Front matter (continued 13)

Tanoyen, for To anoyen, to annoy, to injure, B 492.

Tanswere, (tanswèrə), i.e. to answer, D 1589.

Tapere, for To apere, to appear, T. ii. 909 n.

Tapes (taapez), pl. tapes, A 3241.

Tapicer, s. upholsterer, maker of carpets, A 362.

Tapite, v. cover with tapestry, 3. 260. Cf. Lat. tapetum.

Tappe, s. tap, A 3890, 3892.

Tappestere, s. female tapster, barmaid, A 241, 3336.

Tarditas, s. slowness, I 718.

Tare, s. tare, kind of weed, A 1570; tare (single stem of tares), A 4000, 4056.

Tarede, for To arede, to explain, T. iv. 1570 n.

Tareste, for To areste, to arrest, F 1370.

Targe, s. target, shield, A 471, 975; 7. 33; defence, 1. 176.

Tarien, v. tarry, B 983; delay (used actively), F 73; Tarien, ger. to delay, waste, A 2820; to tarry, T. ii. 1019; Tarie, 1 pr. s. tarry, T. iii. 1195; 2 pr. pl. subj. F 1233; Taried, pt. s. tarried, 5. 415; caused (them) to wait, B 3463; Taried, pp. delayed, T. ii. 1739.

Tarraye, for To arraye, to array, arrange, E 961.

Tart, adj. of sharp flavour, pungent, A 381.

Tartre, s. tartar, G 813; oille of Tartre, (probably) cream of tartar, or bitartrate of potassium, A 630. F. tartre, Low Lat. tartarum. 'An acid concrete salt, deposited from wines when perfectly fermented; ... when in the crude state, it is much used as a flux in the assaying of ores'; Webster.

Taryinge, s. tarrying, delay, 5. 565; A. ii. 25. 20; A 821; Tarying, 5. 468.

Tas, s. heap (see note), A 1005, 1009, 1020. O.F. tas.

Tassaille, for To assaille, i.e. to assail, 9. 40; E 1180.

Tassaye, for To assaye, to test, prove, try, 3. 346, E 454, 1075.

Tasseled, pp. fringed, provided with tassels, R. 1079; Tasseld, A 3251.

Tassemble, for To assemble, to bring together, D 89.

Tassoille, for To assoille, i.e. to absolve, C 933.

Tassure, for To assure, B 1231.

Tast, s. taste, relish (for), 5. 160.

Taste, v. try, test, L. 1993; Tasted, pt. s. tasted, experienced, T. i. 639; Taste, imp. s. feel, G 503 (see note).

Tath, pr. s. takes, B 728 n.

Taughte, pt. s. of Teche.

Taverne, s. tavern, A 4376, C 663, I 411; Tavernes, pl. A 240, C 465.

Taverner, s. innkeeper, C 685.

Tavyse, for To avyse (me), to deliberate, B 1426.

Tawayte, for To awayte, to dwell, remain, 25. 7.

Tayl, s. tail, L. 393; B 3224, D 1687, F 196; Tayle, dat. 3. 640; Tayles, pl. B 3222.

Taylage, s. taxation, 9. 54. Lit. 'taking by tally.' See Taillages.

Tecches, pl. evil qualities, defects, T. iii. 935; characteristics, HF. 1778. See Tache.

Teche, v. teach, instruct, A 308, 482, B 1180, G 343; tell, D 1019; ger. to show, R. 518; Techen, v. direct, B 4139; ger. to inform (him of), D 1326; Taughte, 1 pt. s. taught, told, D 1050; pt. s. A 497, B 133; Teching, pres. part. teaching, showing, pointing out, A. ii. 12. 14.

Teching, s. teaching, A 518.

Te deum, the anthem so called, D 1866.

Teer, s. tear, E 1104. See Tere.

Teeth, pl. of Tooth, L. 2006.

Tehee, interj. (denoting) laughter, hee-hee! A 3740.

Telle, v. tell, recount, relate, 1. 128; A 38, B 1185, 1634; compute, 3. 440; ger. to tell, to be told, F 447; Tellen, ger. to tell, T. i. 1; A 72; v. tell, recount, 2. 13; Telle, 1 pr. s. account, 5. 326; B 4344; Telle no tale, set no store, 5. 326; Telles, pr. s. (Northern form), tells, 3. 73; HF. 426; Tolde, 1 pt. s. counted, HF. 1380; accounted, D 203, 208; Tolde, pt. s. accounted, B 3676; pt.pl. esteemed, T. i. 131; Told, pp. told, A 715; herd told, heard (it) told, T. i. 197; Tolde, pp. pl. told, B 56; Tel, imp. s. tell, B 1167; 1. 57; Tel forth, tell out, D 1298; Telleth, imp. pl. 3. 555; 1135; B 1346, D 61, 1289, H 311. A.S. tellan.

Tembrace, for To embrace, T. v. 224; E 1101.

Teme, s. theme, C 425 n. See Theme.

Temen, v. bring; temen us on bere, bring us on our bier, let us die, HF. 1744. A.S. tēman, tȳman, to bring forward (Schmid).

Temper, s. mood, R. 346.

Temperaunce, s. temperance, moderation, F 785.

Tempest, s. storm, 1. 42; 7. 314; A 406; tempest (see note), A 884; Tempestes, pl. HF. 966.

Tempest thee, imp. s. violently distress thyself, 13. 8; Tempest, 2 pr. s. subj. vex, perturb, B 2. P 4. 50.

Tempestous, adj. tempestuous, T. ii. 5.

Temple, s. temple, 1. 145; E 2293, F 296; inn of court, A 567; Temples, pl. T. iii. 1115.

Temple-dore, s. temple-door, 5. 239.

Temporel, adj. temporal, T. iv. 1061; D 1132; Temporels, pl. temporal, B 2188; Temporeles, I 685.

Tempre, v. control; Temprede, pt. s. modulated, B 3. m 12. 14; Tempred, pt. s. tempered, 5. 214; Tempred, pp. tempered, G 926. (In alchemy, to temper is to adjust or moderate the heat at which a thing is melted.)

Temps, s. tense; futur temps, future tense, futurity, time to come, G 875. See the note.

Temptour, s. tempter, D 1655.

Ten, ten, A 454; ten so wood, ten times as mad, L. 735. Cf. Two.

Tenbrace, for To enbrace, B 1891.

Tencresen, for To encresen, to increase, E 1808.

Tendeth, pr. s. tends, B 1. p 6. 30.

Tendre, adj. tender, R. 541, 857, 1013; A 7, 150, 2828; Tender, 1. 180.

Tendre-herted, adj. tender-hearted, T. v. 825.

Tendrely, adv. tenderly, A 1197, E 686, H 165; bitterly, R. 332; Tendreliche, T. iv. 353, 369; Tenderly, feelingly, 2. 93; 7. 129.

Tendernesse, s. tenderness, L. 2280.

Tendure, for To endure, E 756, 811.

Tendyte, for To endyte, to compose, write, 5. 167; 7. 9; T. i. 6; L. 310 a; to relate, L. 1345; A 1209; Tendite, G 80 n.

Tene (téénə), s. vexation, R. 157; 1. 3; T. i. 813, iv. 1605; A 3106; sorrow, grief, 7. 140, 168; HF. 387; T. v. 240; cross, trouble, T. ii. 61. A.S. tēona.

Tenour, s. outline of the story, L. 929.

Tenquere, for To enquere, to ask, 1. 113; E 1543.

Tenspyre, for To enspyre, i.e. to inspire, G 1470.

Tente, s. tent, 1. 9, 41; T. v. 148, 845; A 1021, B 3570, 3762; Tentes, pl. 7. 154; T. v. 670.

Tenthe, tenth, T. iv. 1595, 1598; HF. 63, 111; Tenthe some, company of ten (see note), T. ii. 1249.

Tentifly, adv. attentively, carefully, E 334.

Tercel, adj. male (of an eagle), 5. 393, 449; as s. male eagle, 5. 405, 415; Tercels, pl. male, 5. 540. See note to 5. 371.

Tercelet, s. male falcon, 5. 529, 533; F 504, 621; Tercelets, pl. male birds of prey, 5. 659; male hawks, F 648. 'Tiercelet, m. the tassell, or male of any kind of hawke, so tearmed, because he is, commonly, a third part lesse then the female'; Cotgrave's French Dict. F. tiercelet.

Terciane, adj. tertian, B 4149.

Tere (tèèrə), s. tear, B 3251, 3852, F 894; Teer, (for Tere, before a vowel), E 1104; Teres, pl. 2. 10; 4. 8; 12. 9; A 1280, B 70, 3853.

Tere (tèrə), v. tear, B 1326; scratch, R. 325; Torn, pp. L. 2103.

Terins, s. pl. tarins, siskins, R. 665. F. tarin.

Terme, s. set time, appointed time, T. v. 696, 1090; HF. 392; L. 2499, 2510; period, space of time, 3. 79; end, goal, B 3. m 9. 35; 'term,' a portion of the zodiac (see note), F 1288; (during the) term, A 1029, D 1331; terme of his lyve, while he lives, G 1479; in terme, in set phrases, C 311; Termes, pl. set expressions, pedantic phrases, A 323, 639, B 1189, G 1398; legal jargon, R. 199; bounds, limits, B 3. m 12. 40; borders, B 2. m 8. 8; periods, A 3028; terms, T. ii. 1037; HF. 857; C 51, F 1266.

Terme-day, s. appointed day, 3. 730.

Termyne, v. determine, express in 'good set terms,' 5. 530.

Terrestre, adj. earthly, E 1332.

Terslet, s. male hawk, 5. 393 n. See Tercelet.

Terve, pr. s. subj. flay, G 1274 n; Terved (not Terned), pp. skinned, G 1171 n. (This is certainly the right word; in G 1171, read terved [not torned], and in G 1274, read terve [not torne]. See my letter in the Athenaeum, Mar. 24, 1894. So in Havelok, 603, for tirneden read tirueden = tirveden, i.e. rolled back. In Allit. Poems, B. 630, for tyrne read tyrue = tirve, flay. In Gawain and the Grene Knight, 1921, for tyrnen read tyruen = tyruen; so again in the Wars of Alexander, ed. Skeat, 4114. Cf. Over-tyrvyn, subverto; Prompt. Parv.; A.S. tearflian; Low G. tarven, um tarven, up tarven, den Rand von einem Kleidungsstücke umschlagen, das innerste auswärts kehren.')

Tery, adj. tearful, T. iv. 821.

Tescape, for To escape, 18. 50; F 1357.

Tespye, for To espye, to spy out, espy, L. 966, B 1989, 4478, D 398; Tespyen, for To espyen, to see, to look about, E 1257, 1410.

Testament, s. last will, D 424; Testaments, pl. wills, D 1306.

Testers, pl. head-pieces, A 2499. O. F. testiere, 'a sallet, or steel-cap'; Cotgrave.

Testes, s. pl. vessels for assaying metals (Tyrwhitt), G 818. A vessel called a 'testa' is figured in Theatrum Chemicum, iii. 326. See Test in Webster.

Testif, adj. heady, headstrong, T. v. 802; A 4004.

Tete, s. teat, A 3704.

Tevery, for To every, T. iii. 912 n.

Tewel, for Tuwel, D 2148 n. See Tuwel.

Texpounden, for To expounden, to expound, to explain, B 1716.

Text, s. text, quotation from an author, T. iii. 1357; L. 328; B 45; saying, A 177, 182; text (as opposed to a gloss), 3. 333; Textes, pl. texts, authorities, H 236.

Textuel, adj. well versed in texts, learned, H 235; I 57.

Teyd, pp. tied, bound, E 2432.

Teyne, s. a thin plate of metal, G 1225, 1229; Teynes, pl. G 1332, 1337. Lat. tænia, Gk. ταινία, a band, fillet, riband, strip.

Th', for The; common, as in thabsence, for the absence.

Thabbot, for The abbot, B 1827 n.

Thabsence, the absence, A 1239.

Thadversitee, the adversity, E 756.

Thakketh, pr. s. strokes, pats, D 1559; Thakked, pp. stroked, A 3304. A.S. þaccian; see note.

Thalighte, for Thee alighte; in thee alighte, alighted in thee, B 1660.

Thalmyghty, for The almighty, 5. 379.

Thamendes, for The amendes, the amends, 3. 526.

Thamorouse, for The amorouse, T. iv. 1431 n.

Than, conj. than, A 322, 1036; see Then.

Than; see Thanne.

Thangel, for The angel, B 3206.

Thank, s. expression of thanks, A 612; thanks, T. i. 21, 1015, 1060; A. pr. 39; E 2388; can th., owes thanks, A 1808; his th., the thanks to him, L. 452; my thankes, by my goodwill, willingly, R. 1666; his thankes, of his free will, willingly, B 3. p 11. 63; R. 1321; A 1626, 2107, D 272; hir thankes, of their own will, A 2114, I 1069.

Thanke, 1 pr. s. thank, E 1088; Th. hit thee, thank thee for it, 10. 51; Thanken, pr. pl. F 354; Thanked, 1 pt. s. thanked, R. 587; Thanking, pres. pt. 5. 672. See Thonke.

Thanne, adv. then, 3. 1191; T. v. 1427; L. 1342; D 2004, I 104; Than, then, 1. 118; 2. 86; 3. 754; 5. 82; A 12, 1479, B 3368, &c.; next, 5. 324; er than, sooner than, before, G 899; Thenne, then, T. ii. 210.

Thanswere, for The answere, D 2072.

Thapocalips, for The Apocalypse, HF. 1385.

Thapostle, the apostle, B 2596, 2824, D 49, 1881.

Thaqueintaunce, the acquaintance, T. v. 122.

Thar, pr. s. impers. (it) is necessary, is needful; thar ye, it is needful that ye, B 2258; thar thee, it is needful for thee, you need, or thou needst, B 2. p 3. 62 (see note); B 3. p 11. 71; D 329, 336, 1365, H 352; him thar, it is needful for him, he needs, 1. 76; 3. 256; T. ii. 1661; he must, A 4320; Thurte, pt. s.; th. him, he needed, R. 1089, 1324; yow thurfte, you would need, you need, T. iii. 572. A.S. þurfan; pr. t. þearf, pt. t. þorfte.

Tharivaile, for The arivaile; the arrival, the landing, HF. 451.

Tharmes, for The armes, the arms, armorial bearings HF. 1411.

Tharray, for The array, A 716, B 393, D 1075, F 63.

Thascry, for The ascry, the alarm, T. ii. 611.

Thassay, for The assay, the endeavour, 5. 2.

Thassege, the siege, T. iv. 1480; the besieging force, T. iv. 62.

Thassemblee, the assembly, R. 505; B 403.

Thassemblinge, the assembling, B 2431.

That, rel. pron. that which, 3. 635, 708; T. v. 1335; B 3976, D 781, I 307; whom, 3. 979; that of, from whom, 3. 964; That oon, the one, 3. 1290; 5. 143; A 4013; That other, the other, 3. 634, 1290; 5. 143; A 4013; That, with reference to whom, G 236; conj. that, A 1, &c.; so that, 3. 566; 4. 135; as that, 3. 959; as, as well as, B 1036; because, B 3. p 4. 32; if that, if, 3. 969, 971.

Thaventayle, for The aventayle, the mouthpiece of a helmet, T. v. 1558.

Thavisioun, for The avisioun, the vision, B 4313 n; Thavision, 3. 285.

Thavys, for The avys, the advice, A 3076.

The, def. art. A 2, &c.

The; as in The bet, by so much the better, 3. 668; The las, by so much the less, 3. 675. A.S. þȳ*.

The, for Thee, pers. pron. T. i. 879, F 676, &c.

Théatre, s. theatre, area for a tournament, A 1885; theatre, B 1. p 1. 35.

Thedom, s. success, B 1595. See note. From A.S. þēon, to thrive.

Thee, v. thrive, prosper, R. 1067; never mot she thee, may she never prosper, 5. 569; mot he never thee, may he never prosper, T. ii. 670; lat him never thee, let him never prosper, B 4622, D 2207; thou shalt never thee, E 1388; he shal never thee, G 641; also moot I thee, as I may thrive, as I hope to prosper, 4. 267; B 2007, D 1215, E 1226; so moot I thee, D 361; as mote I thee, T. i. 341; so theech, for so thee ich, as I may thrive, as I hope to prosper, C 947, G 929; so theek, for so thee ik, as I hope to prosper, A 3864. A.S. þēon.

Theef, s. thief, robber, D 1338, 1351, F 537, H 224, 234; false wretch, 3. 650; 7. 161; L. 2330; D 800; Theves, gen. thief's, L. 465; Theves, pl. thieves, D 1194; robbers, 1. 15; Thevis, D 2173.

Theefly, adv. like a thief, L. 1781.

Thee-ward, to, towards thee, B 2. p 1. 9.

Theffect, for The effect, the result, T. i. 212; L. 622, 1160, 1924; A 1189, B 893, G 1261; the substance, pith, L. 1180, 2403; the matter, contents, 2. 56; the source, D 1451; the moral, B 2148; the sum (of the matter), A 2366; Theffectes, pl. the effects, A 2228.

Thefte, s. theft, R. 1136.

Thegle, for The egle, i.e. the eagle, B 3573.

Their, for The eir, the air, D 1939.

Thembassadours, the ambassadors, T. iv. 140, 145.

Theme, s. text, thesis, C 333, 425. See Teme.

Themperour, for The emperour, the emperor, 3. 368; B 248; Themperoures, the emperor's, B 151.

Then, conj. than, 4. 235; 7. 173, 297; L. 1693, 2092; Than, A 322, 1036, &c.

Thencens, for The encens, the incense, A 2277, 2938; L. 2612.

Thenchauntements, pl. the enchantments, A 1944.

Thenche, v. imagine, A 3253. See Thenke.

Thencheson, for The encheson, the reason, cause; T. v. 632. See Enchesoun.

Thencrees, for The encrees, the increase, A 275.

Thende, for The ende, the end, 16. 45; T. ii. 260; B 423, 965, 3269.

Thengendring, for The engendring, the process of production, HF. 968.

Thengyn, for The engyn, the (warlike) engine, HF. 1934.

Thenke, v. think of, 5. 311; Thenken, ger. to think, 3. 100; Thenke, 1 pr. s. think, intend, E 641; Thenkestow, thinkest thou, T. iv. 849, 1088; thou thinkest, T. ii. 1373; Thenketh, pr. s. 7. 105; Thenken, pr. pl. F 537; Thoghte, 1 pt. s. thought, 3. 448; Thought, pp. considered, B 2. p 7. 77; Thenk, imp. s. think, A 3477, H* 362; Thenke on, think of, 16. 47; Thenketh, imp. pl. think, T. i. 26; D 1165, E 116; remember, C 75. A.S. þencan. See Thenche.

Thenne, adj. thin, A 4066. (A Kentish form.) See Thinne.

Thenne, adv. then, T. ii. 210. See Thanne.

Thenne, adv. thence, D 1141.

Thennes, adv. thence, i.e. away from that place, T. iv. 695; thence, R. 791; T. iii. 1145; B 308, 510, 1043, F 326, 327, 960; as s., the place that, G 66.

Thennes-forth, adv. thenceforth, B 1755; fro th., from such time, B 4. p 3. 13.

Thentencioun, for The entencioun, i.e. the intention, G 1443.

Thentente, for The entente, the design, B 930; the purpose, end, G 1306; the meaning, T. v. 1630.

Thentree, for The entree, the entrance, A 1983.

Thenuoye, for The envoy, 19. 21 n.

Thenvyous, for The envyous, the spiteful, malicious, 3. 642.

Theologie, s. theology, I 1043.

Theorik, s. theory, theoretical explanation, A. pr. 63; theory, B 1. p 1. 22 n.

Ther, adv. there, B 62, 1190, &c.; where, T. ii. 618, v. 488, 711; L. 785, &c.; when, B 474; whither, at which, B 469; whereas, D 1213, G 724; wherefore, T. iii. 1437; wherever, D 128; wherewith, A. ii. 29. 9; as to which, T. ii. 588; wherefore (I pray that), D 1561.

Ther-aboute, adv. concerned with that matter, HF. 597; about it, D 1837; thereupon, therein, G 832; round it, A 937.

Therafter, adv. afterwards, 3. 66.

Ther-agayns, prep. against that, I 665; Ther-ayeins, in reply, T. ii. 369.

Ther-as, Ther as, there where, where, B 2384, D 78, F 1207, 1214; there, I 162; whereas, D 1177; where that, L. 28 a, 839; A 34, 172, B 2237; when that, L. 1277; wheresoever, B 4. m 7. 44; Ther-as that, where, 1. 160; Ther that, where, F 267.

Therbe, for The erbe, the herb, HF. 290.

Ther-bifore, adv. before that time, D 631; beforehand, E 689, 729.

Ther-biforn, adv. beforehand, A 2034; before the event, B 197, C 624; previously, A 3997.

Therby, by it, to it, D 984, 1015; into possession of it, F 1115; beside it, R. 1184.

Ther-fore, adv. therefore, A 189; for that purpose, A 809, F 177; on that account, L. 1863; E 445; on that point, E 1141; Therfor, for it, L. 1391.

Therfro, therefrom, from it, R. 1660; HF. 895.

Ther-inne, therein, in it, R. 506; 5. 33; T. iii. 1632; B 1945, 3573.

Ther-of, adv. with respect to that, E 644; concerning that, 3. 1132; A 462; from that, 3. 1166; thereby, I 314; of it, 20. 8.

Ther-on, adv. thereupon, A 160; thereof, F 3.

Ther-oute, adv. out there, out in the open air, B 3362; outside there, G 1136.

Therthe, for The erthe, the earth, R. 1423, 1428; 5. 80.

Therto, adv. besides, moreover, HF. 1650; 3. 704, 1006; A 48, 153, 757, B 135, D 1251; to it, 2. 100; also, likewise, R. 1262.

Ther-upon, adv. immediately, A 819.

Ther-whyles, whilst, B 5. p 6. 159; Ther-whyle, for that time, 1. 54.

Therwith, adv. withal, for all that, 3. 954; moreover, 12. 5; F 931, H 123; thereupon, 3. 275, 659; at the same time, B 3210, F 194.

Ther-with-al, thereupon, HF. 2031; A 1078; therewith, with it, by means of it, R. 1444; 5. 405; A 566; beside it, besides, R. 226; L. 1175; B 3131, 3612; at once, L. 148; thereat, L. 864.

Theschaunge, for The eschaunge, the exchange, T. iv. 146, 158, 160.

Theschewing, for The eschewing, the avoiding (of anything), 5. 140.

Thestat, for The estat, the estate, the rank, condition, A 716; Thestaat, B 128, I 332.

Theves; see Theef.

Thewed, pp.; wel thewed, of good thews, or habits, of good disposition, 4. 180.

Thewes, s. pl. habits, natural qualities, L. 2577; E 409, 1542; good qualities, virtues, HF. 1851; G 101; customs, habits, manners, T. ii. 723; morals, HF. 1834; wikkede thewes, immoralities, B 4. p 3. 51. A.S. þēaw.

Thexcellent, for The excellent, B 150.

Thexcuse, for Thee excuse, D 1611.

Thexecucion, for The execucion, the execution, 10. 65.

Thexpériénce, the experience, E 2238.

They, pron. they, A 373, 375, &c.

Thider, adv. thither, L. 1475; A 1263, B 144, C 749.

Thider-ward, adv. thither, A 2530.

Thikke, adj. thick, A 549, D 868, F 159; substantial, B 4. p 2. 100; repeated, B 4. m 5. 12, 16; stout, plump, A 3973; Thurgh thikke and thenne, through thick and thin, A 4066.

Thikke, adv. thickly, R. 1396, 1419.

Thikke-herd, adj. thick-haired, A 2518.

Thikker, adj. comp. thicker, 5. 273.

Thikke-sterred, adj. thickly covered with stars, A. ii. 23. 1.

Thilke, that, R. 660; 3. 785, 16. 23, 22. 12, &c.; such a, A 182; that same, A 1193, F 188; that very, that same, C 753, G 197; that sort of, I 50; pl. those, HF. 173; L. 366; A. i. 7. 5.

Thimage, for The image, L. 1760; B 1695.

Thing, s. fact, C 156; property, wealth, R. 206; D 1132, G 540; deed, legal document, A 325; for any thing, at any cost, A 276; Thing, pl. things, 3. 349; L. 11, 2140; Thinges, pl. things, A 175; matters of business, B 1407, 4279; poems, L. 364; pieces of music, F 78; services, prayers, B 1281, D 876.

Thingot, for The ingot, G 1233; cf. 1314. See Ingot.

Thinke, v. think, A 346. Put for thenke; see Thenke.

Thinke, v. seem, T. i. 405; Thinketh, pr. s. impers. (it) seems, L. 247, 1300; B 1901, 3968, C 801, F 406; me th., it seems to me, 3. 547, 998; A 37, 2207, G 308; how th. yow, how does it seem to you, D 2204; Thinke, pr. s. subj. (it) seem, L. 2671; Thoghte, pt. s. impers. (it) seemed, L. 1697; Thoughte, pt. s. L. 134, 1976; B 3703, E 406, F 527; me thoughte, it seemed to me, A 385; him th., it seemed to him, A 682; us th., it seemed to us, A 785; hir th., it seemed to her, D 965, 967; hem th., it seemed to them, B 146, C 475. A.S. þyncan.

Thinne, adj. thin, A 679; slender, B 2. m 7. 14; poor, feeble, 9. 36; E 1682; scanty, limited, G 741; Thenne, A 4066. A.S. þynne.

Thirleth, pr. s. pierces, 7. 211; Thirled, pp. 7. 350; T. ii. 642; A 2710. A.S. þyrlian, þirlian.

This, A 175, &c.; contracted form of this is, T. ii. 363, iii. 936, v. 151; HF. 502; E 56, F 889; This is, pronounced this, 5. 411, 620; A 1091, D 91, 1041; Thise (dhiiz), pl. (monosyllabic), A 701, B 59, &c.

Tho (dhòò), pl. those, 3. 914; T. i. 931; L. 153, 1575; A. i. 8. 4; A 498, 1123, 2351, 3246; those, them, D 595. A.S. þā.

Tho (dhòò), adv. then, at that time, R. 525; 3. 234; 5. 298; L. 210, 1629; A. ii. 1. 8; A 993, 3329, &c.; still, 3. 1054. A.S. þā.

Thoccident, for The occident, the west, B 3864.

Thoffice, for The office, the duty, B 2863.

Thogh, Though, though, 3. 914; 4. 200; A 68, 253; as though, as if, A 553; yet, 3. 670.

Thoght, s. thought, A 479; anxiety, B 1779, E 80; Thought, anxiety, T. i. 579.

Thoghte; see Thenke.

Thoghtful, adj. moody, I 677.

Tholde, for The olde, pl. the old, D 857.

Tholed, pp. suffered, D 1546. A.S. þolian.

Thombe (thumbə), s. thumb, A 563, F 83, 148; Thoumbe, A. i. 1. 1.

Thonder (thunder), s. thunder, A 492, F 258; T. ii. 233, iii. 662; Thunder, L. 1219.

Thonder-clappes, s. pl. thunder-claps, I 174.

Thonder-dint, s. stroke of lightning, T. v. 1505; D 276; Thonder-dent, thunder-clap, A 3807.

Thonderer (thunderer), s. thunderer, B 4. m 6. 2.

Thonder-leyt, s. thunder-bolt, B 1. m 4. 8 (see note); lightning, I 839.

Thondre (thundrə), pr. s. subj. thunder, B 2. m 4. 11.

Thonke, 1 pr. s. thank, E 380; Thonketh, pr. s. F 1545; Thonked, pt. s. T. i. 124, iii. 1130; Thonked, pp. D 5; Thonketh, imp. pl. B 1113; Thonkinge, pres. pt. T. iii. 1552. See Thanke.

Thonóur, for The honour, T. i. 120; B 1767, E 1449.

Thorgh, prep. through, 5. 127, 129. See Thurgh.

Thorient, for The orient, the east, B 3871, 3883.

Thoriginal, for The original, L. 1558.

Thorisonte, for The orisonte, the horizon, E 1797, F 1017.

Thorisoun, for The orisoun, the prayer, A 2261.

Thorn, s. thorn-tree, A 2923; thorn, T. ii. 1272, iii. 1104; Thornes, pl. hawthorns, B 2. m 3. 10; thorns, 1. 149; T. ii. 1274.

Thorough-perced, pp. pierced through, B 3. p 1. 2.

Thorp, s. village, E 208 n; Throp, E 199, 208; Thorpes, pl. 5. 350; Thropes, gen. sing. of a village, I 12; pl. D 871. A.S. þorp.

Thorrible, for The horrible, B 473 n.

Thorugh-passen, pr. pl. penetrate, B 4. m 3. 32.

Thought, s. anxiety, T. i. 579; see Thoght.

Thoughte; see Thenke, and Thinke.

Thoumbe, s. thumb, A. i. 1. 1. See Thombe.

Thourgh-girt, pp. struck through, T. iv. 627. From M.E. gurden, to strike; see gurden (2) in Stratmann.

Thousand, R. 870; A 1669; L. 1; Thousandès, pl. thousands, T. v. 1802.

Thousand-fold, T. i. 819; C 40.

Thral, s. thrall, slave, subject, servant, 3. 767, 12. 23; L. 1313; B 3343, C 183, 189, 202, D 155, 1660, F 769, G 196, H 357, I 142; Thralles, pl. I 152.

Thral, adj. subject, B 3. m 5. 6; enthralled, A 1552, I 137; Thralle, pl. enthralled, B 2751; Thral, as pl., L. 1940. (Apparently an adjectival use of the sb. above).

Thraldom, s. bondage, slavery, B 286, 338; servitude, T. ii. 856; I 142.

Thralle, v. subject, T. i. 235; Thrallen, v. enthral, T. ii. 773; subjugate, R. 882.

Thraste, pt. s. thrust, T. ii. 1155; pt. pl. C 260. See Threste.

Thredbar, adj. threadbare, A 260, 290; Thredbare, I 419.

Threde, dat. of Threed.

Threde, v. thread, R. 99.

Three, three, A 164, 639, &c.

Threed, s. thread, L. 2018; A 2030; thread (of destiny), T. v. 7; Threde, dat. R. 104; 5. 267.

Threpe, 1 pr. pl. (we) call, assert to be, G 826. 'Threap, v. n. to maintain or insist pertinaciously; to repeat or reiterate obstinately. A.S. þrēapian, to afflict, chide.' Atkinson's Cleveland Glossary.

Threshfold, s. threshold, B 1. p 1. 54; A 3482, E 288, 291.

Thresshe, v. thrash, A 536.

Threst, s. thirst, B 2. m 2. 15 n. See Thurst.

Threste, v. thrust, push, A 2612; Thresten, v. thrust, B 2. p 5. 29; Threste, 2 pr. pl. thrust, B 2. p 5. 100; Threste, pt. s. thrust, E 2003; Threste, pt. pl. vexed, T. iv. 254. A.S. þrǣstan. See Thraste.

Threte (thrèètə), v. threaten, L. 754; Threteth, pr. s. T. iv. 909; I 646. A.S. þrēatian.

Threting, s. threatening, menace, G 698.

Thretty, adj. thirty, F 1368.

Threw, pt. s. of Throwe.

Thridde, third, 4. 29; HF. 308; L. 287, 1660, 1932; R. 955, 980; T. iii. 2, 1818; A 1463, 2271, &c.

Thrift, s. success, welfare, T. ii. 847; profit, success, G 739, 1425; good thrift bad, prayed for the welfare (of), blessed, T. iii. 1249; by my thrift, if I succeed, T. ii. 1483, iv. 1630.

Thriftieste, thriftiest, most successful, T. i. 1081; most thriving, T. ii. 737.

Thriftily, adv. carefully, A 105; profitably, A 3131; encouragingly, F 1174.

Thrifty, adj. profitable (to the buyer), B 138; profitable, B 46, 1165; serviceable, D 238; provident, 7. 197.

Thrilled, for Thirled, T. ii. 642 n.

Thringe, v. press, T. iv. 66; Throng, pt. s. forced his way, 7. 55; thrust, E 2353; Thringing, pr. pt. thronging, R. 656. A.S. þringan.

Thriste, v. thrust against, support, B 4. m 7. 41; Thriste, pt. s. thrust, T. iii. 1574; Thrist, pp. B 4. p 4. 142. Icel. þrȳsta.

Thrittene, thirteen, D 2259.

Thritty, thirty, E 1421.

Throf, pt. s. of Thryve.

Throng, s. A 2612.

Throng, pt. s. of Thringe.

Throp, s. thorp, small village, E 199, 208; Thropes, gen. of a village, I 12; Thropes, pl. D 871. See Thorp.

Throstel, s. throstle, song-thrush, 5. 364. See Thrustel.

Throte, s. throat, 3. 945; T. iii. 1250; A. i. 21. 53; Throtes, pl. R. 192, 507; 3. 320.

Throte-bolle, s. ball of the throat, 'the protuberance in the throat called Adam's apple,' A 4273.

Through-out, quite through, 11. 3.

Throwe, s. short space of time, while, period, 2. 86; 7. 93; L. 866, 1286; T. ii. 687, 1655; B 953, 3326, E 450; time, T. iv. 384, v. 1461; D 1815, G 941. A.S. þrāg.

Throwe, ger. to throw, T. ii. 971; Throweth, pr. s. 4. 99; Threw, pt. s. T. iii. 184; Threwe, pt. pl. R. 786; Throwe, pp. thrown, L. 1960; Throwen, pp. cast, HF. 1325; twisted, turned, T. iv. 1159.

Throwes, pl. torments, T. v. 206; throes, T. v. 1201. Icel. þrá; A.S. þrēa.

Thruste, v.; pr. s. Thrusteth, thirsts, yearns, L. 103. (MS. Tn. has thursteth.) See Thurste.

Thrustel, s. throstle, thrush, B 1963; Throstel, 5. 364; Thrustles, pl. R. 665.

Thrustel-cok, s. male thrush, B 1959.

Thrye, adv. thrice, T. ii. 89, 463.

Thryes, adv. thrice, 5. 61; L. 2686; A 63, 463, 562, 2952, B 1732.

Thryve, v. thrive, prosper, R. 1067; T. i. 966; E 172; ger. G 1411; so thr. I, as I hope to thrive, D 1764; Thryveth, pr. s. grows up, B 5. m 4. 19; Throf, pt. s. flourished, B 3. m 4. 3.

Thryvinge, pres. pt. as adj. vigorous, B 5. m 4. 15 (Lat. uigens).

Thunder, s. L. 1219; see Thonder.

Thunderinge, pres. pt. thundering, A 2174.

Thundringe, s. thundering, thunder, HF. 1040.

Thunworthiest, the unworthiest, 22. 19.

Thurfte, pt. s. impers. (with yow), you would need, you need, T. iii. 572. See Thar.

Thurgh, prep. through, 1. 27; through, by, G 325; by means of, A 920, B 1669, 3434; by, B 22, 35, F 11.

Thurgh-darted, pp. transfixed with a dart, T. i. 325.

Thurghfare, s. thoroughfare, A 2847.

Thurgh-girt, pp. pierced through, A 1010. From M.E. gurden, to strike.

Thurghout, prep. throughout, B 3303, F 46; all through, B 256, 464; quite through, C 655.

Thurgh-shoten, pp. shot through, T. i. 325.

Thurrok, s. sink, the lowest internal part of a ship's hull, I 363 (see note), 715. A.S. þurruc.

Thurst, s. thirst, B 100, I 343. A.S. þyrst.

Thurste, v.; Thursteth, pr. s. thirsts, T. v. 1406; L. 103 n; Thursted him, pt. s. impers. he was thirsty, B 3229. A.S. þyrstan.

Thurte; see Thar.

Thus, thus, A 705, 872, &c.

Thwitel, s. large knife, whittle, A 3933. From þwit-, zero-grade of A.S. þwītan; see below.

Thwyte, pr. pl. whittle, cut up for, HF. 1938; Thwiten, pp. carved, whittled, R. 933. A.S. þwītan.

Thyn, poss. pron. thine, B 101, 104, 3584; Thy, B 73, 74.

Thy-selven, thyself, A 1174; Thy-self, 1. 126; 13. 13.

Tid, pp. of Tyde.

Tidifs, s. pl. small birds, F 648. Skinner guessed this to mean a titmouse, but adduced no authority; cf. Icel. tittr, a tit, small bird; and cf. Eng. titmouse, titlark. Drayton, in his Polyolbion, bk. xiii, mentions a singing-bird which he calls a tydy. The tydy cannot be the wren, as Nares supposes, because Drayton names the wren at the same time. See the note.

Tikel, adj. unstable, A 3428. Cf. E. tickl-ish.

Tikelnesse, s. lack of steadiness, instability, 13. 3.

Tikled, pt. s. tickled, D 395.

Til (before a vowel), prep. to, A 180, 1478, G 306; as a Northern word (before a consonant), A 4110; Til and fra, to and fro (Northern), A 4039. Icel. til.

Til, conj. until, till, 4. 59; L. 117; A 1760, F 346, G 1171; til that, A 1490, F 360.

Tilien, ger. to till, cultivate, B 2780.

Tilyere, s. tiller, B 5. p 1. 55.

Tilyinge, s. tillage, tilling, B 5. p 1. 50.

Timber, s. material, T. iii. 530; timber, HF. 1980; A 3666.

Timbestere, s. female timbrel-player, tambourine-player, R. 769. See below.

Timbres, s. pl. timbrels, tambourines, R. 772. O. F. timbre; from Lat. tympanum.

Tin, s. tin, G 828.

Tinned, pp. covered with tin, HF. 1482.

Tipet, s. tippet, cape, A 233, 3953; HF. 1841.

Tipped, pp. furnished with a horn tip, D 1737, 1740; marked on the tip, B 4093.

Tiptoon, pl. tiptoes, B 4497. See To, s.

Tirannye, s. tyranny, 2. 6; 7. 66; L. 375; B 165, 3691, 3698.

Tiraunt, s. tyrant, F 1387; Tiraunts, pl. L. 374; I 765. See Tyraunt.

Tissu, s. tissue, R. 1104; Tissew, a band, T. ii. 639.

Tit, pr. s. betides, T. i. 333. See Tyde.

Titering, s. hesitation, vacillation, T. ii. 1744. Cf. Icel. titra, to quiver; G. zittern.

Title, s. title, B 3512; pretence, T. i. 488.

Titlelees, adj. without a title, usurping, H 223.

Tixted, pp. learned in texts, H 316 n.

To (tòò), s. toe, A 2726; Toon, pl. toes, B 4052, 4370 n; HF. 2028; Toos, pl. toes, B 4370. A.S. tā; pl. tān.

To (tóó), prep. to, A 2; gone to, A 30; (used after its case), G 1449; for, 1. 184; as to, as for, L. 2096; to regard, in respect of, B 4. m 3. 25; him to, for him, 3. 771; to that, until, 4. 239; To and fro, T. iv. 460, 485; D 1085, H 53.

To, adv. too, L. 260 a; 3. 796; A. ii. 25. 20; B 2129, 3712, I 828, 829; besides, A. ii. 45. 16; moreover, beside, T. i. 540; overmuch, G 1423; to badde, too evil, very evil, L. 2597; to dere, too dearly, C 293; to late, too late, T. ii. 398.

To- (1), intensive prefix, lit. in twain, asunder. A.S. tō-, G. zer-.

To- (2), prepositional prefix, as in To-forn. A.S. tō-, G. zu-.

To-bete, v. beat amain, T. v. 1762; beat severely, G 405 (see the note).

To-breke, v. break in pieces; To-breketh, pr. s. (it) breaks in pieces, R. 277; breaks asunder, G 907; is violently broken, HF. 779; To-breke, imp. s. break in twain, B 3. m 9. 31; To-broken, pp. broken in pieces, destroyed, 16. 1; To-broke, pp. broken in half, D 277; severely bruised, A 4277. A.S. tō-brecan, to break in twain.

To-breste, v. burst in twain, T. ii. 608; To-breste, pr. s. subj. may (she) break in twain, T. iv. 1546; may be broken in twain, 1. 16; To-breste, pr. pl. break in pieces, A 2611; To-brosten, pp. broken in twain, A 2691, 2757. A.S. tō-berstan.

To-cleve, v. cleave in twain, T. v. 613. A.S. to-clēofan.

To-dasshte, pt. s. dashed violently about, R. 337; To-dasshed, pp. much bruised, T. ii. 640.

Tode, s. toad, I 636.

To-drawen, pr. pl. allure, B 4. m 3. 30; To-drowen, pt. pl. tore in pieces, B 1. p 3. 27; To-drawen, pp. distracted, B 1. p 5. 48.

To-driven, pp. scattered, L. 1280. A.S. tō-drīfan.

To-forn, prep, before, F 268; god to-forn, before God, in God's sight, T. i. 1049, ii. 431, 1409, iii. 849.

To-forn, adv. in front, beforehand, B 5. p 6. 191.

To-geder, adv. together, 5. 555; To-gider, L. 649; B 3222; To-gidre, A 824, 2624, I 203; To-gedres, 3. 809; To-gidres, C 702, G 960. A.S. tō-gædere.

Toght, adj. taut, D 2267. See toht in Stratmann.

To-go, pp. dispersed, L. 653. See note.

To-greve, v. grieve excessively, T. i. 1001.

To-hangen, v. hang thoroughly, put to death by hanging, HF. 1782. See note.

To-hepe, adv. (lit. into a heap), together, T. iii. 1764; L. 2009; A. i. 14. 5; B 4. p 6. 47, 182. See note to L. 2009.

To-hewen, pr. pl. hew in twain, A 2609; To-hewen, pp. cut through, T. ii. 638; To-hewe, pp. hewn in pieces, B 430, 437. A.S. tō-hēawan.

Toke, 2 pt. s. tookest, 3. 483; Toke, pt. pl. took, F 1240; received, F 356. See Take.

Tokenes, pl. tokens, B 1549.

Tokeninge, s. token, T. iv. 779; Tokening, token, proof, G 1153.

Tokneth, pr. s. marks, points out, B 1. m 6. 12 (Lat. signat).

To-laugh, pr. s. laughs out, laughs excessively, T. ii. 1108. (Short for to-laugheth.)

Told, -e; see Telle.

Tollen (1), v. take toll, A 562.

Tollen (2), v. attract, entice, B 2. p 7. 11. See Tulle.

Tombe (tumbə), s. a tomb, B 1871, D 497. See Toumbe.

Tombesteres, s. pl. fem. dancing girls, lit. female tumblers, C 477. A.S. tumbian, to tumble, dance; tumbere, a tumbler, tembestre, a dancing girl. See the note.

Tomblinge (tumblingə), pres. pt. as adj. fleeting, transitory, B 2. m 3. 16 (Lat. caducis). See Toumbling.

To-melte, v. melt utterly, T. iii. 348.

To-morwe, s. tomorrow, B 5. p 6. 16; A 780; Tomorn, D 1245, 1583.

Tonge (tunggə), s. tongue, 3. 930; A 265, 712, B 899, 1852, C 356, 398, E 1184, F 35; Tong (written for Tonge, before a vowel), L. 2334; Tonges, gen. tongue's, T. i. 395; Tonge, dat. L. 1675; speech, language, 16. 21; T. ii. 14, v. 1794; A. pr. 25; F 711; Tonges, pl. 4. 6; B 3497. A.S. tunge. See Tunge.

Tonged, pp. tongued, 3. 927.

Tonges (tonggez), s. pl. tongs, I 555.

Tonne (tunnə), s. tun, barrel, cask, 5. 104; L. 195; A 3894, D 170, E 215, I 859; Tonnes, pl. tuns, vessels, B 2. p 2. 55. A.S. tunne.

Tonne-greet, adj. great as a tun, A 1994.

Took, pt. s. of Take.

Tool, s. instrument, weapon, B 4106.

Toon, Toos, pl. of To, s.

Tooth, s. A 3888, D 449; Teeth, pl. L. 2006.

Tooth-ake, s. toothache, R. 1098.

Top, s. top, A 2915, 3869 (see note); A. ii. 42 a. 2 (p. 231); top (of the mast), main-top, L. 639; top, tuft of hair, C 255; top (of the head), A 590; crown (of the head), T. iv. 996; Top and tail, beginning and end, HF. 880; Toppe, dat. L. 738.

To-race, pr. pl. subj. tear in pieces, E 572. Here race is probably short for arace, to tear up; see Arace in the New E. Dict.

Torche, s. torch, 3. 963; 4. 83; L. 2419; Torch (so written before a vowel), 4. 91; Torches, pl. 4. 26; L. 2610.

Tord, s. piece of dung, B 2120, C 955. A.S. tord.

To-rende, v. rend in twain; To-renden, pr. pl. rend in pieces, wound, B 4. p 6. 224; To-rende, pr. pl. subj. tear in pieces, T. ii. 790; To-rente, pt. s. distracted, T. iv. 341; rent asunder, B 3215, 3451, C 709; tore in pieces, L. 820; tore violently, L. 2188; To-renten, pt. pl. tore in pieces, B 1. p 3. 28; To-rent, pp. rent in pieces, R. 329; 5. 432; C 102, E 1012. O. Friesic tō-renda.

Torets, pl. small rings on the collar of a dog (see note), A 2152. And see Turet.

Torment, s. torment, suffering, 5. 65; B 845; Turment, R. 274.

Tormente, pr. s. subj. torment, 18. 53; Tormenteth, pr. s. A 1314. See Turmente.

Tormentinge, s. tormenting, torture, E 1038.

Tórmentóur, s. tormentor, 10. 18; executioner, B 818, G 527, 532; Tormentoures, pl. G 373; Tormentours, G 376; Tormentours, s. pl. as adj. tyrannous, B 1. p 4. 27.

Tormentrye, s. torture, D 251.

Tormentyse, s. torment, B 3707.

Torn, s. turn, C 815; Turn, 16. 42.

Torn, pp. of Tere, v.

Tornen, v. turn, T. iii. 179; A. i. 21. 3; Torne, v. turn, G 1403; return, A 1488; Tornest, 2 pr. s. T. i. 196; Torneth, pr. s. T. i. 324; Torne, pr. s. subj. (substituted for Terve), G 1274; Tornede, pt. s. T. iii. 444; Torned, pp. turned, B 3. p 2. 34; (substituted for Terved), G 1171. O.F. torner. See Turne; and see Terve.

Torney (turnei), s. tourney, T. iv. 1669.

To-romblen (tō-rumblen), v. rumble, crash, L. 1218.

Tortuos, adj. lit. tortuous, i.e. oblique, applied to the six signs of the zodiac (Capricorn to Gemini), which ascend most rapidly and obliquely, A. ii. 28. 19; Tortuous, B 302.

To-scatered, pp. scattered abroad, dispersed, D 1969.

To-shake, pp. shaken to pieces, L. 962; tossed about, L. 1765.

To-shivered, pp. been broken to pieces, been destroyed, 5. 493.

To-shrede, pr. pl. cut into shreds, A 2609.

To-slitered, pp. slashed with numerous cuts, R. 840. Sliteren is a frequentative form of sliten, to slit.

To-sterte, v. start asunder, burst, T. ii. 980.

To-stoupe, v. stoop forwards, D 1560.

To-swinke, pr. pl. labour greatly, C 519.

Total, adj. complete, I 292.

To-tar, pt. s. tore in pieces, rent, B 3801. See To-tere.

Totelere, subst. as adj. tattling, tale-bearing, L. 353. See note; and see tutelere in Stratmann.

To-tere, pr. pl. rend, tear in pieces, C 474; To-tar, pt. s. rent, B 3801; To-tore, pp. G 635; To-torn, pp. torn in pieces, B 3. m 2. 13; much torn, 5. 110; defaced, T. iv. 358; torn, dishevelled, R. 327. A.S. tō-teran.

Tother; the tother (for that other), the other, L. 325 a. See Oon.

To-trede, v.; al to-trede, trample under foot, I 864.

Toty, adj. dizzy, A 4253. Cf. E. tott-er. Spenser has totty; F. Q. vii. 7. 39; Shep. Cal. Feb. 55.

Touche, s. touch, T. v. 443.

Touche, 1 pr. s. touch on, slightly indicate, 5. 285; Toucheth, pr. s. touches, A. ii. 27. 3; concerns, T. ii. 1407; Touchedè, pt. s. touched, A 2561; Touched, pt. s. referred to, 7. 114; Touchinge, part. pres. touching, concerning, D 2290, F 1130.

Touchinge, s. touch, I 207.

Tough, adj. troublesome, pertinacious, in phr. make it tough, to behave in a troublesome, pertinacious, and forward manner, T. v. 101; made it tough, was captious, 3. 531; behaved pertinaciously, T. iii. 87.

Toumbe, s. a tomb, F 518; Tombe, B 1871, D 497.

Toumbling, adj. perishing, B 3. p 9. 124; instable (Lat. caduca), B 2. p 4. 110. See Tomblinge.

Toun, s. town, A 217, 240, 478; farm, B 4138, I 898, 899; neighbourhood, R. 446; Toune, dat. town, T. i. 270; B 1983, 2028 (see notes), D 2294; Tounes, pl. L. 714; A 3025. See Towne.

Tour, s. tower, 1. 154; 3. 946; L. 1960; A 1030, 1277, B 3599, 3615, F 176; tower, citadel, B 4. p 6. 33; tower (of London) A 3256; mansion (in astrology), 4. 113; Toure, dat. (after of), A. ii. 41. 2; Toures, pl. 9. 24, 60; T. v. 730; B 2523, 3561, D 870. (In B 2096, the sense is that his crest was a miniature tower, with a lily above it.) F. tour.

Touret, s. turret, A 1909.

Tourne, v. turn, T. ii. 688; return, D 988. See Tornen.

Tourneyinge, s. fighting in a tourney, a tournament, R. 1206.

Tourneyment, s. a tournament, B 1906.

Tourning, s. turning round, R. 761.

Toute, s. buttocks, backside, A 3812, 3853. Cf. Icel. tūta, a peak, prominence.

Toverbyde, ger. to overbide, i.e. to survive, D 1260.

Tow, s. tow, A 3774 (see note), D 89; Towe, dat. L. 2004.

Tow, Towh, adj. tough, T. ii. 1025 n. See Tough.

Toward, prep. towards, A 27, C 119, 805; Towardes, C 706, F 1579.

Towayle, s. towel, cloth, R. 161; Towaille, B 3935, 3943. F. touaille, O. F. toaille.

Towne; out of t., out of the town, away, T. iii. 570, 577, 1091. See Toun.

To-wonde, pt. s. subj. (?) might fly in pieces, might become broken, 4. 102; or pt. s. (with substitution of the weak for the strong form, as in abreyde), flew in pieces, became broken. The latter is more likely. The form towond, flew in pieces, occurs in Sir Ferumbras, 2568 (see Stratmann), and answers to an A.S. *tō-wand, pt. t. of *to-windan. The simple form wand is properly intransitive, as in 'him þæt hēafod wand forð on þā flore,' his head flew (or rolled) forward on the floor (Judith, 110); and in 'him wand þæt hēafod of,' his head flew (or rolled) off, Oros.v. 2. Lastly, it is possible that we should read towond, the true pt. t. form; we must then also read hond and lond; and, in fact, lond is preferable. The explanation 'whirl about' in the Century Dictionary is absurd. The spear would not be said 'almost to whirl about' or 'almost to revolve'; this involves a bathos. The form towonde in Layamon, 4537, seems to be a similar substitution for towond. It can hardly be from towendan (as in Stratmann), because that verb is properly transitive.

To-yere, adv. this year, T. iii. 241; HF. 84; D 168.

Trace, s. trace, steps, 14. 3; Traas, trace, trail, procession, L. 285; Tras, trail, B 5. m 5. 3.

Trace, 1 pr. pl. trace out, follow, go, 5. 54.

Trad, pt. s. of Trede.

Tragedie, s. a tragedy, tragic tale, B 3163, 3648, 3951; B 2. p 2. 51; pl. tragedies, B 3161; B 3. p 6. 3. See Tregedie.

Tragedien, s. writer of tragedy, B 3. p 6. 2.

Trailinge, pres. pt. I 419.

Traisoun, s. treason, B 4307. See Tresoun.

Traitorye, treachery, 7. 156; B 781; Traiterie, HF. 1812.

Traitour, s. traitor, L. 1659; HF.267; Traytour, 3. 1120.

Transferred, pp. B 2. p 5. 13.

Transfigure, ger. to transfigure, A 1105.

Transformeth, pr. s. transforms, B 4. p 6. 102; Transformed, pp. I 896.

Transitorie, adj. transitory, B 3. p 4. 40, p 8. 27; T. iii. 827.

Translacioun, s. translation, L. 324; Translacions, pl. I 1085.

Translaten, ger. to translate, L. 370; Translated into, transferred to, B 2. p 5. 15; Translated, pp. L. 329, 425; A. pr. 47; changed, dressed afresh, E 385.

Transmutacioun, s. change, 10. 1; A 2839; -ouns, pl. HF. 1969.

Transmuwe, v. transform, T. iv. 467; Transmuwed, pp. T. iv. 830.

Transporten, v. extend, B 1. p 4. 155; Transporteth, pr. s. transports, B 3. p 9. 15.

Trappe, s. trap, snare, 17. 24; A 145, F 1341, G 11; trap-door, entrance, T. iii. 741.

Trapped, pp. furnished with trappings, A 2890.

Trappe-dore, s. trap-door, T. iii. 759.

Trappures, pl. trappings for horses, A 2499.

Tras, s. trace, trail, B 5. m 5. 3. See Trace.

Traunce, s. trance, T. ii. 1306, iv. 343; A 1572, E 1108, 1750, F 1081; half-conscious state, B 3906; brown study, D 2216.

Traunce, ger. to tramp about, T. iii. 690 (see note). 'Trawnce, v. to tramp. "Thae'rt noan fit to trawnce up an' deawn o' this shap"; E. Waugh, Factory Folk, p. 195.' Lancashire Glossary, by Nodal and Milner, p. 269. Cf. Lat. transire.

Travaile, s. labour; Travayle, hard work, R. 576; labour, T. i. 21; Travaile, labour and sorrow, 3. 602; work, motion, 10. 70; Travaille, labour, pains, T. i. 372; E 1210; Travailes, pl. labours, B 4. m 7. 20.

Travaile, v. labour; Travaille, v. D 1365; Travaileth, pr. s. reflex. endeavours, B 3. p 11. 63; Travayleth, pr. s. travels, R. 370; Travailen, 2 pr. pl. toil, B 2. p 7. 47; Travaileden, pt. pl. laboured, B 5. p 3. 31; Travailed, pp. afflicted, B 4. p 6. 184; Travailinge, pres. pt. travailing, A 2083.

Trave, s. wooden frame for holding unruly horses, A 3282. O. F. tref, from Lat. acc. trabem, beam.

Travers, s. 'traverse,' a curtain, screen, T. iii. 674 (see note); E 1817.

Trayed, pt. s. betrayed, HF. 390; L. 2486. Cf. E. be-tray. See Traysen.

Trays, s. traces, T. i. 222; A 2139. O. F. trais, pl. of trait, a trace. The E. traces is a double plural; see trait in Littré.

Traysen, ger. to betray, T. iv. 438. From O.F. traiss-, a stem of the verb trair (F. trahir); see Trayed.

Trayteresse, s. fem. traitress, 3. 620, 813.

Traytour, s. traitor, R. 1051; A 1130; Traytours, gen. pl. of traitors, hence traitorous, C 896.

Treble, adj. triple, B 4. m 7. 26.

Trecherye, s. treachery, trickery, 5. 347; 7. 158; B 4520.

Trechoures, pl. traitors, R. 197. Spenser has treachour, F. Q. i. 4. 41; &c. O.F. tricheor.

Trede, 1 pr. pl. tread, A 3022; Tret, pr. s. treads, T. ii. 347; D 2002; Trad, pt. s. trode, B 4368; Troden, pt. pl. HF. 2153; Troden, pp. stepped, C 712.

Trede-foul, s. tread-fowl, treader of fowls, B 3135, 4641.

Treding, s. treading, B 3145.

Tree, s. tree, T. iii. 543; L. 785, 802; B 3933; wood, R. 948; T. ii. 47; D 101, E 558; the cross, A 3767, B 456; Trees, pl. R. 602, 605; 5. 173; A 607; B 4581.

Tragédie, s. tragedy, sad story, T. v. 1786; see Tragedie.

Tregetour, s. a juggler who used mechanical contrivances, HF. 1277 (see note); Tregetoures, pl. magicians who perform mechanical tricks, F 1141; Tregetours, F 1143; HF. 1260. O.F. tresgetteres (Roquefort).

Tremour, s. tremor, T. v. 255.

Trench, s. a hollow walk, alley, F 392. F. trancher, to cut.

Trenchant, adj. cutting, sharp, A 3930.

Trenden, v. revolve, B 3. m 11. 2. See trenden, in Stratmann.

Trentals, pl. (sets of) thirty masses for the dead, D 1717, 1724.

Tresor, s. treasure, wealth, 4. 256; 7. 32; L. 1652, 2658; B 442, C 779; Tresoor, D 204; Tresore, 3. 854; Tresour, R. 1180; T. iii. 874; B 3401; Tresours, pl. R. 184.

Tresorere, s. treasurer, 1. 107; 19. 18.

Tresorie, s. treasury, HF. 524; I 893.

Tresoun, s. treason, treachery, 9. 63; L. 1783; D 723; Treson, A 2001, F 139, 506; Tresón, betrayal, 3. 1122; Traisoun, B 4307; Tresons, pl. treasons, C 91.

Trespace, v. trespass, do wrong, transgress, sin, R. 1036; B 3370; Trespassen, 2 pr. pl. I 138.

Trespas, s. trespass, wrong, B 2547, F 1366; fault, transgression, L. 408, 463; 4. 49.

Trespassours, s. pl. offenders, B 2548.

Tresse, s. a (three-fold) plait (of hair), R. 779; HF. 230; A 1049; Tresses, pl. braids (of hair), R. 1021, 1107; L. 249; C 37, E 2308.

Tresse, ger. to dress (my) hair, to plait, R. 599; Tressed, pp. plaited, R. 569, 779; D 344.

Tressour, s. head-dress, R. 568. Probably a 'caul,' or net of gold thread. O.F. tressoir, tressour, treçoer; cf. Low Lat. tressorium.

Tret, pr. s. of Trede.

Tretáble, adj. tractable, docile, I 658; yielding, L. 411; inclinable, 3. 923; inclined to talk, 3. 533. Lit. 'treatable.'

Trete (trèètə), v. treat, T. iv. 58, v. 134; treat of, tell, 5. 34; ger. to treat, B 3501; to treat of, write, L. 575; Treten, ger. to speak, converse, C 64; Treten, pr. pl. treat, narrate, T. i. 742; Trete, pr. pl. discourse, treat, B 4453, C 630, F 220; L. 275 a, 309 a; Treted, pp. explained, B 5. p 1. 2.

Tretee, s. treaty, HF. 433; A 1288, B 3865, C 619; treaty, discussion, F 1219; agreement, E 1892.

Tretis, s. treaty, T. iv. 64, 136, 670; B 233; treatise, account, T. ii. 1697; treatise, A. pr. 4; story, B 2147; Tretice, treatise, I 957; Tretys, a treaty, E 331; Tretis, pl. treatises, A. ii. 34. 10.

Tretys, adj. well-proportioned, long, A 152; well-fashioned, R. 1016, 1216; graceful, R. 932. O.F. tretis, traitis; see vol. i. p. 144, l. 1201 of the French text.

Trewe, adj. true, 3. 1287; 6. 44; A 531, B 135, D 1243, F 465; honest, L. 464; Trewe, adj. faithful, B 2. m 5. 2 (Lat. fidelibus); Trew, honest, F 537; as sb. pl. the faithful, B 456. A.S. trēowe, trȳwe.

Trewe, adv. correctly, 8. 4.

Trewe, s. truce, T. iii. 1779, iv. 58; Truwe, T. iv. 1312, 1314; Trewes, pl. the days of truce, T. v. 401. A.S. trēow.

Trewe love, s. true-love, probably a leaf of herb paris (see note), A 3692.

Trewely, adv. truly, certainly, 3. 33, 35, 1048, 1197; L. 317; A 481, 761, E 53, F 910; Trewly, 3. 1111, 1151; Treweliche, E 804.

Trewer, adj. truer, 6. 117.

Trewer, adv. more truly, 3. 927.

Treweste, adj. superl. truest, F 1539; Trewest (before a vowel), 7. 217.

Treye, num. 'tray,' three, C 653. O. F. trei, treis; Lat. tres.

Triacle, s. a sovereign remedy, B 479, C 314. O. F. triacle, Low Lat. theriacum, Gk. θηριακόν, a remedy against the wounds made by wild beasts; from θήρ, a wild beast.

Tribulacioun, s. tribulation, T. v. 988; D 156.

Tributary, adj. tributary, subject, 3. 765; Tributarie, B 3866.

Trikled, pt. pl. trickled, B 1864; Trikling, pres. pt. D 1864.

Trille, v. turn, twirl, F 316; imp. pl. Trille, F 321. Cf. Swed. trilla, to roll, turn round.

Trinitee, s. Trinity, D 1824.

Trip, s. small piece, D 1747 (see note).

Trippe, v. dance, A 3328; Trippe, ger. to trip, to move briskly with the feet, F 312. Cf. Du. trippen, to skip, trippelen, to trip along.

Trist, s. trust, T. i. 154, iii. 403.

Triste, s. tryst, station, T. ii. 1534. See tristre, in Stratmann.

Triste, v. trust, L. 333; T. i. 692, iii. 258, 587; B 2300; ger. to trust (to), L. 1885; I 473; Triste, 1 pr. s. B 832; Tristest, 2 pr. s. trustest, T. i. 720. Cf. Icel. treysta. See Truste.

Tristicia, sadness, I 725.

Triúmphe, s. triumph, 7. 43; B 400.

Troden; see Trede.

Trogh, s. trough, A 3627; Trough, A 4043. A.S. trog.

Trompe (trumpə), s. trumpet, L. 635; A 674, 2174, B 705, I 160; Trompes, gen. sing. trumpet's, 5. 344; Trompes, pl. 9. 23. O. F. trompe.

Tromped, pt. s. sounded the trumpet, E 1719.

Trompes, pl. trumpeters, 7. 30; A 2671. Trompe occurs in this sense in R. Eden, First Three Books on America, ed. Arber, p. 5, l. 9.

Trompours, pl. trumpeters, A 2671 n.

Tronchoun, s. broken shaft of a spear, A 2615. O. F. tronchon.

Trone, s. throne, T. iv. 1079, 1086; HF. 1384, 1397; A 2529, F 275; throne (of God), heaven, C 842. O. F. trone.

Tropik, s. the turning-point, a name for the solstitial points, A. i. 17. 8, 39.

Tropos, s. a turning; but interpreted by Chaucer to mean 'agaynward,' i.e. backward, A. i. 17. 8. Gk. τρόπος, a turn.

Troste, ger. to trust, L. 253 a. See Truste.

Trotte, v.; Trotteth, pr. s. trots, i.e. goes, is, E 1538; Trotte, imp. s. D 838.

Troublable, adj. disturbing, B 4. m 2. 7.

Trouble, adj. tempestuous, turbid, B 1. m 7. 2; I 816; turbid, dull, H 279; disturbed, I 537; anxious, E 465; vexed, 6. 133.

Troubled, pp. as adj. 4. 161.

Troubly, adj. cloudy, obscure, B 4. m 5. 24. (Lat. nubilus).

Trough, s. A 4043; Trogh, A 3627.

Trouthe, s. truth, 2. 74; 11. 10; 13. 7; A 46, G 238, I 349; fidelity, L. 267; troth, promise, 7. 227; A 1610, B 527, 3118, D 1009, 1013, E 2386, F 627, 645, 759, 998, 1320, 1601; Trouthes, pl. troth, C 702. A.S. trēowð.

Trowen, v. believe, HF. 699; T. i. 1020, v. 1635; ger. L. 1707; Trowe, v. T. ii. 956; G 378; Trowe, 1 pr. s. trow, believe, imagine, A 155, 524, B 288, 400, 1074, C 689, G 667, H 44; 3. 687; 5. 677; Trow, 1 pr. s. 3. 269, 544; Trowest, 2 pr. s. 3. 651; D 1557; Trowestow, dost thou think, B 1. p 3. 16; B 4. p 2. 91; Troweth, pr. s. believes, B 2364; Trowe, 2 pr. pl. G 171; pr. pl. B 222; Trowen, pr. pl. believe (in), give trust (to), L. 21 a; Trowed, pt. s. believed, A 3416; pp. A 1520; Trowinge, pres. pt. trusting, B 2636. A.S. trēowian.

Troyewardes, to, towards Troy, T. i. 59.

Trufles, s. pl. trifles, I 715. O. F. trufle.

Trumpen, v. blow the trumpet, HF. 1243; Trumpe, v. HF. 1629.

Trussed, pp. packed, A 681. O. F. trousser.

Truste, 1 pr. pl. trust, A 501; Truste, imp. s. let him trust, B 3914; Trusteth, imp. pl. trust, believe, HF. 66; L. 2561; A 2182, B 1048, E 1561, G 229, 889, I 42; be sure, R. 649. See Troste, Triste.

Truwe, s. truce, T. iv. 1312, 1314. See Trewe.

Tryce, v. pull, drag away, B 3715. Cf. E. trice up (nautical term); Dan. tridse, Swed. trissa, a pulley, roller. See trisen in Stratmann, and trice (2) in my Etym. Dict.

Trye, adj. choice, excellent, B 2046. From F. trier, to choose, select.

Tryne compas, the threefold world, containing earth, sea, and heaven, G 45. Lat. trinus, threefold.

Tubbe, s. tub, A 3621; Tubbes, pl. A 3626.

Tuel, s. pipe, slender chimney, HF. 1649. O. F. tuel; Cotgrave has tuyau, a pipe. See Tuwel.

Tuft, s. tuft, A 555.

Tukked, pp. tucked, A 621.

Tulle, v. entice, allure, A 4134. See note; and see Tollen.

Tunge, s. tongue, 1. 128, 4. 72; Tunges, pl. 4. 206. See Tonge.

Turet, s. the eye in which the ring of the astrolabe turned, A. i. 2. 1. Cotgrave has 'Touret, the little ring by which a Hawkes lune, or leash, is fastened unto the Jesses.' See the note in Warton (Hist. E. P. ii. 315, ed. 1871), which seems to make the word equivalent to a swivel. See also Torets.

Turment, s. torment, R. 274. See Torment.

Turmente, ger. to vex, L. 871; v. torment, L. 1165. See Tormente.

Turne, ger. to turn, A 2454; v. turn (in a lathe), A 3928; Turnen, v. return, L. 2619; Turne, 3 imp. s. may he turn, HF. 1, 58; Turne we, let us turn, 7. 204; Turned, pp. turned, 3. 599, 609; turned, at an end, 3. 689. See Tornen.

Turneyinge, s. tournament, A 2557; Turneying, jousting, mock tournament, R. 1407. See Torney.

Turtel, s. turtle-dove, 5. 355, 510, 577; A 3706, E 2080; Turtles, gen. sing. E 2139; pl. R. 662.

Turves, s. pl. pieces of turf, turf-plots, patches of turf, L. 204; E 2235.

Tusked, provided with tusks, F 1254.

Tuskes, pl. tusks, T. v. 1238, 1454.

Tuwel, s. hole, D 2148; Tuel, D 2148 n; pipe, slender chimney, HF. 1649. See Tuel.

Twelf, twelve, C 30, D 2257, E 736; Twelve, 3. 420, 463; A 527, F 383. A.S. twelf.

Twelfmonth, s. twelvemonth, year, A 651, D 909.

Twelfte, adj. twelfth, 4. 139. A.S. twelfta.

Twenty, twenty, A 24, 82, 294; a tw. devel weye, in the name of twenty devils, G 782. See Devil.

Tweye, two, A 704, 792, B 3214, 3356, 3547; C 30, 817, 824, &c.; Twey, B 2203; tw. and tw., in pairs, A 898. A.S. twegen.

Tweyfold, adj. twofold, double, G 566.

Tweyne, twain, 2. 76; 4. 95; 7. 285; 20. 6; L. 268, 1963, 2489, 2495; T. iii. 1115; A 1134, F 756, 809, 1062.

Twigges, s. pl. twigs, HF. 1936, 1941; I 389, 390.

Twighte, pt. s. twitched, drew quickly, T. iv. 1185; Twight, pp. distraught, (lit. twitched), T. iv. 572; pulled, D 1563. The infin. is twicchen.

Twinkeling, s. twinkling, opening and shutting (of the eye), 4. 222; Twinkling, momentary blinking, E 37.

Twinkled, pt. pl. twinkled, A 267; pp. winked, B 2. p 3. 49.

Twinne, v. sever, part, T. iv. 1197; L. 2032; tw. from his wit, lose his mind, 7. 102; depart, B 3195, F 577; ger. to separate, B 517; to depart (from), C 430; Twinne, 1 pr. s. sever, part, T. iv. 758; 1 pr. pl. separate, A 835; 2 pr. pl. depart, G 182; pr. pl. separate, T. iii. 1711; Twinned, pp. separated, T. iv. 476.

Twinninge, s. separation, T. iv. 1303.

Twiste, s. (1) twist, tendril, T. iii. 1230; (2) twig, small branch, spray, E 2349, F 442.

Twiste, v. wring, torment, F 566; Twiste, 1 pt. s. tortured, D 494; Twiste, pt. s. wrung, E 2005; pt. pl. wrung, T. iv. 254; Twiste, pt. s. subj. would compel, constrain, T. iii. 1769; Twist, pp. twisted, HF. 775.

Twitereth, pr. s. twitters, chirps, B 3. m 2. 21.

Two, two, A 639; two so riche, twice as rich, L. 2291. Cf. Ten.

Two-foted, adj. two-footed, B 5. p 4. 138.

Two-third, two-third; two-thrid partyes, two-third parts, two-thirds, A. ii. 41 b. 7.

Twyes, adv. twice, A 4348, B 1058, 1738, 2223, 3049, 3337; A. pr. 35; Twye, A. i. 16. 13.

Twyn, s. twine, cord; Twynes, gen. sing. of cord, A 2030; Twyne, dat. L. 2016.

Twyne, v. twine, twist, T. v. 7.

Tyd, sb. time, hour, A. ii. 3. 10; T. ii. 1739; (usually) Tyde, R. 1452; 5. 97; L. 304 a; B 4286; season, F 142; Tyde, dat. T. i. 954; B 510, 798 (see note); on a tyde, on a time, 4. 51; Tydes, pl. tides, A 401; times, hours (Lat. horas), B 1. m 5. 13. A.S. tīd.

Tyden, v. befall, happen, B 337; Tydes, pr. s. betides, happens, comes (to), (a Northern form) A 4175; Tydeth, pr. s. happens, 4. 402; B 2. p 5. 105; Tit, pr. s. betides, T. i. 333; Tid, pp. betided, happened, T. i. 907, ii. 224, 464; HF. 255. A.S. tīdan.

Tydif, s. small bird, perhaps the titmouse, L. 154. See note; and see Tidifs.

Tyding, s. a piece of news, HF. 2045; B 726, E 901; Tydinge, T. ii. 951; Tydinges, pl. tidings, T. ii. 1113; HF. 1888, 1894, 1907; B 129, E 752.

Tygre, s. tiger, A 1677, E 1199, F 419, 543; B 3. p 8. 21; Tygres, gen. pl. HF. 1459.

Tyle, s. tile, D 2105; Tyles, pl. 3. 300; layers of bricks, L. 709.

Tyme, s. time, A 35, 44, 102; G 1204; by tyme, early, betimes, L. 452; in good tyme, 3. 370; Tymes, pl. times, L. 1; A 534, E 226; hours, 5. 283; moments, R. 380; (preceded by a number) Tyme, gen. pl. times, T. i. 441, 457, v. 191; A 3996, D 1254, F 370. A.S. tīma; gen. pl. tīma (preceded by a number).

Tymely, adj. timely, soon, I 1066.

Tyne, s. barrel, large cask, 12. 9. O. F. tine.

Tyraunt, s. tyrant, 5. 334; A 961, B 3727; ruler, B 3. p 5. 17; Tyraunts, pl. 9. 33; F 1368. See Tiraunt.

Tyren, v. tear, rend, B 3. m 12. 30; Tyren, pr. pl. pull to pieces, T. i. 787. Probably from F. tirer, 'to draw, drag, ... pull, pluck, lug, tug'; Cotgrave.

Tytheres, pl. payers of tithes, D 1312.

Tythes, pl. tithes, A 486, D 1315.

Tytled, pp. dedicated, I 894.

Ugly, adj. E 673.

Umble, adj.. humble, B 2. m 1. 7 n.

Umbra extensa, or recta, the lower part of the 'skale'; Umbra versa, the upper part of the same, or the part perpendicular to the 'crossline,' A. i. 12, 6; A. ii. 42. 1. See Fig. 1.

Umbreyde, pt. s. upbraided, reproached, L. 1671. The prefix is the A.S. ymb-, about.

Unable, adj. wanting in ability, 15. 10.

Unagreable, adj. miserable, B 1. m 1. 20 (Lat. ingratas).

Unapt, adj. indisposed, T. i. 978.

Unassayed, adj. unexperienced, unproved, B 2. p 4. 69.

Unavysed, pp. unadvised, unaware, T. i. 378; unpremeditated, I 449.

Unbinde, ger. to unbind, 5. 523.

Unbityde, v. fail to happen, B 5. p 4. 24, p 6. 116.

Unbodie, v. leave the body, T. v. 1550.

Unbokele, v. unbuckle, F 555; Unbokeled, pp. unbuckled, A 3115; Unbokel, imp. s. undo, C 945. I 26.

Unbore, pp. unborn, T. iii. 269.

Unbounden, pp. unbound, unwedded, divorced, E 1226.

Unbowed, adj. unbent, B 4. m 7. 42.

Unbrent, pp. unburnt, B 1658; Unbrende, pp. pl. HF. 173.

Unbroyden, pp. unbraided, T. iv. 817. A.S. brogden, pp of bregdan.

Unbrydled, unbridled, T. iii. 429.

Unburied, pp. F 1441.

Unbuxumnesse, s. unsubmissiveness, 24. 27 (vol. iv. p. xxvi).

Uncerteyn, adj. uncertain, E 125.

Uncircumscript, pp. incomprehensible, boundless, T. v. 1865.

Uncle, s. T. ii. 87, 98, 122.

Unclose, v. open, L. 65, 111; Unclosed, pp. L. 117.

Unclothede, pt. s. stripped, B 4. m 7. 7.

Uncommitted, pp. not entrusted to one, 5. 518.

Unconninge, adj. ignorant, B 5. m 3. 25; Unconning, unskilful, 6. 75; Uncunninge, foolish, B 1. p 1. 43; Unkonning, unskilful, A 2393; Unkonninge, stupid, T. v. 1139. See Uncunninge.

Unconninge, s. ignorance, B 3066, I 1082; want of skill, 22, 69.

Unconstreyned, pp. unconstrained, C 61.

Unconvenable, adj. unsuitable, I 431. See Uncovenable.

Uncouple, v. to let loose, B 3692. See note.

Uncoupling, s. 3. 377.

Uncouth, adj. curious, A 2497; strange, HF. 1279 (where the text has uncouthe, but read uncouth); Unkouth, strange, T. ii. 151; Uncouth, foreign, B 2. p 2. 35; Uncouthe, pl. F 284. A.S. uncūð.

Uncouthly, adv. uncommonly, strikingly, R. 584.

Uncovenable, adj. unseemly, I 631; unfit, B 4. p 6. 208. See Unconvenable.

Uncovered, pp. I 631.

Uncunninge, adj. ignorant, foolish, B 1. p 1. 43; Unkunninge, ignorant, R. 686. See Unconninge.

Uncurteisly, adv. rudely, E 2363.

Undefouled, undefiled, B 2. p 4. 17.

Undepartable, adj. inseparable, B 4. p 3. 39.

Under, prep. under, A 195, 393; beneath, T. i. 923; amongst, with, B 3. p 3. 36 (Lat. sub).

Undergrowe, pp. of short stature. A 156.

Underlinges, s. pl. underlings, I 764.

Undermeles, pl. undern-times, perhaps afternoons, D 875. See the note. 'Undermele, Post-meridies'; Prompt. Parv.

Undern, s. B 4412, E 260, 981. A particular time in the morning is here implied, either about 9 a.m., or somewhat later. As 9 a.m. is frequently called prime, perhaps we may take undern to mean about the middle of the forenoon (from 9 a.m. to 12), i.e. about half past 10. But see the note to E 260, where it is pointed out that the time of undern varied. It is allied to under, and means 'intervening period.' The original sense was probably mid-forenoon, i.e. at 9 a.m. (half-way between 6 and 12), or mid-afternoon, i.e. 3 p.m. (half-way between noon and 6 p.m.). Then, as prime shifted from 6 to 9 a.m., undern shifted from 9 to 10 or half-past ten. Not long ago, labourers spoke of their levenses or fourses, or their repasts at 11 a.m. and 4 p.m. Cf. Gothic undaurnimats, lit. 'undern-meat,' used to translate Gk. ἄριστον, Luke, xiv. 12.

Undernethe, prep. beneath, A 2077.

Undernom, pt. s. perceived, G 243; Undernome, pp. reproved, I 401. A.S. underniman, to perceive, pt. t. undernam; cf. G. unternehmen. From A.S. niman, to take.

Underput, pp. subjected, B 1. p 6. 67.

Underpyghte, pt. s. stuffed, filled underneath, B 789. Pyghte is 'pitched,' pt. t. of M.E. picchen, to pitch, place, set.

Underspore, v. thrust (the staff) under, push beneath, A 3465. The object was to lift the door off the hinges, partly by prising it up with a lever. I take the verb sporen to mean 'to spur,' hence to push or thrust, as when a rider uses his spurs. Cf. A.S. sporu, heel, spurnan, to kick, spurn; also O. H. G. widar-sporōn, to kick against; Lithuan. spir-ti, to strike against anything; Icel. spora, to spurn against.

Understonde, v. understand, A 746, E 20, F 150; Understondeth, pr. pl. C 646; Understode, pt. s. subj. should understand, T. i. 1035; Understonde, pp. understood, T. v. 1186; B 520, 4070, D 379, F 437; Understondeth, imp. pl. know, G 1165.

Understonding, s. understanding, 3. 565.

Undertake, v. affirm, E 803; ger. to conduct an enterprise, A 405; Undertake, 1 pr. s. affirm, A 288; B 4401; warrant, R. 461, 997; dare say, B 3516; Undertaketh, pr. s. undertakes, T. ii. 807.

Undeserved, pp. (though) undeserved, T. iii. 1021.

Undevocioun, s. lack of devotion, I 723.

Undide, pt. s. of Undo.

Undigne, adj. unworthy, E 359, I 791.

Undiscomfited, pp. unperturbed, B 1. m 4. 3.

Undiscreet, adj. indiscreet, B 4624; undiscerning, E 996.

Undo, ger. to unfold, reveal, 3. 899; v. unfasten, T. iii. 741; Undon, come undone, T. iii. 1735; Undoth, pr. s. unfolds, explains, R. 9; unfastens, opens, A 3727; Un-dide, pt. s. unfastened, R. 1280; T. iv. 352; Undo, pp. disclosed, R. 1663.

Undoutous, adj. undoubting, B 5. p 1. 20.

Uneschewably, adv. inevitably, infallibly, B 5. p 5. 86.

Uneschuable, adj. inevitable, B 5. p 1. 66.

Unespyed, pp. undetected, T. iv. 1457.

Unethe, adv. scarcely; wel unethe, scarcely at all, L. 33 a; HF. 2041; Unethes, with difficulty, HF. 900. A.S. un-, not; ēað, easy. See Unnethe.

Unethes, adv. with difficulty, T. ii. 566. See Unnethes.

Unfamous, adj. lost to fame, forgotten by fame, HF. 1146.

Unfelingly, adv. without feeling, T. ii. 19.

Unfestlich, adj. unfestive, jaded, F 366. (Here the O. F. feste (F. fête) is found between an A.S. prefix un- and an A.S. suffix -lic.)

Unfettre, v. unfetter, release, T. ii. 1216.

Unfeyned, adj. unfeigned, true, 4. 291; 7. 289; G 434.

Unfolde, ger. to unfold, T. ii. 1702; Unfoldeth, pr. s. evolves, discloses, B 4. m 5. 5 (Lat. explicet); Unfolden, pp. expanded, B 4. p 6. 85, 92.

Unforged, adj. not (yet) forged, 9. 49.

Ungentel, adj. ignoble, plebeian, B 2. p 4. 59.

Ungiltif, adj. guiltless, T. iii. 1018.

Un-grobbed, adj. not digged round, 9. 14.

Unhap, s. ill luck, T. i. 552; Unhappe, dat. misfortune, HF. 89; 16. 29; Unhappes, pl. mishaps, T. ii. 456.

Unhappily, adv. unluckily, T. v. 937.

Unhardy, adj. not bold, cowardly, A 4210.

Unhele, s. misfortune, sickness, C 116. A.S. unhǣlo.

Unholsom, adj. ailing, weak, T. iv. 330.

Unhorsed, pp. A 2625.

Unitee, s. unity, T. iii. 29; B 2868, E 1334.

Universalitee, s. universality, B 5. P 5. 42.

Universe; in universe, universally, T. iii. 36.

Universel, s. universality, totality, B 5. p 4. 137.

Universels, adj. pl. universal, B 5. p 4. 122.

Universitee, s. the universal, B 5. p 4. 115; universality, B 5. p 4. 130.

Unioignen (unjoinen), v. disjoin, B 3. p 12. 28; Unioinen, pr. pl. B 5. m 1. 5; Unioined, pp. B 5. m 3. 1.

Unioyful (unjoiful), adj. joyless, B 2. p 5. 59.

Unkinde, adj. unnatural, 5. 358, 457; B 88; cruel, 5. 434; ungrateful, 1. 166.

Unkindely, adv. unkindly, T. i. 617; HF. 295; unnaturally, C 485, I 154, 577.

Unkindenesse, s. unkindness, 7. 292; B 1057; unnatural conduct, unkindness, L. 153.

Unkist, adj. unkissed, T. i. 809.

Unknitten, v. unknit, B 5. p 3. 22.

Unknowable, adj. not to be known, B 2. m. 7. 18.

Unknowen, adj. unknown, 9. 6; Unknowe, T. i. 616; L. 2034; A. pr. 13; A 126, 1406, F 246.

Unkonning, adj. unskilful, A 2393; Unkonninge, pl. stupid, T. v. 1139. See Unconninge, Unkunninge.

Unkorven, adj. uncut, unpruned, 9. 14.

Unkouth, adj. strange, T. ii. 151. See Uncouth.

Unkunninge, adj. ignorant, R. 686. See Uncunninge.

Unlaced, pp. disentangled, B 3. p 12. 118.

Unleveful, adj. not to be permitted, not permissible, B 5. p 3. 19; I 593, 777.

Unloven, ger. to cease to love, T. v. 1698.

Unlust, s. disinclination, I 680. A.S. unlust.

Unlyk, adj. dissimilar, B 4. p 6. 138; unlike, E. 156.

Unlyklinesse, s. unlikeliness, difficulty in pleasing, T. i. 16.

Unlykly, adj. unpleasing, E 2180; unlikely, 6. 95.

Unmanhod, s. an unmanly act, T. i. 824.

Unmeke, adj. proud, B 4. m 7. 27; ungentle, R. 590.

Unmerie, adj. sad, HF. 74.

Unmesurable, adj. immoderate, I 813.

Unmete, adj. unfit, 6. 75; discordant, R. 752; ill-looking, R. 990.

Unmighty, adj. impotent, B 1. m 4. 12; unable, T. ii. 858.

Unmoevable, adj. immovable, B 4. p 6. 72; B 5. p 6. 49.

Unmoevabletee, s. immobility, B 4. p 6. 89.

Unneste, imp. s. leave thy nest, T. iv. 305.

Unnethe, adv. scarcely, hardly, with difficulty, R. 352, 833; B 1. p 6. 24; B 5. p 6. 120; 3. 712; 4. 128; 5. 201, 264, 314; 7. 135. 190; A 3121, B 1050, 1816, 3611, D 198, E 384, 403, F 1347, G 563, I 92, 490; L. 959, 2427, 2437; Unneth (a bad form), 3. 270. A common form; but better spelt unethe; see Unethe.

Unnethes, adv. scarcely, T. i. 301; B 1675, D 2168, E 318, 893, F 736, G 1390; L. 233, 1399. Better spelt unethes; see Unethes.

Unordred, adj. unordained, or not belonging to a religious order, I 961.

Unparfit, adj. imperfect, B 3. p 9. 16.

Unparigal, adj. unequal (Lat. inparem), B 3. p 1. 8.

Un-pinne, v. un-pin, unfasten, T. iii. 698.

Unpitous, adj. unkind, B 1. m 1. 20 (Lat. impia).

Unpleyten, v. unplait, explain, unfold, B 2. p 8. 7; Unpleyteth, pr. s. explains, makes out, B 5. m 4. 15.

Unpreyed, adj. unasked, T. iv. 513.

Unpunisshed, adj. with impunity (Lat. impune), B 3. p 4. 35.

Unpurveyed, adj. unprovided, uncared for, B 2. p 1. 15.

Unraced, adj. unbroken, untorn, B 4. p 1. 35.

Unremeved, pp. unremoved, without (its) being moved, A. ii. 46. 23.

Unréprováble, adj. without reproach, L. 691.

Unresonable, adj. unreasonable, F 872.

Unreste, s. unrest, restlessness, B 4. p 6. 123; T. v. 1567; D 1104, E 719; misery, L. 1339.

Unresty, adj. restless, T. v. 1335.

Unreverently, adv. irreverently, I 582.

Unright, s. wrong, T. iv. 550; harm, injury, T. ii. 453; D 1093.

Unright, adv. wrongly, T. v. 661.

Unrightful, adj. unrighteous, unjust, B 4. m 4. 9; wicked, L. 1771.

Unrightfully, adv. unjustly, B 1. m 5. 28.

Unsad, adj. unsettled, E 995. See Sad.

Unsavory, adj. displeasing, I 510.

Unscience, s. unreal knowledge, no knowledge, B 5. p 3. 72.

Unselinesse, s. unhappiness, B 4. p. 4. 26, 40, 81; Unselinesses, pl. B 4. p 4. 23.

Unsely, adj. unhappy, B 2. p 4. 6; B 4. p 4. 15, 37, 65; G 468; unsuccessful, A 4210; unfortunate, T. i. 35. A.S. unsǣlig.

Unset, adj. unappointed, A 1524.

Unshethe, 1 pr. s. unsheathe, cause to depart, remove, T. iv. 776.

Unshette, pt. s. unlocked, E 2047.

Unshette, adj. pl. not shut, HF. 1953.

Unshewed, pp. unconfessed, I 999.

Unsittinge, adj. unfit, T. ii. 307. See Sittinge.

Unskilful, adj. undiscerning, foolish, T. i. 790.

Unskilfully, adv. unreasonably, B 1. p 4. 144; unjustly, ill, B 3. p 6. 2.

Unslekked, adj. unslacked, G 806. To slack is to deprive lime of cohesion by combining it with water. A.S. slacian, to slacken, relax.

Unsofte, adj. harsh, E 1824; hard, HF. 36.

Unsoght, adj. not sought after, 2. 104; Unsought, T. i. 809.

Unsolempne, adj. uncelebrated, B 1. p 3. 42.

Unsowe, adj. not sown, 9. 10.

Unsowen, pr. pl. unsew, I 622.

Unspeedful, adj. unfruitful, unprofitable, B 5. p 6. 214.

Unstable, adj. unstable, weak, B 1877.

Unstaunchable, adj. inexhaustible, B 2. p 7. 78 (Lat. inexhausta).

Unstaunched, adj. insatiate, B 2. p 6. 73 (Lat. inexpletam).

Unstedefast, adj. unstable, B 4. P 3. 83, p 6. 166.

Unstedfastnesse, s. inconstancy, L. 526 a; 21. 3; Unstedefastnesse, frailty, I 584.

Unstraunge, adj. well-known, familiarly known, A. ii. 17. rubric. The unstrange stars are those which are represented upon the Rete of the Astrolabe. See Indeterminat.

Unswelle, v. decrease in fulness, become less full, T. iv. 1146, v. 214.

Unswete, adj. bitter, dreadful, HF. 72.

Unteye, v. untie, 26. 32 (vol. iv. p. xxx); Unteyd, pp. free, T. ii. 752.

Unthank, s. no thanks, want of thanks, T. v. 699; the reverse of thanks, a curse, A 4081.

Unthrift, s. nonsense, T. iv. 431.

Unthriftily, adv. poorly, G 893. See Thrift.

Unthrifty, adj. profitless, T. iv. 1530.

Unto, prep. unto, A 243, &c.; conj. until, 5. 647.

Untold, adj. uncounted, A 3780.

Untormented, adj. no longer tormented, T. i. 1011.

Untressed, adj. with hair not done up into tresses, loose, 5. 268; undight, unarranged, E 379; unplaited, A 1289.

Untretable, adj. inexorable, B 2. p 8. 2. Lit. 'not to be treated with.'

Untrewe, adj. untrue, false, 5. 434; 6. 123; T. ii. 786; B 3218, F 984.

Untrewe, adv. untruly, A 735.

Untriste, v. distrust, T. iii. 839.

Untrouthe, s. untruth, deceit, falsehood, faithlessness, L. 1677, 1890; HF. 384, 395; B 687.

Untrust, s. distrust, E 2206.

Untyme; in untyme, at odd times, between meals, out of season, I 1051.

Unusage, s. want of use, B 2. p 7. 38.

Unwar, adj. unaware, T. i. 304, v. 1559; unexpected, B 2. p 2. 50; B 427, 3954; unforeseen, accidental, B 5. p 1. 64.

Unwar, adv. unexpectedly, unawares, T. i. 549; F 1356, I 885.

Unwarly, adv. unawares, B 1. m 1. 9.

Unwelde, adj. (unwieldy), impotent, too weak to support herself, R. 359; difficult to move, H 55; difficult to move and control, A 3886.

Unwemmed, adj. unspotted, spotless, B 2. p 4. 17; B 5. p 6. 207; 1. 91; B 924, G 137, 225. A.S. wem, a spot, blemish.

Unwened, adj. unexpected, B 4. p 6. 162.

Unwist, adj. unknown, T. ii. 1294, iii. 603, 770, 789; (it being) unknown, A 2977; unwist of, uninformed of, T. i. 93; unknown by, L. 1653.

Unwit, s. folly, 4. 271; want of wit, G 1085.

Unwiting, pres. part. unknowing, being unaware, G 1320.

Unwiting, adv. unwittingly, without (her) knowledge, F 936.

Unwitingly, adv. unknowingly, C 486.

Unworshipful, adj. unhonoured, B 3. m 4. 6.

Unworthieste, adj. superl. most unworthy, 5. 512.

Unworthy, adj. E 359.

Unwot, pr. s. fails to know, B 5. p 6. 112. See Witen.

Unwrappen, ger. to unfold, B 4. p 6. 2; Unwrappeth, pr. s. discloses, B 103.

Unwrye, v. uncover, reveal, T. i. 858. Cf. A.S. wrēon, to cover.

Unwys, adj. unwise, foolish, R. 1162; 17. 27.

Unyolden, pp. without having yielded, A 2642, 2724.

Up, adv. up, open (outwards, not upwards), A 3801; as v. up with, HF. 1021; up and doun, T. ii. 659, 815, v. 1650; all over, in various ways, here and there, B 53, 3725, 3747; 4. 210; in all directions, A 977; backwards and forwards, A 1052; Up so doun, topsy-turvy, 15. 5. See Up-so-doun.

Up, prep. on, upon, A. ii. 1. 2; A 2543, 4290, B 795, 884, D 1145; 3. 750, 922; HF. 1570; up peril, on peril, D 2271; up peyne, under the penalty, HF. 1570; D 1587; up poynt, on the point, ready, T. iv. 1153.

Up-born, pp. upborne, valued, T. i. 375.

Up-bounde, pp. bound up, T. iii. 517.

Up-breyde, v. upbraid, reproach, 7. 118; T. v. 1710.

Up-caste, pt. s. cast up, B 906; Up-casteth, imp. pl. cast up, lift up, T. v. 1838.

Up-drow, pt. s. drew up, L. 1459. See Drawe.

Up-enbossed, pp. raised, embossed, L. 1200.

Up-haf, pt. s. uplifted, A 2428. Pt. t. of up-heven.

Uphepinge, s. heaping up, B 2. p 3. 31.

Upon, prep. upon, A 131, 541, &c.; in, F 925; in addition to, B 3. p 10. 98; against, 3. 1023; D 1313.

Upon, used adverbially, upon (him or her), on, D 559, 1382.

Uppe, adv. up, i.e. left open, F 615. A.S. uppe, aloft.

Upper, adv. comp. higher, HF. 884, 961; Uppere, more upward, A. ii. 12. 13.

Uppereste, adj. superl. uppermost, B 1. p 1. 26.

Up-plight, pp. plucked up, pulled up, B 3239.

Up-reysed, pp. raised, L. 1163.

Up-right, adj. perpendicular, B 5. m 5. 12; upright, straight, A 3264; upright, erect, R. 1702; T. ii. 333.

Upright, adv. upright, 3. 46; i.e. reversed, D 2266; also, lying on one's back (mostly of people asleep or dead); lying on one's back, asleep, 3. 175; A 4194, B 3761, C 674, D 578; lying on one's back, dead, R. 1604; A 2008, B 1801, 4232, D 768. See Bolt-upright.

Up-rist, pr. s. rises up, 4. 4; T. iv. 1443; L. 1188; A 4249. See Upryseth.

Up-riste, s. dat. up-rising, A 1051. The nom. case is up-rist; see Stratmann; and cf. A.S. ǣ-rist, resurrection.

Upronne, pp. run up, i.e. ascended, F 386. Cf. A 8.

Upryght, adv. upright, erect, 3. 622. See Upright.

Upryseth, pr. s. rises up, L. 49. See Up-rist.

Up-so-doun, adv. upside down, B 5. p 3. 60; A 1377, G 625 (see note), I 260, 263; 15. 5.

Upspringe, v. rise (as the sun), 4. 14; Up-sprong, pt. s. sprang up, 9. 10.

Upsterte, pt. s. upstarted, arose, A 1080, 1299; Upstirte, T. iv. 183; started up, D 794.

Upward, adv. T. v. 1108; up (from the bed), L. 1645.

Up-yaf, pt. s. yielded up, gave, A 2427. Pt. t. of up-yeven.

Up-yolden, pp. yielded up, A 3052. Pp. of up-yelden.

Urinals, s. pl. C 305.

Urine, s. D 121; Uryne, D 134.

Urne, s. urn, T. v. 311.

Us, us, A 748; dat. for us, A 747, &c.; Us self, ourselves, E 108; Us-selve, I 349.

Uságe, s. usage, custom, habit, R. 293; 5. 411; A 110, E 785, F 691; hadde in uságe, was accustomed, B 1696; was in uságe, B 1717; practice, use, B 4. p 6. 186; possession, B 4. p 6. 213; familiarity, B 1. p 1. 41; úsage, usage, habit, custom, 5. 15; C 899; use, L. 2337; Uságes, pl. usages, T. ii. 28.

Usaunce, s. custom, R. 683; 5. 674; L. 586, 1476; Usaunces, pl. usages, B 3. p 4. 64 (see note).

Usaunt, pres. pl. as adj. addicted, I 821; accustomed, A 3940.

Usen, ger. to accustom, I 245; v. use, B 44; Useth, pr. s. is accustomed, L. 364; Use, 2 pr. pl. use, G 1409; Usen, 1 pr. pl. are wont, T. iv. 182; Usedest, 2 pt. s. didst enjoy, A 2385; Used, pt. s. or pl. used, B 1689; Useden, pt. pl. were accustomed, L. 787; Use, imp. s. use, i.e. make the best of, B 2. p 1. 44 (see note); Usinge, pres. part. as adj. accustomed, D 777; Used, pp. accustomed, G 666; as adj. wonted, B 1. m 5. 10.

Using, s. use (of it), 18. 42.

Us-selve, pron. ourselves, I 349; Us-self, E 108.

Usshers, s. pl. ushers, F 293.

Usure, s. usury, R. 185, B 1681, D 1309.

Usurpe, 1 pr. s. usurp, claim, A. pr. 42.

Us-ward, to, towards us, A. i. 17. 40; B 2938; fro u., away from us, A. i. 17. 9.

Utilite, s. utility, A. ii. 26. 16.

Utter, adj. outer, outward, G 498. See Outer.

Uttereste, adj. superl. outermost, B 3. p 11. 88; farthest, B. 1. p 1. 60; supreme, E 787. See Outereste.

Utterly, adv. utterly, A 237; entirely, fully, A 1154. See Outerly.

Vacacioun, s. spare time, D 683.

Vache, s. cow, beast, 13. 22. The reference is to a quadruped who looks down to the earth; see note to 13. 19.

Vachet, for Wachet, A 3321 n.

Valance, s. (possibly) sign of Zodiac opposite the mansion of a planet, 4. 145. See note.

Vale, s. A 2626.

Valentynes; the book of seint Valentynes day of the Parlement of Briddes, I 1086.

Valerian, s. valerian, G 800.

Valewe, s. value, R. 1116. See Value.

Valey, s. valley, 3. 165; T. i. 950, v. 67; Valéye, dat. 3. 155; HF. 1918; Valeys, pl. HF. 899.

Valóur, s. worth, R. 957, 1043.

Valúe, s. value, L. 602; I 151; Válewe, R. 1116.

Vane, s. a vane, weather-cock, E 996.

Vanishe, v. vanish, F 328; Vanish, 1 pr. s. shrink up, waste away, C 732; Vanísshed, pt. s. vanished, F 342; pp. gone, D 996.

Vanisshinge, s. vanishing, disappearance, A 2360.

Vanitee, s. vanity, folly, T. iv. 536; A 3835, E 250; vain thing, B 4201; Vanitees, pl. vain things, B 4281.

Vapour, s. vapour, mist, B 2375, F 393; Vapóur, influence, T. iii. 11.

Variable, adj. 15. 8.

Variacioun, s. difference, A 2588.

Variaunce, s. variation, 10. 45; T. iv. 985; Variance, difference, I 427.

Variaunt, adj. varying, changing, changeable, fickle, G 1175; Variaunts, pl. B 1. m 5. 15.

Varien, v. vary, change, T. ii. 1621; Varie, 1 pr. s.; v. of, vary from, HF. 807; Varieth, pr. s. shifts, B 2. m 8. 1; Varyinge, pres. pt. varying, changing, 3. 802.

Vassalage, s. prowess, L. 1667 (see note); Vasselage, A 3054.

Vauntour, s. boaster, T. ii. 724 n.

Vavassour, s. a sub-vassal, next in dignity to a baron, A 360.

Veel, s. veal, E 1420.

Veine, adj. fem., vain, R. 447. See Veyn.

Veluët, s. velvet, R. 1420; Veluëttes, pl. F 644. A. F. velwet, Royal Wills, ed. Nichols, p. 130.

Venerian, adj. devoted to Venus, D 609.

Venerye, s. hunting, A 166, 2308. O.F. venerie (Cotgrave).

Venge, v. revenge, B 2471; Vengeth, pr. s. B 2648; Venged, pp. revenged, B 2471.

Vengeance-taking, s. taking of vengeance, B 2535.

Vengeáuncë, s. vengeance, punishment, 1. 176; Véngeaunce, L. 2523; B 2207; Veniaunce, B 4. p 4. 62.

Vengeresses, s. pl., avengeresses, avenging deities, B 3. m 12. 24. O.F. vengeresse (Cotgrave).

Venial, adj. I 100, 358, 359.

Venim, s. venom, poison, R. 1089; B 4. m 7. 30; T. iii. 1025; L. 2241, 2593; B 2520, 3321; malice, B 891, C 421; corruption, A 2751; dye (Lat. ueneno), B 2. m 5. 8; Venims, pl. poisons, B 4. m 2. 7. O.F. venim, venin.

Venimous, adj. poisonous, 1. 149; B 4345. A. F. venimous.

Veniaunce (Venjaunsə), s. vengeance, B 4. p 4. 62, 94. See Vengeaunce.

Venisoun, s. venison, C 83.

Venquisse, v. vanquish, B 2529; Venquisseth, pr. s. F 774; Venquisshe, pr. pl. vanquish, surpass, B 2280; Venquisshed, pp. 1. 8; B 291, 3782.

Ventusinge, s. cupping (a surgical operation), A 2747. O.F. ventoser, to cup; from ventose, a cupping-glass (Cotgrave).

Venus, venereal pleasure, D 464.

Ver, the spring, T. i. 157. Lat. uer.

Veray, adj. very, true, real, L. 1068, 1478. See Verray.

Verayly, adv. truly, B 4. p. 4. 125. See Verrayly.

Verdegrees, s. verdigrease, G 791. O.F. vert de Grece, lit. green of Greece; a green from Greece.

Verdit, s. verdict, A 787; 5. 503, 525. O.F. verdit.

Verily, adv. truly, R. 1630. See Verrayly.

Vermýne, s. vermin, E 1095; T. iii. 381; Vérmin, C 858.

Vernáge, s. a wine of Italy, B 1261, E 1807.

Vernicle, s. vernicle, A 685 (see note).

Vernisshed, pt. s. varnished; hence (jocularly), lined in a lavish way, A 4149.

Verre, s. glass, T. ii. 867.

Verray, adj. very, true, A 72, 422, 1551, B 103, 167, C 576, E 343, G 165, I 86; just, R. 1627; exact, B 2393; HF. 1079; very, exceeding, F 860; v. force, main force, B 3237; Verrey, very, T. i. 202; very, true, 1. 21, 40, 105, 106; Verray, adj. as adv. exactly, HF. 1079.

Verrayly, adv. verily, truly, 2. 73; L. 87; Verrayliche, B 3. p 10. 164; Verreyly, exactly, A. ii. 3. 42; Verraily, verily, truly, A 338, 1174, B 1850, 3414, I 94; Verayly, B 4. p 4. 125; Verily, R. 1630.

Verrayment, adv. verily, B 1903.

Vers, s. verse, line, 5. 679; HF. 1098; Vers, pl. verses, lines, 3. 463; 5. 124, 141; B 1. m 1. 4; T. i. 7; B 2297, 4503.

Versifiour, s. versifier, poet, B. 2783.

Versifyed, pp. put into verse, B 3168.

Vertu, s. virtue, A 307, F 593; quickening power, A 4; power, R. 1087; B 4. p 6. 68; A 2249, B 3500; valour, R. 1208; mental faculty, HF. 550; magic influence, F 146, 157; v. plese, satisfy virtue, be virtuous, E 216.

Vertulees, adj. devoid of virtue, T. ii. 344.

Vertuous, adj. virtuous, A 251, 515; full of virtue, D 1113; full of healing power, R. 1097; holy, I 455; Virtuouse, pl. holy, I 1038.

Verye (a word used in a charm), A 3485 (see note). Cf. weri, a felon; Ancren Riwle, p. 352.

Very-trot, for Viritoot, A 3770 n.

Vese, s. rush (Lat. impetus), A 1985.

Vessel, s. vessel, T. v. 311; (collectively), vessels, plate, B. 3338, 3494, I 446; Vesseles, pl. vessels, B 4. p 1. 31; Vessels, pl. vessels (of gold and silver), B 3338, 3416, 3418. Cf. F. vaisselle, plate.

Vestiment, s. clothing, F 59; Vestiments, pl. garments, A 2948.

Vesture, s. HF. 1325; L. 2691.

Veyl, s. veil, A 695.

Veyn, adj. vain, 1. 71; foolish, false, A 1094; empty, powerless, silly, G 497; Veyne glorie, vain-glory, I 391; Glorie veine, R 447.

Veyne, s. vein, R. 1496; 5. 425; A 3.

Veyne-blood, s. bleeding at a vein, A 2747.

Viáge, s. voyage, travel, journey, T. ii. 75; L. 1450; A 77, 723, 792, B 259, 300; expedition, attempt, T. iii. 732; Víage, B 312; Viáges, pl. travels, HF. 1962. O.F. veiage.

Vicaire, s. deputy, deputed ruler, 1. 140; 5. 379; Vicaire general, deputy, C 20; Vicary, a vicar, I 22. See Viker.

Vicious, adj. wicked, C 459.

Victor, s. as adj. of victory, 5. 182.

Victórie, s. victory, 7. 29; A 916, 2433; Victóries, pl. T. iii. 1064.

Vigile, s. wake, T. v. 305.

Vigilyes, pl. vigils, evening meetings (on the eve of a festival), A 377; Vigilies, D 556.

Vigóur, s. vigour, strength, T. iii. 1088.

Vigur, s. figure, A. i. 20. 4, note (p. 234).

Viker, s. vicar, D 2008. See Vicaire.

Vileinye, s. villainy, shameful deed, vile conduct, B 2547, D 1138, 1151, F 1404; unbecoming conduct, A 726; ill turn, great harm, A 4191; despiteful language, reproach, D 34, 53; disgrace, A 942, 2729; unfit speech, A 70; servitude, I 143; Vilanye, villainous action, deed of a churl, L. 1823; wrong, L. 2541; licentiousness, G 231; discourtesy, rudeness, C 740; T. v. 490; vileness, HF. 96; reproach, T. iv. 21; evil-doing, B 1681; villainy, disgrace, R. 1231; Villainy (personified), R. 166, 977.

Vileinous, adj. evil, B 2693; Viláynous, villainous, R. 178.

Vileins, Vileyns, adj. villainous, L. 1824; D 1158, H 183; rude, D 1268; sinful, I 854, 914; evil, wicked, I 556, 627, 631, 652, 715, 802. Perhaps originally the gen. sing. of vilein, but certainly used by Chaucer as a simple adjective, as proved by the adverbial form below.

Vileinsly, adv. evilly, I 154; Vilaynsly, villainously, shamefully, R. 1498; Vileynsly, I 279. See above.

Village, s. E 272; Villáge, D 2165, E 200.

Vincit, conquers, A 162.

Vine, s. B 1. m 6. 10. See Vyne.

Vinolent, adj. full of wine, D 467, 1931. From Lat. uinolentus.

Violence, s. T. iv. 562.

Violent, adj. C 867.

Violes, s. pl. vials, phials, G 793. F. phiale; Lat. phiala, a sort of saucer, Gk. φιάλη. Cotgrave has 'Phiole, f. a violl, or small glasse bottle.'

Violete, s. violet, R. 903, 1431; Violettes, pl. B 1. m 6. 6.

Virago, s. virago, cruel woman, B 359. Direct from Lat. uirago.

Virelayes, s. pl. ballads with a return of rime, F 948; L. 423 (see note).

Virgine, s. virgin, 1. 4, 153.

Virginitee, s. virginity, B 1769, C 44.

Viritoot, s. brisk movement (see note), A 3770.

Viritrate, s. hag, D 1582.

Viságe, s. visage, face, A 109, 628, E 693; 3. 895; 10 (heading); Visages, pl. faces, B 2. p 8. 26; T. v. 899.

Viságe, v. put a face (on it), disguise, E 2273.

Visíble, adj. visible, T. v. 1866.

Visioun, s. vision, D 1677, F 372. See Avisioun.

Visitaciouns, s. pl. visits, D 555.

Visitinge, s. paying visits, T. ii. 41.

Visýte, ger. to visit, A 493, 1194; T. iii. 62; v. E 1914; Vísitè, ger. E 2002.

Vitaille, s. victuals, provisions, A 248, 569, 749, B 443, 499, E 59, 265, F 904, 1186; Vitáile, 9. 36; L. 1488; Vitailes, pl. victuals, provisions, B 3. p 4. 59.

Vitaille, v. victual, provide with victuals; Vitaile, v. L. 1093; Vitailled, pt. s. A 3627; pp. provisioned, B 869.

Vitaillers, pl. victuallers, A 4366.

Vital, adj. A 2802.

Vitremyte, s. (probably) a woman's cap, an effeminate headdress, B 3562. See note.

Vitriole, s. vitriol, G 808.

Voide, adj. solitary, 4. 114; Voyde, pl. void, T. ii. 173.

Voide, v. make void, frustrate, B 5. p 6. 173; Voidede, pt. pl. quitted, B 1. p 4. 90; Voided, pp. removed, F 1195; cleared, emptied, L. 2625.

Vois, s. voice, R. 751; 1. 115; B 5. m 4. 36; A 1371, I 226. See Voys.

Volage, adj. giddy, volatile, R. 1284; flighty, giddy, wanton, H 239. 'Volage, light, giddie, shittle-headed'; Cotgrave.

Volatyl, s. as pl., fowls, B 1262.

Voltor, s. vulture, B 3. m 12. 29; Volturis, pl. T. i. 788.

Volúme, s. volume, D 681.

Voluntarie, adj. voluntary, B 5. p 3. 111.

Volupeer, s. night-cap, A 4303; Voluper, woman's cap, A 3241. The Catholicon Anglicum has: 'A volyper, caliend[r]um'; and Baret gives: 'a womans cap, hood, or bonet, calyptra, caliendrum.' Merely short for envoluper, i.e. 'wrapper'; see Envoluped. Godefroy gives: 'Envelopeur, s. m. enveloppe, couverture; 'Six queuvrechiefs [kerchiefs], neuf et quatre envelopeurs a teste' [head-wrappers]: 1361, Arch. P. 1359¹, pièce 633.'

Voluptuous, adj. B 3. p 2. 30; T. iv. 1573.

Vomes, pl. foam, spots of foam, B 4. m 7. 39 n.

Vomyt, s. vomit, A 2756.

Vouche, v.; only used with sauf, safe; Vouche sauf, v. to avouch as safe, call safe, vouchsafe, grant, deign, permit, A. pr. 78; L. 2490; A 812, B 1641, E 2341; ger. T. v. 1858; L. 2273; B 1083; Vouche-sauf, 1 pr. s. am content, T. iv. 90; 2 pr. pl. vouchsafe, grant, deign, L. 2038, 2071; A 4340, B 2305, G 1246, I 52; deign to give, 7. 254; agree, A 807; pr. s. subj. F 1071; 2 pr. s. subj. E 306; Vouched sauf, pt. s. vouchsafed, 1. 27, 57; 22. 46; Voucheth sauf, imp. pl. vouchsafe, 19. 8; E 885, F 1043.

Voyde, adj. pl. void, T. ii. 173; written Voyd (before a vowel), 9. 50. See Voide.

Voyde (voidéé), s. 'voidee,' a light dessert, with wine and spices, T. iii. 674; see addit. note, vol. ii. p. 506.

Voyden, v. get rid of, expel, A 2751, E 910, F 188; Voyden, v. go away, T. ii. 912; Voyde, 1 pr. s. avoid, 7. 295; Voyded, pt. s. did away, F 1150; Voyde, imp. s. depart from, E 806; Voydeth, imp. pl. send away, G 1136.

Voys, s. voice, A 688, C 531, E 1087, F 99, 412; rumour, E 629; commendation, E 1592; report, T. iii. 1723. See Vois.

Vulgar, adj. A. ii. 9. 3. The day vulgar is the length of the 'artificial' day, with the durations of morning and evening twilight added to it.

Vulgarly, adv. in a common way, T. iv. 1513.

Vyce, s. fault, error, 4. 261; T. i. 689; F 101; defect, D 955; Vyces, pl. T. i. 687.

Vyne, s. vine, 5. 181; 9. 14; C 452; F 1148, I 636; Vine, B 1. m 6. 10; Vynes, pl. vines, B 3. m 8. 4; T. v. 1470; B 3226.

Waast, s. waist, B 1890.

Waat, pr. s. knows (Northern), A 4086.

Wacche, s. sentinel, B 2216.

Wachet, s. light blue colour, A 3321. Later E. watchet.

Waden, v. wade, go, pass, E 1684; wade (through), D 2084; wade, enter (into), T. ii. 150; go, descend, B 3684.

Waf, pt. s. wove, L. 2364. See Weven.

Wafereres, s. pl. makers of gaufres or wafer-cakes, confectioners, C 479.

Wafres, pl. wafers, A 3379.

Wages, pl. A 1803; pay, recompense, 4. 244.

Waget, for Wachet, A 3321 n.

Wagges, pr. s. wags (Northern), A 4039.

Wagging, s. shaking, T. ii. 1745. Cf. 'a reed shaken with the wind.'

Wailen, ger. to wail, lament, 6. 13; Waille, ger. I 178; v. E 1212; Waille, 1 pr. s. A 931; Wailleth, pr. s. wails, F 1348. See Wayle.

Waiten, v. attend on, L. 1269; Waiteth, pr. s. watches, E 708; Waite, imp. s. observe, A. ii. 5. 11; Waiting on, pres. part. watching, observing, A. ii. 38. 12. See Wayten.

Waiting, s. watching, H 252.

Wake, v. be awake, lie awake, 18. 27; Waken, v. act. awake, B 1187; Wake, v. watch, T. iii. 540; Wake, 1 pr. s. am awake, 5. 7, 482; remain awake, 2. 109; Waketh, pr. s. watches, F 819; Wake, pr. pl. are awake, 5. 689; Wook, 1 pt. s. awoke, 5. 695; Wook, pt. s. awoke, A 1393, B 806; remained awake, B 3809; was awake, B 497; Waked, pp. awaked, 3. 294; kept wake, caroused, 3. 977; Wakinge, pres. pt. awake, 7. 326; Waketh, imp. pl. watch, D 1654, I 1048.