INDEX

Adolph R.: case story of, 69-70, 83 Age: relation of differences in, 27 Agencies: N.Y. Charity Organization Society, 44; National Desertion Bureau, 65, 69, 71. 101; United Hebrew Charities, 71; co-operative methods, 72-78, 84, 86-90; opinions on methods of arrest, 77, 78; N.Y. Association for Improving Condition of the Poor, 136; social problems and consultation bureaus, 195-199 Alcoholism: statistics on, 22; devastating effects of, 42; case story of woman, 57-61; and justifiable deserters, 111-114; relation to non-support, 156 American Marriage Laws in their Social Aspects, study by Russell Sage Foundation, 186 Apparent desertions: illustrated, 8, 9 Baldwin, Wm. H., 169, 177 Bastardy Cases, A Study of Louise de K. Bowen, 95 Bastardy, see Forced marriages Behind the Service Flag, Red Cross pamphlet, 160 Bigamy: and common law marriages, 98; immigrant deserters, 99 Bosanquet, Helen, 13 Bowen, Louise de K., 95 Brand, Harvey: case story of, 122 Brandt, Lilian, 26, 27, 192 Breed, Mary, 61, 150 Buffalo Charity Organization Society: non-support records, 156 Bureaus: National Desertion Bureau, 65, 69, 101; for consultation, 193-199; Court of Domestic Relations, Chicago, 193; Department of Public Charities, New York, 193; Children's Bureau, 197; importance of educational, 198-199. See also Agencies Byington, Margaret F., 12 Canada: extradition treaties sought, 119, 169 Carstens, C.C., 68 Case illustrations: of apparent desertion, 8; mental deficiency, 24; reconciliation through education, 30; incompatibility and the "other woman," 40; interviewing the man essential, 57-61; liberal relief policy, 62; agency co-operation, 69, 75, 82, 83, 84; accident case, 79; traced through letter, 81; reconciliation after court marriage, 95; "American" marriages, 99; justifiable desertion, 111, 112-114; antagonism, 111-112; prison sentences helpful, 121, 122; adequate relief rids wife of chronic deserter, 131; adjustment impossible, 134; real affection a basis of reconciliation, 135; rehabilitation of a deserter, 137; wife reluctant to return to man who reformed, 141; non-support and ill-kept homes, 153; re-establishing non-supporters' homes, 158, 160, 161-163; inadequate court orders, 172, 173 Case work, see Social workers Causal factors: analysis of study, 10, 15; motives and theories, 17-49; rationalization discussed, 17-22; summary of statistics, 21-22, 26-27, 45; feeble-mindedness, 24-25; training and self-control, 25-26; nationality, 26-27; religion, 27; age, 27; environment, 27-28; wrong basis of marriage, 28; common law marriage, 29; ignorance, 29; incompetence, 31; wanderlust, 32; inadequate income, 32; financial mismanagement, 33; physical condition, 34-35; temperamental differences, 36; sex incompatibility, 37-39; vice and disease, 39-43; relatives, interference of, 43-44; racial studies, 44-45; community standards, 45-46; recreation, 47; companions, influence of, 48; shifting responsibility, 48; underlying causes, 49; seeking a working basis, 91-105 Charitable relief: desertion in expectation of, 48, 61; Mary Breed on, 61; immigrant's interpretation of, 99-100. See also Collusion Chicago Court of Domestic Relations, bureau for marital advice, 193 Chicago Juvenile Protective Association: study of forced marriages by, 94-95 Children's Bureau, 197 Closing the case: extended treatment recommended, 63 Colcord, J.C., 61, 104, 133 Collins, C.F., 180 Collusion: infrequency of, 52, 70; case stories of, 71, 72; statistics of National Desertion Bureau, 71; preventive measures, 73-80 Common law marriages: legal protection under, 29; confusion of state laws, 98 Community ideals, see Standards Companions: influence, and wanderlust, 47-48; aid in finding deserters, 77, 80 Co-operation of agencies, 68-78, 84, 86-90; suggested methods of finding deserters, 78-90; probation officers, 116, 122-124 Corrective treatment: legislative recommendations, 164-184; military systems aid in tracing deserters, 165-166; obstacles, 167; serving a warrant or summons, 168; extradition treaties recommended, 169; dependency through emigration, report on, 170; deportation laws, 171; court orders to pay, Seybert Institution report on, 172-177; special courts for juvenile delinquents, 177, 178, 179; Family Court of Cincinnati, 178; domestic relations court, 178, 179-180, 181-182; probation officers, 182-184 Court intervention: policy of treatment in past, 50-51; reasons, and laxity of laws, 51-52; social agency statistics, 52; a last resort, 53-54; effect of, 55, 95; for persistent deserters, 114-117; extradition, 117-119; probation, 119-124; warrant served by wife, 127; effecting reconciliations, 132-140; domestic relation courts effect reconciliations, 132; volunteers, 139-140; inadequacy of orders, 172-177; for juvenile delinquents, 178, 181; domestic relations, 179-182, 193 Department of Public Charities, New York City, bureau of domestic relations, 193 Deserters and their Families, Lilian Brandt, 192 Desertion and Non-Support in Family Case Work. Joanna C. Colcord, 61, 104, 133 Detectives: methods objectionable, 74, 77 Disease: statistical analysis, 22; and psychiatry, 24; effects of physical debility, 34; venereal disease, 41; alcoholism, 42. See also Medical-Social work District of Columbia: non-support laws, 177 Divorce: relation to desertion, 7, 8; not considered, 16; administration of laws, and respect for, 46; by publication, 101; clearing bureau for, 101-102; for long continued desertion, 110; legal separation to protect wife, 127; bureaus might prevent, 193-199 Domestic relations courts: to combine with juvenile, 178, 179; Family Court of Cincinnati, 178; equity powers for, 179, 180; amendment pending, 179; facilities, 181 Domestic Relations Court and Divorce. C.W. Hoffman, 178, 181 Donald, Patrick: case story of, 19 Drug addiction, see Narcotics Early influences: and self-control, 25-26; educational, 29, 30, 46, 92, 153, 198 Economics: ratio of desertions in "hard times," 21, 32; family finances, 33; service bureaus, 194 Education: social studies of family life, 11-14; early training and delinquency, 26; background for failures, 29-30; destructive forces, 46; suggestions for case workers, 63; Attendance Department traces deserters, 73; non-support and inefficiency eliminated by, 153; propaganda, 198 Ellis, Havelock, 39 Environment: and immigration, 27-28; neighborhood standards, 46, 102 Equity powers, of domestic relations courts, 179, 180 Eubank, E.E., 21 Extradition: state problems, 117-119; for dangerous men, 129-130; non-support law, 150; treaties essential, ratification pending, 169, 170; N.Y. state law, 182 Extravagance: family finances, 33 Family as a Social and Educational Institution, The. Willystine Goodsell, 11 Family Court of Cincinnati, 178 Family Desertion. Lilian Brandt, 26 Family Desertion, A Study of. E.E. Eubank,21 Family life: permanence of, 9, 11-15; spiritual values of, 12, 29; consultation service to solve problems of, 195-199 Family, The. Helen Bosanquet, 13 Fear of bodily harm from dangerous deserters, 128-129 Federal Employment Service, 166 Finding deserters, 65-90; National Desertion Bureau, 65, 69, 71; urgency of finding the man, 67; C.C. Carstens quoted, 68; example of, 69-70; collusion, instances of, 70-73; literature lacking, 74; detective methods, illustration of, 74-77; suggestions for, 78-80; through military authorities, 81-82; trade places, 82-83; publications, 83, 84, 85; bulletin boards, 84; employment agencies, 84; agency co-operation, 86-90 First desertions: temporary character of, 8; medical-social work a preventive, 9; accident records aid in tracing, 79; critical nature of, 91; when apt to occur, 191-192 First problem in desertion, 67, 91 Forced marriages: irregular unions, 28; investigation of, and statistics, 92-96; study by Chicago Juvenile Protective Association, 94; case illustrations, 95-96 Forel, August, 39 Francis, Mrs.: case story of, 131 Frost, Robert, 14 Gambling: effect upon character, 43; relation to non-support, 156 Glasgow Parish Council, report on dependency, 170-171 Goodsell, Willystine, 11 Gorokhoff, Andreas: case story of, 121 Gray, Aleck: case story of, 161-163 Hart, Bernard, 20 Healy, Dr. William, 196 Heredity: psychopathic personality, 24; feeble-mindedness, 25; racial differences, 26-28 Hoffman, Charles W., 178, 181 Illustrations, see Case illustrations Immorality, see Sex factors Inadequate relief: legal separation, and the law, 128; wife's attitude, 130; illustrated, 131; court orders, inconsistency of, 172-176; recent legislation to correct, 177. See also Non-support Income: economic issues, 21, 22, 30; wages and non-support, 32-33 Incompatibility: temperamental differences, 36; sex relations, 37-39, 40 Industrial deficiency: in husband and wife, 25, 31; national registration to correct, 166 Insanity: study of defectives, 20, 24 Insanity, The Psychology of. Bernard Hart, 20 Instability: forms of, mental and physical, 17-22; factors that induce, 24-43, 47-49 "Intermittent husbands," 43, 153 Interviewing the man: importance of, 55-57, 105; case story, 57-61 Italy: marriage registration in, 100 Judge Baker Foundation, of Boston, 196 Justifiable deserters: and alcoholism, 42; case illustration, 57-61, 111; procedure with, 112 Justification: thirst for experience, 9, 19; process of rationalization, 20; venereal disease and separation, 41; alcohol, and "justifiable deserters," 42; Williams case illustrates, 57-61, 111; and the non-supporter, 152-154 Juvenile courts: movement for special, 177, 178; Juvenile Court Act, 178; combine with domestic relation courts, 178; Family Court of Cincinnati, 178; facilities, 181 Laflin, Mrs.: case story of, 155 Latham, George: case story of, 137 Legal separation to protect wife, 127-129 Legislation: irregular unions, 29, 98; pioneering methods, 50-52; state aid to mothers, 63; common law unions, legality of, 98, 101; Italian, 100; divorce for permanent desertion, 110; for justifiable deserters, 111-112; court action for persistent deserters, 114-117; extradition, 117-119, 129; probation, 120-124; legal facilities to promote efficiency, 164-184; serving a warrant, 168; extradition treaties, 169-170; deportation, 171; court procedure, 172-177; juvenile delinquency, 177, 178, 180; domestic relations, and special courts, 177, 178, 179, 180-182; marriage laws, 186, 195 Loane, M., 154 Long, Martin: case story of, 141 Making the Deserter Pay the Piper. W.H. Baldwin, 177 Mancini, Onofrio: case story of, 172 Marital vagaries: possible reasons for, 35 Marriage: spiritual values of, 11, 12, 29; homelier elements in, 13-15; wrong bases of, 28; common law unions, 29; disparagement of ideals condemned, 45-46, 198; verification, and state legislation, 98-100; registration in Italy, 100; American marriage laws, 186 McCann, Herbert: case story of, 84-85, 86 Medical-social work: preventing desertion, 9; summary of case analyses, 22; psychiatry and mental deficiency, 24; physical debility, 34; "pregnancy desertion," 34-35; sex incompatibility, 37-39; bureaus of advice recommended, 193-196. See also Psychology Mellor, Joseph: case story of, 111 Mentality: irresponsible agents, 17-20; psychology of insanity, 20, 24; educational handicaps, 29 Mexico: and extradition, 119, 170 Morgan, Charles: case story of, 147-148 Motion, J.R., 171 Myers, Hiram, 191, 192 Narcotics: percentage of influence, 22, 42 Nationality: statistical facts about difference in, 26-27, 44-45; racial attitude, and percentages of deserters, 44-45; case problem, 49; Jewish desertion bureau, 65, 69, 71, 101-102 National Conference of Jewish Charities, seeks extradition treaty, 169 National Conference of Social Work, extradition treaty urged, 169 National Desertion Bureau, Jewish legal aid, 65; story of tracing a deserter, 69-70; collusive desertion cases, 71; clearing bureau established, 101-102 Neighborhood influence, see Standards Newspapers, see Publicity 206 New York Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor: practice of Desertion Bureau, 136 New York Charity Organization Society: study of racial groups, and percentages, 44-45 New York State Conference of Charities and Correction, Proceedings, on non-supporters, 150 Non-supporters: as potential deserters, 149-163; legal treatment of, 149-150; analogous to deserters, 150-153, 188; characteristics, 151, 189, 190; wife's influence a factor, 152-154; illustrations, 155, 158, 160; reclamation, illustrated, 161-163; approach to desertion, 188-191 Non-support Law: in Massachusetts, 149-150 Normal Family, The. Margaret F. Byington, 12 North of Boston. Robert Frost, 14 One Thousand Homeless Men. Alice W. Solenberger, 157 Overindulgence: teaching self-control, 25-26; wage-earning wives, 154 Pelligrini, Orfeo: case story of, 99 Permanence of family life, 9, 11-15 Permanent desertions, see Divorce Philadelphia Court of Domestic Relations, report on reconciliations, 135-136 Philadelphia Society for Organizing Charity: report of, 7 Photographs of deserters: society presents to wife, 10; tracing out-of-town clues, 78, 84, 85 Physical condition: ill health, 34; "difficulty" of pregnant women, 35; maladjustments, 38; recreation essential, 47; recommendations, 196-199 "Pregnancy desertion": how explained, 34-35 Preventive treatment: past opinions, 187; non-support leading to desertion, 188-192; for first desertions, 192-193; bureaus for advice and consultation, 193-199; suggestions for, 196-199 Probation: testimony of social workers, 119-120; and imprisonment, 121-124; legal separation proceedings during, 128; officers effect reconciliation, 132; illustrations, 133-134, 137, 141; "stay-away" probation, 138; economy plan for officers, 178; number and efficiency of officers, 182-184; consultation bureau, 193 Provisional quality of desertions, 9 Psychoanalysis: mental deficients, and heredity, 24; incompatibility and sex perversion, 37-39. See also Sex factors Psychology: rationalization process, 20; mental defectives, 24; sex incompatibility, 37-39; studies on, 39; knowledge of, essential, 103 Publicity: photographs a medium of, 10, 78, 84, 85; agencies and newspapers, 84-90; divorce by "publication," 101; illustration, 196 Queen's Poor, The. M. Loane, 154 Questionnaires: liberal relief policy, 62; searching for deserters, 78; treatment of desertion, 106 Ratio of desertions: economic factors, 21, 31, 32-33 Reconciliation: factors that prompt, 13-14; and the "other woman," 40-41; following court marriage, 95-96; after prison term, 121-122; considerations involved, 125-132; unwillingness of wife, illustrated, 131; criminal tendencies prevent, 134; affection a safe basis of, 135; practice of N.Y. Association for Improving Condition of the Poor, 136-137; volunteer visitors helpful, 139-140; case worker's success in effecting, illustrated, 142-148; bureaus to promote, 193-199 Recreation: why essential, 47 Red Cross Home Service, 81, 159, 160 Relatives: interference of, 43-44, 49 Religion: differences in, a study of, 26, 27 Repeated desertions: frequency of, 8; "intermittent husbands," 43, 153; suggestions for tracing the man, 79; relative nature of, 92 Responsibility: self-therapy illustrated, 8; deserters disclaim, 19-20; essentials of early training, 25-26; education promotes, 29, 198; and charitable relief, 48, 100; wage-earning wives, and non-supporters, 154 Richmond, Mary E.: on volunteers in case work, 78, 106, 140 Ridicule: of matrimony, by press and films, 45-46 Russell Sage Foundation, study, American marriage laws, 186 Selective Service Act, 165 Sex factors: determine forgiveness, 13-14; statistical summary, 21-22; "pregnancy desertion," 34-35; incompatibility, 37-40; immorality, 39, 96; knowledge of sex psychology essential, 103 Sex in Relation to Society. Havelock Ellis, 39 Sexual Question, The. A. Forel, 39 Seybert Institution, Philadelphia, on relation of income to court order, 173 Slacker marriages, 97 Social workers: opinions of, 7-8; appreciative faculties of, 11; knowledge of sex relations imperative, 37-38; diagnoses referred to specialists, 38; undervalue recreation, 47; questionnaires on treatment, 62, 78, 106; detective methods, 68-90; agency co-operation, 78-90; sex problems, 103; necessary information for, summarized, 104-105; protection of legal separation, 127; successful case records, 142-148 Solenberger, Alice W., 157 Spiritual values: of family life, 11-12, 29 Standards: and temperamental differences, 36; community concepts, 45-46; neighborhood influence, 47, 102 State aid to mothers, 63; vital statistics, 93 Temporary desertions: report of Philadelphia Society, 7-8; domestic crises and vagaries, 34-35. See also Reconciliation Theories to explain desertion, 20. See also Causal factors Treatment of desertion: policy, past and present, 50-64; court intervention, 50-54; interviewing the man, 55-60, 105; relief to families, 61; opinions of case workers, 62; case story, 62; state aid, 63; closing the case, time for, 63; changes in worker's attitudes, 64; whereabouts known, willing to return, 125-148; Philadelphia Court of Domestic Relations, study by, 135-136; N.Y. Association for Improving Condition of the Poor, practice of, 136; family restoration illustrated, 137; volunteers recommended, 139-140; wife relents, illustration of reconciliation, 141; study of successful worker's records, 142-148 United Hebrew Charities, 71 Vagaries: marital, 34-35 Venereal disease: relation to desertion, 41 Verification: of marriage, 98-99; in Italy, 100; Latin-American custom, 100 Volunteers: service valuable for effecting reconciliation, 139-140 Wanderlust: instability of temperament, 19; relation to desertion, 32 Warrant for arrest: protection afforded wife, 127; system inadequate, 168 West, Alfred: case story of, 30 Wife and Family Desertion: Emigration as a Contributory Cause. J.R. Motion, 171 Wife who deserts, not considered, 15 Williams, Mrs. Clara: case story of, 57-60, 111