Volume 3 — SUBJECT-INDEX.

(For this Index the Author is indebted to F. HOWARD COLLINS, Esq., of Edgbaston, Birmingham.)

A priori, method, III, 199–203.

Absolute, The: Martineau on, II, 250–8; and relativity of knowledge, II, 260.

Abstract, definition of, II, 78.

Abstract nouns, succeed concrete, I, 323.

Abstraction, comparative psychology, I, 365–6.

Accommodation bills: morals of banking, III, 133–7; state tamperings with money, III, 326–35, 335–47.

Acoustics: genesis, II, 57, 60–1; “beats,” II, 169–70.

Acquisitiveness, comparative psychology, I, 367.

Action and reaction: universal, III, 101; the axiom, III, 221.

Activity, relation to growth, I, 63–4.

Adaptation: individual and social, III, 277–8; of alimentary canal, III, 421.

Address, forms of, III, 15–6.

Adelaide, Admiralty certificate of, III, 239.

Adjective, collocation of substantive, III, 340–1.

Administrative Nihilism, the title, II, 438, 442.

Admiralty, ship certificates, III, 239.

Adulteration: examples, III, 113; silk, III, 124–7.

Æsthetics, and natural selection, I, 408.

Agriculture, in France, III, 267–8.

Air, expansion without pressure, I, 118.

Alas! intonation of, II, 409.

Albert, Prince, on rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 284.

Algæ: development and homogeneity, I, 90; cell membrane, I, 439; cells, I, 446.

Algebra: genesis, II, 56; classification of sciences, II, 85; subject matter, II, 113, 115; evolution, II, 156; (see also Mathematics.)

Alimentary canal: evolution, III, 204; dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, 406; and nervous system, III, 409; adaptation, III, 421.

Allegory, compound metaphor, II, 354.

Allotropism, complexity of elements, I, 155, 373.

Alternative necessity, law of, II, 191–2.

Altruism: development, I, 346–50; comparative psychology, I, 367–9.

Amazon, burning of the ship, III, 239.

America: paleontological evidence, I, 17; effects of subsidence, I, 42–3; age of rocks, I, 200–5, 206, 209, 210; admiration for wealth, III, 149–51; progress in, III, 278; paper currency, III, 328, 345; liberty, III, 381–2; militancy and industrialism, III, 415–6, 484–92; politics, III, 457; the Americans, III, 471–92; New York, III, 472; Cleveland, III, 472; free institutions, III, 472; patents, 473; freedom, III, 473–4, 477; republicanism, III, 474–5; education, III, 475–6; character, III, 476, 482–7; railways, III, 478; future, III, 479–80; hair, III, 482; health, III, 482, 483–4; pleasures in, III, 482–3; causes of over-activity, III, 487–92.

Amœba, instability of homogeneous, I, 86.

Amsterdam, English enterprise in, III, 278.

Analysis, psychology and classification, I, 245–57.

Anarchy, and despotism, III, 159.

Anatomy: transcendental, I, 63; organic correlation, I, 96–101.

Andes, age of rocks, I, 200–1.

Andrews, Prof. T., researches, I, 164–7.

Anger: natural language of, I, 340–50; indications, II, 402, 404, 405; and laughter, II, 462–3.

Anglesea, age of rocks, I, 198.

Animals: number of species, I, 1–2; increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35; structure, I, 73, 76, 372–3; form, I, 73, 76; chemical composition, I, 74, 76; specific gravity, I, 74, 76; temperature, I, 74, 76; self-mobility, I, 75, 76; evolution and homogeneity, I, 83–4; distribution and heat, I, 223–4; also terrestrial change, I, 224–6; social analogy, I, 272–7; origin of worship, I, 308–30; indistinguishable from plants, I, 375–6; function, I, 392–3; gracefulness, II, 381, 385; muscular excitement, II, 400, 403.

Annulosa: integration, I, 67–71; division of labour, I, 287–8; nervous system, I, 300; controlling system, III, 407.

Anthropology, comparative psychology of man, I, 351–70.

Antipodes, belief in, II, 199.

Anti-realism, H. Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.

Aphis, development, I, 65–6.

Apoplexy: belief in spirits, I, 311–2; heart disease, I, 411.

Appleton, D. & Co., as publishers, III, 480.

Approbation, love of, I, 36–7, II, 421.

Arago, F. J. D.: distribution of nebulæ, I, 112; also forms, I, 122, 123, 124.

Architect, the State as, III, 239.

Architecture: relation to painting and sculpture, I, 24; types, II, 375–80; symmetry in buildings, II, 376–7; Gothic type, II, 374, 377, 378; Grecian, II, 376, 377, 378.

Argyll, Duke of, criticism of, I, 467–78.

Arithmetic, and test of necessity, II, 196–7; (See also Mathematics.)

Army: malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 233, 247, 257, 308, 310, 399; parliamentary rep­re­sen­ta­tives, III, 297, 303, 304; compulsory co-operation, III, 451–4.

Arrest, H. L. d’, planetoids, I, 174.

Art: recognition of likeness, II, 34; interdependence of the arts, II, 68–71; use and beauty in historical pictures, II, 373; contrast in, II, 373–4; English and continental, III, 430.

Arthur, Sir G., Van Diemen’s Land convicts, III, 161.

Articulata, nervous system, I, 301.

Assyrians: language and painting, I, 25–6; sculpture, I, 26, 29.

Astronomy: evolution and increase in heterogeneity, I, 10–11, 35; nebular hypothesis and multiplication of effects, I, 38–9, 59; history and generalization in, I, 192; geology and earth’s motion, I, 221–4; analogy from survival of the fittest, I, 478; science and common knowledge, II, 3; Hegel’s classification, II, 13; Comte’s, II, 21–7; genesis, II, 48–9, 52, 55; genesis of trigonometry, II, 55–6; genesis of physical, II, 59; interdependence of sciences, II, 66–7, 70–1; and abstract science, II, 80; and concrete, II, 88–92; terrestrial evolution, II, 94–9; deals with aggregates, II, 99; Bain on classification of sciences, II, 111; also Mill, II, 114; discovery of laws, II, 149; evolution, II, 152; judgments of reason and common sense, II, 243–4; laws of motion, II, 271–5, 283–8; motion of system, II, 293; exact science, III, 199.

Australia: size of the human limb, I, 17; age of rocks, I, 206; fauna, I, 216.

Australian, the ship, and admiralty certificate, III, 239.

Austria, paper currency, III, 345.

Authority, and intelligence, III, 311.

Axioms: knowledge implied by, II, 270, 277–88; origin of physical, II, 298–301, 313–4, 315–20; Thomson and Tait on physical, III, 220–1.

Babinet, M., on nebular hypothesis, I, 121.

Bach, J. S., and heredity, I, 407.

Bacon, Francis, Viscount St. Alban’s: organization of sciences, II, 121; literary style, II, 365; “A crowd is not company,” III, 44.

Bacteria, action of light, I, 465–6.

Baer, C. von, formula of, and general evolution, I, 35, II, 137–8.

Bail, prison discipline, III, 180–7.

Baillie-Cochrane, Mr., on Munich prison, III, 172.

Bain, A.: Emotions and the Will, I, 241–64; Mental and Moral Science, I, 332; classification of sciences, II, 105–17; on logic, II, 105–6; mathematics, II, 106–7; incongruities, II, 463.

Balfour, F. M.: on invagination, I, 452; development of nervous system, I, 454.

Ball, embryological analogy, I, 452.

Balloon, reason for ascent, I, 427.

Ballot, Carlyle on, III, 300.

Balzac, H. de, quoted, II, 364.

Bank notes: forgery, III, 134; issue, III, 349–50, 352, 355.

Bank of England: advances by, III, 330–5, 335–47; note issue, III, 349–50.

Bankers, local integration, I, 103.

Banking: morals of trade, III, 131–7; accommodation bills, III, 133–7; evolution, III, 255–6.

Bankruptcy: morals of trade, III, 129–31; and Bank of England, III, 330–2, 341; evils of law, III, 438–9.

Banks: State tamperings, III, 326–57; joint-stock, III, 347–54; and free-trade, III, 355–7; and government, III, 425–7.

Barbadoes, sugar, III, 122.

Barnacle goose, myth of, II, 162.

Barometer: action, I, 426; scientific knowledge, II, 3, 5.

Baron, the title, III, 15, 28.

Barracks, malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 233, 257.

Barristers: and traders, III, 139; number in parliament, III, 298, 303, 304.

Barter, and measures, II, 46; (see also Exchange.)

Bas-relief, increase in heterogeneity, I, 26, 27.

Beats, acoustical, II, 169–70.

Beauty: officialism, I, 335–6; and use, II, 370–4; personal, II, 387–99.

Bees: sex of, I, 48; analogy for distribution of nebulæ, I, 114.

Beethoven, L. von: heredity, I, 406; Adelaïde of, II, 447.

Beliefs: and pedigree, I, 108; different meaning of, II, 188–91, 193, 222.

Berkeley, Bishop, subject and object, II, 329.

Berlin: English enterprise, III, 278; water supply, III, 429.

Bills of accommodation, morals of banking, III, 133–7.

Biluchis, robbery, III, 218, 221.

Biology: increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35; multiplication of effects, I, 46–53; concrete science, II, 89–92; deals with aggregates, II, 103; Bain on classification, II, 109–11; origin of species, II, 131; evolution of science, II, 153; universality of law, II, 159; organic matter and incident forces, II, 177; organic dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, 405.

Birds: in newly discovered lands, I, 255–6; use and disuse, I, 418; colour as illustrating propositions, II, 205–8; muscular excitement, II, 400, 403; origin of music, II, 428; evolution, II, 438.

Black horse, the phrase, II, 340.

Blacksmith, arm and heredity, I, 475.

Blackstone, Sir Wm., persons ineligible for parliament, III, 296.

Blister: effect on walking, I, 403; action of medicine, I, 448.

Blood: multiplication of effects, I, 47; nutrition and growth, I, 289; function and supply, I, 290; social analogy, I, 291–8; mental mass and bodily state, I, 354.

Board-meetings, railway, III, 77–80.

Bondage, from freedom to, III, 445–70.

Bones: evolution and ratio of, I, 17; weight in duck, I, 417–8; water hen, I, 418.

Bookkeeping: railway, III, 59; officialism, III, 253.

Books, serial arrangement, II, 28.

Botany: classification, II, 64; discovery of laws, II, 150.

Bow, the obeisance, III, 18, 19.

Braid, morals of trade, III, 119.

Brain: effect on viscera, I, 290; analogy to parliament, I, 302–5; mental and bodily mass, I, 353–4; size of jaw, I, 397; embryo development, I, 454.

Bribery: of buyers, III, 114–8; of juries, III, 396.

Bricks: position of falling, I, 99; and building, III, 239; tax on, III, 243.

British Association, and government, III, 436.

British Quarterly Review, criticism, II, 267–301, 315–20.

Bronze, multiplication of effects, I, 55–6.

Brown-Séquard, E., epilepsy in guinea pigs, I, 415–6.

Builders, strike of, III, 363–4, 365, 383.

Buildings Acts: failure, III, 239, 240–1, 275; displacements caused by, III, 281; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301.

Bull-dog, jaws of, I, 401.

Burial, primitive ideas, III, 6–11.

Buyers, in clothing trades, III, 114–8.

Cabet, S., Icarian colony, III, 457.

Cabs: officialism, III, 250; in New York, III, 291; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 302.

Cadence, defined, II, 422.

Caird, Rev. Princ., reply to criticism, II, 219–21.

Calculus: implies absolute equality, II,38; classification of sciences, II, 84; evolution, II, 156.

Cambium, in plants, I, 450.

Cambrian system, thickness, I, 231.

Campbell, G., on style, II, 338–9.

Canals: first English, III, 257; officialism, III, 267.

Candles: multiplication of effects, I, 37; morals of trade, III, 128; Price’s school, III, 256.

Cannibalism, in Fiji, III, 217–8.

Cannon ball, disintegration, I, 436.

Caoutchouc, effects of, I, 58.

Capital: direction of flow, III, 101–3, 264; amount of railway, III, 108; relative and absolute ethics, III, 155–7; State tamperings with, III, 326–35, 335–47.

Captains, certificated, of ships, III, 241.

Caradoc sandstone, age, I, 201.

Carat, a small bean, II, 44.

Carboniferous system, origin, I, 237.

Carlyle, Thomas: on people, III, 293; the ballot, III, 300; the real rulers, III, 316–7; quotation from Heroes and Hero-worship, II, 357.

Carpenter, W. B., evolution and paleontology, I, 16.

Carus, P., on Kantian ethics, III, 206–7.

Castles: use and beauty, II, 371; situation, II, 376.

Cat, muscular excitement, II, 400–1, 403.

Catalepsy, belief in spirits, I, 311–2.

Caterpillar, mistake by, I, 419.

Causation: establishment of belief, I, 109; ignorance of, III, 487–92.

Cause: multiplication of effects, I, 37; consciousness of, II, 127; proportionality to effect, II, 300–1, 302–5, 305–7, 310–11, 318–20.

Cell, doctrine of, I, 442–3.

Centralization, French, III, 268.

Cerebrum, consciousness of, rep­re­sen­ta­tive, I, 303.

Ceremony: increase of heterogeneity, I, 20–1; evolution, III, 11–6, 23, 50; obeisances, III, 17–22; primitive man, III, 24; Chinese, III, 25; evolution of governments, III, 27–8, 50.

Cerney springs, III, 387–92.

Chaldeans, prediction of eclipses, II, 48–9.

Chalk, complexity of, III, 195–6.

Chancery: rules, III, 232; malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 247, 272; dread of, III, 396.

Change: pleasure of, III, 454; universal, III, 458–60.

Charity, and government, III, 434.

Charlotte, The, naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 234.

Cheek-bones, personal beauty, I, 390–2.

Cheltenham, water supply, III, 387–92.

Chemistry: multiplication of effects, I, 43–5, 59; unstable equilibrium, I, 83; organic evolution, I, 83–4; complexity of elements, I, 155–9, 371–4; organic synthesis, I, 374; genesis, II, 51, 58, 60; galvanic electricity, II, 61; classification, II, 64; abstract concrete science, II, 85–8; terrestrial evolution, II, 95–9; deals with properties, II, 102, 103; Bain on classification, II, 107–11; elements, II, 195; development, II, 423.

Cheques (see Money).

Chesil Beach, size of stones, I, 432.

Chicken, evolution of mind, I, 377.

Chiefs: dif­fer­en­tia­tion, I, 284–5; duties and individual nervous system, I, 299–307; primitive belief in spirits, I, 344.

Children: emotions and expression, I, 339–50; lack generalization, I, 354; and traits of savage, I, 355; mental variability, I, 356–7; impulsiveness, I, 358; vocabulary, II, 336; poor law and illegitimate, III, 244; old and new education, III, 277.

China, manners and fashion, III, 25.

Chisholme, Mrs., colonization society, III, 258.

Cholera, private and state enterprise, III, 238–9.

Chopin, F., character, II, 417.

Chrysalis, transformations, II, 163.

Church: dif­fer­en­tia­tion from State, I, 21; officialism, III, 251, 252; corn laws, III, 361; franchise and rates, III, 362.

Circle, relation to hyperbola, I, 5.

Circulars, morals of trade, III, 123–4.

Cirrhipedia, classification, I, 248.

Civilization, development of sympathy, II, 425.

Classification: psychology and analysis, I, 245–57; historical, I, 248; non-linear of sciences, II, 27–9; recognition of likeness and unlikeness, II, 29–31, 34; and language, II, 31–3, 40; and reasoning, II, 33, 34, 40; genesis of science, II, 63–5, 72; (See also Sciences, Classification of the.)

Clearing house, banker’s, III, 425.

Climate: increase of heterogeneity, I, 13–4, 35; and paleontological evidence, I, 221–4.

Coach: and railway travelling, III, 110–2; Palmer, III, 441.

Coats of arms, derivation, I, 28.

Cognitions, defined, I, 261–2, II, 241.

Coleridge, S. T., sonnet quoted, II, 352.

Colligation, the word, II, 368–9.

Colloids, evolution of life, I, 374.

Comets, origin, direction and constitution, I, 125–8, 153, 177–8.

Common sense: judgment of reason, II, 243–4; anomalies, III, 401–4, 445.

Companies (see Joint-stock companies.)

Comparative Psychology (see Psychology.)

Compass, faulty Admiralty, III, 234, 252.

Competition: effect of railway, III, 97, 106–7; effects, III, 448–9; American, III, 487–92.

Comte, A.: classification of sciences, II, 15–29; mathematics, II, 15–19; astronomy, II, 21–3; progress of mathematics, II, 56; on gravitation, II, 65, 66; on education, II, 72, 133; Littré on classification of, II, 74–6; abstract and concrete science, II, 79; science and positivism, II, 118–22, 128, 139; origin of knowledge, II, 122–5; propositions of, II, 125–32; and social statics, II, 134–7; Mill on philosophy, II, 143; Fouillée on, II, 143–4; progress from simple to complex, II, 147; positivism rejected by Mr. Spencer, II, 221.

Concrete: precedes abstract, I, 323; definition, II, 78.

Conduct (see Morals.)

Conglomerate, origin, I, 444.

Conic sections, relation of circle to hyperbola, I, 5.

Conscience: corporate and individual, III, 61–2; Kant on human, III, 192; Lubbock, III, 192–3; and duty, III, 210–1.

Consciousness, the phrase, state of, II, 326–7.

Conservatism: and social state, I, 356; of women, I, 363; Emerson on, III, 35; effects, III, 43–4.

Contract: principle of, III, 90, 108; and expediency, III, 95–6; railway proprietary, III, 108–12; enforcement in Spain, III, 218; effect of breaches, III, 220; State to enforce, III, 334, 336.

Contractors: sociological division of labour, I, 106; railway, III, 72–4, 83, 88, 108.

Contrast: in literature and art, II, 373–4; in music, II, 444, 446.

Convicts (see Prison Ethics.)

Coöperation: needful to social life, III, 450; voluntary, III, 450–1; compulsory, III, 451–4; and socialism, III, 454–6.

Copernicus, N., solar theory, I, 193.

Copula, arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.

Corn laws: rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 294; and clergy, III, 361.

Corporations, rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 289.

Correlation, organic, I, 96–101.

Costume: and political opinion, III, 1–5, 30; reform and custom, III, 30–6, 36–7; development, III, 447.

Cotton: industry and locality, I, 104; manufacture, II, 68.

Counterpoint, origin of music, II, 448.

Counties, social development, I, 288.

Courage, emotional expression, I, 343–50.

Crabs, of Kentucky caves, I, 400–1, 402.

Creation (see Special creation.)

Credit, State tamperings with money, III, 326–35, 335–47.

Creed: fatal to science, I, 463; use and beauty, II, 371.

Criminals (see Prison Ethics.)

Critical point, of gases, I, 164–7.

Critics, faith in, II, 322.

Crofton, Captain, prison discipline, III, 186.

Cromwell, O., and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 315–6.

Croshek, the name, I, 313.

Crosse, A. F., on Hungarian music, II, 449.

Croydon, board of health, III, 241.

Crustacea, integration, I, 68–71.

Cubit, length of, II, 43, 44.

Curiosity, comparative psychology, I, 364–5.

Curtsy, obeisance, III, 18–9.

Custom: and political opinion, III, 1–5, 30; Eastern, III, 25; and reform, III, 30–6, 36–7; effect on railways, III, 110–2.

Cuvier, Baron de, organic correlation, I, 96–101.

D’Alembert, J. le R., composition of forces, II, 24.

Damaras, ethics of the, III, 193.

Dancing: origin and dif­fer­en­tia­tion, I, 30–2; grace in, II, 381, 382; and pleasure, II, 402; evolution, II, 441.

Darwin, Charles: natural selection of one variation, I, 407, 421; natural selection and heredity, I, 408–12, 421; on E. Darwin, I, 417; inheritance of functionally produced changes, I, 417–21, 422; origin of music, II, 426–37; on the phrase natural selection, I, 429; effect of changed conditions, I, 433.

Darwin, Dr. E., organic evolution, I, 390–1, 397.

Davy, Sir H., chemical elements, III, 195.

Dawn, as name, I, 318, 319, 324.

Death: primitive ideas, III, 6; punishment and associations, III, 158, 187; duty and inclination, III, 212, 213, 215; rate in barracks, III, 257; improvement in rate, III, 447.

Deduction: and physiology, I, 77–81, 107; qualitative and quantitative science, II, 7.

Deer, growth of horns, I, 393.

Defoe, D., Complete English Tradesman, III, 141.

Deities, primitive ideas, III, 6–11, 12.

De la Beche, Sir H., paleontological evidence, I, 205.

Democracy, change inaugurated, III, 49.

Desire, associated with talent, I, 54.

Despotism: and social state, I, 268, III, 313; and anarchy, III, 159; and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 309–10.

Development: hypothesis, I, 1–7; relation to function, I, 63–4; (see also Evolution.)

Devonian System, age of, I, 203–5, 210.

Dewar, Prof., complexity of elements, I, 162.

Differentiation, sociological, I, 102–7.

Directors: and railway companies, III, 52–63, 69; and shareholder’s interests, III, 82–8, 108; morals of banking, III, 131–7.

Disease: multiplication of effects, I, 47; dissimilar effects, I, 100; beliefs about, II, 153; criminality, III, 167; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301, 304; body and nerve functions, III, 419–22, 443.

Distribution, individual and social, I, 291–8.

Dividends, railway, III, 57, 98.

Division of labour: multiplication of effects, I, 53–8; sociological, I, 105–6, 292–3, III, 323; illustrations and growth, I, 266; social and individual nervous system, I, 299–307; progress of science, II, 24–7.

Dixon, T. H., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, 176.

Dogs: size of jaws, I, 398–400, 401, 422; use and disuse, I, 469–71; simile of Hodgson, II, 231–3; gracefulness, II, 381, 385; muscular excitement, II, 400, 403; origin of music, II, 428.

Don, the title, III, 14.

Downes, Dr., on light and protoplasm, I, 465–6.

Drama: cause of laughter, II, 461; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301.

Draper, honesty and bankruptcy, III, 129–31.

Drawing, comparative psychology, I, 366.

Dreams, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.

Dress: and political opinion, III, 1–5, 30; custom and reform, III, 30–6, 36–7; and extravagance, III, 36–7; and enjoyment, III, 40–6.

Drunkenness, and temperance, III, 446.

Duck, weight of bones, I, 417–8.

Duty: Kant and pursuit of happiness, III, 207–9; and inclination, III, 209–13.

Dyeing, morals of trade, III, 125.

Dymond, J., Principles of Morality, I, 346.

Dynamics, Comte’s classification, II, 19.

Ear, embryological development, I, 454.

Earth: increase in heterogeneity, I, 11–4, 35; rotatory movement, I, 135, 136; number of satellites, I, 139; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52; size, I, 145; paleontology and motion, I, 221–4; laws of motion, II, 272, 283–8; (see also Geology.)

Ease, and grace, II, 382.

East Indies, effects of upheaval, I, 49–52.

Echoes, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.

Eclipse, prediction of, II, 48.

Ectoderm: development, I, 284; social and individual analogy, I, 298–9; dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, 405.

Education: comparative psychology, I, 370; development of science, II, 72; Comte’s views, II, 133; and conservatism, III, 43; old and new, III, 277; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301; parliamentary reform, III, 375–9; and government, III, 435–6; development, III, 446, 459–60; American, III, 475–6.

Effect: proportionality to cause, II, 300–1, 302–5, 305–7, 310–11, 318–20; relation to cause, III, 487–92.

Egg, evolution of mind, I, 377.

Egyptians: language and painting, I, 25–6; sculpture, I, 26–7, 29, 30; music, I, 32.

Electricity: multiplication of effects, I, 59; genesis of galvanic, II, 61; Whewell on progress of theory, II, 62; abstract-concrete science, II, 88; mode of molecular motion, II, 126; what is? 168–72, 186–7; also thermo-, II, 172–6; statical and molecular motion, II, 180–3, 186–7; induction, II, 183; voltaic and molecular motion, II, 183–4, 186–7.

Elements, complexity of, I, 155–9, 162, 371–4.

Ell, the measure, II, 44.

Ellipse, relation to circle, I, 5.

Embryo: relation to adult, I, 6; early changes in, I, 445; development, I, 451–8.

Embryology: increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9; multiplication of effects, I, 48; organic correlation, I, 97; importance of, II, 8–9; von Baer’s formula, II, 137–8.

Emerson, R. W.: Lectures on the Times, II, 354; use and ornament, II, 370; on conservatism, III, 35.

Emotion: Bain’s definition, I, 258–60; defined, I, 262; of beauty, I, 335–6; relation to idea, I, 336; expression in children, I, 339–50; and intellect, I, 353, II, 465; sexual sentiment, I, 363–4; sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7; poetry and effect on language, II, 357–61; demonstration of, II, 401–3; nervous and muscular system, II, 453–8; physiology of laughter, II, 458–64; waste, repair, and language, II, 361–7; and health, III, 481.

Empiricism: reasoning of, II, 201–5; test of truth, II, 214–7.

Endoderm: development, I, 284; dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, 405.

Endymion, the myth, I, 326, 327.

Energy, conservation and persistence of force, II, 295.

Engel, Carl, on ancient music, II, 414.

Engineers: and railways, III, 68–72, 83, 88, 108; society, III, 362–3, 365; English and French, III, 427–8.

Engines, dissimilarity of similar, I, 99.

England: government in, I, 302–5; enterprise in, III, 278–80; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government in, III, 305–9, 318–9; militancy and industrialism, III, 416; political liberty, III, 445.

English language: words, II, 336–8; Latin and Greek words, II, 367–9.

Entomology, insect transformations, II, 163.

Epiblast, development, I, 452–3.

Epilepsy: belief in spirits, I, 311–2; in guinea pigs, I, 415–6.

Equality: relations of likeness, I, 35–7, 40; quantitative prevision, II, 41–9; and barter, II, 46; and mechanics, II, 50; and law, II, 52; and astronomy, II, 53; hydrostatics, II, 57; optics, II, 57; acoustics, II, 57; dynamics, II, 58.

Equity (see Justice.)

Esquire, the title, III, 13, 28, 32.

Ethics: use and disuse, I, 463–5; of lower races, II, 192–5; Quarterly Review criticisms, II, 259–65; absolute politics, III, 217–28; (see also Kant, Morality, Morals, Prison Ethics.)

Euclid: test of necessity, II, 198; axioms, II, 282–3.

Evidence, valuation of, II, 161–7.

Evolution: and special creation, I, 1–7; of solar system, I, 128–31; law of elements, I, 156; Hugh Miller on, I, 219; geological record, I, 226–32, 232–40; emotional, I, 250–7; of mind, I, 263, 376–8; of animal worship, I, 329; comparative psychology of man, I, 352; mental and bodily mass, 353–4; rate of mental, I, 355; mental variability, I, 356–7; impulsiveness, I, 357–9; Martineau on, I, 371–88; complexity of elements, I, 371–4; of life from not life, I, 374–5; plants and animals indistinguishable, I, 375–6; the word, I, 380; and originating mind, I, 381–6; materialism, I, 386–8; and catastrophism in geology, I, 389–90; Dr. Darwin and Lamarck, I, 390–1,397; and reproductive system, I, 409, 412, 422–5; summary on use and disuse, I, 421–5; effect of conditions, I, 427–35; of life, I, 458–60, 460–2; Huxley on, I, 462–3; terrestrial, II, 94–9; von Baer’s formula, II, 137–8; outline of synthetic philosophy, II, 140–2; advance in complexity of science, II, 150–7; Quarterly Reviewer on, II, 261–5; Prof. Tait on, II, 274–5; relation of thoughts to things, II, 320; Prof. Green on, II, 323; limitation of traits, II, 438; of musical scales, II, 440–1; of dancing, II, 441; of music, II, 448–9; Kant and, III, 197–9, 206–7; and Kantian assumptions, III, 203–6, 206–7; officialism, III, 255; individual and social, III, 263–5; railways, III, 266; language, III, 402–3; universal, III, 458; industrialism, III, 459; education, III, 459–60; prospective, III, 491–2.

Exchange: origin, I, 54, II, 46; State tamperings with money, III, 326–35, 335–47.

Exchequer bills, and Bank of England, III, 331.

Excitement, poetry and effect on language, II, 357–61.

Excluded middle, law of, II, 191–2.

Expediency: doctrine of, III, 95–6; relative and absolute ethics, III, 152–7, 188, 333; and penal code, III, 159–63, 188.

Experience hypothesis: origin of knowledge, II, 122–5; reasoning of empiricism, II, 201–5; consciousness of object, II, 211–4; and a priori truths, II, 287–8.

Extravagance: and fashion, III, 36–7; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 290–1; good for trade, III, 293.

Eyes: position in development, I, 71–2, 454; brighter from good news, II, 402.

Factors of organic evolution, I, 389–478.

Faculties, exhausted by exercise, II, 361–7.

Fainting, belief in spirits, I, 311–2.

Farming, by owner and bailiff, III, 246.

Fashion: origin, III, 28; extravagance of, III, 36–7; social intercourse and pleasure, III, 36–46; need of change, III, 46–51; prospect, III, 51.

Father, the title, III, 12, 13, 21.

Faye, M.: solar constitution, I, 182; solar spots, I, 183–4, 188–9.

Feathers, structure and function, I, 392.

Features, and personal beauty, II, 387–99.

Feelings: definition, I, 262–4; evolution, I, 263–4; indications of, II, 400–3; loudness of voice, II, 404–5; also timbre, II, 405, 411; and pitch, II, 406, 411; and intervals, II, 406–9, 411; variability of pitch, II, 409, 411; emphasis and time in music, II, 412–3; relation of music to sympathy, II, 424–6; nervous and muscular system, II, 453–8.

Feet, obeisance of uncovering, III, 17.

Fetichism, political, III, 393–400.

Figures of speech, II, 350–5.

Fiji: ethics in, III, 193; life in, III, 217–8, 221.

Fingers: heredity and number, I, 413–4, 475; and memory, II, 465.

Fire, indirect effects, III, 242.

First Principles: Martineau on, II, 250–8; data of philosophy, II, 286.

Fish: evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7; temperature, I, 75, 76; self-mobility, I, 76; paleontological remains, I, 227, 235, 240; eating of, III, 47; anomalies, III, 401.

Flint implements, discovery, I, 413.

Flocculi, appearance of nebulæ, I, 118–25.

Food: absorption and deductive biology, I, 77–81; for the dead, I, 311–2; nutrition, III, 408; and government, III, 423–4.

Foot, the measure, II, 44.

Force: cognition of its persistence, II, 269, 275; Tait on central forces, II, 290–3; persistence and conservation of energy, II, 295; relation to motion, II, 310–4.

Forgery, III, 134.

Forms of thought, consciousness of object, II, 211–4.

Fossils (see Paleontology.)

Fouillée, Alfred, on Comte’s philosophy, II, 143–4.

Fowls, use and disuse, I, 418.

France: English and French sheep, II, 396, 398; agriculture and officialism, III, 267–8; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 318–9, 320; paper currency, III, 345; liberty in, III, 381; banks in, III, 426; engineering, III, 427–8.

Franchise (see Parliamentary Reform.)

Freedom: manners and customs, III, 30–6, 36–7, 46–51; to bondage, III, 445–70; loss of American, III, 473–4, 477, 478–9.

Free trade: effects on industry, I, 22–3; and officialism, III, 268–70; and banking, III, 356.

Friendly societies, and individualism, III, 433–4.

Frog, reflex action, II, 308.

Fugue, origin, I, 33.

Function: relation to growth, I, 63–4; and to integration of parts, I, 73; and to structure, I, 249.

Galactic circle, nebular distribution, I, 112.

Galton, F., English Men of Science, I, 360.

Ganglia (see Nervous System.)

Gas: heat and liquifaction, I, 164–7; English enterprise, III, 278.

Gastrula stage, of embryos, I, 452, 457.

General: Comte’s use of word, II, 20; definition, II, 79.

Generalization: universal tendency, I, 192; absent in children, I, 354; comparative psychology, I, 365–6.

Generosity, comparative psychology, I, 368.

Genius: literary style, II, 365–7; non-recognition, III, 299–300.

Geology: special creation and evolution, I, 6–7; increase in heterogeneity, I, 11–4, 14–7, 35; life and multiplication of effects, I, 39–46, 49–53; illogical, I, 192–240; evolution of, I, 192–8; Wernerian, I, 194–7; Huttonian, I, 195–7; age of systems, I, 198–205; and paleontological evidence, I, 205–12; past and present changes, I, 212–8; Hugh Miller’s doctrines, I, 218–20; breaks in record, I, 220–6, 226–32, 232–40; original object of Geological Society, I, 241; catastrophism and evolution, I, 389–90; genesis, II, 60; concrete science, II, 89–92; terrestrial evolution, II, 95–9; deals with aggregates, II, 100; English map, II, 257; (see also Earth.)

Geometry: Comte’s classification, II, 16–21; origin, II, 40, 151; genesis, II, 48–50, 59; genesis of trigonometry, II, 55–6; interdependence of science and art, II, 69; and abstract science, II, 79–80; classification of sciences, II, 84; the name, II, 113, 115; evolution, II, 155; test of necessity, II, 198–200.

Gerard, E., Hungarian music, II, 450–1.

Gesticulation, and language, II, 335.

Ghost: the word misleading, I, 311; outline of theory, III, 8.

Giraffe, correlation of parts, I, 402–5.

Glück, C. W. von, Handel on, II, 448.

Gnomon, use, II, 53–4.

God: belief in personal, II, 223; primitive ideas, III, 6–11, 12, 23.

Gold: digging for, and evolution, III, 264; efflux of, III, 341–3; (see also Money.)

Good, meaning of word, III, 202.

Gothic, allied to vegetative style, II, 376, 377, 378.

Gould, J., on colour of birds, I, 433.

Gout, and heredity, II, 395.

Government: dif­fer­en­tia­tion of, I, 21; ideal society, II, 131–2; evolution and divergence of, III, 22, 24–30, 50; criminal code, III, 157; what is rep­re­sen­ta­tive government good for? III, 283–325; belief in English, III, 284; flaws, &c., III, 284–91; selection of rep­re­sen­ta­tives, III, 291–300; individualism and the state, III, 416–37, 442–4; and food supply, III, 423–4; banks, III, 425–6; engineering, III, 427–8; water supply, III, 429; art and literature, III, 430–1; and churches, III, 434; charity, III, 434; education, III, 435–6; railways, III, 437; post-office, III, 440–2; (see also Over-legislation.)

Gracefulness, II, 381–6.

Grand, the word great, II, 368.

Granite: metamorphism, I, 229; at Philæ, I, 437.

Gravitation: Newton and law of, II, 26–7; discovery of laws, II, 148.

Great, and the word grand, II, 367–9.

Great Western Railway: versus Rushout, III, 94; and South Western, III, 97–8; and North Western, III, 107.

Greece: sculpture, I, 27, 30; dancing, I, 31; poetry, I, 31; music, I, 33; architecture, II, 376, 377, 378; personal beauty, II, 391–3; early poems, II, 414–8.

Greek language: Latin and English words, II, 367–9; sociology and knowledge of, III, 377.

Green, Prof. T. H., criticism, II, 322–32.

Greenwich Hospital, funds, III, 398.

Greyhounds, use and disuse in, I, 469–71.

Grief, voice of, II, 405.

Grocers, morals of trade, III, 121–3.

Grotz, A., on science and religion, II, 225.

Growth: relation to activity, I, 63–4; various forms, I, 65–7; social, I, 265–9, 306.

Guinea pigs, epilepsy in, I, 415–6.

Guizot, M.: social aggregation, I, 282; and specialization, I, 287; political machinery, III, 276, 399.

Gulliver, L., an imaginary, on English institutions, III, 305–9.

Gurney, E., on origin of music, II, 437–43.

Habit (see Heredity.)

Hair: and political opinion, III, 1–5; obeisance of offering, III, 21; colour of American, III, 482.

Hallo! intonation of, II, 407.

Hamburg, currency, III, 339.

Hamilton, Sir W.: on space, II, 191–2; the word belief, II, 222–3; Grotz on, II, 225; necessity of causation, II, 320; (see also Mill.)

Hampstead Heath, II, 370.

Hand: the measure, II, 44; ribbing of skin, I, 448; rubbing together of hands, II, 402.

Handel, G. F., on Glück, II, 448.

Happiness, Kant and pursuit of, III, 207–9; (see also Kant.)

Harmony, origin of music, II, 448.

Harp, strings in ancient, II, 415.

Harris, Mr., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, 176.

Hastings, railway service, II, 97.

Hat, obeisance of removal, III, 20, 27, 47.

Hayward, R. B., criticism, II, 307–14.

Head: obeisance of uncovering, III, 20; putting dust on, III, 21.

Health: and criminality, III, 167; failure of boards of, III, 241, 248, 290; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301, 304; body and nerve functions, III, 419–22, 443; and feeling, III, 481; in America, III, 482, 483–4.

Heart.: integration, I, 67; disease, I, 410–11; effect of emotion, II, 454, 455, 464; and nervous system, III, 420–1.

Heat: multiplication of effects, I, 37, 38, 39, 47, 59; terrestrial effects of diminishing, I, 40–6; cause of heterogeneity, I, 82; nebular change, I, 118; liquefaction of gases, I, 164–7; terrestrial motion and paleontological evidence, I, 221–4; rock metamorphism, I, 229–30, 232; action on bodies, I, 436; genesis of science, II, 62, 63; abstract concrete science, II, 88; what is thermo-electricity? II, 172–6; effect on compound molecules, II, 178–80, 186; insensible motion, II, 266–8, 276.

Hegel, G. W. F.: “to philosophize on Nature,” II, 10, 11; classification of sciences, II, 12–5.

Heraldry, and manners and fashion, III, 26, 27–8.

Heredity: the general law, I, 64, 103, 104; organic development, I, 90–2; moral sentiments, I, 338; effect of sex, I, 362; size of jaw, I, 397–400, 422; musical faculty, I, 406–7; natural selection, I, 408–12; functional modifications, I, 415–7; Darwin’s belief in their inheritance, I, 417–21, 422; summary on use and disuse, I, 421–5; also their bearing on ethics, psychology, and sociology, I, 463–5; Duke of Argyll’s criticism, I, 467–78; personal beauty, II, 387–99; officialism, III, 255.

Hero-worship, III, 317.

Herr, the title, III, 14.

Herschel, Sir J.: Magellanic clouds, I, 116–7; form of nebulæ, I, 122, 124; variation of terrestrial temperature, I, 222, 223; complexity of elements, I, 372; cause and effect, II, 306, 319.

Herschel, Sir W.: on nebulous matter, I, 110; stellar magnitude and distance, I, 115; stellar genesis, I, 129; solar surface, I, 185, 187.

Heterogeneity: increase in, displayed by astronomy, I, 10–11, 35; geology, I, 11–14, 35; meteorology, I, 13–4, 35; biology, I, 14–7, 35; man, I, 17–9, 35; society, I, 19–23, 35; ceremony, I, 20–1; religion, I, 20–3; language, I, 23–6; writing, I, 24–6; the arts, I, 24–30; poetry, music and drama, I, 30–2; literature and science, I, 34–5; development, I, 67; (see also Multiplication of Effects.)

History, measure of time, II, 45–9.

Hobbes, T., commonwealth of, I, 270–2.

Hodgson, S. H.: criticism of, II, 225–34; reply to Prof. Green, II, 321–2, 329.

Homogeneous: instability of the, I, 81–4, 459–60; orderly heterogeneity, I, 84–93.

Honesty: in trade and bankruptcy, III, 129–31, 138; of lower races, III, 194; state tamperings with money, III, 326–35, 335–47; and social grade, III, 359; and officialism, III, 397.

Hornbills, head excrescences of, I, 392.

Horns, evolution of, I, 395.

Horse, the phrase black, II, 340.

Hoskins, G. A., on Valencia prison, III, 177–8.

Huguenots, Smiles on the, I, 360.

Humboldt, A. von, distribution of nebulæ, I, 113, 114, 115.

Hume, D.: subject and object, II, 329; law codification, III, 258.

Hungary, music in, II, 449.

Hutton, James, geological theory, I, 195, 197.

Hutton, Richard H., “a questionable parentage for morals,” I, 331–50.

Huxley, T. H.: evolution and biological heterogeneity, I, 17; organic correlation, I, 96–101; belief in double personality, I, 310; on “Origin of Species,” I, 389–90; on evolution, I, 462–3; a creed fatal to science, I, 463; specialized ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 404–5; endoderm and ectoderm, III, 405; function of parliament, III, 417; and altruism, III, 433; administrative nihilism, III, 438, 442–4.

Hybrids, origin of worship, I, 320–2, 329.

Hydra, the, naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 234.

Hydrogen, liquefaction, I, 160.

Hydrostatics, genesis, II, 57, 59.

Hydrozoa: analogy to social organism, I, 280–3; development, I, 284; circulation, I, 291; nervous system, III, 422.

Hyperbola, relation to circle, I, 5.

Hyperion, verse from, II, 344.

Hypoblast, embryo development, I, 452–3, 455.

Hypothesis, effect on observation, II, 162–7.

Ice, temperature as illustrating propositions, II, 205–8.

Idealism: reasoning of, II, 201; Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.

Ideas: relation to emotions, I, 336–8; comparative psychology, I, 365–6; actual and pseud-, I, 383.

Idols, worship of, III, 393.

Imitativeness, comparative psychology, I, 364.

Impatience, indications of, II, 402.

Impulsiveness, comparative psychology, I, 357–9.

Inclination, and duty, III, 210–1.

Inconceivability, Mill on, II, 193–200.

Incongruities, Bain on, II, 463.

Incuriosity, comparative psychology, I, 364–5.

Indeed! intonation of, II, 408.

India: prisons of, III, 189–91; ethics in, III, 193–5; failure of government, III, 249.

Individual, and the State, III, 416–37, 442–4.

Induction: qualitative and quantitative science, II, 7; electrical, II, 183.

Industrialism: and social organism, III, 412–6; development of, III, 459; and unionism, III, 465; in America, III, 487–92.

Industry: multiplication of effects, I, 53–8; effects of railways, I, 57; boundaries ignored by, I, 289.

Infant: relation to ovum, I, 6; resemblance to uncivilized, I, 18.

Infusoria, cell membrane, I, 441.

Insanity: and heredity, I, 416, II, 396; Pentonville Prison, III, 162; and life, III, 164; and bodily functions, III, 419–20.

Insects: temperature, I, 75; self-mobility, I, 76; mimicry, I, 396; colours of, I, 433; metamorphosis, III, 410.

Intaglio, increase of heterogeneity, I, 26.

Integration: longitudinal and tranverse, I, 67–73; relation to function, I, 73; sociological, I, 102–7.

Intellect, effect of emotion, II, 465.

Intelligence: relation to sexual sentiment, I, 363–4; and authority, III, 311.

Intonation, origin in churches, II, 416.

Invagination, Balfour on, I, 452.

Involution, and evolution, I, 380.

Ireland: prison discipline, III, 174; and bad legislation, III, 275; currency in, III, 337, 344–5; bank of, III, 348.

Irish elk, correlation of parts, I, 402.

Iron: analogy from cutting, I, 97–8; industry and locality, I, 104; complexity of, I, 373.

Isomerism: complexity of elements, I, 155; evolution of life, I, 374–5.

Italy, language, II, 423.

Jam, association of ideas, I, 337.

Jaw: personal beauty, II, 389–90, 391; size, I, 397–400, 473; size of teeth, I, 401; drooping from excitement, II, 464.

Joint-stock companies: history, III, 52, 108; failure of Act, III, 241; importance of, III, 257; malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 286; banking, III, 347–54; regulative system, III, 463.

Jupiter: rotatory movement, I, 135, 136; motion of satellites, I, 137, 141–2; number of satellites, I, 139–40; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52; size, I, 145; luminosity, I, 150; orbit, I, 169.

Juries, bribery of, III, 396.

Justice: re-rep­re­sen­ta­tive sentiment, I, 263; development of sympathy, I, 347–50; comparative psychology, I, 368; and equity, II, 52; and prison ethics, III, 165, 167, 180, 181; political ethics, III, 225, 228; faulty ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 232, 235; over-legislation, III, 272; and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 317–23, 324, 380; duty of state, III, 334; and officialism, III, 395–400; needful to society, III, 469.

Kames, Lord, arrangement of sentences, II, 343.

Kant, I.: forms of thought, II, 77; space and time, II, 226–7, 229–32, III, 197–9; form and matter, II, 230–1, 232; and experientialism, II, 234–5; Max Müller on Spencer and, II, 235–8; Spencer’s disagreement from, II, 238; ethics, III, 192–216; on lower races, III, 192–5; examples of unaided perception, III, 195–7; reasoning of, III, 199–203; space, III, 203, 207; on good will, III, 201–3, 207; and evolution, III, 203–6, 207; Carus on ethics, III, 206–7; pursuit of happiness, III, 207–9; duty and inclination, III, 209–13; ethical principles, III, 213–6.

Kent, W. S., on infusoria, I, 440.

Kepler, J: laws of, I, 36; belief in planetary spirits, I, 108; solar theory, I, 193.

Kid, laughter caused by, II, 461–2.

Kirchhoff, solar spots, I, 187.

Kissing, obeisance of, III, 18.

Kneeling, obeisance of, III, 19.

Knight, the title, III, 15, 28.

Knowledge: common and scientific, II, 1–8, 29; dependent on experience, II, 122; relativity, II, 122, 220–1; and word belief, II, 188–91; Quarterly Reviewer on, II, 260; and reasoning, III, 199, 201; and political ethics, III, 225.

Labour: division of, I, 19–23, 283–91; right to, III, 466.

Lady, the title, III, 14.

Lady of the Lake, quoted, II, 351.

Laing, Mr., on railway construction, III, 105–6.

Lamarck, J. B. P. A. de M., organic evolution, I, 390–1, 397.

Lancashire: cotton industry, I, 266; effect of railway competition, III, 97, 106.

Landowners, railway policy, III, 63–7.

Landscape, appreciation of, I, 335–6.

Language: increase in heterogeneity, I, 23–6, II, 366–7; belief in spirits, I, 311–2; poverty of Australian, I, 315; precedence of concrete nouns, I, 323; comparative psychology, I, 365–6; classification, II, 31–3, 34, 40; Saxon words, II, 336–8; under excitement, and poetry, II, 357–61; emotional waste and repair, II, 361–7; Latin, Greek, and old English, II, 367–9; duality and development, II, 421–3; sociology and knowledge, III, 302; of subordination, III, 312; evolution, III, 402–3.

Lankester, Prof. E. Ray, on heredity, I, 476.

Laplace, P. S. Marquis de: genesis and structure of solar system, I, 128–9, 130, 131; planetary axial movements, I, 132–6; lunar axial motion, I, 141; motion of satellites, I, 142; planetoids, I, 168, 174, 178.

Latham, R. G., on grammar, II, 333.

Latin, Greek and English words, II, 367–9.

Laugel, M., on First Principles, II, 118.

Laughter, physiology of, II, 452–66.

Law: multiplication of effects, I, 37; genesis of science, II, 51; belief in natural, II, 123; conditions affecting discovery, II, 145–8, 148–50; evolution of sciences, II, 150–7; prospective, II, 157–9; universality of, II, 159–60; religion and manners, III, 4, 23; and morality, III, 10–11, 23, 50; for primitive man, III, 24; officialism and reform, III, 252, 258–9; and over-legislation, III, 272; legal verbiage, III, 273; cost, III, 308; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 317–23; knowledge of, and parliamentary reform, III, 375–9; (see also Over-legislation.)

Lawyers: and railways, III, 67–72, 83, 88, 108; in parliament, III, 298, 303, 304.

Leather, morals of trade, III, 123.

Leaves, cells in, I, 446.

Legislation, and social growth, I, 265–9; (see also Over-legislation.)

Length, morals of trade, III, 118–9.

Lepchas, ethics, III, 193, 194.

Liability (see Banks and Joint-Stock Companies).

Liberalism, behaviour of party, III, 464.

Liberty: French idea of, II, 343; traits of reform, III, 30–6; social use, III, 46–51; degree of, for people, III, 381; in America, III, 473–4, 477, 478–9.

Libraries, free, III, 370.

Licensing law, failure, III, 244.

Liebig, J. von, analogy from blood corpuscles, I, 293–4.

Life: evolution from not-life, I, 374–5; plants and animals indistinguishable, I, 375–6; evolution of mind, I, 376–8; survival and degree of, I, 405–8, 421; evolution and action of medium, I, 458–60, 460–2; primitive ideas of, III, 6–11; maintenance and prison ethics, III, 163–71; failure of assurance act, III, 241–2; sociology and knowledge of, III, 304; and pleasure, III, 315; and sociology, III, 325; increase in longevity, III, 447; Mill and Spencer on, III, 485.

Life Drama, quoted, II, 351, 353.

Light: multiplication of effects, I, 37, 38, 39, 59; action on bodies, I, 436; and on protoplasm, I, 465–6; genesis of science, II, 61; polarization, II, 63; effect on molecules, II, 178; perception of white, III, 196; (see also Optics).

Likeness: of classification, II, 29–31, 34; of language, II, 31–3, 34; of reasoning, II, 33–4; of art, II, 34; relation to equality, II, 35–7.

Lindsay, W. S., Admiralty certificate, III, 239.

Literature: increase in heterogeneity, I, 34–5; multiplication of effects, I, 57; use and beauty, II, 371; contrast in, II, 373–4; popularity of authors, III, 299–300; and sociology, III, 376–7; English and continental, III, 430–1.

Littré, E., on Comte’s classification, II, 74–6, 81–3.

Liver: development, I, 106; use and disuse, I, 419.

Liverpool, and Manchester railway, III, 63, 266.

Liverworts, cells in, I, 446.

Locke, J.: and experientialism, II, 234–5; and evolution, II, 237.

Locomotive engine: effects of, I, 56–8; balance weight, II, 383.

Logic: Hegel’s classification, II, 12–5; implies equality, II, 40; abstract science, II, 77, 81–5; terrestrial evolution, II, 99; Bain on relation to psychology, II, 105–6; Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 241; Tristram Shandy on, II, 333.

London: and Birmingham railway, III, 63; New River to, III, 257; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 289; water supply, III, 429.

Lord, the title, III, 12–5, 21.

Love: Darwin and origin of music, II, 426–37; also Gurney, II, 437–43.

Loyalty, and social state, III, 312.

Lubbock, Sir John: derivation of tribal names, I, 314; Origin of Civilization, I, 331; conscience of lower races, III, 192–3; banker’s clearing house, III, 425–6.

Lungs: development, I, 67, 106; use and disuse, I, 419; relation to voice, II, 404–5.

Lyell, Sir C.: age of rocks, I, 204; paleontological evidence, I, 205, 208–12; geological hiatus, I, 220–1; uniformitarianism and geological record, I, 227, 229.

Lyre, increase in heterogeneity, I, 32, II, 415.

Machine, and organism, III, 456–8.

Machinery, disliked by labourers, III, 362, 376.

Macaulay, Lord, on Post-office, III, 441.

Mackintosh, Sir J., on constitutions, I, 265, 269.

MacLennan, J. F., plant and animal worship, I, 308–9, 320.

Maconochie, Captain, “mark” prison system, III, 175–7.

Madam, the title, II, 14, 26.

Magellanic clouds, Sir J. Herschel on, I, 116–7.

Magnetism, abstract concrete science, II, 88.

Magnificent, and the word grand, II, 367–9.

Magnitudes, relation of thought, II, 252–3.

Maize, transformation of, I, 434.

Majority, right of, III, 89, 94.

Mammalia: evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7; increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9; temperature, I, 75, 76; self-mobility, I, 76; organic correlation, I, 97; paleontological remains, I, 227, 238, 240; imitation of evolution, II, 438.

Mammary glands, evolution, I, 395.

Man: increase in heterogeneity, I, 17–9, 35; multiplication of effects, I, 52–3; traits of primitive, III, 24.

Manchester, electors in, III, 385.

Manners: and fashion, III, 1–51; evolution of ceremonies, III, 11–6, 23, 50; origin, III, 28; Swift on, III, 44.

Mansel, Dean H. L.: criticism, II, 221–5; Grotz on, II, 225.

Marchantia, cells in, I, 446.

Mariana, quoted, II, 356.

Marmion, quoted, II, 343.

Mars: rotatory motion, I, 135, 136; number of satellites, I, 139–40; and motion, I, 142; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Marsupialia, integration, I, 69–70.

Martineau, Rev. J.: on evolution, I, 371–88; criticism, II, 250–8.

Master, the title, III, 15, 16.

Materialism, and evolution, I, 386–8.

Mathematics: things learnt, II, 1; Oken on, II, 10–11; Comte’s classification, II, 16–21; implies equality, II, 40; genesis, II, 48–50; abstract science, II, 77, 84–5; terrestrial evolution, II, 99; deals with relations, II, 102, 103; Bain on nature of, II, 105–6; origin, II, 151; evolution, II, 156; ultimate truths, II, 283; exact science, III, 199–200; and political ethics, III, 225; mental development, III, 255; and sociology, III, 303, 305.

Matter: discovery of laws, II, 148; inscrutable, II, 247; Martineau’s criticism, II, 257; properties, II, 277, 315–6.

Mayer, J., as physicist, II, 269, 314.

Measurement: origin of weight, II, 43–5; of time, II, 45–6.

Mechanics: Comte’s classification, II, 19; genesis, II, 50, 56, 59; abstract concrete science, II, 85–8,101; terrestrial evolution, II, 97; Bain on science classification, II, 112; science classification, II, 117; origin, II, 151; evolution, II, 155, 156; real and ideal, III, 222–3.

Mechanics’ Institutes, rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 286.

Medicine, association of ideas, I, 337.

Medusa, vascular system, I, 79.

Megœra, naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 234.

Melbourne, the, and Admiralty certificate, III, 239.

Memory: and test of truth, II, 215; and emotion, II, 465.

Mendelejeff, D., complexity of elements, I, 155.

Mendelssohn-Bartholdy, F., character, II, 417.

Mercantile Marine Act, failure of, III, 260, 276, 295.

Mercury: rotatory movement, I, 135, 136; number of satellites, I, 139; density, I, 144; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Mesoblast, embryo development, I, 453, 455.

Metallurgy, genesis, II, 51.

Metamorphic rocks, age, I, 198.

Metamorphosis, universal, III, 458–60.

Metaphor, and simile, II, 352–4.

Metaphysics: Comte on, II, 123; reasoning of, II, 201–5; relation to physics, II, 268.

Metaphyta, origin, I, 444.

Metazoa: origin, I, 444; embryo development, I, 451–8.

Meteorology: increase in heterogeneity of climates, I, 13–4, 35; effect of American subsidence, I, 43; concrete science, II, 92.

Meteors: constitution of comets, I, 127; origin, I, 174–7.

Metonymy, effectiveness, II, 350.

Mettray, reformatory, III, 173.

Militancy: political ethics, III, 227–8; and industrialism, III, 416; in America, III, 484.

Milky way, distribution of nebulæ, I, 112.

Mill, J. S.: letter on morals to, I, 333; classification of science, II, 114; on Comte’s philosophy, II, 143; on Hamilton and word belief, II, 188–91; noumenal existence, II, 191–2; inconceivable and unbelievable, II, 193–200; test of necessity, II, 196; general agreement with, II, 217; on the State and banks, III, 348, 357; on life, III, 485.

Miller, Hugh: life and doctrines, I, 218–20; terrestrial life, I, 220.

Mimicry: of savages, I, 364; evolution, I, 396.

Mineralogy, and classification, II, 64, 92, 108.

Mind (see Psychology.)

Missionaries, development, III, 458–9.

Mivart, Prof. St. George, genesis of species, I, 332.

Mole, pelvis in, I, 97.

Molecules, mutual action and electricity, II, 178–84, 184–7.

Molesworth, Sir W., on buildings acts, III, 240.

Mollusca: great age of, I, 217; circulation, I, 296.

Molluscoida, social analogy, I, 281.

Monaclinæ, cell membrane, I, 440.

Monarchy, and rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 309–10, 310–7, 317–23.

Money: analogy to blood corpuscles, I, 293–4; trading with bad, III, 141; state tamperings with, III, 326–57; and joint-stock banks, III, 347–54; and free trade, III, 355–7; anomaly of interest, III, 401.

Monkeys, origin of music, II, 432.

Monotremata, integration, I, 69–70.

Monsieur, the title, III, 14, 15.

Montesinos, Captain, prison discipline, III, 177–8.

Month, measure of time, II, 45–9.

Moon: axial motion, I, 141; heat and contraction, I, 149; as name, I, 317, 327.

Moquin-Tandon, A., plant leaves, I, 433.

Morality: Quarterly Review criticism, II, 259–65; and law, III, 10–11, 23, 50; and awe of authority, III, 311; average social, III, 359, 360.

Morals: and moral sentiments, I, 331–50; parentage of, I, 331–4, 334–50; the science of right conduct, I, 333; relation to expediency, I, 333; prospect, III, 30, 51; average of, and trade, III, 137–40.

Moray, Sir R., on Barnacle geese, II, 162.

Mosses, cell membrane, I, 439.

Motion: of animals and plants, I, 75, 76; discovery of laws, II, 148; implies thing moving, II, 205–6, 207; inscrutable, II, 247; insensible forms, II, 266, 276; Tait on laws of, II, 271–5; Spencer on laws of, II, 297–320; axioms and laws of, II, 298–301, 315–20; relation to force, II, 310–4; and gracefulness, II, 381–6.

Mouat, Dr. F. J., on prisons, III, 189–91.

Moulton, J. F., British Quarterly Review, II, 307.

Mountains: age and altitude, I, 13; formation, I, 40; as name, I, 318.

Mozart, J. C. W. T.: heredity, I, 406; character, II, 417; Addio of, II, 447.

Mucous membrane, effect of surroundings, I, 449, 450.

Müller, F. Max: mis­in­ter­pre­ta­tion of names, I, 315, 327; on abstract nouns, I, 323, 324; criticism, II, 235–8.

Multiplication, various forms, I, 65–7.

Multiplication of effects: general, I, 35–8; astronomy, I, 38–9; geology, I, 39–46; biology, I, 46–53; sociology, I, 53–8; science, literature and art, I, 59.

Munich, prison, III, 171–3

Murchison, Sir R.: Silurian system, I, 199, 231; paleontological evidence, I, 206; azoic rocks, I, 228.

Murder, social co-operation, III, 217–20, 224.

Muscle: waste and repair, I, 362; evolution, I, 396; size of jaws, I, 398–400, 422; origin of music, II, 403–4; nervous system and action of, II, 453–8; laughter and action of, II, 458–64.

Music: origin, I, 30–1; increase in heterogeneity, 31–4; comparative psychology, I, 366; development of faculty, I, 406–7; Kantian ideas of space, II, 227; contrast in, II, 373; origin and function, II, 400–51; originally vocal, II, 403–4; feelings and loudness of voice, II, 404, 410; and timbre, II, 405, 411; pitch, II, 406, 411; intervals, II, 406–9, 411; variability of pitch, II, 409, 411; tremolo, staccato, and slur, II, 412; time in, II, 412–3; slow divergence from speech, II, 414–8; indirect evidence of theory, II, 418–20; function, II, 420–4; relation to sympathy, II, 424–6; Darwin on origin, II, 426–37; of lowest tribes, II, 433–7; Gurney on origin, II, 437–43; evolution of scales, II, 440–1; sensational effects, II, 443–4; perceptional, II, 445–7; emotional, II, 447; harmony, II, 448; counterpoint, II, 448; and evolution, II, 448–9; Hungarian, II, 449–51; and social intercourse, III, 41, 42; sensation of sound, III, 197; indirect effects, III, 245; free, III, 370.

Myddelton, Sir Hugh, New River, III, 257, 429.

Mythology, primitive, III, 6–11.

Myths, origin of animal worship, I, 322–8.

Nails, heredity and negro blood, II, 396.

Names: origin of animal worship, I, 311–7, 317–20, 328; of hybrids, I, 320–2; mis­in­ter­pre­ta­tion of nicknames, I, 325–8, 328–30; classification, II, 31–3, 34, 40; and evolution of ceremonies, III, 11–6, 23.

Napoleon I., and his marshals, III, 309.

Natural selection: essay on progress, I. 53; the phrase, I, 428–30; (see also Survival of the fittest).

Navy: malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 233–4, 247, 248, 249, 251, 252, 399; officers in parliament, III, 297, 304.

Naylor, Rev. B., on Norfolk Island convicts, III, 176.

Nebulæ: appearance, I, 118–25; Sir J. Herschel on regular and irregular, I, 122; origin, direction and constitution of comets, I, 125–8, 153; origin, I, 153.

Nebular hypothesis: increase in heterogeneity, I, 10–11; discoveries of Herschel and Rosse, I, 110–2; and ultimate mystery, I, 154; evolution of heat and condensation, I, 159–63; essay on, I, 108–84; distance and distribution, I, 112–8.

Necessity, Mill on test of, II, 196–200.

Negro, heredity and nails, II, 396.

Neptune: axial motion, I, 133–6; density, I, 144; heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Nervous system: of savage and civilized, I, 18; integration, I, 68–71; analogous to government, I, 299–307; development from epidermis, I, 454; Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 238; muscular action, II, 453–8; dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, 406; sympathetic, III, 408–9; and society, III, 418; positive and negative regulation, III, 419, 443.

New River Company, origin, III, 429.

New York, government, III, 289, 291.

New Zealanders, belief in another world, II, 223.

Newcomb, Prof. S.: nebular hypothesis, I, 121; planetoids, I, 167–8.

Newspapers, evolution, III, 431.

Newton, Sir I.: expansion of air, I, 118; solar theory, I, 193; gravity, II, 26–7, 291–3; genesis of science, II, 59–60; problem of three bodies, II, 112; laws of motion, II, 271, 274, 277–88, 297–320.

Nitrogen: compounds, I, 157; molecules, I, 158.

Nod, as obeisance, III, 18.

Nomenclature, genesis of science, II, 63–5, 72.

Norfolk Island, prison, III, 175–7.

North British Review, on Social Statics, II, 134.

Nose, personal beauty, II, 391.

Nottingham, Enclosure act, III, 240.

Nubecula, Sir J. Herschel on, I, 116–7.

Number and classification, II, 37.

Nummulites, Lyell on, I, 208.

Nutrition: individual and social, I, 289–90; process, III, 408; social, III, 413.

Oak, acorn and music, II, 442.

Obeisance, forms of, III, 17–22, III, 25.

Obermair, M., on prisons, III, 171.

Object: consciousness of, II, 211–4; relation to subject, II, 323–32.

Observation and hypothesis, II, 160–7.

Officialism: failure, III, 394, 395; Lord Palmerston on, III, 395; (see also Over-legislation).

Offspring, and parents’ qualities, II, 395, 398.

Oken, L., classification of sciences, II, 9–12.

Olbers, H. W. M., hypothesis, I, 167, 171, 173.

Old Red Sandstone (see Devonian System.)

Omnibus, and officialism, III, 250.

Oolite, age of, I, 202–5.

Opium, dissimilar effects, I, 100.

Optics: multiplication of effects, I, 59; genesis, II, 57, 59, 61; interdependence of sciences, II, 66; abstract concrete science, II, 85–8; Bain on classification of sciences, II, 107.

Orange, planet analogy, I, 133–4.

Orders, signature of, III, 120.

Organic matter: chemistry, I, 83–4; evolution, I, 458–60.

Organisms: dif­fer­en­tia­tion, III, 405; social and individual, III, 411–6; and machinery, III, 456–8.

Organs, rudimentary, III, 204.

Origin of Species: Huxley on, I, 389–90; effect of, I, 393–4.

Originality, literary style, II, 365–7.

Ossian, quoted, II, 355.

Osteology, correlation, I, 96–101.

Over-legislation: essay on, III, 229–82; individual uncertainty, III, 229–31; examples of failure in legislation, III, 231–45; probability of success, III, 245–6; slowness of, III, 246–7; stupidity, III, 247–9; unadaptive, III, 249; corruptness, III, 250–2; fixity, III, 252; officialism and trade contrasted, III, 253–9; is there a sphere for officialism? III, 259–68; free trade, III, 268–70; negative evils, III, 270–6; enervation of, III, 276–80; faith in governments, III, 280–2; dangers, III, 368–70; and collective wisdom, III, 391–2.

Ovum, relation to infant, I, 6.

Owen, Prof. Sir R.: evolution and paleontology, I, 16; organic correlation, I, 96–101.

Oxygen: deductive biology, I, 77–81; liquefaction, I, 160; action on protoplasm, I, 465–6.

Pacific Ocean, upheaval and geological record, I, 232–40.

Pain: expression in children, I, 339–50; indications of, II, 401–3, 404; loudness of voice, II, 404–5.

Painting: increase in heterogeneity, I, 24–30; multiplication of effects, I, 59.

Palmerston, Lord, III, 395.

Palæozoic, the title, I, 15.

Paleontology: increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7; life and multiplication of effects, I, 49–53; organic correlation, I, 96–101; age of strata, I, 205–12; past and present geological changes, I, 212–8; gaps in record, I, 220–1, 226–32; effect of climate on evidence, I, 221–4; and of terrestrial change, I, 224–6; effect of upheaval, I, 232–40.

Panama Canal, III, 267.

Pantheism, rejected by H. Spencer, II, 221.

Paper tax, III, 243; (see also Money.)

Parents and offspring, II, 395–6, 398.

Parabola, relation to circle, I, 5.

Paradise Lost, quoted, II, 346.

Parasites, natural selection, I, 379–80.

Parkhurst, criminals at, III, 258.

Parliament: analogy to brain, I, 302–5; railways and members of, III, 65–7, 74–7, 83, 86; and parliamentary agents, III, 67–71, 108; right of majority, III, 94; belief in acts, III, 109, 306–7; 20,000 statutes, III, 232; officialism and acts of, III, 258–9; badly drawn acts, III, 273; selection of members, III, 291; members of, III, 295–9; ineligible members, III, 296; bank act, III, 338, 339, 340; private bills, III, 359; Thames water supply, III, 387–92; function, III, 417; (see also Over-legislation.)

Parliamentary reform: essay on, III, 358–86; apprehended dangers, III, 360–8, 368–70; direct and indirect taxation, III, 370–5; value of rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 380; Reform Bill, III, 380–6.

Passengers Act, failure, III, 241.

Passion, social analogy, I, 269–71.

Patent-office, accounts, III, 398.

Patents: failure, III, 456; American, III, 473.

Patterns, piracy, III, 126

Pedigree, importance, I, 108; (see also Heredity.)

Peel, Sir Robert: on legislation, III, 280–1; Bank Act, III, 338, 339, 340, 357.

Penal code (see Prison ethics.)

Pentonville, treatment at, III, 161–2.

Perception: relation to science, II, 1–8; presentative-rep­re­sen­ta­tive, I, 261.

Perseverance, of savages, I, 375.

Personal beauty, essay, II, 387–99.

Perthes, B. de, flint implements, I, 413.

Peru, social organization, III, 470.

Pestalozzi, H. L., school name, III, 2.

Phanerogams, pollen, I, 439.

Philæ, granite at, I, 437.

Philosophy, relation to religion, I, 60–2; (see also Comte.)

Phosphorus, allotropic, I, 373.

Physics: Comte’s classification, II, 21–3; genesis, II, 57, 59, 60, 61; interdependence of sciences, II, 67; abstract-concrete science, II, 85–8; deals with properties, II, 101, 103; relation to chemistry, II, 109–11; evolution, II, 152, 156; British Quarterly Reviewer on, II, 267–301; relation to metaphysics, II, 268; axioms, II, 270, 277–88, 297; their origin, II, 298–301, 313–4, 315–20.

Physiology: transcendental, I, 63–107; deductive, I, 76–81; organic correlation, I, 96–101; individual and social organism, I, 101–7; concrete science, II, 92; development, II, 423.

Picnic, interest in, II, 374.

Pictures, subjects of historical, II, 373; (see also Painting.)

Pigeons: beak and tongue, I, 401; heredity and variation, I, 414–5; use and disuse, I, 418; origin of music, II, 428.

Pigs, use and disuse, I, 419.

Pins, stellar analogy, I, 161.

Pitcher plant, evolution, I, 394.

Pity, comparative psychology, I, 368.

Placards, derivation, I, 28.

Planetoids: origin, I, 167–80; number, I, 168, 171, 179; distances, I, 169, 172, 179; orbits, I, 169–70, 173–4, 179; distribution, I, 171; magnitudes, I, 172; periods, I, 177; velocity, I, 180.

Planets: increase in heterogeneity, I, 11; origin, I, 39, 153; direction, I, 127, 129, 153; planes of, and solar equator, I, 131–2; axial movements, I, 132–6, 153; arrangement and number of satellites, I, 137, 139–41; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52; structure, I, 163–7, 182; origin of minor, I, 167–80; origin of meteors, I, 174–7; (see also Astronomy.)

Plants: increase in heterogeneity, I, 14–7, 35; structure, I, 73, 76, 391–2; form, I, 73, 76; chemical composition, I, 74, 76; specific gravity, I, 74, 70; temperature, I, 74, 76; self-mobility, I, 75, 76; evolution and homogeneity I, 83–4; heat and distribution, I, 223–4; also terrestrial change, I, 224–6; and animals, I, 375–6; evolution and sensitive, I, 377; cambium, I, 449–50.

Plateau, J. A. F., fluid rotation, I, 131.

Plato, Republic, 269–72.

Pleasure: expression in children, I, 339–50; indications of, II, 401–3, 404; loudness of voice, II, 404–5; bodily effect, II, 454–8; destroyed by formality, III, 36–46; and life, III, 315; social and individual organism, III, 411; American life, III, 489–90.

Plough, Hindoo worship of, II, 354.

Plumber, action of pump, I, 425.

Poetry: origin and dif­fer­en­tia­tion, I, 30–2; and prose, II, 357–61; development of epic and lyric, II, 416; and government, III, 430–1.

Pointers, use and disuse, I, 470–1.

Police, officialism, III, 396–7.

Political economy: and railways, III, 101–3; flow of capital, III, 264; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 303; efflux of gold, III, 341–3.

Politics: use and disuse, I, 463–5; and costume, III, 1–5, 30; definition, III, 226.

Polyzoa: form, I, 73; composition, I, 74; not sea-weeds, I, 248; analogy to social organism, I, 281.

Poor law, action of, III, 244.

Pope, A., literary style, II, 365.

Porcupine, evolution of quills, I, 394–5.

Positivism (see Comte.)

Post-office: and officialism, III, 252; and government, III, 440–2.

Potato, complexity, III, 196.

Poverty, effect of, III, 143–9.

Predicate, arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.

Preference stock, effect, III, 86–8, 108.

Prevision: and science, II, 1–8; origin of quantitative, II, 41–9.

Printing: increase of heterogeneity, I, 26; analogy from press, I, 98, II, 33; printer’s union rules, III, 364–5; anomaly, III, 401.

Prison Ethics: essay on, III, 152–91; relative and absolute ethics, III, 152–7, 188; treatment of criminals, III, 157–63; laws of life, III, 163–71; self-maintenance, III, 168–71; foreign prisons and reformatories, III, 172–8; evils of excessive punishment, III, 178–80; improved system of discipline, III, 180–7, 189–91; and social state, III, 187–9; Indian prisons, III, 189–91.

Procter, R.A., nebular distance, I, 118.

Profit, defined, I, 290.

Progress: its law and cause, I, 8–62, 81, III, 323; current conception, I, 8–9; increase in heterogeneity, I, 9–10.

Prometheus Unbound, quoted, II, 353.

Promissory notes, State tamperings with money, III, 326–35, 335–47, 356.

Property: emotion of possession, I, 253, 263, 307, II, 421; and parliamentary reform, III, 358–60, 367–8.

Propositions: the thinkable, I, 383; ultimate test, II, 14; states of consciousness, II, 205–8; testing of reasoning, II, 208–11; arrangement of sentences, II, 344.

Prose: and poetry, II, 357–61; contrast in, II, 374.

Protection, and officialism, III, 268–70.

Protophyta: composition, I, 74; self-mobility, I, 75; instability of homogeneous, I, 86; social analogy, I, 277; cell membrane, I, 439.

Protoplasm, action of light, I, 465–6.

Protozoa: dif­fer­en­tia­tion from environment, I, 73; self-mobility, I, 75; instability of homogeneous, I, 86; social analogy, I, 277–83; cell membrane, I, 440; development, I, 452.

Proudhon, P. J., policy, III, 417.

Proxies, railway, III, 76, 78.

Psychology: relation of science to religion, I, 61–2; The Emotions and The Will, I, 241–64; organization provisional, I, 241–5; classification of emotions, I, 245–57; evolution of emotions, I, 250–7; Bain’s definition of emotion and volition, I, 258–60; also feeling and sensation, I, 260; classification of mind, I, 260–4; comparative, of man in outline, I, 351, 353; mental and bodily mass, I, 353–4; mental complexity, I, 354–5; rate of development, I, 355; relative plasticity, I, 355–6; variability, I, 356–7; impulsiveness, I, 357–9; effect of race inter-mixture, I, 359–60; effect of sex, I, 361–4; imitativeness, I, 364; curiosity, I, 364–5; peculiar aptitudes, I, 366; sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7; altruistic sentiments, I, 367–9; evolution of mind, I, 376–8, 381–6; use and disuse, I, 463–5; Hegel’s classification, II, 12–5; concrete science, II, 92, 100; terrestrial evolution, II, 96; Bain on logic, II, 105–6; origin of knowledge, II, 122–5; Comte on, II, 131; Sidgwick on Principles, II, 238–50.

Publishers, local integration, I, 103.

Pump, action of, I, 425–6.

Punishment (see Prison Ethics.)

Pyramids, architectural types, II, 379.

Quakers: intonation, II, 416; nonconformity, III, 2.

Quarterly Review, criticism, II, 259–65.

Rabbits, use and disuse, I, 418.

Railways: effects, I, 56–8; distributing systems, I, 296–8; morals and policy, III, 52–112; directors, III, 52–63, 69; extensions, III, 56–9, 71–2, 82–8, 91, 94, 96, 101–7, 107–8; dividends, III, 57, 98–9, 105–6; book-keeping, III, 59; and land-owners, III, 63–7; and members of parliament, III, 65–7, 74–7, 83; and lawyers, III, 67–72, 83, 88, 108; and engineers, III, 68–72, 83, 88, 108; contractors, III, 72–4, 83; boards, 77–8; shares, 80–2, 108; effect of competing lines, III, 97–8, 107; safety, III, 99–100; cause and remedy of corruptions, III, 88–96; secondary organizations, III, 92–3; and political economy, III, 101–3; capital, III, 108; proprietary contract, III, 108–112; and coaching, III, 110–2, 255; relative and absolute ethics, III, 155–7; state inspection, III, 239–40; individualism, III, 249; evolution, III, 256, 266; diffusion of literature, III, 262; winding up act, III, 273; legislature and accidents, III, 275; English enterprise, III, 279; malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 285–6; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 296, 302, 304; inspection, III, 399; anomaly, III, 401; English and French, III, 428; and government, III, 437; in America, III, 478.

Rainbow, beliefs about, II, 154.

Ramsgate, harbour, III, 248.

Realism, Sidgwick’s criticism, II, 242–50.

Reason: social analogy, I, 269–71; limited sphere, II, 221; judgment of common sense, II, 243–4.

Reasoning: recognition of likeness, II, 33–4, 37, 40; of Kant, III, 199–203; of metaphysicians, II, 201–5, 208–11; a testing of conclusions, II, 208–11; (see also Logic.)

Recitative: ancient and modern, II, 415–8; Gurney on, II, 439.

Reflection, belief in spirits, I, 310–3.

Reflex action: and emotion, I, 258; impulsiveness, I, 358; indication of feelings, II, 403; examples, III, 453.

Reform: and costume, III, 1–5; and custom, III, 31.

Reform bill: rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 294; fear of, III, 358; of Lord Russell, III, 380–6.

Reformation, change by, III, 49.

Regulative system, social, III, 458–64.

Relative, Martineau on the, II, 250–8.

Religion: increase of heterogeneity, I, 20–3; relation to early art, I, 27; and to science, I, 60–2; rudimentary form of all, I, 309; object of sentiment, II, 132; and science, Caird on, II, 219–21; Mansel’s criticism, II, 221–5; Grotz on, II, 225; manners and law, III, 4, 23; primitive ideas, III, 6–11; and state, III, 11; for primitive man, III, 24; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301; and government, III, 434.

Repair, and waste, II, 362–7.

Representative government: knowledge of rep­re­sen­ta­tives, III, 300–9; and despotism, III, 309–10; and monarchy, III, 310–7; superiority, III, 317–23, 323–5; value of, III, 380.

Reproductive system, and organic evolution, I, 409, 412, 422–5.

Reptiles: evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7; paleontological remains, I, 227, 237, 240.

Republicanism, American, III, 474–5, 478–9.

Respiration, effect of emotion, II, 459.

Reviewing, morals of trade, III, 139.

Rhythm, in speech, II, 440.

Ribbon, morals of trade, III, 127.

Right (see Ethics.)

Roads, distributing system, I, 296–8.

Robbery: social co-operation, III, 217–20; of Messrs. Walker, III, 439.

Roberts, I., photographs of, I, 180.

Robinson, F., Icarian colony, III, 457.

Rocking stone, origin, I, 437.

Rocks, age of, I, 198–205.

Rodentia, transverse integration, I, 69.

Romilly, Sir S., on judicial system, III, 272.

Rooks, cawing of, I, 337, 338.

Roots, imbedded and exposed, I, 447.

Rosse, Lord, nebular hypothesis, I, 110–1.

Rossini, G. A., heredity, I, 406.

Royal Institution, III, 436.

Royal Society, published barnacle goose myth, II, 162.

Ruskin, J., effects of art, I, 59.

Russell, Lord John: on minorities, III, 295; reform bill, III, 380–6.

Russia: age of rocks in, I, 200–1, 206; paper currency, III, 345.

Sachs, J., on cell membranes, I, 438–9.

Safety, in railways, III, 99–100.

Satellites: increase in heterogeneity, I, 11; origin, I, 39; arrangement and number, I, 137–8; distribution, I, 138; number and forces, I, 139–40; motion, I, 141–3, 153–4.

Saturn: origin of rings, I, 39; rotatory movement, I, 135, 136; motion of satellites, I, 137; their distance, I, 138; their number, I, 139–40; rotation of rings, I, 142; location, I, 143; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Saxon words, II, 336–8.

Scales, unstable equilibrium of, I, 82.

Scepticism, reasoning of, II, 201.

Schleiden, M. J., cell doctrine, I, 443.

School, Price’s, III, 256.

Schopenhauer, A., ethics, III, 212.

Schwann, T., cell doctrine, I, 443.

Science: increase in heterogeneity, I, 34–5; multiplication of effects, I, 59; relation to religion, I, 60–2; establishment of causation, I, 109; creed fatal to, I, 463; and common knowledge, II, 1–8, 29, 71; Oken’s classification, II, 9–12; Hegel’s, II, 12–5; Comte’s, II, 15–29; progress analytic and synthetic, II, 24–7; linear arrangement, II, 27–9; interdependent with arts, II, 67–71, 94–9; summary of genesis, II, 71–3; interdependence of, II, 94–9; Comte and Positivism, II, 118–22, 128, 139; origin and evolution, II, 150–7; “practical,” II, 151; Caird on religion and science, II, 219–21; exact, III, 199–200.

Sciences, Classification of the: Littré on Comte’s, II, 74–6; char­ac­ter­is­tics of a true, II, 76; abstract concrete, II, 77–8, 85–88, 92–4; concrete, II, 77–81, 88–92, 92–4; divisions of abstract, II, 81–5, 92–4; needs three dimensions, II, 92–4; concrete deals with aggregates, II, 99–103; abstract-concrete, with properties, II, 101–3; abstract with relations, II, 102–3; Bain, II, 105–17; Mill, II, 114; Comte, II, 130.

Scotch, dialect, II, 424.

Scotland: age of rocks, I, 198–205; bank success, III, 348.

Scott, Sir W., anecdote of, II, 466.

Scrofula, heredity, II, 395.

Sculpture, heterogeneity of, I, 24–30.

Sea, action on: geological formations, I, 212, 213; upheaved land, I, 232–40; shores, I, 431–2, 444.

Selene, the myth, I, 326.

Senior wrangler, criticism of, II, 302–5, 305–7.

Sensations: defined, I, 260, 262; evolution, I, 264; demonstration of, II, 401–3; pleasure of music, II, 444–5; (see also Psychology.)

Sense, disablement of organs, III, 116–7.

Sentences, arrangement of, II, 341–50.

Settlement, failure of law of, III, 244.

Sewers commission, III, 238, 248.

Sex: mental development, I, 355; comparative psychology, I, 361–4.

Shadows: belief in spirits, I, 310–5; colour, II, 165–6.

Shares: railway, III, 80–2, 108; directors and holders of, III, 82–8; preference, III, 86; depressed by rail extension, III, 94, 98–9, 106; morals of banking, III, 131–7; relative and absolute ethics, III, 155–7.

Shakespeare, W., I, 317, III, 283.

Shears, analogy from iron, I, 97–8.

Sheep, English and French, II, 396, 398.

Shell, use and beauty, II, 370.

Ships: naval malad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 233–4, 247, 248, 251, 252, 258, 259; private ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 234, 238; and Admiralty certificate, III, 239, 241; tonnage law, III, 244; officialism, III, 253; mercantile marine acts, III, 260; screw propeller, III, 261; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 301.

Shoes, removing, III, 17.

Shooting stars, origin, I, 174–7.

Shopkeepers, lying and believing, III, 118.

Sidgwick, H., criticism, II, 238–50.

Sight: and exercise, II, 362, 363; and state of faculties, II, 364.

Signature, of orders, III, 120.

Signor, the title, III, 14, 21.

Signs, force of gesticulative, II, 335.

Silk, trade morals, III, 120, 124–7.

Silurian system: age, I, 198–205; paleontological evidence, I, 206–7; thickness, I, 231.

Simile: use and position, II, 350–2; and metaphor, II, 354.

Singing, II, 410–4; (see also Music.)

Sir, the title, III, 14, 15, 16, 21, 26.

Sirius, distance from sun, I, 113, 114.

Skating, grace in, II, 385.

Skin, action of medicine, I, 448, 450.

Skull, personal beauty, II, 389–90, 391.

Slave trade, former opinion, III, 141.

Small-pox, effects, I, 47.

Smell, sense of: and eye position, I, 72; in dogs, I, 470; exercise, II, 362.

Smith, Adam: theory of morals, I, 346; importance, III, 316; non-university training, III, 377–8.

Smoke bill, of London, III, 250.

Sneeze, and laughter, II, 460.

Snow, officialism, II, 249–50.

Soap: adulterant, III, 125; tax, III, 243.

Social organism: the, I, 265–307; analogy to individual, I, 269–72, 272–3, 277, 291–8, 306–7, III, 411–16; difference, I, 273–7; analogy to lower animal forms, I, 277–83; division of labour, I, 283–91.

Social Statics: origin of morals, I, 332–3; of sympathy, I, 317; Comte and title of, II, 134–7; thesis of, II, 262.

Socialism: compulsory co-operation, III, 454–6; and regulative system, III, 460–4; effect, III, 467; evils, III, 467–70.

Sociality, and psychology, I, 366–7, 368.

Society: increase in heterogeneity, I, 19–23, 35; a growth, I, 265–9, 306; the ideal, II, 131–2; self-conscious, III, 141; influence of wealth, III, 143–9; political ethics and the individual, III, 226–8; evolution, III, 263–5; increasing complexity, III, 323–5; average morality, III, 359; and individual organism, III, 411–6; regulative system, III, 463; (see also Prison Ethics, Sociology.)

Sociology: multiplication of effects, I, 53–60; homogeneity unstable, I, 83; individual and social organism, I, 101–7; psychical traits and social state, I, 354, 355; conservatism, I, 356; mental variability, I, 356–7; impulsiveness, I, 357–9; effect of mixing races, I, 359–60; and of sexes, I, 361–4; curiosity, I, 361–5; imitativeness, I, 364; peculiar aptitudes, I, 366; sociality, freedom, approbation, and acquisitiveness, I, 366–7; altruistic sentiments, 367–9; use and disuse, I, 463–5; genesis, II, 57; concrete science, II, 92; terrestrial evolution, II, 96; deals with aggregates, II, 100, 103; a word of Comte’s, II, 133; universality of law, II, 159; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 302; life, III, 325; education, III, 375–9; cause and effect, III, 487–92.

Solar system: heterogeneity, I, 10–11; origin, I, 108–10; Laplace on, I, 128–9; evolution, I, 128–31.

Solicitor, and trader, III, 139.

Sound: multiplication of effects, I, 37; Kantian ideas of space, II, 227; as illustrating crude and transfigured realism, II, 245–6; velocity, II, 267; sensation, III, 197.

Space: concept of, I, 247; Hutton on intuitions of, I, 339; classification of science, II, 77, 81–5; Bain on nature of mathematics, II, 105–6; Hamilton II, 191–2; Hodgson, II, 220–34; Kant, II, 220–7, 229–32, 236–8; Martineau, II, 257; consciousness, II, 308; Kant and evolution, III, 197–9, 203, 207.

Spain: contracts in, III, 218; rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 317–9.

Spalding, D., experiments of, II, 226.

Sparta, social type, III, 415.

Special creation: lack of facts, I, 1; and evolution, I, 1–7; conception of, I, 265.

Specialized ad­min­i­stra­tion, III, 401–44.

Species: number of, I, 1; evolution and creation, I, 1–7; effect of upheavals, I, 49–52; of climate, I, 221–4; of terrestrial change, I, 224–6; fertility of varieties, II, 397–8.

Specific gravity: of animals and plants, I, 74, 76; of planets, I, 144–8, 154; solar system, I, 163.

Spectrum analysis, complexity of elements, I, 372–4.

Speech, figures of, II, 350–5; (see also Language.)

Spencer, Herbert, propositions held by, II, 125–32.

Spencer, Rev. Thomas, III, 361.

Spheroid, ring formation, I, 133–4.

Spine, and evolution, III, 205.

Spirit, the word misleading, I, 311.

Spirits, belief in, I, 311–2, 344.

Sponges: form of, I, 73; instability of homogeneous, I, 87.

Staccato, in singing, II, 412.

Staffordshire, potteries, I, 266.

Stage coach, III, 110–2, 255.

Stars: distribution of nebulæ, I, 112–8; magnitude and distance, I, 115–8; Sir W. Herschel on genesis, I, 129; distance apart, I, 161; star as name, I, 317, 326; Kant’s awe of universe, III, 192, 195; (see also Astronomy.)

State, the: duty of, III, 236; and religion, III, 11, 23, 50; (see also Over-legislation.)

Statics, Comte’s classification, II, 19.

Steam power, effects, I, 56–8.

Stephenson, R., on railways, III, 105–6.

Stereoscope, analogy from, II, 265.

Stick, equilibrium of, I, 82.

Stocking trade, and officialism, III, 262.

Stonehenge, use and beauty, II, 371–2.

Strikes, III, 362–4, 365, 383.

Strings, in musical instruments, II, 415.

Structure: animal and vegetal, I, 73–7; relation to function, I, 249.

Style: philosophy of, II, 333–69; forcibleness of Saxon, II, 336–7; and brevity, II, 337–8; specific expression, II, 338–9; sequence of words, II, 339–41; arrangement of sentences, II, 341–7; direct and indirect, II, 347–50; figures of speech, II, 350–5.

Subject: consciousness of, II, 211–4; relation to object, II, 323–32; arrangement of sentences, II, 342–4.

Substantive and adjective, II, 340–1.

Sugar, morals of trade, III, 121–3, 125.

Suicide, belief in another world, II, 223.

Sun: origin, I, 39; distance from Sirius, I, 113, 114; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52; content of, I, 151; atmosphere, I, 151; temperature, I, 151; constitution, I, 153, 182–91; duration of heat, I, 101; willow-leaves and rice grains, I, 186, 188; faculæ I, 186–7; Faye’s sun-spot theory, I, 183–4, 188–9; cyclonic theory, I, 187–91; as name, I, 317, 326, 327, 328.

Survival of the fittest: Martineau on evolution, I, 379–81; a factor only of evolution, I, 397–400, 400–5, 405–8, 421–5; and heredity, I, 408–12, 412–5; the phrase, I, 429–30; and effect of medium, I, 444–5; and nervous system, I, 457–8; early action of, I, 460–2; Huxley on, I, 462–3; Duke of Argyll’s criticism, I, 467–78; three factors, I, 472.

Swift, J., on manners, III, 44.

Swiss, architecture, II, 379.

Syllables, style and length, II, 337–8.

Syllogism, Hodgson on, II, 231.

Symbolization, infrequent, I, 322.

Symmetry, in buildings and animals, II, 376–7.

Sympathy: altruism, I, 346; comparative psychology, I, 368–9; and gracefulness, II, 386; music, II, 424–6; morals of trade, III, 142–3.

Syncrypta, life in, I, 443.

Synecdoche, effective, II, 350.

Synthesis, chemical, I, 374.

Synthetic philosophy, outline, II, 140–2.

Tailor, morals of trade, III, 117.

Tait, P. G.: on natural philosophy, II, 269, 315–20; axioms, II, 270, 298–301, 315–20; laws of motion, II, 271–5, 277–88, 299–320; ultimate scientific ideas, II, 289; central forces, II, 290–93; on synthetic philosophy, II, 294–6.

Talent, relation to desire, I, 54.

Tamberlik, E., ut de poitrine, II, 442.

Tanner, Prof. E., use and disuse, I, 419.

Tape, morals of trade, III, 118, 119.

Taste, exhausted by exercise, II, 362.

Taxes, and parliament, III, 371–5.

Teeth: organic correlation, I, 96–101; size of jaw, I, 401.

Telegrams, officialism, III, 396–7.

Telegraphs: analogous to nerves, I, 306; private enterprise, III, 234.

Telephone, in America, III, 472.

Temperance society, III, 446.

Temperature: of solar system, I, 11; animal and vegetal, I, 74, 76; vegetal density, I, 144–8, 148–52; solar, I, 151; chemical unions, I, 159; duration of solar, I, 161–3; evolution of, and nebular hypothesis, I, 159–63.

Ten hours bill, III, 362, 365.

Tenby, sea shore, I, 432.

Tennyson, Lord, quoted, II, 356, III, 314.

Thalassicolla, instability of homogeneous, I, 87.

Thames: sewers commission, III, 238; water supply, III, 387–92.

Theft, punishment, III, 233.

Thermo-electricity, what is? II, 172–6.

Thermology, genesis, II, 61.

Thomson, Sir W., terrestrial density, I, 149.

Thomson, Sir W., and Prof. Tait, on physical axioms, III, 220–1.

Thorns, protection and growth of, I, 391.

Ticket of leave, system, III, 244.

Time: measures of, II, 45–9; classification of science, II, 77, 81–5; S. H. Hodgson on, II, 226–34; Kant, II, 226–7, 229–32, 236–8, III, 197–9, 207; Martineau’s criticism, II, 257; terrestrial motion, II, 272; Emerson on, II, 354.

Titles, evolution of, III, 11–6, 23, 27–8.

Todleben, Gen. F. E. von, III, 309–10.

Totemism, I, 309–17.

Town councils: rep­re­sen­ta­tive government, III, 288; parliamentary reform, III, 369–70, 371, 372.

Town hall, building of, III, 372.

Trade: localization, I, 22; morals of, III, 113–51, 448–9; adulteration, III, 113, 121–3; bribery, III, 114–8; short weight, III, 118–9; circulars, III, 123–4; silk manufacture, III, 124–7; candle making, III, 128; elastic webbing, III, 129; bankruptcy, III, 129–31; morals of banking, III, 131–7; average morality, III, 137–40; and sympathy, III, 142–3; homage to wealth, III, 143–9, 149–51; ethics of free trade, III, 154; (see also Industry.)

Trade unions: parliamentary reform, III, 362–8, 384; tyranny of, III, 382, 383; selfishness, III, 465–7, 469.

Tramps, and poor law, III, 244.

Transcendental Physiology (see Physiology.)

Tremolo, in singing, II, 412.

Triangle, space perception, II, 309.

Trigonometry, evolution, II, 55, 155.

Truth, denial of, II, 259–65.

Tyndall, J.: on heat, II, 173; of light, II, 178.

Tzigane, music, II, 450–1.

Ulcer, effects on skin, I, 448–9.

Unbelievable, Mill on word, II, 193–200.

United States (see America.)

University, training, III, 377–8.

Unknowable, The: knowledge of, II, 220; Hodgson on, II, 234; Martineau on, II, 250–8.

Unstable equilibrium, of homogeneity, I, 81–4.

Uranus: axial motion, I, 133–6; motion of satellites, I, 137; their distance, I, 138; their number, I, 139–40; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Uroglena, life in, I, 443.

Use, and beauty, II, 370–4; (see also Heredity.)

Utilitarianism, and Mr. Spencer’s views, I, 334, 338, 347–50.

Valencia, prison discipline, III, 177–8.

Variability, mental, I, 356–7.

Variation, natural selection and heredity, I, 408–12, 421.

Varieties: effect of union, I, 359; fertility, II, 397–8.

Vascular system: deductive biology, I, 78–81; development, I, 285–6; and evolution, III, 204.

Vaucheria, cell membrane, I, 439.

Veddahs, invocation of, I, 311–2.

Venus: motion, I, 135, 136; satellites, I, 139–41; density and heat, I, 144–8, 148–52.

Vertebræ, evolution, I, 395, III, 205.

Vertebrata: evolution and heterogeneity, I, 15–7, 17–9; integration, I, 68–71; position of eyes, I, 71–2; self-mobility, I, 76; germ and instability of homogeneous, I, 88; cervical vertebræ, II, 83; origin of music, II, 432; controlling system, III, 407.

Vestiges of Creation, and evolution, I, 390.

Vienna, English enterprise in, III, 278.

Voice: feelings and loudness, II, 404, 410; timbre, II, 405, 411; pitch, II, 406, 411; intervals, II, 406–9, 411; variability, II, 409, 411; ordinary and singing, II, 410–4.

Volition, Bain’s definition, I, 258–9.

Volvox: instability of homogeneous, I, 87; life in, I, 443; development, I, 456.

Wales, age of rocks, I, 198–205, 207–8.

Walker, Messrs., robbery at, III, 439.

Walking: effect of blister, I, 404; grace in, II, 382.

Waste, and repair, II, 362–7.

Water: compound, I, 372; government carts and officialism, III, 249; and supply, III, 387–92, 429.

Wealth, homage to, III, 143–9, 149–51.

Weapons, division of labour, I, 54.

Weber, K. M. von, heredity, I, 406.

Weight, measures of, II, 43–5.

Werner, A. G.: geological theory, I, 194–7; influence of, I, 201.

Whales, not fish, I, 247.

Whately, Abp.: metaphor and simile, II, 352; political economy, III, 423–4.

Whewell, W.: History of Inductive Sciences, II, 23; electrical theory, II, 62.

Whirlwind, sun-spot analogy, I, 190–1.

White, perception of, III, 196.

Will, the: social analogy, I, 269–71; Kant on, III, 201–3; (see also Psychology.)

Wills, registrars of, III, 251.

Wisdom, the collective, III, 387–92.

Wolf, as name, I, 312–3, 315, 316, 321.

Wollaston, W. H., insect colours, I, 433.

Women: comparative psychology and sex, I, 361–4; size of jaw, I, 398; treatment of, III, 445–6.

Wool, industry and locality, I, 104.

Words (see Language.)

Workpeople, residences, III, 447.

Writing: increase in heterogeneity, I, 24–6; derived from picture language, II, 33.

Yorkshire, woollen industry, I, 266.

Yours faithfully, etc., III, 16, 26.

Zoology: genesis, II, 57; classification, II, 64; discovery of laws, II, 149–50.

Zoophytes, evolution of mind, I, 377.

Zulus, ethics, III, 193.

Zygomatic arches, and beauty, II, 390–2.