria, P 201.

Function, A 1, H 9.

Fungi, P 187.

Fungus, P 107, 108, 184, 187, 195.

Gametophyte, P 179.

Gamopetalous, P 134.

Gamosepalous, P 134.

Ganglion, A 45, H 120.

Ganglionic system, H 127.

Garbage, H 163.

Gasteropod, A 108.

Gastric juice, H 103.

Gastrula, A 7.

General sensation, H 144, 145.

Generation of plants, P 16.

Genus, A 8.

Geographical barriers, A 148.

Geotropism, P 44, 47.

Germination, P 22, 23, 27.

Gila monster, A 147.

Gills, of mussel, A 100; of fish, A 115.

Glands, lymphatic, H 65.

Gland tissue, H 13.

Glomerule, P 160.

Gnawing mammals, A 203.

Gopher, pouched, A 204.

Gorilla, A 221.

Grafting, P 125.

Grain, H 95, 112.

Grantia, A 18.

Grape sugar, x, H 88, 92.

Grasshopper, A 70.

Grit cells, P 67.

Guard cells, P 88.

Gullet, H 74, 94, 101.

Gymnastics, H 47.

Gymnosperm, P 26, 170.

Gypsy moth, A 95.

Habit, H 131.

Hairs, P 87, H 19.

Hands, H 4; defined, A 220.

Headaches, H 132, 133.

Heart, human, H 51, 52; insect, A 77; sound of, H 60.

Heating, H 84.

Hemiptera, A 82.

Hemoglobin, H 59, 81.

Herb, P 17.

Heredity, A 147, 153, H 4.

Hessian fly, A 95.

Hill, Dr. L. H., quoted, H 140.

Hilum, P 21, 26.

Hip, H 4, P 168.

Hollyhock, P 147.

Homology, P 135.

Horned toad, A 140.

Host, P 107.

House fly, A 92, 93.

Houstonia, P 107.

Human species, H 1, A 220.

Hydra, A 22.

Hydranth, A 29.

Hydrochloric acid, H 103.

Hydroid, A 28, 29, 30.

Hygiene, H 49, 66, 80, 107, 129, 141.

Hymenoptera, A 82.

Hyphæ, P 107, 188.

Hypocotyl, P 22.

Hypogeal, P 23.

Hypostome, A 23.

Ichneumon fly, A 89.

Imago, A 81.

Immunity, H 158, 160.

Indehiscent, P 164.

Indian, H 2.

Indusium, P 177.

Inflammation, H 68, 86.

Inflorescence, P 155, 160.

Infusoria, A 16.

Inhibit, H 68.

Inorganic, A 1.

Insecticides, A 95.

Insects, A 73, 75; biting, A 82; classified, A 82; sucking, A 82.

Inspiration, H 77.

Instinct, A 80, 121, H 49.

Intercostal, H 77.

Internode, P 52.

Intestinal gland, H 104.

Intestine, H 98, 103, 106.

Involucre, P 34, 141, 163, 164.

Iodine test for starch, x.

Iris, H 143, 151.

Iron, vii, P 39.

Iron tonics, H 90.

Isoëtes, P 203.

Ivory, H 98.

Jacana, Mexican, A 178.

Jay, blue, A 181.

Jelly fish, A 29, 30.

Joints, H 29, 35, 36.

Kangaroo, A 198.

Key fruit, P 164.

Kidneys, of fish, A 117; of insects, A 76; of man, H 26, 27; of mussel, A 102; of worm, A 45.

Kinetoscope, H 151.

Labial palpi, A 68, 74, 101.

Labium, A 68, 74.

Laboratory, P 3.

Labrum, A 68, 74.

Labyrinth, H 157.

Lacteal, H 64, 65, 104, 105.

Lady bug, A 91.

Lamellibranch, A 107.

Landscape, P 13.

Lark, meadow; A 182; sky, A 179.

Larkspur, P 148, 149.

Larva, A 81.

Larynx, H 72.

Lasso cell, A 34.

Lateral spinal curvature, H 37.

Latex tubes, P 67.

Leaf, apex of, P 80; base of, P 80; function of, P 92; margin of, P 80; structure, P 86.

Leaf scar, P 90.

Leaves, arrangement of, P 82; shapes of, P 78, 85.

Leg, of bird, A 152; of horse, A 210; of insect, A 74; of man, H 33.

Legume, P 165, H 95.

Legume family, P 35, 169.

Lemur, A 220.

Lenticel, P 89.

Lepidoptera, A 82, 87.

Lichens, P 195.

Ligneous, P 17.

Lime water, xx, H 70.

Liver, H 105.

Liverworts, P 196.

Lobes of leaf, P 75.

Lobule of lung, H 75.

Locule, P 136, 163, 166.

Loculicidal dehiscence, P 166.

Louse, A 92, 93.

Lumber, P 68.

Lungs, of bird, A 165; of man, H 76.

Lycopodium, P 204.

Lymph, H 52, 62, 63.

Lymphatics, H 62, 63.

Lymph spaces, H 63.

Macrospore, P 203, 204.

Madreporite, A 35.

Malaria, H 160.

Malay, H 1.

Mammal, A 184, H 111; classified, A 193; defined, A 189.

Manatee, A 209.

Mandibles, A 68, 74.

Mantis, praying, A 3.

Mantle, A 99.

Marchantia, P 196.

Maxillæ, A 68, 74.

Maxillary palpi, A 68, 74.

May beetle, A 90, 91.

May fly, A 83.

Measuring worm, A 81, 84.

Medulla, H 122, 123.

Medullary ray, P 64.

Medusa, A 31.

Mesoglea, A 26.

Mesophyll, P 86.

Metamorphosis of insect, A 80, 81, 82.

Metazoan, A 1.

Micropyle, P 21, 26.

Microscope, P 21, 26.

Microspore, P 203.

Midrib, P 77.

Migration of birds, A 171, 173.

Milk, H 91, 95, 96, 112.

Mimicry, A 146.

Mind and health, H 129.

Minerals, xiv, H 90, 91, 93, 95.

Mint family, P 139.

Mistletoe, P 109.

Moccasin, A 145.

Mold, P 188.

Mole, A 201.

Mollusk, A 9, 97, 125.

Molting, A 69, 174.

Mongolian, H 1.

Monkey, A 220.

Monocotyledons, P 20, 25, 63.

Monœcious, P 138, 150, 170.

Morphine, H 105.

Morula, A 7.

Mosquito, A 92, 93, 96, H 160, 161.

Mosses, P 199.

Moss, Spanish, P 110.

Moth, A 83.

Mother-of-pearl, A 99.

Motor, cell, H 120; fiber, H 120.

Mullein, P 87.

Municipal sanitation, H 162, 163.

Muscadine, P 36.

Muscles, H 39; arrangement of, H 41; control of, H 39, 44; function of, H 39, 43; growth, H 42; kinds of, H 39; structure of, H 39.

Muscles and health, H 45.

Muscular sense, H 142, 146.

Muscular tissue, H 11.

Mushroom, P 107, 194.

Mussel, A 96, 103.

Mycelium, P 107, 108, 188.

Mychorrhiza, P 108.

Nails, H 19.

Narcotic, H 137, 148.

Nasal tone, H 144.

Natural selection, P 8, A 148.

Nautilus, chambered, A 107.

Nectar, A 8, P 148.

Nephridium, A 45.

Nerve, H 119; spinal, H 127; cranial, H 127.

Nerve cell, H 119; fatigue of, H 130.

Nerve center, H 117, 120.

Nerve fiber, H 119.

Nerve tissue, H 11.

Nerves, vaso-motor, H 23.

Nervous children, H 135.

Nervous system, of bee, A 78; of man, H 117; of mussel, A 102.

Nest building, A 166, 182.

Neuron, H 118.

Neuroptera, A 82.

Neutral substances, ix.

Nitella, P 187.

Nitric acid test for proteid, xi.

Nitrogen, viii, P 39, 40, H 81.

Nitrogenous compounds, xi.

Nodes, P 20, 52.

Nodules, P 39, 40.

Nose bleed, H 52.

Nostoc, P 184.

Nostril, of bird, A 151; of fish, A 112.

Notebooks, P 3.

Nucleolus, A 6, H 6.

Nucleoplasm, H 7.

Nucleus, P 144, 185, A 6, 11, 14, H 6, 18.

Nutrients, H 91.

Nuts, P 164, H 95.

Octopus, A 106.

Oil gland, H 20.

Oils, test for, xi.

Okapi, A 214.

Oleander, P 86.

Omnivorous, A 47, H 111.

One-celled animals, A 7.

Oögonia, P 186.

Opossum, A 197; H 4.

Opsonin, H 162.

Optic nerve, H 151, 152.

Oral surface, A 35.

Orang, A 222.

Orbit, H 149.

Orchid, P 35, 110.

Order, A 9.

Organ, A 1, H 9.

Organic, xiv, A 1.

Organism, A 1.

Orthoptera, A 82.

Oscillatoria, P 184.

Osculum, A 18.

Osier, Dr. William, quoted, H 133.

Osmosis, P 42, 48.

Outdoor life, H 5, 22.

Ovary, P 135, 144, 163, 170, A 25, 37, 117.

Overgrowth, P 12.

Oviduct, A 46.

Ovule, P 144, 186.

Oxidation, xii, A 3, 4, 5, H 14, 90, 91, 120.

Oxygen, viii, A 4, 5, H 4, 76, 81, 140.

Oyster, A 104.

Palisade cells, P 86.

Palmate, P 74.

Pancreas, H 104.

Panicle, P 158.

Papilla, H 17.

Pappus, P 141.

Paramecium, A 13.

Parasites, P 107, A 49, 93.

Parenchyma, P 60, 86.

Partridge, A 178.

Pearls, A 105.

Peccary, A 217.

Pedicel, P 162.

Peduncle, P 62.

Peltate, P 77.

Pelvis, H 33.

Pepsin, H 103.

Perch, A 109, 110, 123.

Perennial, P 17.

Pericarp, P 164, 165, 169.

Peristalsis, H 102, 106, 127.

Peritoneum, H 106.

Pests, insect, A 93.

Petals, P 134.

Petiole, P 76.

Phagocyte, H 161.

Pharynx, H 73, 85, 101.

Pheasant, A 174.

Phenogam, P 177, 180.

Phosphorus, vi.

Photo-synthesis, P 94, 101.

Phyllotaxy, P 84.

Physics, xiv.

Physiology, H 9.

Pigment, H 18.

Pine cone, P 27, 170.

Pinna, P 181.

Pinnate, P 74.

Pinnatifid, P 76.

Pistil, P 135.

Plantain, P 157.

Plant societies, P 9.

Plants, unlikeness of, P 9.

Plastron, A 141.

Pleura, H 76.

Plexus, H 128.

Plumule, P 20, 23, 25.

Plur-annual, P 18.

Pod, P 164.

Poison, H 137.

Pollen, P 135, 144, 180, A 85.

Pollen basket, A 88.

Pollination, P 144, 145; artificial, P 153.

Polyp, A 9, 22, 125.

Polypetalous, P 134.

Polysepalous, P 134.

Polytrichum, P 199.

Pome, P 169.

Portal vein, H 105.

Portuguese man-o’-war, A 28.

Posterior curvature of spine, H 37.

Potato, H 92, 95, 112; bug, A 90.

Practical questions, H 50, 69, 87, 112, 136.

Primates, A 220.

Primitive man, H 3.

Primrose, P 149.

Proboscis, of butterfly, A 83, 87; elephant, A 207.

Prolegs, A 84, 87.

Propagation by buds, P 121.

Prop-roots, P 36.

Protection of birds, A 171.

Protective resemblance, A 34, 146.

Proteid, xi, H 88, 91, 92, 94, 95, 96, 104.

Proterandrous, P 146.

Proterogynous, P 146.

Prothallus, P 178, 202.

Protoplasm, xiv, P 42, 94, 97, 185, A 6, 11, H 5, 6, 59, 106, 118.

Protozoa, A 7, 9, 11, 125.

Pruning, P 105.

Pseud-annual, P 17.

Pseudoneuroptera, A 82.

Pseudopod, A 11.

Pteridophytes, P 181, 201, 203.

Ptyalin, H 100.

Puffball, P 194.

Pulse, H 55.

Pure food law, H 93.

Pylorus, H 103.

Pyxis, P 166.

Quarantine, H 163.

Quarter-sawed, P 70.

Quill, A 156.

Rabbit, A 205, 223.

Radial symmetry, A 34, 125.

Ration, daily, H 94, 96.

Rattlesnake, A 145.

Reaction, H 151, 152.

Receptacle, P 134, 163.

Rectum, A 134, H 97.

Reflex action, H 121.

Regeneration of lost parts, A 37.

Rennin, H 103.

Reproduction, A 12, 15, 20, 25, 37, 46, 120.

Reptiles, A 139.

Respiration, cellular, H 81; human, H 70; hygiene of, H 80; in plants, P 97, 103.

Resting spore, P 184, 185, 189, 191, 192.

Retina, H 151, 152.

Rhizome, P 52, 202.

Rhizopoda, A 16.

Road runner, A 169.

Robin, A 183.

Root cap, P 44.

Root climber, P 129.

Root hairs, P 41, 42, 46.

Rootlet, P 41.

Root pressure, P 99, 104.

Roots, and air, P 41; forms of, P 32; function, P 38; structure, P 38, 43; systems, P 32.

Rotifer, A 49.

Round worm, A 49.

Ruminant, A 213.

Rust, P 192.

Salamander, A 134, 138, 139.

Saliva, H 96, 100, 112.

Salt, x, H 93.

Samara, P 164.

Sand, xiii.

Sandworm, A 49.

Sanitary map, H 158.

San José scale, A 95.

Sap, P 67.

Saprophyte, P 107, 108.

Scab in sheep, A 95.

Scales, of bird, A 161; fish, A 110; moth, A 89.

Scallops, A 104.

Scape, P 161.

Scarab, A 90, 91.

School and health, H 135.

Sclerotic, H 150.

Scouring rush, P 203.

Scramblers, P 129.

Sea anemone, A 33.

Sea fan, A 32.

Sea horse, A 124.

Sea urchin, A 38.

Seed, P 20, 163, 180; coat, P 21.

Selaginella, P 204.

Selection, natural, P 8; artificial, P 8.

Sense, muscular, H 143; thermic, H 142.

Senses of insects, A 76.

Sensory, cell, H 120; fiber, H 120, 121.

Sepal, P 133, 169.

Septicidal capsule, P 166.

Serum, H 61.

Sessile, P 77.

Setæ, A 43, 48.

Sexual selection, A 174.

Shark, A 121.

Shelf fungus, P 194.

Shoes, H 48.

Shoulder, H 32.

Shrub, P 19.

Sick headache, H 133.

Sieve tubes, P 66.

Silicle, P 167.

Silique, P 167.

Silkworm, A 84, 86, 95.

Silver scale, A 83.

Siphon, A 101.

Siphonoptera, A 82.

Skeleton, of bird, A 152; cat, A 188; frog, A 131; of fish, A 113; man, H 28; chart of, A 218.

Skin, H 16.

Skull, H 63; mammalian, A 194.

Sleep, H 130.

Slipper animalcule, A 13.

Sloth, A 199.

Slug, A 105.

Smell, H 147.

Snail, A 105.

Societies, P 9.

Soil, P 40, 47, A 48.

Soredia, P 196.

Sori, P 177, 192.

Souring of milk, H 158.

Spadix, P 140.

Sparrow, A 182; English, A 170.

Spathe, P 138, 140.

Specialization, A 20, 27, 66, 210, H 8.

Species, A 8.

Spermary, A 25, 27.

Spermatophytes, P 180.

Spicule, A 18.

Spider, A 94.

Spike, P 157.

Spinal cord, H 120, 121.

Spinal deformities, H 37.

Spine, H 31.

Spiracle, A 77, 87.

Spirogyra, P 184.

Sponges, A 17, 125; glass, A 19; horny, A 19; limy, A 19.

Spontaneous combustion, xiii.

Sporangium, P 177, 186, 188, 201, 203, 204.

Spore, P 176, 178, 181, 184, H 159.

Sporophyll, P 180, 201.

Sporophyte, P 177.

Sports, A 148, 224.

Sprain, H 38.

Squash bug, A 93, 95.

Squid, A 106.

Stamen, P 135.

Starch, x, P 95, 101, H 88, 91.

Starvation, H 138.

Stem, P 49; endogenous, P 59; exogenous, P 61; kinds of, P 49.

Sterilizing wounds, H 163.

Stickleback, A 119.

Stigma, P 135, 144, 145.

Stimulant defined, H 137.

Stipule, P 76, 84.

Stock, P 125.

Stomate, P 87.

Stone age, H 2.

Stone fruit, P 168.

Storage of food, P 99.

Street cleaning, H 163.

Struggle to live, P 4, 6, A 147, H 4.

Study, comparative, A 82, 149, 223.

Style, P 135, 163.

Sugar, H 91, 100.

Sulphur, vii.

Summer-spore, P 191.

Sun energy, P 95, A 2, H 91.

Sunlight, A 2, H18.

Survival of fittest, P 7, A 147, H 4, 141.

Sutures, H 35.

Swarm-spores, P 186.

Sweat gland, H 20.

Symbiosis, P 196.

Sympathetic system, H 127, 129.

Syngenesious, P 141.

Synovial fluid, H 36.

Tadpole, A 126, 134.

Tanner, Dr., H 138.

Tapeworm, A 49.

Tarantula, A 94.

Taste, H 110, 143, 146.

Tear gland, H 149.

Teeth, H 88, 98, 99, 111; of frog, A 130.

Teleutospores, P 192.

Temperature, H 21; nerves of, H 142, 146.

Tendon, H 41.

Tendril, P 101.

Terrapin, A 143, 144.

Thallophyte, P 181, 184.

Thallus, P 184, 197.

Thompson, Sir Henry, on smoking, H 87.

Thoracic duct, H 64, 65, 105.

Thorns, P 101.

Thought questions, H 20, 27, 79, 107, 109, 116.

Thyrse, P 160.

Thyroid gland, H 97.

Tillandsia, P 110.

Timber, decay of, P 195.

Tissue, H 7, 10, P 60, 62.

Toad, A 137.

Toadstool, P 194.

Tobacco, and heart, H 67; and lungs, H 86; and taste, H 148; when enjoyable, H 87.

Tortoise, A 140, 143, 144.

Torus, P 134, 169.

Touch, H 145, A 119.

Toxin, H 160, 161.

Toyi Niku, Madame, quoted, H 141.

Trachea, H 74.

Tracheid, P 65.

Transpiration, P 98, 103.

Trap-door spider, A 94.

Tube feet, A 35.

Tuberculosis, H 5, 160.

Tumble bug, A 90, 91.

Turtle, A 140, 143, 144.

Twiners, P 129, 131.

Typhoid fever, H 159.

Umbel, P 159.

Umbo, A 98.

Undergrowth, P 12.

Ungulate, A 212.

Urea, H 94.

Uric acid, H 114.

Urinary tubule, H 27.

Vacuole, A 11, 12, 14.

Valve, P 164, H 51, 53, 57.

Vampire, A 203.

Variation, A 147, P 2.

Variety, A 8.

Vaso-motor nerves, H 23, 68.

Vaucheria, P 186.

Vegetables, H 95, 112.

Venomous snakes, A 143.

Vent, A 42.

Ventilation, H 71, 82, 83.

Ventral, A 43.

Ventricle, H 53.

Vermes, A 9, 125.

Vermiform appendix, H 4, 106.

Vertebra, H 71, 82, 83.

Vertebrates, A 9, 125.

Vertebrate skeletons, A 218.

Verticellate, P 84.

Vestigial organs, H 106.

Villi, H 104.

Vinegar, H 94.

Viscera, H 127; of bird, A 163.

Vitreous humor, H 152.

Voluntary act, H 122, 124.

Warning sound, A 147.

Wasps, digging, A 89.

Water-pore, P 88.

Waterworks, H 163.

Weevil, A 90, 91, 96.

Whale, A 208.

Wheat rust, P 192.

White corpuscles, H 59; origin of, H 61; work of, H 60, 161, 162.

White weed, or ox-eye daisy, P 155.

Whorled, P 84.

Willow mildew, P 190.

Wind travelers, P 173.

Wings, of grasshopper, A 67; of bird, A 153, 158.

Woodpecker, A 180.

Woody fiber, P 17.

Worms, A 42.

Wounds of plants, P 56.

Written exercises, H 15, 50, 116.

Yeast plants, P 190, H 158.

Yellow fever, H 160.

Yellow spot, H 151.

Zoology defined, A 1.

Zoophytes, A 33.

Zygnema, P 185.

Zygospore, P 185, 189, 190.

LESSONS IN HYGIENIC PHYSIOLOGY

By W. M. Coleman. x + 271 pages. 198 illustrations (16 colored, 13 full-page plates). 60 cents net.

In Lessons in Hygienic Physiology the study of physiology is simplified without weakening the presentation of its three essential principles—the biological principle of environment, the chemical principle of oxidation, and the physical principle of energy. The subject is approached throughout from the standpoint of health, because this is the most useful as well as the most interesting point of view. The question of temperance is treated fully, but at the same time in a conservative manner. The book is fully illustrated, one hundred and ninety-eight figures being furnished, sixteen of which are colored. The Lessons is suited to the needs of teachers who may find the Elements somewhat too advanced for their classes.

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BOTANY

An Elementary Text for Schools. By L. H. Bailey, Director of the College of Agriculture, and Professor of Rural Economy in Cornell University. Revised and enlarged. Illustrated. 12mo. Half leather. xiv + 355 pages. $1.10 net.

The subjects treated are four in number: the nature of the plant itself, the relation of the plant to its surroundings, the minute structures of plants, and the determination of the kinds of plants. Each of these subjects is practically distinct, so that the teacher may begin where he will.

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The book is based upon the idea that the proper way to begin the study of plants is by means of plants, instead of formal ideas or definitions. Instead of a definition as a model telling the pupil what he is to see, the plant shows him what there is to be seen, and the definition follows. In this way the pupil soon begins to generalize, and the conclusion reached is the true definition.

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