INDEX

Acacia bushes, beauty of 3

use 50

Administration by native Shêkhs 27

Akaba 122

Alexandria 111

Amulets 42

Animals resembling seaweed 8

Arabs 15

Archean rocks 127

Arms 23, 27

use of 28

Arûs harbour 148

Association of corals and higher animals 94

with microscopic plants 95

Atbara route to Nile ix

district 19

Axum, mediaeval trade route of 39

Baraka flood and delta 151

Benas, Ras 141

Biologist’s justification viii, x

Bisharia, tribe 15

Block mountains 125

Boring animals 101

Boundaries of Anglo-Egyptian coast vii

Brothers Islets 123

Cape Verde Islands 110

Cats 45

Challenger Society x

Clams (Tridacna) 69, 100

as food 59

pearls from 69

Climate, Red Sea coast 118

Clione, boring sponge 101

Corals, animal nature of 85

cups and polyps 85

colours 93

formation of colonies 89

genera Caryophyllia (British coral) 87, 91

Dendrophyllia 89

Fungia 92

Galaxea 94

Madrepora 91

Porites 89, 100

(see also plates 26 and 28 and explanation p. 88)

life-history 98

physiology 86, 95

place in evolution 96

plant-like nutrition 95

sizes of colonies 89, 91

variety of forms 90

Coral Reefs—see Reefs

“Coralline” seaweed 100

Crystallisation of coral limestone 111

Cymodocea, a marine plant 108

Daedalus shoal 124

Dance, religious 41

Darwin’s theory of atoll formation 114, 136

Delta of the Baraka 151

Depth of Red Sea 121

Destruction of corals 100

Devil fish or sting rays 70

Dhow, or sambûk sailing vessels 59

Diving, as seamanship 63

for pearl oysters 66

Divorce 75

Dongonab Bay 104, 138, 141

reefs in 153

Dongonab plain 155

Dulawa harbour 147

Dunn, Sudan Government Geologist vii

Eclipse of the moon 47

Elevation of reefs above sea 131, 133

in Pemba and Zanzibar 109, 110

Eunice, marine worm 101

Evil eye 44

Evolution 96

Faulting, geologic term 122

Fijab harbour 148

Fishing 68

Fish spearing 70, 71

Funafuti atoll reef 114

Gardiner, Prof. J. Stanley ix

Geologic time 97, 132

Geological history of Red Sea, summary 154

Gordon 14

Gregory, Professor 122, 125

Hamitic natives 16

personality of 22

Harbours, natural 146

Hardihood of natives 30, 54, 78

Honesty 49

Ibrahim’s wife 76

Jebel Abu Shagara and J. Têtâwib 138, 143

Jedda 12, 21

Linnean Society x

Lithodomus, boring mollusc 101

Lithothamnia, stony seaweeds 110

Luxuries, native 55

Mabrûk, Swahili slave 20

Makawar Island 134, 135, 138

Manufactures 80

Maritime plain 3, 10, 127

Marital relations 32, 73

Medical ideas 47, 78

Medicine, ink as 43

Milking 44

Mohammedanism 33

Mûled dance and service 40

Murray, Messrs x

Nationalities on coast 15

Negroes 17

Newness (geologically) of Red Sea coast 132

Ornaments 24, 25

Osman Digna 20, 27

Pearling 65

Pearls, from Tridacna clams 69

theory of origin of true pearls 44

Pholas, coral borer 103

Plant and animal interchange of oxygen 94

Porites—see Corals

Porpoise 45

Port Sudan 1, 9, 133, 146

approach by sea 1, 136

reefs at 83, 100, 103

Port Sudan-Atbara route to Khartum ix

Prayer 39

Pseudoscarus 101

Rainfall 120

Rain squall 7

Raised shore-lines 134

Rawaya peninsula 127, 131, 138, 145

Reefs, coral Australian Barrier 117

classification of 113

constituents 99, 131

elevated above sea 83, 131

form of surface 104

fringing and barrier 1, 113, map 137

growth of 100, 105

living of Red Sea 152

origin by abrasion 106, 140

origin of atolls 114

pictorial 5, 8, 92

sandstone, Alexandria 111

sandstone, Cape Verde Islands 110

Zanzibar 89, 109

Religion 33, 35

Rift Valley, the Great 122

step formation of sides 122, 143

Rising and sinking lands 133

Sailors, Arabian 59

Hamitic 65

Salak 127, 141, 149

Sambûk (or dhow) sailing vessel 59

Sand-eating animals 103

Sandstone hills 129

Sanganeb lighthouse 10

atoll reef 124

Sea gardens 8, 92

Seaweed, stony 100

Sexual morality 26, 32

Shêkh Barûd (Port Sudan), stories of 37

Shêkhs, living 27

as dead saints 36, 38

Shinab Harbour 147

Shubuk reefs 150

Slaves’ stories 19

Social relations 32

Songs of labour 31

Sting rays or devil fish 70

Suakin 10, 13, 146

archipelago 9, 150

Subsistence of natives 50

Sunset land 8

Superstitions, native 42

British 49

Tella Tella Island 154

Tents of nomads 53

Têtâwib hill 143

Tides of Red Sea 121

Tokar, dervish stronghold 20

oasis, delta of Baraka floods 151

Travel by sea 150

Trinkitat 150

Tubipora 110

Uganda railway, crossing Rift Valley 124

Utensils 55

Vegetation 3, 52

Vermetus 110

Volcanoes 123

Warning coloration of sting rays 71

Wedding and Arabian sword dances 57

Wiai harbour 148

Women, personality and influence 24, 73, 81

Xenia 151

Yemêna ravine and oasis 130

Zanzibar reefs 89, 109, 117

CAMBRIDGE: PRINTED BY JOHN CLAY, M.A. AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS.

Plate II

(Large-size) Fig. 2. Map of Red Sea