ITINERARY.
Reading edition
Stage, Military, And Mine Roads, Stations, Towns, And Military Posts. Water, Wood, Grass, Etc., En Route. Compiled From The Best Military And Other Authorities.
Yuma, A. T., to Mesilla, N. M.—Overland Road and Stations of the S. P. O. M. S. Line.
Miles.
Yuma, A. T.*
Desconso 14 14
Gila City 8 22
Rattlesnake 7 29
Mission Camp 1 3 32
Filibuster 12 44
Antelope Peak 6 50
Mohawk 2 16 66
Teamster’s Camp 3 20 86
Stanwix* 20 96
Burke’s 4 12 108
Oatman Flat 5 10 118
Gila Bend 6 30 148
Maricopa Wells* 7 43 191
Pima Villages 8 12 203
Sweet Water. 7 209
Sacaton. 6 215
Montezuma. 10 225
Sanford 9 8 233
Florence* 10 4 237
Desert Wells 36 273
Point of Mountain 9 282
Water Holes 9 291
Tucson* 11 9 300
Cienega 12 30 330
Tres Alimos 13 20 350
Steel’s Ranch 14 40 390
Apache Pass* (Camp Bowie) 15 35 425
Ralston, New Mexico 50 475
Knight’s Ranch, New Mexico 25 500
Silver City, ” 16 25 525
Fort Bayard, ” 10 535
Rio Membres, ” 40 565
Fort Cummings* ” 20 585
Slocum’s, ” 30 615
Mesilla, ” 17 15 645
Distances Between Stations, commencing at Dos Palmas, on S. P. R. R., and thence over Lines of Cal. and Arizona Stage Co.
Miles.
Dos Palmas west to Canyon Springs 15
Canyon Sp’gs ” Chuckawalla 36 51
Chuckawalla ” Mule Springs 18 69
Mule Springs ” Willows 29 98
Willows ” Ehrenberg 1 11 109
Ehrenberg ” Tyson’s Wells 2 22 131
Tyson’s Wells ” Desert Well 3 28 159
Desert Well ” Mungia Well 17 176
Mungia Well ” Cullings Well 4 15 191
Cullings Well ” Point Mountain 25 216
Point Mountain ” Wickenburg 5 20 236
Wickenburg north to Partridge City 17 253
Partridge City ” Antelope Valley 10 26
Antelope Val’y ” Dixon 17 280
Dixon ” Prescott 6 17 297
Wickenburg south to Smith’s Mills 7 15
Smith’s Mills ” Agua Fria 28 43
Agua Fria ” Phœnix 8 22 65
Phœnix ” Hayden Ferry 9 74
Hayden Ferry ” House’s Well 20 94
House’s Well ” Florence 20 114
Florence ” Tucson (overland stage) 63 277
Military Routes.
Numbers 1-9 include all the Routes north of the Gila River; Numbers 14-25 include all the routes south of the Gila River in Arizona, and the Routes from San Diego to Fort Yuma; Numbers 26-31 include the Routes from Arizona into New Mexico and Sonora, from Fort Whipple, A. T., to Fort Wingate, New Mexico, and the Routes from Camp Pinal and Camp Apache.
☞When there is more than one route, the distance on the usual route is marked with an Asterisk (*). There is a difference of ten per cent. less, as a rule, on the roads and routes surveyed by the military authorities, as compared with those given by the stage companies and mail contractors.
No. Route. Distance.
1 Camp Mojave to Willow Grove 79.78
2 Camp Willow Grove to Fort Whipple (Prescott) 84.88
3 Fort Whipple to Camp Verde 38.59
4 Fort Whipple to Date Creek 59.65
5 Ehrenberg to Camp Colorado (Indian Reservation) 45.50
6 Ehrenberg to Date Creek { *130.32
137.17
7 Ehrenberg to Wickenburg, A. T. 131.32
8 Camp Colorado to Date Creek { *175.82
84.00
9 Date Creek to Camp McDowell { *109.83
126.18
10 Date Creek to Maricopa Wells 101.05
11 Wickenburg to Fort Whipple, (Prescott) via trail 55.00
12 Wickenburg to Camp McDowell, via trail 65.00
13 Camp McDowell to Fort Whipple (Prescott) 109.85
14 Camp McDowell to Camp Reno 33.00
15 Camp Reno to Camp Verde 90.00
16 Camp McDowell to Maricopa Wells 44.81
17 Camp McDowell to Camp Grant 106.17
18 San Diego to Fort Yuma, Cal. { *191.61
229.05
19 Fort Yuma, Cal., to Maricopa Wells (Yuma) 176.73
20 Maricopa Wells to Camp Grant 90.78
21 Camp Grant to Camp Goodwin 153.46
22 Camp Grant to Camp Bowie 135.34
23 Maricopa Wells to Tucson (Camp Lowell) 98.01
24 Camp Grant to Tucson (Camp Lowell) 52.08
25 Tucson (Camp Lowell) to Camp Goodwin 149.85
26 Tucson (Camp Lowell) to Camp Bowie 105.36
27 Tucson (Camp Lowell) to Camp Crittenden (east of Santa Rita) { *50.78
87.36
28 Camp Crittenden to Camp Bowie 97.55
29 Camp Bowie to Camp Goodwin { *88.00
99.00
30 Camp Bowie, A. T., to Fort Cummings 114.00
31 Tucson (Camp Lowell) A. T., to Guaymas, Mexico 350.78
32 Camp Wallen, (abandoned) A. T., to Guaymas, Mexico 317.50
33 Tucson, (Camp Lowell) A. T., to La Libertad, Mexico { *225.23
226.97
34 Tucson, (Camp Lowell) A. T., to Lobos, Mexico 213.64
35 Camp Pinal to Tucson (Camp Lowell) 114.63
36 Camp Pinal to Fort Whipple 243.97
37 Camp Pinal to Camp Grant 87.65
38 Camp Apache to Tucson (Camp Lowell) 221.85
39 Camp Apache to Maricopa Wells 316.24
40 Camp Apache to Fort Whipple 268.00
41 Fort Whipple (Prescott) to Fort Wingate, N. M. 285.76
From Yuma.
To Miles. Route
Camp Pinal, disused 260 Via Florence, on the Overland Road.
Camp Apache 497 Via both Tucson and via Camp Grant, 494 miles.
Camp Bowie 380
Camp Colorado, disused 195 Via Ehrenberg and then by river road, 45 miles.
Camp Colorado, ” 215 Via river steamer.
Camp Crittenden, ” 326 Via Maricopa Wells, Tucson and Davidson’s Springs.
Date Creek, ” 278 Via Ehrenberg or via Camp Colorado.
Camp Goodwin, ” 425
Camp Grant 268 Via Maricopa Wells and Florence or Tucson.
Tucson 275 Via direct from Maricopa, by stage road 300 miles.
Camp McDowell 222 Via overland road to Maricopa Wells.
Camp Mojave 503 By river steamer.
Camp Reno, disused 255 Via Camp Verde.
Camp Verde 377 Via overland road to Maricopa Wells, and thence via Phœnix and Camp McDowell.
Prescott 338 Via Oatman Flat and Wickenberg.
Ehrenberg 140 By river steamer.
Maricopa Wells 177 By regular stage route, 191 miles.
La Paz 130 By river steamer.
Guaymas, Mexico 620 Via Tucson.
La Libertad, Mexico 500 Via Tucson.
Lobos, Mexico 489
Tubac 321 Via Maricopa Weils direct to Tucson, regular stage route 346 ms.
Castle Dome Mills 12
” Mines 22
” Landing 22 By river steamer.
Sonora Line 50 ” ”
Eureka ” ”
Landing ” ”
Aubry ” ”
Hardyville ” ”
Callville ” ”
From Prescott.
To Miles. To Miles.
Camp Pinal, disused 244 Camp Toll Gate, disused 39
Camp Apache 481 Camp Verde 39
Camp Bowie 364 Fort Cummings, N. M. 478
Camp Colorado, disused 236 Fort Yuma, Cal. (Yuma, A. T.) 338
Camp Crittenden, ” 310 Ehrenberg, A. T. 190
Camp Date Creek, ” 60 Maricopa Wells 161
Camp Goodwin, ” 409 Guaymas, Mexico 610
Camp Grant, A. T. 252 La Libertad, Mexico 484
Camp Lowell, (Tucson) 259 Lobos, Mexico 473
Camp McDowell 170 San Diego, Cal. 530
Camp Mojave 165 Tubac 305
Camp Reno, disused 203 Fort Wingate, N. M. 286
Camp Mojave to Willow Grove, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Hardyville 6 6 Village; sandy road.
Alexander’s Camp 2 8 Water and wood; no grass.
First Water, Union Pass 11 20 Water; grass scarce; no wood; no camping ground.
Union Pass (Spring) 1 21 Water; no wood or grass; road up hill; no camping ground.
Coyote Spring 16 38 Water; grass scarce; wood.
Beale’s Spring 1 39 Another spring ½ mile beyond; very good water.
Hualpais Spring 14 54 Half a mile to right of road; water bad; good grass.
Tanks 12 67 Filled with sand; no water or wood.
Cottonwood 7 75 Water, grass and wood.
Willow Grove 4 81 With the fractions added.
1½ miles beyond Beale’s Spring, where road crosses Sandy Wash, there is permanent and good water; ¼ mile to right of road, in the Wash, grass abundant; good camping ground. Wood near by, ¾ mile to left of road. Up the Wash are large bodies of good water.
3 miles before reaching Hualpais Spring, just after crossing Big Wash, good permanent water; grass and wood 1½ miles to right of road; good road nearly to the water. In coming from Willow Grove to Camp Mojave, in order to reach this camping ground turn to left 2 miles after leaving Hualpais Spring. Important camping ground, used by trains.
Willow Grove to Prescott, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Fort Rock 9 9 Ranch. Water, grass and wood. Road generally good.
Camp near Muddy Cañon 11 20 Water in cañon 300 yards to right of road; wood abundant; road good.
Anvil Rock 4 24 Water and grass.
Oaks and Willows 9 33 Water, grass and wood. Road generally good.
Old Toll Gate 9 43 Abandoned. Road hilly, otherwise good.
Roblett’s (Ranch) 2 45 Water, grass and wood.
Toll Gate (Ranch) } 1 46 Water and wood abundant. Road as above.
Camp Hualpai
Williamson’s Valley 15 62 Water and grass; no wood. Road excellent.
Lee’s Ranch 13 75 Water, grass and wood. Road excellent.
Prescott 11 86 Road excellent.
Three miles beyond Camp near Muddy Cañon is an old government camping ground, with water all the year; wood and grass abundant. New road forks to the left, one mile beyond Camp. Two miles further is the Camp opposite the above mentioned water, one-fourth mile to right of road. Present camping ground well marked.
This new road intersects old road one mile before reaching Anvil Rock; is smooth, and avoids the rocky hills on the old road, now very difficult for loaded teams. Both roads are boggy in winter.
Prescott (Fort Whipple) to Camp Verde, A. T. Route 1.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
1Lurty’s Ranch 11 11 Water and grass; wood scarce. Good road.
Ash Creek 9 21 Water permanent; grazing tolerably fair; wood scarce.
Cienega 7 28 Water permanent; grazing excellent; wood close by spring.
Summit Grief Hill 4 32 Water to right of road one mile before reaching Summit except in dry season;grazing good; wood plenty.
Camp Verde 5 38 Road good; first mile steep descent.
Prescott, (Fort Whipple) to Camp Verde, A. T. Route 2.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Lurty’s Ranch 14 14 Via “Point of Rocks.” Water and grass; wood scarce; road good.
New Road to Camp McDowell 6 20
Ash Creek 2 23 Water permanent; grazing fair; wood scarce.
Government Saw Mill 6 30
Camp Verde 16 46 Good road.
Captain Foster, Assistant Quartermaster, reported this road in 1874 as the only practicable one for loaded wagons, between Fort Whipple and Camp Verde.
Prescott to Date Creek, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Lee’s Ranch 11 11 Water, grass and wood. Right-hand road to Camp Mojave.
Tonto Spring 9 20.60 Water to right of road ¼ mile distant. Good camping ground.
Dickson’s Ranch 10 30.60 Water, grass and wood. Road good.
Ehle’s Ranch 3 34.10 Water, grass and grain. Road good. Mail station; good stabling.
Uncle Rob’s 5 39.79 Water, grass and grain.
Jones’ Camp 3 42.79 Water, part of year; grass good. Road bad and dangerous.
Willow Spring 4 47.71 Water ¼ mile to left of road; grass good; wood scarce.
Soldiers’ Holes 6 53.71 Water in rainy season.
Date Creek 5 60.00 Road mostly good.
By a rough trail from Fort Whipple over Granite Mountains to Ehle’s Ranch (Skull Valley) the distance is estimated at eighteen miles. There is another trail leading over this range entering Skull Valley at its upper end, (Dickson’s Ranch) three and one-half miles from Ehle’s. This trail is three or four miles longer than the other, but is not so rough. In winter the short trail (so-called) is often obstructed by snow. These trails are used by the “Mail Carrier.”
Camp Apache to Prescott, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Tank 18 18
Spring 5 23
Forks of Road 8 31 Right fork to Zuni, N. M.
Jo. N.’s Camp 18 49
Silver Spring 4 53
Stoneman’s Camp 8 61
Shevelon’s fork of Colorado 7 68 After crossing, take right fork of road.
Crossing of Little Colorado 28 96
Sunset Crossing 33 129
Tank 18 147
Jo. N.’s Camp 20 167
Sante Spring 8 175
Stoneman’s Lake 13 188
Beaver Creek 18 206
Camp Verde 18 224
Prescott 44 268
Dos Palmas (S. P. R. R.) to Ehrenberg, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
1Dos Palmas (S. P. R. R.) Cañon Springs 11 190 Water and wood; little grass. Good road.
Chuc-a-walla (Station) 34 224 Water and wood. Good road.
Laguna 30 254 Water and wood; little grass; heavy sand.
Willow Springs 7 261 Water, grass and wood. Good road.
Bradshaw’s Ferry (Ranch) 12 273 Water and wood. Good road.
2Ehrenberg 2 276 Sandy road.
Irrigated lands in Southern Arizona will readily produce two crops of grain each year, and several of alfalfa. Some lands, belonging to the Pima Indians, as well as fields about Tucson and the ranches of the Santa Cruz and San Pedro Valleys, are known to have been in continuous cultivation for at least from two to three hundred years. Water fertilizes and restores the soil. The valley of the Gila, under analysis, shows more phosphorates and other fertilizers than that of the Nile.
A sand storm on the mesas of Southern Arizona is not a pleasant affair to encounter. If caught in one on horse-back or afoot, imitate the animals, put your face close to the ground and turn your back to the blast.
Ehrenberg to Camp McDowell, A. T., via Date Creek.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Tyson’s (Los Pasos) 25 25 Good water; hay and grain.
Desert Station 25 51 Good water; hay and grain.
Flint’s 19 70 Good water and grass.
McMullen’s 4 74 Old road branches here} Road by Martinez’s Cañon.} west of
Cullen’s 10 85 Good water and grass. } Date Creek
Date Creek Crossing 36 121 Good water and grass. } Mountain.
Date Creek 9 130
Martinez’s Cañon 7 7 Water, grass and wood; road boggy in wet season. Right fork to Ehrenberg.
Vulture Mill 18 26 Last six miles of road sandy.
1Wickenburg 1 27 Settlement.
2Camp on Hassyampa 5 33 Water (except in very dry season), grass and wood.
Road leaves Hassyampa 2 35 Quicksands in Hassyampa sometimes impassable. (See Note.)
Mud Tanks 12 48 Water in rainy season.
Point of Mountain 7 55 Permanent water in White Tanks,1½ miles to right of road.
3Forks of Road 56 Right fork to Salinas Lower Crossing.
Crossing of Agua Frio Ranch 9 65
Phœnix (Swelling’s R’ch) 19 85 Settlement.
Acequia 1 86
Forks of Road 12 98 Right fork to Maricopa Wells and Camp Grant.
Camp McDowell 11 110
Camp McDowell to Maricopa Wells, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Forks of Road 11 11 Right fork to Phœnix.
Ferry Station 2 13 Left fork to Camp Grant. Water, grass and wood. Crossing of Salinas River.
Desert Station 11 24 Well of water. Hay and grain at Station.
Morgan’s Ferry 17 41 Crossing of Gila River.
Maricopa Wells 3 45 Stores. No grass or wood.
During the winter the Gila is usually and the Salinas occasionally, unfordable.
Camp McDowell to Camp Grant, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Forks of Road 11 11 Road excellent. Right fork to Phœnix.
Ferry Station 2 13 Small station; bad ford at high water.
Florence (crossing Gila) 38 52 Good fording; Ranch ½ mile this side.
Ruggles and Ewing 3 56 Last Ranch before leaving river;good stopping place.
Junction with Sacaton R’d 4 60 Desert mesa.
Round Valley 12 73 No water, wood or grass.
Camp near Round Valley 2 75 Water ½ mile to left of road by trail.
Cottonwoods 13 89 Water ½ mile to right of road by trail; grass; wood scarce.
Junction with Tucson R’d 13 103
Camp Grant 3 106 Crossing Rio San Pedro.
At Prescott, clerks receive from $50 to $125 per month, with board often thrown in; carpenters and painters, from $4 to $6 per day; masons, from $6 to $8, and in some cases, when a man is possessed of superior skill, as high as $10 per day; ranch hands, herders, cow-boys, from $25 to $50 per month, and board; common laborers, from $2 to $3 per day; domestic servants, men and women, from $25 to $40 per month; but as yet there is no great demand.
Maricopa Wells to Camp Grant, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Pima Villages 10 10 Store and mill.
Sweet Water 6 16 Store.
Sacaton 6 22 Store; water; grass scarce; right fork of road direct to Tucson.
Reservation, eastern boundary 7 29
Walker’s Ranch 6 35 Indian village and store.
White’s Ranch 4 39 Gila; wood, hay, grain; little grass.
Junction with Camp McDowell Road 7 46
Camp Grant 46 92 Crossing San Pedro.
The road from Maricopa Wells to Pima Villages is cut up with small gullies, from 1 to 4 feet deep, with steep sides, which, in rainy seasons, are muddy and troublesome.
The left fork leads up the Gila to Adamsville, 2½ miles distant, where are two stores, a mill, etc., and thence to Ruggles and Ewing’s Ranch, (4 miles) where is a store; here the road intersects the road between Camps McDowell and Grant.
Camp Grant to Camp Goodwin.—In very rainy seasons it is necessary to go via Tucson, distance 202 miles. The shorter and better route, except in winter, is up the San Pedro River, 57 miles, to within 8 miles of Tres Alamos, where the left fork leads to Croton Springs, distance 25 miles, and thence to Camp Goodwin, 71 miles—total distance, 153 miles. On this road there are plenty of water, grass and wood, all along the San Pedro River.
Camp Grant to Camp Bowie.—To Croton Spring, distance 82 miles; thence to intersection with road between Tucson and Camp Bowie, distance 16 miles, and thence to Camp Bowie, 37 miles—total distance, 135 miles.
Maricopa Wells.
To Miles. Total Miles.
Yuma 191
Tucson, southeast, (overland stage road) 109
Sacaton (en route direct to Tucson) 22
Blue Water ” ” 20 43
Picacho 13 57
Point of Mountains 24 81
Tucson 17 98
Camp Grant 90
This is a stage station, with stores, etc., of importance. It is the point of divergence for branch stages to Phœnix, Camp McDowell, and Camp Verde.
Fuller, in his Treatise on Silver Mines, says: “Wherever, in any part of the world, silver mines have been worked they are worked now, unless closed for war, invasion of Indians, etc. We know of no silver mines in the world that have given out.” In support of this position, he instances the mines of Mexico, the old Spanish mines, (opened before Humboldt’s time) the South American mines, still as productive as they were three centuries ago, mines in Hungary worked before the Christian era, the silver mines of Freiburg, opened in the 11th century, etc., nearly all now worked with unabated productiveness.
Maricopa Wells to Tucson, A. T.
(Going south direct.)
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Sacaton 22 22 Left fork of road to Camp Grant.
Blue Water 20 43 Well; grass and wood plenty; station; hay and grain.
Picacho 13 57 Grass and wood plenty; no water.
Mud Tanks 15 72 Water in wet weather, wood scarce.
Point of Mountain 8 81 Wells; grass plenty, wood scarce;
Nine Mile Water 8 89 station, hay and grain.
Tucson 8 98 Capital of Territory. Road good after passing Pima Villages.
Camp Grant to Tucson, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Camp Grant Crossing of San Pedro
Forks of Road 2 2 Wood scarce; grass Right fork of road to Maricopa Wells.
Cañon del Oro 21 24 Water, grass, and wood plenty.
Water 5 30 Water scarce; grass and wood plenty.
Dry Camp 8 38 Water in wet weather; grass and wood plenty.
Roieta 8 47 Water in wet weather; grass and
Tucson (Camp Lowell) 4 52 wood plenty.
The Rio San Pedro is sometimes impassable in winter on account of high water. The first nine miles of the road is in a cañon, level, and very sandy; the rest of the road to Cañon del Oro is hilly, ascending till near the cañon, when there is a long, steep descent. Three miles beyond Cañon del Oro the road enters the bed of a stream, usually dry; and continues in it to within a half mile of Dry Camp. At the foot of the mountains, opposite Dry Camp, say one and a half miles distant, are the ruins of an old Pueblo, where there is water all the year. The Roieta in winter is a running stream.
Tucson
To Miles. To Miles.
Camp Pinal, disused 115 Camp Verde 298
Camp Apache 222 Fort Cummings, N. M. 219
Camp Bowie 165 Fort Whipple, (Prescott) 259
Camp Colorado, disused 349 Fort Yuma, Cal 275
Camp Crittenden, ” 51 Ehrenberg 303
Date Creek, ” 199 Guaymas, Mexico 351
Camp Goodwin, ” 150 La Libertad ” 225
Camp Grant 52 Maricopa Wells 98
Canip McDowell 143 Lobos, Mexico 214
Camp Mojave 424 San Diego, Cal 467
Camp Reno, disused 176 Tubac 46
Camp Toll-Gate ” 208
Tucson to Camp Goodwin, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Forks of Road 14 14 Right fork to Camps Crittenden and Wallen.
Cienega (begins) 8 23 Water and wood plenty; grass scarce. Picket post.
Mescal Ranch 6 29
Cienega (ends) 30
Water Hole 8 38 Water in winter; grass plenty;wood scarce. Road forks to left to Tres Alamos.
1Crossing San Pedro 12 50 Water and grass; wood scarce. Picket post.
Forks of Road to Dragoon Springs 11 62 Water plenty at spring; grass and wood plenty. Right fork to Dragoon Springs, five miles distant.
Forks of Road to Camp Bowie 3 65 Grass plenty; wood scarce; no water. Right fork to Camp Bowie.
Croton Springs 13 78 Water brackish; grass plenty; wood scarce.
Oak Grove 16 94 Springs: grass and wood plenty.
Kennedy’s Wells 3 97 Water poor; grass and wood plenty.
2Arivapa Creek 15 113 Water, except in very dry season;grass and wood plenty.
Eureka Springs 1 114 Grass; wood scarce.
Spring 8 122
3Cottonwoods 8 131 Stream of water; grass and wood plenty. Road hilly.
Camp Goodwin 9 140 Road sandy and down hill.
Tucson to Camp Bowie, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Fork to Camp Goodwin 65 65 Left fork to Camp Goodwin.
1Junction of Road from Camp Crittenden 3 68
Sulphur Springs 12 80 Water brackish; grass and wood scarce.
Camp Bowie 24 105
The grasses in Arizona nearly all come up from the root, unlike those of California, which grow from the seed. Therefore, in Arizona, if there should be a year without rain, stock would not die of starvation. The nutritious gramma grass does not appear to run to seed at all.
Tucson to Camp Crittenden, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Forks of Road 14 14 Left fork to Camp Bowie.
Davidson’s Spring 12 26
Camp near Davidson’s Spring 1 28
Mescal Ranch 10 39 Left fork to Camp Wallen, (abandoned) distance twenty and a half miles. Fine country, grazing, water, and timber in abundance.
Road to Cienegas 1 40
Junction of road from Wallen 7 48
Camp Crittenden 2 50
Tucson (via Tubac) to Camp Crittenden.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
San Xavier del Bac 8 8 Settlement of Papagos Indians. Old mission church.
La Punta de Agua 2 11 Ranch.
Saurita 9 20 Ranch.
1Canoé 12 32 No water in dry season; grass and wood plenty.
Tubac 13 45 Town. Point of departure for Sopori, Arivaca, Toltec Camps, Aztec District, for Santa Rita Mountains, etc.
Calabasas 12 58 Old Fort Mason.
2Smith’s Ranch 3 61
Sonoita 12 74 Vail’s Ranch.
Old Fort Buchanan 12 86 Water, grass, and wood plenty.
Camp Crittenden 1 87
Camp Crittenden to Camp Bowie, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Forks of Road 1 1 Left fork to Tucson.
Forks of Road 13 14 Right fork to Santa Cruz.
Camp Wallen(abandoned) 5 20 On Babacomori Creek.
1San Pedro Crossing 18 38 Station.
Dragoon Springs 18 56 Water, grass, and wood.
2Junction with Road 3 60 Road from Tucson.
Sulphur Springs 12 72 Water brackish; grass and wood scarce.
Camp Bowie 25 98
Camp Bowie to Camp Goodwin, A. T.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
1Forks of Road 6 6 Water usually: good grass. Left fork to Tank, half mile distant.
Water Holes 30 36 Water usually; good grass, near forks, on right side of road.
First Camp on Gila River. 27 63 Water; grass scarce.
Second Camp on Gila River 11 74 Water; grass scarce.
Camp Goodwin 14 88
Tucson, A. T., to Guaymas, Mexico.
[ESTIMATED.]
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Smith’s Ranch 61 61
Los Nogales 5 66 Water and grass; mesquite wood.
Agua Zarca 15 81
La Casita 14 96
Los Alisos 8 104
Imuris 11 115
La Magdalena 11 127
Santa Ana 12 139
Bajorito 16 155 Wells and grass; mesquite wood.
Rancho Querobabi 23 178 Tanks and grass; mesquite wood.
Rancho Tabique 28 206
Hacienda de Torreon 26 232 Water; grass scarce; mesquite wood.
Hacienda de La Labor 2 234
Hacienda del Alamito 9 243 Water; grass plenty; mesquite wood.
Hermosillo 12 255 Water; no grass; mesquite wood.
Rancho de la Parza 16 271
Rancho de la Palma 16 288 Tank; grass scarce; mesquite wood.
Rancho del Posito 8 296
Rancho de lo Cienequito 15 312
Rancho de la Mucho Buéno 19 331 No water; grass plenty; mesquite wood.
Rancho de la Caballo 9 340 Tank; grass plenty; mesquite wood.
Guaymas 11 351
The road from Tucson to Guaymas, except 15 miles south of Calabasas, where it is heavy in wet weather, is one of the finest on the Pacific coast.
Tucson, A. T., to Port La Libertad, Mexico.
To Miles. Miles. Description.
San Xavier del Bac 8 8 Settlement of Papago Indians.
La Punta de Agua 2 11 Ranch.
Sahuarito, (Columbus) 8 19 Water, grass and wood. Good road.
Roade’s Ranch 8 28
Los Taraises 2 31
Reventon, (Kitchen’s Ranch) 2 34
Soporio Rancho 5 39
Mina Colorado 11 51
Arivaca 7 58
Los Alamos (Old Arivaca) 1 59
Covodepe Cuesta (Mexico) 6 65
Spring in bed of Arroyo 5 70 Water scarce; wood. Good road.
Z’Azabe 8 79 Water, grass and wood. Good road.
Charco de los Mesquites 6 86 No water.
Tecalote Trail 86
Charco 4 90 Water, grass and wood.
Rancheria 2 92 Good grass.
Forks of Road 1 93
Forks of Road 93
Ascent to Mesa 1 94
Tinaja, (Charco) 6 101 Water, grass and wood.
Los Paredones 15 116 Water, grass and wood. Good road.
Jesus Maria 14 130 Water and wood; grass scarce. Good road.
Altar 8 139 Water and wood; grass scarce. Good road.
Dry Arroyo 4 143 Good road.
Road to Zepedas Ranch 6 149 Good road.
Foot of Hill 2 151 Good hard road.
Summit of Hill 1 152
Pitiquito 1 153 Water, grass and wood. Good hard road.
Cienega and Caborca Road 7 161 Good hard road.
Laguna Mosca 5 166 No water in dry season; good grass, good hard road.
Bajia de Aquituna 6 172 Wood and grass; no water. Good level road.
El Zanjon (dry arroyo) 2 175 Wood and grass. Good road.
Tinaje del Viejo 7 182 Water.
Angostura Pass 7 190 Water, grass and wood. Good hard road.
Picu 11 201 Water, grass and wood. Good hard road.
Pozo de los Cristolas 201
Charco de los Papagos 1 202
Tinaja del Tule 4 206 Very little water or grass.
Derisadero Prieto 4 211 Wood; no grass. Good hard road.
Point where Gulf is first seen 1 212
Port of la Libertad 13 226 Bad road.
Heavy blankets are a necessity in Arizona; the nights are always cool, even in the height of the “heated term.” Woolen undergarments are desirable at all times.
Fort Wingate, N. M., to Prescott, A. T., via Camp Verde, A. T.
Miles Yards Miles Yards Description.
Ft. Wingate, Spring Cr’k Crossing 2 1010 2 1010 Crossed by bridge, water plenty, wood on hills.
Spring 7 738 9 1748 Spring close to road on south side, at base rocky bluff, water bad, wood plenty, and good grazing, road sandy for short distance.
Bridge over Defiance road 3 496 13 484 Bridge across Rio Puerco of the West; water good and grass plenty.
Camp on Rio Puerco 3 525 16 1009 Water muddy, plenty wood, good grass.
Quirina Cañon 19 323 35 1332 Rio Puerco almost washing away the road.Bluffs on left bank very steep and abrupt.
Camp on Rio Puerco 5 442 41 14 Camp a short distance off road.
Crossing of Rio Puerco 12 659 53 673 Half a mile east of the crossing, a road leads off to the left, bed of river, quicksand, crossing fair, road good.
2d Crossing of Rio Puerco 1 540 54 1213 Here we were unable to effect a crossing,owing to recent freshet washing away the banks, leaving them 20 feet high and abrupt; left road and crossed country keeping from one to two miles from right bank of river. Road between crossings is sandy. The route on north side of Puerco is shortest. Distance to Carrizo Creek about 11 miles. Water in Rio Puerco, between those points, not permanent.
Camp on Rio Puerco 7 1345 62 798 Heavy traveling, water muddy, grass ordinarily good, greasewood abundant.
Road 13 834 75 1632 Traveling a little heavy; crossed some sandy Arroyos before getting on road,water in Rio Puerco.
Camp on Carrizo Creek 5 31 80 1663 Water obtained by digging, wood scarce,road and grass good.
Lithodendron Creek 13 1666 94 1569 A wide sandy bed, no water, crossing in dry weather good, but very difficult when there is water, quicksands, road good, a steep hill on east side. South of the crossing, the Rio Puerco becomes a wide, dry, sandy bed.
Camp on Little Colorado River 16 1216 111 1025 Water and grass abundant and good, plenty of wood, road good. About five miles up the Puerco, water was found in holes.
Camp on Little Colorado River 19 1020 131 285 Half a mile from road to river, plenty wood and water, grass good, road good.
Camp at Sunset Crossing Little Colorado River 14 493 145 778 Plenty wood and water, no grass near crossing, road good to Cottonwood Fork,which empties into the Little Colorado. near Sunset Crossing. Cottonwood> Fork has a delta, and in time of freshet overflows the valley for several miles, rendering it impassable. Sunset Crossing is not passable in time of melting snows without the aid of a raft.
Camp at Sunset Pass, on Big Dry Fork 18 669 163 1447 Road gradually up grade, but good traveling, permanent water in tanks in bed of creek for about four miles, in cañon plenty wood, water, and grass.
Camp on a lake of snow water 21 42 184 1489 Four miles from Camp on Big Dry Fork, the road runs through thick cedar to Jarvis Pass, which is 14 miles from Sunset Pass. Road good to Jarvis Pass, thence stony; plenty of cedar on lake.
Simpkins’ Spring 7 1681 192 411 Spring 100 yards north of road, (trees blazed) good water, grass ordinarily good, thick heavy pine, road stony and up grade.
Stoneman’s Lake 10 859 203 510 Is about 4½ miles in circumference, circular, an abundance of permanent water. Lake inclosed by bluffs about 400 feet high, thick heavy pine, good grass, very difficult to get water. The road leads through the Mogollon Mountains from Simpkins’ Spring to Stoneman’s Lake. In the spring of the year, the road through the mountains is perfectly saturated with water, very miry, and impassable for heavy-loaded wagons. Pine timber is thick and heavy on mountains.
Bartlet’s Tank 7 666 210 1173 Tank 400 yards north of road. Four miles from Stoneman’s Lake, the road leads through thick cedar, and becomes very rocky. Two and a half miles southwest of lake are two small creeks with wood and grass, but no permanent water.
Beaver Creek Crossing 11 272 221 1445 The descent to the creek is very steep and abrupt. At base of hill, a trail leads southward to Camp Verde, which cuts off about 9 miles. Road up to this point leads through thick cedar, and is very rocky, thence good. Beaver Creek is a large stream of permanent water, rocky bed, banks low, crossing good, grass fair, plenty wood.
Rio Verde. 12 1121 234 806 Road good for 10 miles, thence hilly to crossing. Rio Verde 80 feet wide, gravel bed, good water, banks low, crossing good, scattered cottonwood on banks. A road leads up the left bank to the Indian Reservation. On right bank, a right-hand road direct to Prescott.
Camp Verde 6 1673 241 719 Road good.
Wild Cherry Creek 12 1412 254 371 Returned on road 4 miles, thence over foothills of Verde Mountains for 5 miles, thence ascend and descend mountains to Wild Cherry Creek. The ascent is very steep, but gradual; the descent is more abrupt; road in good order. Wild Cherry Creek is a running stream of permanent water. Timber and grass abundant.
Gayetty’s Ranch 3 257 371 Ranch and station on left of road.
Ash Creek 6 233 263 604 Permanent water in holes south of crossing, banks low, rocky bed, crossing good, plenty wood and grass, road a little hilly. Three miles east is the junction of Grief Hill Road.
1st Crossing of Lynx Creek 7 1345 271 189 Ranch at crossing, creek dry, water in well, good grass, wood at ranch.
2d Crossing of Lynx Creek 8 1002 279 1191 Permanent water, ranch on west bank, scattered cottonwood, good grass, low banks, rocky bed, good crossing. Steep hill on either side.
Ft. Whipple 6 155 285 1346 On right bank of Granite Creek, road hilly.
Roads and Distances from the Colorado River (en route from Utah) South to Prescott.
No. 1. From Colorado Crossing, via Truxton Springs.
To Miles. Total Miles. Altitude. Description.
Tinnahkah Springs 21 21 4080.0 Small springs; bunch-grass; wood.
Attoovah (or Cañon) Springs 14 35 Spring in cañon; bunch-grass; cedar trees.
New Creek of Ives, or Pahroach Springs 14 49 Good camping-grounds; plenty wood, water and grass.
Truxton Springs 16 65 3885.5 Bunch-grass through sagebrush; water and wood.
Old Camp Willow Grove 25 90 Wood, water and grass;
Fort Rock 15 105 Good water; no grass; little wood.
Oaks and Willows 27 132 Water, wood and grass.
Old Camp Hualapais 9 141 5321.9 Good water and grass; plenty wood.
Toll-gate in Williamson’s Valley 16 157 Water and wood; little grass.
Prescott 23 180 5318.0 Water and grass.
Roads and Distances from the Colorado River South to Prescott.
No. II. From Mouth of Rio Virgen, via Virgin and Beale’s Springs.
To Miles. Total Miles. Altitude. Description.
Mountain Spring 41 41 5500.8 Water alkaline; little bunch-grass; wood.
Chloride City 14 55 Water brackish; little grass.
Mineral Park 7 62 Water alkaline; wood and grass at small distance from town.
Cerbat 6 68 Water and wood; very little grass.
Beale’s Springs 9 77 Water and wood; grass some distance from camp.
Hualapais Springs 16 93 Good water, wood and grass.
Old Camp Willow Grove (Cottonwood) 20 113 4170.0 Good water, wood and grass.
Fort Rock 15 128 Good water; no grass; little wood.
Camp Hualapais 36 164 5321.9 Good water, wood and grass.
Toll-gate 16 180 Good water and wood; little grass.
Prescott 23 203 5318.0 Good water and grass.
No III. From Moqui-Pueblos Trail, via Mouth of Paria Creek.
To Miles. Total Miles. Altitude. Description.
Moen-copie Creek 11 11 4984.1 From map; distance probably too small.
Colorado Chiquito 12 23 From map; distance probably too small.
Cascades 58 81 From map; water alkaline; wood; grass scarce on lava débris a few miles south of river.
Wagon road 11 92 Plenty of wood and grass.
Cosnino Tanks 4 96 6244.1 Wood and excellent grass; water said to exist in tanks all the year.
Antelope Springs 24 120 8065.1 Good grass and wood anywhere.
Volunteer Spring 11 133 7106.4 Good wood, water and grass.
Spring south of Bill Williams’ Mountain 27 160 5526.6 Good wood, water and grass.
Rattlesnake Cañon 15 175 4600.0 Wood scarce; good water; bunch-grass.
Postal’s Ranch 14 189 Good water; wood and grass poor.
Prescott 22 211 5318.0 Plenty water and wood.
Road from Virgin to Mountain Spring generally good.
From Moqui-Pueblos trail to Cascades and from Cosnino Tanks distances were taken from map, and for road distances (though correction was made) are probably too small.
The trail used from Cascades on Colorado Chiquito to wagon road is perfectly practicable for wagon; hence good mail-road to Prescott.
Good camping ground at crossing of Muddy Cañon, between Fort Rock and Oaks and Willows.
Road from Mineral Park good.
Road from Cerbat sandy.
Road from Beale’s Spring good; abandoned military post.
Road from Cottonwoods good. Mineral Park and Cerbat are both situated about one mile east of road from Chloride City to Beale’s Spring.
To Navajo Springs, good made road round springs; excellent to Limestone Pockets and beyond, till it passes divide, when it becomes sandy.
From Navajo Springs to Moqui-Pueblos trail, good road, following arroyo.
Camp Wallen, (abandoned) A. T., to Guaymas, Mexico.
[ESTIMATED.]
To Miles. Miles. Description.
Camp Wallen Babocomori Ranch and Settlement.
Mescal Ranch 9 9 Water, grass and wood plenty.
San Rafael 8 27 Water and grass plenty; no wood.
Santa Cruz 8 35 Town; no wood.
San Lazaro 9 41 Water, grass and wood plenty.
Spring of water 12 56
Cocospera 2 58
Mouth of Cañon 6 64
Babasaqui 12 76 Ranch.
Imeritz 3 79 Town.
Ternate 6 85 Flour mill. Water, grass and wood plenty.
La Magdalena 9 94 Town.
Guaymas 223 317
Tucson
To Miles.
Yuma (W by N) 300
Florence (N) 63
Silver City (E) 118
Globe City (N) 138
San Carlos (N by E) 175
Phœnix (N by W) 125
Copper Mines, Young America, etc. (W) 50
Maricopa Wells, (direct N by W) 98
Tubac (S) 46
Tumacacori (S) 49
Sonora line (S) 75
Cabasas (S)
Arivaca (S by W)
Hacienda del Santa Rita, Tyndall (S by E) 59
Salero House, Santa Rita (S by E) 60
Toltec C’mp, Aztec dist (S by E) 65
Sonoita, mill-sites, (S by E) 70
Oro Blanco, Ostrich mine, etc. (SW) 85
Tres Alamos (E) 50
Davidson Spring (SE)
Old Camp Crittenden (SE)
Babocomori Ranch, Camp Wallen (SE)
Pategonia Mt’ns, Mowry Mine (SE) 85
Camp Hauchachi, near Old Presido, San Pedro (SE)
Pueblo Viejo (NE) 150
San Carlos (NE) 160
Tucson to Camp Crittenden (east slope of Santa Rita Range) via Davidson’s.
Miles. Total Miles.
Forks of Road (left fork to Bowie) 14
Davidson’s Spring 12 26
Mescal Ranch (left fork to Camp Wallen and Babocomori) 13 39
Road to Cienega 2 41
Camp Crittenden 9 50
The Same, via Tubac.
Miles. Total Miles.
Tucson to San Xavier del Bac (Papago Indian Reservation) 9
La Punta de Aqua Ranch 2 11
Saurita Ranch 9 20
Canoé (no water in dry season, grass and wood abundant) 12 32
Tubac 13 45
Calabasas 13 58
Smith’s Ranch (main road to Sonora; left fork to Crittenden) 3 61
Sonoita (Aztec and Tubac mill-sites, ranch, and saw-mill) 13 74
Camp Crittenden 13 87
Prescott
To Miles.
Nephi, Utah, U. South’n R. R. (N) 500
Fort Wingate, N. M. (E) 286
Present Terminus of Denver & Rio Grande N. G. R. R. (E) 540
Clifton, Longfellow Copper Mines, via Mogollon Plateau (E). Estimated 320
Wickenburg (S) 82
Phœnix (S by E) 142
Florence (S by E) 192
Tucson (S by E) 267
Tubac (S by E) 313
Camp Bowie (E by S) 392
Ebrenberg (SW) 213
Silver King (E of S) 190
Chino Valley (N) 22
Aqua Fria Valley (E) 15
Camp Verde (E) 42
Montezuma Wells (N of E) 55
San Francisco Mt’n (NE) 85
” ” Forest (NE) 65
Black Cañon (SE) 52
Alexandria, Peck Mill (S) 7
Mill on the Hassayampa (S) 10
Walnut Grove, mill, etc. (S) 17
Colorado Chiquito, Sunset Crossing, (N of E) 132
Moqui Pueblos (N of E). Est’d 180
Stoneman’s Lake (N of E) 73
Wickenburg
To Miles.
Vulture Mills (N) 1
Smith’s (S) 15
Vulture Mine (SE) 11
Aqua Fria (S) 43
Lambley’s (S) 8
Cave Creek Mines (N by E) 40
Camp McDowell (SE) 95
From Tubac.
(Principal point in the Santa Cruz Valley, Santa Rita mining region.)
To Miles. Total Miles.
Tucson 46
Tumacacori Mission (King’s) 3 3
Old Hacienda del Santa Rita 9 12
Toltec Camp, Aztec District 9 12
Sonoita, Aztec and Tubac Mill-sites 5½ 17½
” , via Smith’s Ranch 29
San Xavier del Bac 36
Reventon Ranch 6
Sopori 10
Arivaca 17
Calabasas 15
Cerro—Colorado District 22
Patagonia Mountains (Mowry Mines) 48
Fresnal 65
Ajo Copper Mines 135
Aliza Pass (Baboquivera Peak). Estimated 30
Canabi (Old Papago Country) ” 60
Papago Ranch (Sonora) 90
” ” (A. T.) by way of the Mexican Papago Ranch 113
Cayote Springs 45
Cuijota 72
Cholla 90
Saguarza 96
Santa Rosa 75
Pirigua 92
Sonoita (Sonora, by way of Old Papago Ranch) 160
St. Domingo (on Sonora line) 175
Camp Crittenden 42
” Wallen (Babocomori Ranch) 63
Camp Bowie (via Camp Crittenden) 139
Florence (via Tucson) 108
Yuma (via Tucson) 345
San Francisco (via Yuma, Stage & S. P. R. R.) 1,065
Phœnix (via Florence) 157
Wickenburg (via Phœnix) 222
Ehrenberg (via Wickenburg) 349
El Paso, Texas, (via Tucson) 445
Mesilla, New Mexico, (via Tucson) 394
St. Louis (via N. M. Stage and Ks. R. Rds.) 1,778
Austin, Texas, (via El Paso) 1,095
Mexican towns (via Santa Cruz Valley):
Magdalena 51
Santa Cruz 54
Altar 95
Hermosillo 229
Lobos 309
Guaymas1 229
Ehrenberg to
Miles.
Wickenberg (E) 131
Prescott (E) 82
Mineral Park, Mojave County.
To Miles.
Hardyville, Colorado River (S by W) 35
Cerbat, village (S) 6
McCracken Mine, Owen Dist. (S.) 100
Greenwood, mills, village, etc. (E of S) 100
Hackberry Mine (E) 35
Haulapai Mt’ns (SE) 80
” Camp (E) 103
Williamson’s Valley (E) 121
Prescott (S. E) 141
Phœnix
To Miles.
Wickenburg (N) 60
Florence (S) 50
Maricopa Wells (SW) 35
Camp McDowell (E) 35
East Phœnix (E) 4
Ruins, north of river (E) 4
Hayden (E by S) 9
Ruins, near La Tempe (E by S) 16
House’s Well (S) 20
Marysville (E) 18
Mount McDowell (E by N) 20
Placers, Superstition Mt’ns (E by S) 40
Florence
To Miles.
Silver King, mine and mills, Pioneer Dist. (NE) 35
Globe City (G. D.) Pinal Mt’ns (NE) 75
Wheatfield, mines and furnaces (NE) 87
Stonewall Jackson, McMillen’s Camp (NE) 93
San Carlos (NE) 115
Sanford (W) 6
Casa Grande (SW) 12
Adamsville (W) 5
Pima Villages (W) 34
Maricopa Villages (W by N) 42
Maricopa Wells 46
Tucson (SW) 63
Phœnix (NW) 50
Wickenburg (NW) 110
Prescott (NW) 192
Mineral Park (NW) 333
Yuma (W) 237
Tucson (S) 163
Prescott (NW) 192
Camp Grant (E) 50
Silver City, N. M. (E) 288
Railroad and Stage to Prescott.
The cheaper route to Prescott is from San Francisco via Dos Palmas, (160 miles east of Los Angeles) and stage thence through or via Ehrenburg—Dos Palmas to Prescott being about 200 miles.
Express trains leave San Francisco daily at 4 P. M.—arrive at Dos Palmas 2:10 A. M. second night.
Third class trains leave San Francisco daily at 4:30 P. M.—arrive at Dos Palmas at 2:10 P. M. third night.
Stage leaves Dos Palmas immediately after arrival of the train, every other night.
There are two rates of fare to Prescott via Dos Palmas and Ehrenburg. First class, $78.10; third class, $67.10, coin.
The most comfortable, but more expensive route, is via rail to Yuma River steamer to Ehrenburg, and stage thence to Prescott. But this connection depends upon the running of the steamer up the river from Yuma, of which the departures are irregular. Trains leave San Francisco: first class, at 4 P. M.—arrive at Yuma second morning at 8:30 A. M.; third class, at 4:30 P. M.—arrive at Yuma third morning at 8:30 A. M.
Fare from San Francisco to Yuma: first class, $45; third class, $34.
Yuma to Ehrenburg: cabin, $15; deck, $10. Ehrenburg to Prescott, $33.
Through tickets are not issued by this route.
A daily stage connection is made from Yuma via Phœnix, by which route through tickets are sold from San Francisco to Prescott, at first class rates, $117; third class being $106.
Miscellaneous Distances.
Miles.
Colton (S. P. R. R.) Cal., to Fort Mojave, A. T. 135
San Francisco to Yuma (S. P. R. R.) 720
St. Louis to Prescott (estimated) 1,500
St. Louis to Tucson (estimated) 1,500
St. Louis to Florence (estimated) 1,500
Fort Defiance to Prescott (estimated) 240
Papagoria Distances.
[ESTIMATED]
Santa Rosa to Cojéta 12
Cojéta to the Gila (Pima Villages) 50
Pirigua to the Gila (Cotterell’s Station) 55
Pirigua to the Sonora line 40
Pirigua to the Saucita (north) 25
Ajo Copper Mines to the Gila (Burke’s) 45
Ajo Copper Mines to the Gila (Mohawk Station) 50
Sonora line, via the Cabezo Prieta, to the Gila 70
Sonora line, via the Tinajaalta, to Yuma 110
Local Distances in Yavapai County
Prescott to Chino Valley 20
” ” Agua Fria Valley 18
” ” Alexandra 40
” ” San Francisco Mountain 85
” ” Walnut Grove. 25
” ” Tiger Lode and Mine 40
” ” Black Cañon 60
Azltan Mill to Black Cañon 75
Peck Mine to ” 100
Walnut Grove to Tiger Lode 20
” ” Peck Mine 30
Camp Verde to Beaver Creek 12
” ” Hassayampa 10
Clifton to Longfellow Copper Mine 7
” ” Silver City, N. M. 80
” ” Coronado, ” 10
Local Distances in Mojave County
Summit Springs to Aubrey 50
Mineral Mine to The Needles 45
McCracken Mine to Aubrey (via Planet Mine) 30
McCracken Mine to Parker 50
Signal to McCracken Mine 8
Signal to Greenwood 4
Colorado River Distances.
Miles. Total Miles.
Point Isabel (Gulf of California) to Yuma 175
Yuma to Castle Dome Landing 35 210
” Ehrenberg 125 335
” William’s Fork 214 424
” Mojave Cañon 232 442
” Aubrey 220 395
” Chemchuevis Landing 240 405
” Mojave 300 465
” Hardyville 312 477
” Cottonwood Island 342 507
” Callville 402 567
” Stone’s Ferry 465 640
Local Distances in Pinal County.
Florence to Picket Post 25
Globe City to Pinal Creek 18
Local Distances in Pima County.
Tucson to Arivipa Cañon (N. E.) 120
Tucson to Picacho Mine (W.) 75
The famous Turquoise Mine is in New Mexico, near the Arizona line. It comprises two enormous open quarries, perhaps 200 feet in depth at the deepest point, and covering an area of several acres. They must have been produced with great labor, since there are no traces anywhere of the use of tools or gunpowder. Tradition refers these workings to a period of greater antiquity than the Spanish occupation, and declares them to have been executed by the Aztec inhabitants of the regions who preceded the present Indian races. Stone hammers have been found in these quarries, but no tools of any metal. The trachyte is seamed and fissured throughout, at small intervals, and in every direction; and there is no reason to doubt that hammers, wedges, and levers would be quite sufficient to remove the solid masses. The turquoise occurs fully in the fissures, in the form of narrow seams and plates, rarely or never exceeding the fraction of an inch in thickness. The majority of the seams now exposed show the impure green variety, which is worthless. The Pueblo Indians, like civilized people, value the light-blue turquoise only.
Stage arrives at Florence every morning at 7 A. M. from Tucson, and leaves half an hour later for Yuma; stage from Yuma arrives every evening at 6 P. M., and leaves for Tucson half an hour later. Stage to Globe City leaves every Tuesday at 8 A. M., and arrives at 8 P. M. Saturday. Phœnix and Prescott stages leave every other day at 7 A. M., and arrive alternate days at 12 midnight. Stage for Silver King leaves every Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 7 A. M., and arrives every Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday at 4 P. M.
The military-geographical surveys, up to the fall of 1876, under Lieut. Wheeler, in central and western Arizona, have covered a total area of 17,954.6 square miles, or 11,490,944 acres. Of this total, it is estimated that 25 per cent., or 4,488 square miles, being 2,875,238 acres, are fit for agricultural purposes, mostly requiring irrigation. The timber is set down at 10 per cent., or 1,149,094 acres. For grazing, the estimate is 30 per cent., and as barren, 35 per cent. The total available land in the area surveyed is thus set down at 65 per cent., being 11,670.6 square miles, or 7,469,114 acres.