INDEX.

Abbadie, M. d’, on earth tremors, 309

Abbot, General H. L., on the transmission of vibrations, 62

Abella, M., on the earthquake in the Philippines in 1881, 77

Activity, on seismic, 6

Aristotle, on the classification of earthquakes, 41

Artificial earthquakes, experiments on, 57

— — intensity of, 61

Aurora, on the occurrence of, with earthquakes, 264

Ayrton and Perry, on the effect of soft foundations, 130

— — on the period of vibration of buildings, 115

— — on the principle of, 31

Barometer, effect of changes of, on earthquakes, 266

Bertelli, on aurora and earthquakes, 265

— on earth tremors, 316, 320

— on the normal tromometer of, 317

Bittner, A., on the buildings of Belluno, 100

Bridges, on earthquake, 140

Brunton, R. H., on buildings in earthquake countries, 123

Buckle, on the history of civilisation, 1

Builders, interest of the study of earthquakes to, 3

Buildings, on cracks in, 98, 108

— the effect of earthquakes on, 96

— on the irregular destruction of, 96

— — effect on the end house in a row, 112

— — church of St. Augustin at Manilla, 113

— — relation of destruction of, to earthquake motion, 103

— — protection of, 143

— — pitch of the roof of, 110

— — position of openings in the walls of, 111

— — swing of, 115

— — period of vibration of, 115

— — principle of relative periods in, 116

— — types of, for earthquake countries, 121

— — effect of underlying rocks on, 130

— general conclusions regarding, 144

Cacciatore, definition of the, 18

Caldcleugh, A., on earthquake frequency, 245

— on barometric height and earthquakes, 266

Carruthers, J., on earthquakes and tides, 291

Centrum, definition of, 9

— on the depth of, 213

— on the maximum depth of, 218

Centrum, determination of position of, see origins

Chaplin, W. S., on the bracket seismometer of, 27

— on earthquakes and the position of the moon, 252

Coast line, on the movement of, 160

Cocks, R., on earthquakes and tides, 290

Coseismic lines, definition of, 10

Curves, on microseismic, 321

Darwin, Charles, on the movement of coast lines, 160

— George H., on earth tides, 285

— on tidal loads, 291

— on earth pulsation, 330

— on the effect of fluctuations of barometric pressure, 336

— experiments at Cambridge, 310

Delauney, M. J., on the influence of the planets on earthquakes, 261

Diagonic, definition of, 11

Diastrophic, definition of, 11

Direction of motion, from instrumental records, 198

Distribution, on earthquake, 226

— examples of, 231

Disturbance, on the propagation of, 50

Douglas, J., on South American houses, 126

Earth particle, on the velocity and acceleration of, 79

Earthquake motion, nature of, as deduced from the feelings, 67

— direction of, derived from instrumental records, 69

— duration of, 71

— period of vibration in, 74

— examples of extent of, 75–77

— absolute intensity of force in, 83

— radiation of, 85

— velocity of propagation of, 87

Earthquake at Lisbon, velocity of propagation of, 88

Earthquakes, general examples of effects of, 142

— geological changes produced by, 161

— hunting, 187

— distribution of, 226

— maps, 189

— secondary, 248

— table of, for nineteenth century, 259

— on the course of, 277–281

— and tides, 290

— prediction of, 297–304

Elastic waves, nature of, 44

Emergence, angle of, 9

Energy, dissipation of, in earthquakes, 52

— seismic, in relation to geological time, 234

— — table of, 240

Epicentrum, definition of, 9

Euthutropic, definition of, 11

Ewing, J. A., pendulum seismograph of, 25

— astatic pendulum of, 26

— bracket seismograph of, 26

Falb, R., on the influence of the sun and moon on earthquakes, 286

Fissures, on the material discharged from, 148

— on the explanation of, 151

Focal cavity, definition of, 9

— on the form of, 221

Forbes, D., on an earthquake in Mendoza, 151

Frequency of earthquakes, 243

Frere, Sir H. Bartle, on geological changes produced by earthquakes, 161

Fuchs, on sea waves, 176

— on the movement of the seismic centre, 233

— on earthquakes and volcanic outbursts, 271

— on hot springs, 157

Fumaroles, the effect of earthquakes on, 156

Geinitz, Dr., on sea waves, 182

Geologists, on the interest of seismology to, 2

Gray, T., astatic pendulum of, 26

— bracket seismometer of, 27

— conical pendulum of, 29

— dead heat pendulum of, 22

— on the rotation of bodies, 196

— rolling spheres and cylinders of, 29

— torsion pendulum seismometer of, 25

— vertical motion seismometers of, 32, 33

— and Milne, seismograph of, 38

Hattori, I., on the large earthquakes of Japan, 244

Haughton, Prof., list of active volcanoes of, 227

— method of finding earthquake origins of, 209

Hills, on the want of support on the face of, 136

Höfer, on an earthquake at Belluno, 225

Hoffmann, F., on the barometer and earthquakes, 267

Hooke, on earthquake motion, 42

Hopkins, on the thickness of the earth’s crust, 284

Humboldt, on meteors and earthquakes, 261

— on the barometer and earthquakes, 267

— on volcanoes and earthquakes, 279

Imagination, effect of earthquakes on the, 2

Instruments, direction of motion derived from, 198

Intensity, on earthquake, 51, 71

— seismic curve of, for Kioto, 242

Isoseismic circles, definition of, 10

— areas, definition of, 10

Kluge, on sea waves, 175

— on earthquake frequency, 246

— on simultaneous earthquakes, 248

— on earthquakes and sun spots, 263

— on earth pulsations, 339

Kreil, pendulum seismometer of, 25

Lakes, on disturbances in, 154

Land, effect of earthquakes on, 146–162

— on the reason of movements of, 162

— on cracks and fissures formed in, 146

Level, on the use of for earth pulsations, 328

Literature, on seismic, 6

— on Japanese earthquake, 7

Mallet, R., on area of disturbance as a test of seismic energy, 78

— on clock stopping, 36

— list of works on earthquakes of, 5

— curve of seismic energy of, 238

— definition of earthquake of, 43

— on earthquake frequency, 243

— on the influence of the heavenly bodies on earthquakes, 253

— on maximum depth of origin, 218

— on pendulum seismometers, 20

— projection seismometer of, 17

— on the Neapolitan earthquake, 69, 77, 83, 97, 103, 132, 142, 218, 280

— on sea waves, 170

— on the swing of mountains, 135

— on propagation from a fissure, 217

Mallet on the temperature of focal cavity, 84

Malvasia, M. le Conte, on earth tremors, 316

Martin, D. S., on the New England earthquake of 1874, 142

Meizoseismic area, definition of, 10

Melzi, on curves of microseismic motion, 322

Meteors, on earthquakes and, 260

Microseismic movements, on cause of, 324

Milne, D., on the Lisbon earthquake, 87

— on earthquake synchronism, 247

Mitchell, on earthquake motion, 42

Moon, effect of, on earthquakes, 251, 285

Mountains, on the swing of, 135

Naumann, E., on meteors and earthquakes, 261

— on sun spots and earthquakes, 263

Ocean, on disturbances in, 163–186

Origin, definition of, 9

— on the determination of, 187

— position of, deduced from direction of motion, 192

— — from destruction of buildings, 194

— — from rotation of bodies, 195

— — from time of occurrence, 199

— — examples of methods of calculating, 200–212

Oscillations, on earth, 344

Overturning moment, on the area of greatest, 53

Palmer, Col. H. S., on earth tremors, 307

Palmieri, on clock stopping, 36, 62

Paul, H. M., on earth tremors, 308

Perrey, A., on the influence of the moon on earthquakes, 251

Perrey on the periodicity of earthquakes, 8

Perry, J., on position of openings in walls, 111

Physicists, on the interest of earthquakes to, 2

Planets, influence of, on earthquakes, 260

Plantamour, M., on earth pulsations, 328

Pleistoseists, definition of, 10

Poly, M. A., on earthquakes and sun spots, 263

— on earthquakes and revolving storms, 294

Prost, M. le Baron, on earth tremors, 316

Pulsation, on earth, 4, 326–343

Records, on receivers of, 33

Rivers, on disturbances in, 154

Rockwood, Prof., on American earthquakes, 6

Ronaldson, T., on San Francisco houses, 129

Rossi, M. S. di, on an eruption of gas in the Tiber, 153

— aurora and earthquakes, 264

— earth tremors, 317, 320

— earth oscillations, 346

— earth pulsations, 327

— microseismograph of, 318

— microphonic observations of, 319, 323

— normal tromometer of, 317

Schmidt, on the influence of barometric pressure on earthquakes, 267

Sea waves, on nature of, 165

— on cause of, 171

— seldom produced by earthquakes which originate inland, 175

— on velocity of propagation of, 177

— examples of, 179

Seasons, frequency of earthquakes at different, 254

Seebach, on the determination of origins, 211

— on the focal cavity, 224

Seismic vertical, definition of, 9

Seismic and volcanic phenomena, relation of, 270

— — conclusions regarding, 275, 295

Seismology, definition of, 9

Seismometers, on various forms of, 17–40

Seismoscopes, on various forms of, 13–20

Serpieri, P. A., on distribution of seismic movement, 231

Shadows, on earthquake, 137

Spring, on frequency of earthquakes during, 156

Stukeley, on earthquake motion, 42

— earthquakes and aurora, 265

Succussatore, definition of, 10

Sun, on the effect of, on earthquakes, 253, 285

Temperature, effect of changes of, on earthquakes, 268, 294

Terremoto, definition of, 10

Thomson, Sir W., on the rigidity of the earth, 285

Time, on recording apparatus for, 35

Travagini, F., on earthquake motion, 42

Trembelores, definition of, 10

Tremors, on earth, 3, 306–325

Understanding, effects of earthquakes on, 2

Verbeck, on the ball and plate seismometer of, 31

Vibration, on the nature of earthquake, 12

Vorticose motion, on, 70

— definition of, 10

Wagener, on the pendulum seismometer of, 25

— vertical motion seismometer of, 33

— list of earthquakes, 76

Wave paths, definition of, 9

Waves, on the nature of earthquake, 55

— on the interference of, 138

Wells, on the effect of earthquakes on, 156

Wenthrop, on the New Zealand earthquake of 1855, 79

West, on the parallel motion seismometer of, 28

Winslow, on pulsations of the ocean, 334

Wolf, R., on earthquakes and sun spots, 263

Woodward, on earthquake motion, 42

Young, Dr. T., on earthquake motion, 43

Zantedeschi, M. F., on the influence of the sun and moon on earthquakes, 285

Zöllner, on the bracket seismometer of, 27

— on earth tremors, 309

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