Index.

“A. B.,” pseudonym of, 416.

Adams, John, 117, 231.

“Agrippa,” pseudonym of, 22, 29, 49, 417.

“American,” pseudonym of, 415.

American Herald, 123, 416.

American Mercury, 417.

American Museum, 315.

Anarchy, danger of, 15, 165;

predicted, 18.

Anti-Federalists, character of, 25.

“Aristides,” pseudonym of, 372, 416.

Aristocracy, favorers of, 5;

small danger of, 165;

southern, 258;

causes of, 298;

tendencies to, 223.

Articles of Confederation, 238;

advantages of, 77;

amendment of, 80, 98;

defects in, 255;

ease of amendment of, 117;

proposed amendment to, 84.

Baldwin, Simeon, 213.

Ballot, 305.

Baltimore, 327, 333.

Bill of rights, 28, 95, 113, 117, 119, 163, 219, 299, 320, 325, 364.

Blair, John, 162.

Bowdoin, James, 3, 6.

Brackenridge, H. H., 315, 415.

“Brutus,” pseudonym of, 269, 295, 417.

Bryan, George, 221.

Bryan, Samuel, 415.

“Cæsar,” pseudonym of, 245, 250, 279, 416.

Canada, 191;

dangers from, 157.

Capital, 262;

place for, 73, 321.

Capitation tax, 272.

“Capt. M'Daniel,” pseudonym of, 122.

Carroll, Daniel, 325, 329, 415.

Carthage, 93.

“Cassius,” pseudonym of, 1, 51, 416.

“Cato,” pseudonym of, 243, 281, 415.

“Caution,” pseudonym of, 323, 415.

“Centinel, The,” pseudonym of, 218, 415.

“Charles James Fox,” pseudonym of, 51.

Chase, Samuel, 323, 415;

promises of, 333;

speech of, 325.

Childs, Francis, 250.

“Citizen of New Haven,” pseudonym of, 229, 416.

Citizenship, 270;

rights of, 42.

Clinton, De Witt, 415.

Clinton, George, 173, 243, 281, 415.

Coinage, uniformity of, 35.

Coke, 266.

Commerce of America, 95;

inter-state, congressional power over, 118;

regulation of, 97.

Commercial treaties, power to make, 234.

“Conciliator,” pseudonym of, 416.

Congress, Continental, action on the Constitution, 253, 289;

retrospective view of, 298;

inadequate powers of, 34.

Congress, difference between state legislature and, 224;

length of session of, 239;

members of, 225;

character of, 227;

character from South, 258;

election of, 86;

privileges of, 33;

restriction on, 234;

interest of, 220;

journal of, 33;

nature of, 267;

powers of, 27, 32, 34, 41, 98;

to alienate territory, 80;

to coerce the states, 184;

over delinquent states, 358;

over citizens, 80;

over elections, 30, 37, 118, 276;

over inter-state commerce, 118;

over judiciary, 66;

over militia, 184;

law-making powers of, 45;

of taxation, 235;

over territories, 43;

over trade, 61;

representation in, 151.

[pg 420]

Connecticut, 183, 355;

address to, 215;

constitution of, 148;

Courant, 135, 415;

convention, 178, 207;

legislature of, 219;

manufactures of, 202;

taxation in, 74, 148;

tribute to New York from, 180.

Constituents, instructions from, 28.

Constitution, a creation of power, 145, 147;

adequacy of, 35;

adopting clause of, 131, 184, 362;

advantages of, 21;

amendment of, 44, 100, 118, 200, 233, 251, 284, 334;

attempts to surprise the people with, 327;

character of opposers of, 11, 143;

comparison of, 339;

with constitution of N. Y., 297;

with English, 381;

consolidating tendencies of, 65, 69, 70, 158, 258, 297;

construction of, 43;

objections to, 25, 53, 132, 151;

definition of, 116;

despotic power of, 28;

effect of, 95;

excellence of language of, 156;

expense of, 60;

general clauses of, 83, 96, 119;

importance of, 248;

judicial power under, 39;

laws made under, 360;

merits of, 27;

new powers granted by, 238;

powers under, 153, 156, 163, 220;

opposition to, 39;

preamble of, 208;

reasons for not submitting to state legislature, 139;

reception of, 9;

rejection of, 100;

remarks on, 237, 395;

supreme law of the land, 184;

want of explicitness in, 155, 260, 265;

should be tried before amending, 235;

writers against, 12.

Convention, Federal, 238, 247, 284, 287;

appeals to the people, 140;

character of the members of, 20;

committees of, 348;

dissenting members of, 104;

harmony of, 191;

ignorance of the members of, 22;

illegal action of, 104;

irritated condition of, 367;

journals of, 347;

large vs. small states in, 355;

meetings of, 345;

meetings of members of, 355;

object of, 35;

powers of, 252, 290;

proceedings in, 130, 174, 183, 341;

secrecy of, 252, 298;

spirit of, 167;

wisdom of, 252.

Convention, second, 62, 235, 375.

Council, lack of, 162.

“Countryman, A,” pseudonym of, 211, 415, 416.

Courts, Federal, 36, 40, 83.

Courts, State, 54.

Coxe, Tench, 415.

Credit, public, 73, 197.

Creditors, public, 60;

justice to, 35.

Criminal prosecution, laws for, 67.

Daily Advertiser, 250, 279, 415, 416.

Davie, William Richardson, 415.

Debt, Continental, 60, 73, 77, 95, 97, 127.

Debtors, opposition of, to constitution, 144.

“Decius,” pseudonym of, 416.

Delaware, 163, 355.

Dickinson, John, 415.

Duer, William, 415.

Duties, 77;

Massachusetts' share of, 84;

paid by consumers, 271;

uniformity of, 35.

Eastern states, carrying trade of, 162.

Elections, 116;

frequency of, 227;

power of Congress over, 30, 118, 276;

provisions for, 37.

Ellsworth, Oliver, 135, 415.

England, laws of, against treason, 42;

religious freedom in, 168.

Europe, governments of, 256;

treaties with, 89.

“Examiner,” pseudonym of, 18, 416.

Excise forbidden, 118.

Executive, 158, 260, 310;

advice of, 38;

blended with legislative, 240, 275;

council for, 163;

impeachment of, 39;

ineligible, after service, 234;

may be a woman, 319;

method of electing, 263;

not specified, 319;

objections to, 162;

powers of, 39, 261;

power over pardon, 234, 240;

power to convene Congress, 275;

re-eligibility of, 354, 374;

to be elected annually, 119;

under constitution, 37;

vote of, 38;

veto power of, 34.

Ex post facto law, 163.

“Fabius,” pseudonym of, 415.

Federal Government, necessity for, 141.

Federalists, aristocratic tendencies of, 89.

[pg 421]

Findley, William, 100, 321, 415.

Fisheries, 194;

power over, 234.

Flax, 202.

Foreign influence, 103.

Foreign nations, intercourse with, 80.

Forests, value of, 194.

France, public debt to, 73.

Franchise, 226.

Frankland, 258.

Franklin, Benjamin, 23, 26, 218, 321, 370.

“Freeman,” pseudonym of, 415.

“Friend to the Constitution,” 329, 415.

Georgia, 164, 190, 259, 355.

Gerry, Elbridge, 25, 51, 53, 104, 123, 127, 130, 137, 161, 172, 182, 186, 339, 341, 350, 416;

conciliating conduct of, 174;

hypocrisy of, 174;

objections to constitutions, 132;

remarks on, 150.

Goddard, William, 341.

Government, divisions of, 116;

encroaching tendencies of, 376;

General and State linked, 153;

Greek and Roman, 55;

importance, 247;

necessity of, to society, 111;

opposition to, 24;

a strong one necessary for liberty, 147.

Great Britain, dangers from, 190;

resentment of, 89.

Habeas corpus, suspension of, 36.

Hamilton, Alexander, 245, 279, 416.

Hampshire Gazette, 5.

Hancock, John, 3, 5, 10.

Hanson, Alexander Contee, 372, 416.

Hartford, 216.

Harvard College Library, 40.

Holland, public debt due, 73.

Hopkinson, Francis, 416.

Humphrey's Mercury, 415.

Impeachment, 39, 233, 312, 391;

in Massachusetts, 41;

methods of, 30;

powers of Senate in, 29.

Independent Chronicle, 5.

Independent Gazetteer, 218, 415, 416, 417.

India, trade with, 109.

Indian affairs, 301;

lands, 300.

Iredell, James, 416.

Jay, John, 416.

Judiciary, 54, 159, 235, 241;

appeals to, 130, 184, 361;

appointment of, 69;

dangers from, 66, 164;

federal, 83;

limits of 67, 118;

national, 309;

oppressiveness of, 159;

powers of, 96;

restrictions on federal, 119;

state, 241.

“Junius,” pseudonym of, 51.

Jury, trial by, 41, 131, 308.

“Kempis, O'Flanagan,” pseudonym of, 51.

Lamb, John, 173, 245, 416.

“Landholder, A,” 129, 135, 205, 339, 344, 415;

replies to, 123.

Land grants, power of courts over, 75.

Lands, western, 60, 63, 73.

Lansing, John, Jr., 104.

Lee, Gen. Charles, 161.

Lee, Henry, 162.

Lee, Richard Henry, 161, 177, 390.

Liberty of the press, 365.

Locke, 257.

Loyalists, opposition of, to constitution, 143.

M'Henry, James, 131, 187, 347, 350.

McKean, Thomas, 90, 100.

McKnight, Dr. Charles, 416.

MacLaughlin, Neil, 321.

Madison, 162, 231, 325, 387, 416.

Magna Charta, 219.

Maine, secession of, 257.

Manufactures in America, 201.

“Marcus,” pseudonym of, 416.

Martin, Luther, 104, 130, 137, 182, 185, 337, 416.

Maryland, 188;

convention, 327;

Legislature, petition to, 334.

Maryland Journal, 182, 323, 329, 337, 415, 416.

Mason, George, 104, 161, 164, 165, 172, 355.

Massachusetts, 258;

Constitution of, 16;

convention, 105, 187, 349;

proposed resolution for, 84;

debt of, 60;

delegates from, 29;

disadvantages of government for, 102;

early history of, 56;

feebleness of, 257;

impeachment in, 30, 41;

Legislature, action on constitution of, 17;

[pg 422]

means of taxation of, 13;

origin of opposition in, 176;

plan to aggrandize, 182;

position of, 61;

public lands of, 63;

share of the Continental debt, 77;

taxation in, 74;

tender law of, 36, 59;

warning to, 10.

Massachusetts Centinel, 3, 123, 416.

Massachusetts Gazette, 1, 12, 18, 49, 51, 416, 417.

Mercer, James Francis, 104.

Militia, 358;

powers of Congress over, 184;

power over, 342, 354;

State control of, 118.

Minority, powers of, 33.

Monarchy, small danger of, 165.

Money, receipts and expenditures of public, 36.

Monopolies, power of Congress to create, 70;

prevention of, 80.

Montesquieu, 256, 261.

Nails, manufacture of, 202.

Naturalization, 313;

powers of Congress over, 79.

Navigation act, 161;

motion against, 173;

right to make, 234.

Netherlands, condition of, 249.

New England, manufactures of, 201.

New Hampshire, 189, 259;

interest of, 190, 192;

lands in, 75.

New Haven, 216.

New Haven Gazette, 211, 229, 416.

New Jersey, 183, 355.

New Spain, dangers from, 157.

Newspapers, scribblers in, 25.

New York against constitution, 61;

Assembly, 245;

colonial parties, 306;

constitution of, 297, 299;

violation of, 301;

draft of a constitution for, 307;

impost of, 173;

opposition in, 176;

proposed property qualification in, 307;

State convention of 1776, 298;

State debt of, 60;

Executive, 310;

taxation in, 74;

tribute from Connecticut to, 180.

New York Journal, 125, 243, 269, 293, 415, 416, 417.

Nicholas, John, 416.

North Carolina, 258.

North Carolina, State Gazette of, 395, 415, 416, 417.

Northern States, character of people of, 92.

Nova Scotia, 191;

condition of, 89.

“Numa,” pseudonym of, 5, 10.

Oath, 207, 369;

character of, 17, 168;

of President, 38.

“Ocrico,” pseudonym of, 52.

Officers, federal, privileges of, 119.

Office holders, 145;

multiplication of, 88.

“Officer of the Continental Army,” pseudonym of, 415.

“Old Fog,” pseudonym of, 3.

Paper money, 127, 131, 196, 341, 348;

motion to redeem, 174, 186;

states to emit, 119.

Parties, colonial, 306.

People, dangers from, 179;

not to elect representatives, 183;

rights of, 115.

Pennsylvania, 369;

Assembly, 53, 369;

Convention of, 90, 100;

future seat of government, 98;

naturalization in, 79;

opposition in, 176.

Pennsylvania Gazette, 415.

“Pennsylvanian,” pseudonym of, 415.

“Philadelphiensis,” pseudonym of, 417.

“Philo-Publius,” pseudonym of, 415.

Pinckney, C. C., 183.

Pinckney, Charles, 416.

Pittsburg Gazette, 317, 415.

“Plain Dealer, A,” pseudonym of, 385, 416.

Poll tax, 272;

forbidden, 118.

Population, destiny of, 193.

Press, liberty of, 164, 239.

Prices, depressed state of, 142.

Private opinion, freedom of, 170.

“Publicola,” pseudonym of, 415.

“Publius,” pseudonym of, 145, 416.

Quorum, dangers from, 32;

powers of, 33.

Randolph, Edmund, 104, 231, 346, 387.

Randolph, Thomas Mann, 416.

Religion, freedom of, 168, 313;

misuse of, 8.

Religious test, 207, 235;

nature of, 169;

necessity of, 168.

[pg 423]

Representation, 54, 269, 391;

best mode of, 151;

difference of opinion concerning, 354;

smallness of, 236, 240;

want of, 151.

Representatives, House of, 54;

electors of, 28;

insufficiency of, 29;

length of residence necessary, 28;

method of choosing, 152;

method of electing, 27, 357;

people should not elect, 183;

term of, 28;

weakness of, 273.

Republics, Greek and Roman, 94.

“Republican Federalist,” pseudonym of, 416.

Republican government, guarantee of, 43, 106.

Revenue bills, origination of, 34.

Revenue, method of collecting, 193;

Massachusetts' share of, 102;

sources of, 239.

Revolution, the American, 146.

Rhode Island, 105, 108, 115, 159, 196;

junto in, 153;

legislature of, 31, 36.

Rights, delegated, 113.

Roane, Spencer, 385, 416.

Russell, Benjamin, 127.

Scotland, union with England, 216.

Senate, 29, 273;

blended with Executive, 275;

method of choosing, 153;

officers of, 29;

powers of impeachment, 29;

treaty power of, 165, 274;

unspecified character of, 319.

Shay's Rebellion, 5, 13, 57, 72, 157, 159, 257, 391.

Sheep raising, 201.

Sherman, Roger, 183, 211, 229, 416.

Shipbuilding, 61, 194;

carpenters, 61.

Slavery, 258;

responsibility for, 163.

Slaves, importation of, 163.

Smilie, John, 100, 321.

Smith, Melancthon, 173.

South Carolina, 164, 183, 265, 355;

amendment of, 235;

representation in, 108.

Southern States, character of people of 92;

objections to commercial powers, 162.

“Spectator,” pseudonym of, 326.

States, coercion of, 184;

influences, 297;

courts, 54, 159;

absorption of, 297;

dangers to, 153;

destruction of, 342;

powers of, 98;

negative on laws, 360;

legislatures, action of, on constitution, 25;

Congress a check on, 31;

differences between Congress and, 224;

powers of, 152;

power over elections, 31;

representation in, 152;

officers, dangers from, 289;

restrictions on, 36;

rights, 68, 113, 118, 147, 184;

admission of new, 42;

advantages of, 66;

bills of right valid in federal courts, 119;

consolidation of, 97, 255;

destruction of, 375;

disputes between, 64, 100;

equality of, in Senate, 29;

interest of, 215;

large vs. small, 216, 355;

number to organize government, 184;

rights to enforce laws of, 118.

State Gazette of North Carolina, 395.

State Gazette of South Carolina, 416.

State house, 355.

“State Soldier,” pseudonym of, 417.

“Steady and Open Republican,” pseudonym of, 416.

“Steady,” pseudonym of, 326.

Strong, Caleb, 105.

Sullivan, James, 1, 416.

“Sydney,” pseudonym of, 269, 293, 417.

Tax, poll, 273.

Taxation, 156, 193;

dangers of, 81;

direct, 235, 270;

importance of, 271;

in Connecticut, 148, 226;

method of, 77, 358;

powers of Congress over, 97.

Tender acts, 36, 59, 196.

Territory, right to alienate, 80, 118, 234.

Test law, 169, 171, 207, 235.

Town meetings, 226.

Trade, 61;

condition of, 140;

congressional control over, 161;

foreign, 95;

limitations of, 54;

Massachusetts' advantage for, 73;

powers of Congress over, 79;

regulation of, 70.

Trading companies, 70, 109;

forbidden, 118.

[pg 424]

Treason, punishment of, 41.

Treaty power, dangers from, 165.

Treaties, law of the land, 24;

with Europe, 89.

Tucker, St. George, 417.

United States, an agricultural country, 200;

condition of, 81, 121, 158;

dangers to, 178;

differences between the inhabitants of, 91;

too large for government, 257;

tranquillity of, 59.

Vermont, 258.

Vice-president, 240, 263;

duties of, 158.

Virginia, 162, 390;

house of delegates of, 166;

plan to aggrandize, 182;

qualifications of, 306;

method of, 305;

opposition in, 176.

Virginia Gazette, 387.

Virginia Independent Chronicle, 385, 416, 417.

“Vox Populi,” pseudonym of, 12, 16, 18.

Washington, George, 23, 26, 161, 177, 218, 251, 254, 285, 321, 347, 370.

West Indies, condition of, 89.

Western territory, 239.

Willetts, Marinus, 173.

Williams, William, 137, 168, 195, 202, 417.

Williamson, Hugh, 395, 417.

Wilson, James, 90, 96, 100, 112, 218, 335.

Winthrop, James, 40, 49, 417.

Woolen manufactures, 201.

Workman, Benjamin, 417.

Yates, Robert, 104, 173, 269, 293, 417.