NOTE
Reading edition
It is impossible to give here a complete key to the pronunciation of Chinese words. For those who wish to pronounce with approximate correctness the proper names in this volume, the following may be a rough guide:—
a as in alms. ê " u in fun. i " ie in thief. o " aw in saw. u " oo in soon. ü " u in French, or ü in German. ŭ " e in her. ai " aye (yes). ao " ow in cow. ei " ey in prey. ow " o (not as ow in cow). ch " ch in church. chih " chu in church. hs " sh (hsiu=sheeoo). j " in French. ua and uo " wa and wo.
The insertion of a rough breathing ʽ calls for a strong aspirate.