Note 585 — Chapter III · PILGRIMS AND PILGRIMAGES (continued 2)

And a very large quantity, beginning as early as the fourth century (to which century belongs the “Itinerarium Burdigala Hierosolymam”), had preceded those. See, among others, “Itinera Hierosolymitana et Descriptiones Terræ Sancta,” ed. Tobler and Molinier, 1879, ff.; “Itinéraires à Jérusalem, rédigés en français aux XIe, XIIe et XIIIe Siècles,” ed. Michelant and Raynaud, 1882, both works forming part of the publications of the “Société de l’Orient Latin.” One of the best among the older guide-books was due to the French monk Bernard in the year 870. The monk, who went by way of Egypt, is brief, accurate, matter of fact, as little emotional as possible, discards all wonders, and is often careful to add: “asseritur,” “dicitur.”