INDEX

"Act of Parliament" clocks, so-called, 124

Adam style, its employment in the clock-case, 147

Robert, clock-case by, illustrated, 139

Aicken, George (Cork), clock by, 277

Alarum clocks, 54

and striking clocks, early, 32

Ale-house clocks, Oliver Goldsmith quoted, 127

American clocks—

"Banjo clocks," 124

Bracket clock, by Savin and Dyer (Boston), 198

Lantern clock, with pendulum, 59

Anchor pendulum, the, 59

Arnold, John (Bodmin), 37, 212

Astronomical clock-dial, the, 28

Babylonian measurement of time, 28, 29, 30

Bacon, quoted, 53

Balance and weights prior to pendulum, 33

Barraud, clock by (1805), 203

Battersea enamel employed for watch-cases, 290

Beginners, hints for, 41

Belfast clocks and clockmakers, 272

Bewick, Thomas, engraver of clock-dials (1763-74), 215, 217

Biddell, clock by, 204

"Birdcage" clocks, 54

Böttger, his porcelain at Meissen, 109

Boulle, André Charles, and his marquetry, 72, 73, 111

Bracket clock, the, 179-204

or wall clock, the, early use of, 46, 49

Brass lantern clock, the, 45-63

Bristol clock illustrated, 149

Britten, F. J., Old Clocks and Clockmakers, full lists of

makers in, 37

Brownhill, Henry (Leeds), copper token of, 218

Cabrier, name falsely put on Dutch clocks, 36

Calendar watch illustrated, 291

Case, the, evolution of, 155

Catherine of Braganza, dowry of, 107

Centres of clock and watch making in 1797, 214

Chamber clocks an established feature in furniture, 192

Chamberlaine, Thomas, de Chelmisforde, watch by, 291

Charles I, watch belonging to, 289

Charles II, death-bed scene of, 50, 53

Watch by Robert Hooke presented to, 36

Cherub head, the, a favourite ornament, 166

Its use on clock-dial, 169

Its use on Stuart furniture, 170

Cheshire clock-case, peculiarities of, 230

Chester, Bishop of (John Wilkins), quoted, 30

Chinese style of Chippendale, 91, 108

Designs at Worcester, Bow, and Bristol porcelain factories, 108

Taste, the furore in France and Holland, 108

Chintzes, the early character of, 111

Chippendale, his Chinese style, 91, 108

His indebtedness to Marot, 155

Style in clock cases, 136

Clockmakers' Company, 1704, transactions of, quoted, 36

On fabrications of English work, 36

Clockmakers, the great English, 35

English, full list of, 37

Clockmaking, decadence of, 38

Personality in, 38, 39

Collecting period, the, 38

Collectors, hints for, foibles of, 39, 41

Colour versus form, 110

Cookworthy, William, his true porcelain at Plymouth, 109

Copper tokens of clockmakers illustrated, 218, 236

Cork, clocks and clockmakers at, 289

Cornwall clockmakers, list of, 241

Country marquetry, 60

Cromwellian "plum" watch illustrated, 283

Cumming, Alexander, clock by (1770), 203

Day and night, 27, 29

Day, the, its division into hours, 28

Lunar, 29

Mean solar, 28

Delft, Dutch, ornamentation of, used in marquetry, 98

Devon and Cornwall clockmakers, list of, 241

Dial, the—

Brass, with silvered hour circle and engraved figures, 158

Character of, 157

Correct proportions of the, 165

Early form of, 30

Evolution of, 162, 165

Iron painted ornament and figures, 158

Position of maker's name on, 158, 161

Dickens, Dombey and Son quoted, 31

Domestic clock, the, 33

Draper, John (1703), dial of clock by, 158

Dublin clocks and clockmakers, 272

National Museum, examples at, illustrated, 269, 273

Dutch clock panels imported, 97

Delft ware, its imitation of porcelain, 111

Fabrications of noted English makers, 36

Influence on cabinet-maker, 67

Influence on clockmaker, 217, 271

Origin of long-case clock, 154

Ornament found on clocks—

Cupids and crown, 170

Marquetry panels, 92

Phases of moon, 217

Spandrel with Seasons, 271

Dutton, Matthew, 37

Thomas, 37

William, 37

Earnshaw, Thomas (1750), 37, 212

East Anglian clockmakers, list of, 247

East, Edward, 37

East India Company, the Dutch, 107

The English, 109

Ebsworth, John, 37

Edict of Nantes and its effect, 68, 90, 120

Edinburgh clocks and clockmakers, 261-265

Eighteenth century, best period of clockmaking in, 40

Elizabethan watch illustrated, 289

Ellicott, John (Bodmin), 212

English masters of clockmaking, the great, 35

School of lacquered work, 114

Equation of time, 29

Evelyn, Diary of, quoted (1681), 107

Evolution of the English mantel clock, 186

Evolution of long-case clock, 153

Base, its changing form, 155

Dial, its character, 157

Hands, their differing types, 174

Spandrel, its ornamentation, 166

Waist, its varying proportion, 155

Exeter clockmakers, list of, 241

Fleur-de-lis ornament on dial, 174

Foreign craftsmen working in England—

Dutch marquetry workers, 83, 92

French Huguenot cabinet-makers, 69, 90

Italian glassworkers, 69

Form, changing, of hood, waist, and base, 155

Innovations of, in clock-cases, 141

versus colour, 111

French clocks and their influence, 147, 197, 278

Influence on mantel clocks, 197

Fromanteel, Ahasuerus, pendulum introduced into England by, 37

The family of, great clockmakers, 37

Furniture, influence of, on clock case, 141

Georgian clocks (1720-1830), 131

German school of marquetry, 72

Gibbons, Grinling, 121

Glasgow, example at Corporation Art Gallery illustrated, 259

Glass windows, when first used in coaches, 161

Workers in London, seventeenth-century, 69

Goldsmith, Oliver, Deserted Village quoted, 127

Gordon, Patrick (Edinburgh), clock by, 261

Thomas (Edinburgh), 1668-1743, 261

Graham, George (1673-1751), 212

His evidence as to Robert Hooke's invention, 36

Grandfather clock, the, its Dutch origin, 74

Its long survival, 135

Its popularity, 135

Grant, John, 37

Inn clock by, illustrated, 125

Graydon, George (Dublin), clock by (1796), 277

Greek measurement of time, 28, 29

Halifax and district, list of clockmakers, 217

"Halifax" grandfather clocks, 217

Hampton Court, Dutch character of, 91

Protestant style of decoration at, 170

The work of Daniel Marot at, 91

The work of Sir Christopher Wren at, 91

Hands, the, evolution of, 174

Hour hand, at first employed, 30, 157

Minute hand first added, 30, 158

Harris, Richard, clock by, at St. Paul's, Covent Garden, 35

Harrison, John, 37

His chronometer, 212

Hill, Thomas, clock by (1760), 197

Hogarth, William, the possibility of engraved clock-dials by, 161

Home Counties, the, list of clockmakers, 236

Hood, changing forms of the, 155

Hooke, Dr. Robert, his claim for invention of balance-spring for

watches, 36

His inventions, 212

Watch by, presented to Charles II, 36

Hour, the, its division into minutes, 30, 158

Hours, division of day into, 30

Huguenot refugees settle in England, 68, 120

Huygens, Christopher, Dutch astronomer, his work, 33

His quarrel with Dr. Hooke, 36

Huygens, Dutch cabinet-maker, his imitations of Japanese lacquered

panels, 111

Inlaid furniture, 70, 71

Inn clock, the, 124

Innovations of form in clock-cases, 141

Irish clockmakers, list of, 271, 272

Italian school of marquetry, 71

James I appoints Ramsay as "Clockmaker Extraordinary," 256

Japanese lacquer, specimens of, 106

Johnson, Thomas, clock by (1730), 191

Jones, Henry, Charles I watch made by, 289

Charles II clock by, 212

Kent and Sussex, clockmakers of, 247

Kew Gardens Botanical Museum, Japanese lacquer at, 106

Knibb, Joseph, father and son, 37

Joseph (1670), 211

Clocks by (1690), 191, 236, 241

Copper token of (1677), 236

Knokmakers, the, of Scotland, 258

Labarte, Arts of the Middle Ages quoted, 33

Lac and its properties, 105

Its introduction into England, 107

Lacquer—

Chinese and Japanese origin of, 105, 106

Dutch imitations, 110, 111

English school of lacquer work, 118, 121

French masters, 112

Its use in the clock-case, 105

Work—

English school of, 114

Foreign craftsmen in London, 120

School of English amateurs, 121

Lacquered clock-case, its peculiarities, 112

Panels imported from the East, 109

Lamb, Charles, quoted on sundials, 162

Name falsely put on Dutch clocks, 36

Lancashire clock-case, peculiarities of, 230

Clockmakers, list of, 230

Lantern clock—

Early form, 45

Its similarity to ship's lantern, 46

Lilly, Life and Times quoted, 256

Liverpool and district, list of clockmakers, 224

Long-case clock—

Dutch origin of, 154

Evolution of the, 153

Georgian period, the, 131

Lacquer period, the, 105

Stability of the, 132

Veneer and marquetry period, the, 67

Loomes, Thomas, clock by, 191

Lovelace, Jacob (Exeter), 212, 242

Lowestoft china, so-called, with Dutch inscription, 173

Lunar day, the, 29

Lunette, the use of the, in dial and case, 158

Lustre ware clock vase, Staffordshire, 198

Macaulay, his account of death of Charles II, 50, 53

Mahogany long cases, the period of, 136

Makers, old, their personality given to clocks, 38

Mantel clocks, the English character of, 185

Marot, Daniel, his work at Hampton Court, 90, 91

Designs of long-case clocks, 155

Marquetry—

Country cabinet-makers' use of, 84

Decadence of, 100

Definition of, 71

Dutch school of, 79

Early English attempt at, 84

Finest period, 40, 79, 83

Foreign influence on English art, 79

German school of, 72

Imported sheets, frequent use of, 84, 97

Italian school of, 71

Provincial, 60

Revival of, Sheraton period, 123, 147

Veneer, the use of, with, 74

Martin, Sieur Simon Etienne, his varnish, 112

Mary, Queen, and Hampton Court, 98, 170

Massy, Henry (1680), dial of clock by, 158

Mean time, 29

Mechanism of clocks, early, 32

Midlands, list of clockmakers in the, 230

Mills, Humphry, Edinburgh (1661), 261

Richard, Edinburgh (1678-1710), 261

Minute, the, its division into seconds, 30

Mudge, Thomas, Exeter (1715), 37, 212

Musical clock attributed to Rimbault, 142

by George Aicken, Cork, 277

Name of maker, position on dial, 161

Names found on dials, origin of, 213

Nantes, Edict of, and its effect, 68, 120

Newcastle-upon-Tyne, list of makers, 215

New Geneva (near Waterford), Irish watchmaking centre at, 278

Silver assayed at, 278

New York Metropolitan Art Museum, clocks illustrated, 57, 193

Nineteenth century, best period of clockmaking in, 40

Long-case clock of the, 147

North of England, list of clockmakers, 215

Nottingham clockmakers, list of, 235

Numerals on dial, note on, 158, 165

Painted furniture simulating lacquer work, 123

Panels, lacquered, imported from the East, 109

Marquetry, their use in clock-case, 97

"Parliament" clocks, so-called, 124

Pendulum, the—

Advent of, 50

Early studies relating to, 154

First introduction of, 33

Introduced into England by Fromanteel, 37

Length of, determined by longitude, 179

Types of—

the anchor, 59;

the "royal" or long, 33;

the short, its position at front of dial, 33

Pepys' Diary quoted (1667), 161

Personal clock, the, 34

Personality in clockmaking, 38

Pinchbeck, Christopher, 37

Period of watches, 290

Pitt, his tax on clocks (1797), 124

Pope, Essay on Criticism quoted, 31

Porcelain, true, its introduction into Europe, 109

Poy, Godfrey, clock by (1745), 192

Pre-pendulum clocks, 33

Provincial clocks and makers, 211

Makers, some great, 211

Quare, name falsely put on Dutch clocks, 36

Queen Mary, her influence in rebuilding Hampton Court, 98

Ramsay, David, 255;

watch signed by, 257

Réfugié, le style, its introduction into England, 90

Regulator clock, the, 148

Repairs, ignorant restoration to be avoided, 42

Riesener, the marquetry of, 111

Rimbault, Stephen, 37

Noteworthy for musical clocks, 142, 147

Roentgen, David, the marquetry of, 111

Science, the dawn of, 35

Scott, Sir Walter, Fortunes of Nigel quoted, 255

Scottish clocks, 255

Character of, 266

Makers, eighteenth century, list of, 261, 262

Second, the, the second division of the hour, 30

Hand, the, 30

Seventeenth century, dawn of science in the, 35

Types of lantern clock, 53

Watches, 286, 287

Shagreen cases to watches, 290

Shakespeare, As you like it quoted, 162

King John quoted, 32

Sheraton style in clock-cases, 147

Spandrel ornament on clock-dial—

Artistic difficulty of, 166

Cherub head style, 166, 169

Cupids and crown style, 170

Spanish proverb quoted, 185

Specialization of clockmaking, 37

Spring, the, its early use as a motive power, 32

Staffordshire earthenware clock vase, 198

Stalker and Parker, treatise on "japanning" (1688), 122

Striking and alarum clocks, early, 32

Strowbridge (Dawlish), clock by, 204

Clock repaired by, 247

Stuart and Tudor ages compared, 35

Sundial, the, and its tradition, 162

Time, 29

Sussex, clockmakers of, 247

Clock (Ashburnham) illustrated, 243

Swiss watchmakers settled in Ireland (1784-90), 278

Table clocks, great variety of, 185

Time, apparent and mean, equation of, 29

and its measurement, 27

Babylonian method of reckoning, 28, 29, 30

Tokens, copper, of clockmakers illustrated, 218, 236

Tombstones, ornament on, indicative of contemporary styles, 157

Tomlinson, William, 37

Tompion, Thomas (1671-1713), 212, 236

Name of, falsely put on Dutch clocks, 36

Tudor and Stuart ages compared, 35

Veneer and marquetry, the use of, 74

Definition of, 69

Modern delicacy of, 69

Verge escapement of old clocks, 33

Vulliamy, Benjamin, 37

Benjamin Lewis, 37

Justin, 37

Wales, clocks made in, 248

Wall clock, early use of, 46, 49

Inn clock illustrated, 125

Irish wall clock illustrated, 277

Wall-paper—

Early use of in England, 99

Period in marquetry, 99

Repeat design of, on marquetry, 100

Walnut period of long case, 135, 136

Watches, Old English—

Battersea enamel, 290

Cromwellian, 289

Early Stuart, 289

Eighteenth-century, 290

Elizabethan, 289

Pinchbeck period, 290

Typical English described, 285, 286

William and Mary, 290

Watches, Liverpool and district famous for, 224

Waterford, Swiss watchmakers at, 278

Watson, Sam (Coventry), clock by (1687), 186

Webster's New International Dictionary quoted, 30

Wedgwood medallions as ornaments to clock-case, 204

Welsh clocks and makers, 248

West Country clockmakers, list of, 241

Wilkins, John, Bishop of Chester, quoted, 30

William and Mary period of decoration, 92, 97, 98

Windmills, name falsely put on Dutch clocks, 36

Woodcarvers at Hampton Court, 170

Wooden works of clocks, 266

Wren, Sir Christopher, his work at, Hampton Court, 91

Yorkshire clock-case, peculiarities of, 223, 229

Clockmakers, 217

Zoffany, clock-cases decorated by, 142

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