Part 2 — INDEX

Abana, 214 Abbi-Teshub, makes treaty with Mursil, 80 Abdi-Hepa, vassal of Amenophis IV, 76 Abi-Adda, 80 Abraham, sojourn in Egypt, 35; purchase of the cave of Machpelah, 76; home in Mesopotamia, 112; sacrifice of Isaac, 172 Abraham, Babylonian account of farmer of this name, 108, 290 “Absalom’s Pillar,” 183 Abu Haba, Turkish exploration of, 46 Abu Shusheh (Gezer), 93 Abydos, chief town of This, 25 Acts, archæological light on the book of, 438 Adab (Bismya), 47, 57 Adad-nirari III, King of Assyria, 53 Adad-nirari IV, inscription regarding Syria and Palestine, 61, 365 Adam, Biblical account of, 289; Babylonian forms of the name, 266 Adapa and the fall of man, legend of, 260 Adime, 266 “Admonitions of Ipuwer, The,” 28 Adzes, 153 Ælia Capitolina, 122, 212 Africanus, Julius Sextus, Chronigraphiai of, 21 Agade (Sippar), 54, 57, 266 Agricultural implements, 134; calendar, 138 Agriculture, 134 Ahab, in confederacy against Shalmaneser III, 61; palace of, 100; pays tribute to Tiglathpileser IV, 369 Ahaz, vassal to Tiglath-pileser IV, 62; altar of, 198 Ahmose I, siege of Sharuhen, 110 Ain es-Sultan (Elisha’s Fountain), 98 Ain Kades, 95 Ain Shems (Beth-shemesh), 94 Ain Sitti Miriam, see Gihon. Akkad, derivation of, 58 Akra, 203 Alaparos, 271 Alexander Jannæus, 120, 201, 205 Alexander the Great, empire of, 33; conquests of, 66; death of, 119 Alexandra, Asmonæan queen, 120 Alorus, 271 Altar of incense, 173 Amanus, source of cedar, 58, 358 Amēlon, 271 Amelu, 267, 271 Amempsinos, 271 Amenemhet I, 76 Amenemhet III, 28 Amenophis I, 23, 110 Amenophis III, 60, 304 Amenophis III and IV, 29 American Exploration Society, 86 American Palestine Exploration Society, 86 American School of Oriental Research in Palestine, 99 American School of Classical Studies at Athens, 221 Amil-Marduk (Evil-Merodach), 66; inscription of, 381 Amman, 218 Ammenon, 271 Ammienshi, Amorite chieftain, 108, 109 Ammi-zadugga, reign of, 53 Amorites, conquests of the, 107 Amosis I, 29 Amosis II, 32 Anderson, H. J., explorations in Palestine, 86 Anderson, J. G. C., inscription discovered at Antioch, 436 Andrae, W., exploration at Kalah-Sherghat, 47; inscription of Tukulti-Ninib, 52 Animals, representative of Egyptian tribes, 24; domestic, 138 Anklets, 157 Antigonus, 120, 205 Antiochus III, 130 Antiochus IV, 203 Antipas, 121 Antiquities, preservation of Egyptian, 19; of Babylonian, 41 Antonia, fortress, 205 Anu, 260 Anubanini, King of Lulubi, 57 Apollophanes, tomb of, 183 Arad-Sin, King of Larsa, 58 Aramæans, migration of, 113 Arandas, successor of Subbiluliuma, 79 Araunah the Jebusite, 168 Archæological Institute of America, 99 Archelaus, 121 Areopagus, 220 Aretas, see Haretat IV. Arioch, identified with Arad-Sin and Rim-Sin, 58 Aripi, 266 Aristobulus I and II, 120 Arnuanta, successor of Dudkhalia, 81 Arpad, overthrow of, 371 Arrows, 153 Artatama I, King of the Mitanni, 77; alliance with Thothmes IV, 77 Artatama II, King of the Harri, 78 Artaxerxes, inscriptions of, 48 Artaxerxes III, Jews rebel against, 66 Asarjik, Hittite remains at, 70 Asenath, wife of Joseph, 33 Asherim, at Tell es-Safi, 169 Ashmolean Museum, 19 Ashteroth-Karnaim, 215 Ashtoreth, figures of, at Taanach, 173 Ashur, 47, 60 Ashurbanipal, succeeds Esarhaddon, 64; his account of his campaign against Tyre, 378; proverbs from library of, 407 Ashur-dan, 52 Ashur-nasirpal II, records of, referred to, 60; military exploits of, 61; advance toward Hebrew territory, 360 Ashur-rim-nishishu, King of Assyria, 53, 60 Ashur-uballit, King of Assyria, 60 Asia, churches of, 221 Asmonæan coins, 164 Asmonæans, 120 Assumptionist Fathers, excavations at Jerusalem, 101; collection of flint implements, 103 Assurbanipal, invasion of Egypt, 31 Assyria, wars with Egypt, 31; the land, 40; explorations in, 47; relations to Babylonia, 59; early period of, 60; second period of, 61 Atbara, 18 Athenæ Polias, temple of, 225 Athens, 219 Aton, Egyptian hymn in praise of, 403 Atys, worship of, 226 Augustus, temple to, at Samaria, 178 Awls, 152 Axes, 152 Azariah (Uzziah), 367 Azekah, excavation at, 90 Aziru, Amorite king, 79, 113, 304 Babylon, capture of, 383 Babylonia, the land, 40; exploration by Harper and Banks, 47; historical periods, 55; early period, 59; Persian period, 66; psalms from, 398; proverbs from, 407 Babylonian column, 50 Babylonian creation epic, 235, 247; account of the flood, 273 Babylonian exile, 65; termination of, 118 Bacchides, Syrian general, 124 Bactria, secedes from the empire of the Seleucidæ, 67 Bagoses, general of Artaxerxes III, 66 Baking-trays, 150 Balata, 102 Ball, C. J., decipherment of Hittite inscriptions, 71 Banks, Edgar J., exploration in Babylonia, 47 Barada, 214 Bar Chocaba, 121 Baris, castle of, 204 Barsalnunna, 267 Baskets, 153 Bath, 158 Beads, 156 Beautiful gate, 210 Bees, 139 Behistun inscription of Darius I, 50 Beit Jibrin, caves at, 106 Bel (Enlil), god of Nippur, 55; Babylonian hymn to, 401 Belshazzar, son of Nabuna’id, 382 Ben-Hadad in league with Ahab, 61 Benjamin of Tudela, explorations of, 42 Beqa, 161 Bergama, 224 Berossos, list of Babylonian kings, 54; Babylonian priest, 247; list of kings, 270 Bethesda, Pool of, 210 Beth-Ninib (Beth-shemesh), 95 Beth-shemesh, excavations at, 94; capture of, 117; walls of, 125; gates of, 129; burial caves at, 180 Bezetha, hill, 212 Birds, 139 “Bishop Gobat’s School,” 191 Bismya (Adab), mound of, 47; Luguldaudu, King of, 57 Blanche-Garde, fortress of the Crusaders, 91 Bliss, Frederick J., excavations at Lachish, 89 Boghaz Koi, excavations at, 69; Hittite kingdom at, 77; the “Hittite City,” 78 Bor (Tyan), 82 Bork, Ferdinand, studies in the Mitanni language, 73 Botta, Paul Emil, exploration of Nineveh, 43 Bowls, 150 Bracelets, 156 Breasted, Henry James, accession of Mena, 23; Ancient Records, Egypt, 76, 352 British Museum, trustees direct excavation at Carchemish, 70 Bruce, James, 20 Brugsch, H., History of Egypt, 76; inscription at Elephantine, 305 Brünnow, R., studies in the Mitanni language, 71; explorations in Edom, 88 Bubastis, capital of Shishak dynasty, 31 Bulghar-Maden, Hittite remains at, 70 Burckhardt, J. L., explorations in Palestine, 85 Burial customs, 180 Burnaburiash, 60 Burnouf, Eugène, 50 Butler, H. C., explorations in Syria, 102, note; excavations at Sardis, 228 Cab, 158 Cain, list of descendants, 269 Cairo, 17, 19 Calah, made capital of Assyria, 60 Calendar, 138 Calvary, site of, 211 Cambyses, son of Cyrus, 32; extends power of Persia, 66 Canaanites, migration of the, 109 Capernaum, identification of, 98 Caphtor, home of the Philistines, 115, 116 Captivity, Babylonian, 65 Carchemish, excavations at, 70; alliance with Assyria, 81 Carthaginian law regarding sacrifices, 342 Cataracts of the Nile, 18 Cave-dwellers, 142, 187 Caves of the stone age, 104 Chaldæan Empire, 65 Champollion, Jean François (Le Jeune), 21, 22 Chaplin, Thomas, description of weight from Samaria, 160 Charles, B. B., explorations in Asia Minor, 70; Travels and Studies in the Nearer East, 73 Châteaubriand, explorations in Palestine, 85 Chedorlaomer, 295 Cheops, 25 Child sacrifice, 172 Chisels, 152 Chosroes II, captures Jerusalem, 122 Christian Nubians, 39 Church of the Holy Sepulcher, 211 Churches of Asia, 221 Cistern burial, 180 Cities, topography of Palestinian, 123; situated near springs, 186 City gates, 129 Clark, Herbert, 160 Clay, A. T., Babylonian Texts from the Yale Collection, 384 Clermont-Ganneau, explorations in Palestine, 88, 89, 198; Moabite Stone, 363 Code of Hammurapi, 313 Coins, 162; Roman, 165 “Columbarium,” 182 Combs, 156 Conder, Lieut.-Col. C. R., The Hittites and Their Language, 72; survey of Palestine, 88 Constantine, interest in holy places, 84, 85, 122 Constantinople, tablets hoarded in, 48 Cor (Homer), 158 Corinth, 220 Corners, considered sacred, 128 Cossæans, see Kassites. Creation, epic of, 235; comparison with first chapter of Genesis, 247; second account of, found at Babylon, 255; compared with second chapter of Genesis, 256 Creation and flood, account of, from Nippur, 278 Cremation, 179 Crœsus, temple of, 223; wealth of, 227; overthrown by Cyrus the Great, 163, 383 Cromlech (heap of stones), 104 Cros, Gaston, explorations of, 45 Crucifixion, site of the, 211 “Cuneiform” characters, origin of, 56 Curtis, Samuel Ives, discovery at Petra, 102 Cybele, worship of, 226; temple of, 228 Cyprus, seal of Sargon found in, 57 Cyrus the Great, founder of Persian empire, 32; conquests of, 66; overthrows Crœsus, 163, 383; captures Sardis, 227; inscription of, 385 Dalman, Gustaf II., explorations in Petra, 88 Damascus, 213, 248, 369 Danaoi, migration of, 115 Daniel, book of, 384 Daonos (Daos), 271 Daphne, 38 Darics, 163 Darius I, rule in Egypt, 32; inscriptions of, 48; extends power of Persia, 66; coinage of, 163 Darius the Mede, 384 David, conquests of, 117, 118; captures Jebus, 188; Tower of, 206 Decapolis, description of, 213 Delitzsch, Friedrich, development of Hittite grammar, 74 Deutscher Palästina-Verein, 96 Dilmun, 283 Dion, 216 Domazewsky, Alfred von, explorations in Edom, 88 Domestic animals, 138 Doorway tombs, 182 Dor, excavations at, 117 Drachma, 165 Drovetti, M., collection of, 22 Dudkhalia, successor of Hattusil II, 81 Dûdu, 304 Dulcimer, 155 Dumuzi, 271 Dung Gate, 202 Dungi, King of Babylonia, 58 Dushratta, a king of Mitanni, 69; two El-Amarna letters from, 71; contemporary with Amenophis IV, 77; death of, 78 “Dynastic tablets,” 52 Ea, 260 Eannatum, King of Lagash, 56 Early Assyrian period, 60 Early Babylonian period, 59 Earth-graves, 181 Ebed-Ashera, Amorite king, 113 Ebed-Hepa, 187; letters of, 345; history of, 349 Ecbatana, visited by Rawlinson, 50 Ecclesiastes, parallel to, 412 Ecclesiasticus, 203 Eclipse at Nineveh, 51 Egypt, the land, 17; history of, 21, 23; division of, 24; Roman period, 33; Hyksos invasion of, 34; period of the Oppression and the Exodus, 35; Jewish colony in, 387; psalms from, 402; parallels to Song of Songs from, 413; social conscience in, 418; wisdom literature of, 421 Elam, invasion of, during reign of Kurigalzu, 59 El-Amarna letters, 35, 60; from Dushratta, 69; Palestinian cities mentioned in, 112; source of information regarding Jerusalem, 187; selections from, 303; from Rib-Adda of Gebal, 344; from Ebed-Hepa of Jerusalem, 345; reflecting conditions in Palestine, 348 Elamites, subjugated by Eannatum, 56; invade Babylonia, 60 Elephantine, papyri discovered at, 37, 387 El-Gib, 130 Elisha’s Fountain, 98 “Eloquent Peasant, The,” 28, 418 El-Wad, 185 Eni-Teshub, King of Carchemish, 81 Enlil, 279; see also Bel. Enmeduranki, King of Sippar, 266, 271 Enmeirgan, 267 Enmenunna, 267 Enoch, identified with Etana, 266 Enosh, 267 En-rogel, 186 Enrolment of Quirinius, 432 Entemena, successor of Eannatum, 57 Enu-ilu, King of Hamath, 82 Ephah, 158 Ephesus, 221 Ephraim, gate of, 202 Epic of creation, text of, 235 Epiphanius, on measures, 158, 159 Epistles, archæological light on the, 440 “Eponym Canon,” 359 “Eponym Lists,” 51 Erech, exploration at, 44, 47; dynasties of, 54; founding of, 55 Eridu, 55, 283 Esarhaddon, invasion of Egypt, 31; succeeds Sennacherib, 64; money in reign of, 163; kings conquered by, 378 Eski Hissar, 230 Etana, 266; identified with Abel, 270 Etruscans, relation to Lydians, 227 Euedorachos, 271 Eumenes I, 224 Euphrates river, 40 Eusebius, Chronicon of, 21; list of Palestinian names, 85, 133 Evil-Merodach (Amil-Marduk), 66; inscription of, 381 Exile, Babylonian, 65; termination of, 382 Eye-paint, 156 Eyuk, Hittite monuments at, 78 Ezekiel, 65 Fahl, 216 Famine, the seven years of, 305 Feast of Marduk and Zarpanit, 258 Feeding-bottles, 150 Fibulæ, 156 Files, 153 Fish Gate, 199 Fish-hooks, 154 Flesh-hooks, 151 Flood, Babylonian account of, 273; comparison with the Biblical account of, 277; second Babylonian account of, 277 Forks, 151 Foundation sacrifices, 128 Fountain Gate, 202 Fraktin, Hittite remains at, 70 Fruits, 136 “Furnaces, Tower of the,” 202 Gadara, 216 Gallio, 439 Galumum, 266 Gate, see descriptive name. Gateways, 129 Gath (Tell es-Safi), 91; walls of, 124 Gebal, excavations at, 117 Gebel Fureidis, 121, 131 Gennath, gate of, 211 Genouillac, H. de, exploration at Ukhaimir, 48 Gerasa, topography of, 123, 216 Gerizim, Mount, 119 Germer-Durand, Père, 159 Gethsemane, Garden of, 137, 210 Gezer, excavations at, 92; caves at, 104; walls of, 109, 124; besieged by Merneptah, 115; captured by the Hebrews, 117; gates of, 129; pottery at, 142, 145; weights found at, 160; sanctuary at, 167; high place of, 169; temple at, 175; tombs at, 179 Giaour-Kalesi, Hittite remains at, 70 Gibeon, water supply of, 130 Gihon, springs at, 87, 186; caves at, 101, 106 Gilgal (menhirs set in a circle), 104; burial in, 180 Gilgamesh, epic, 256 Glassware, 150 Gobryas, 384 Golgotha, site of, 211 Gordon, Gen. C. E., suggestion regarding Golgotha, 211 Granaries, 134 Green, William Henry, 269 Grenfell, B. P., and A. S. Hunt, discovery of Oxyrhynchus papyri, 39, 428 Griffith, F. L., 39 Grinding, 135 Grotefend, Georg Friedrich, interpretation of inscriptions found at Persepolis, 49 Gudea, ruler at Lagash, 58; rebuilds Eninnû, 358 Guérin. H. V., explorations in Palestine, 86 Gurun, Hittite remains at, 70 Guthe, H., excavations in Jerusalem, 96 Gutium, dynasty of, 54; hordes from, overrun Babylonia, 58 Gyges, dynasty of, 163 Habiri, 113, 188, 349 Hadrian, restores Jerusalem under name of Ælia Capitolina, 212 Haggai, assists in rebuilding the temple, 118 Hamadan (Ecbatana), visited by Rawlinson, 50 Hamath, Hittite kingdom at, 81; overthrow of, 371 Hammeah, tower of, 202 Hammers, 153 Hammurapi, laws of, 47; King of Larsa, 53, 58; conqueror of Babylonia, 59; conquest of the “west land,” 108; identified with Amraphel, 294; code of, 313 Hananel, tower of, 202 Hananiah, Passover letter of, 390 Haran, possibly a Hittite capital, 77 Haretat IV, Nabathæan king, 174; besieges Jerusalem, 205; inscription regarding, 442 Harper, Robert, exploration in Babylonia, 47 Harps, 155 Harri, become part of Subbiluliuma’s kingdom, 78 Hasmonæans, see Asmonæans. Hattusil I, King of Boghaz Koi, 78 Hattusil II, successor of Mutallu, 69, 80 Hawara, 28 Haynes, John H., Babylonian explorations of, 46 Head, B. V., date of ancient coins, 162 Hebrews, migration of, 116 Hebron, possessed by the Hittites, 76 Helena, mother of Constantine, 211 Helena of Adiabene, tomb of, 183 Heliopolis, 35 Hens, 139 Herod Agrippa I, 121 Herod the Great, rebuilds the Jewish temple, 121; capture of Rabbah Ammon, 130; coinage of, 165; building in Jerusalem, 205 Herodotus, on early navigation, 32; on wars between Egypt and Assyria, 32; comparison with 2 Kings, 376 Hezekiah, threatened by Sennacherib, 63, 374; improvements made by, 198 High places, 167 Hill, G. F., on Palestinian coins, 164 Hilprecht, Herman V., Babylonian explorations of, 46 Hin, 158 Hincks, Edward, 50 Hinnom, valley of, 185, 199 Hippacus, tower of, 206, 212 Hippos, 215 Hittites, invade Babylonia, 59; monuments of, 68; theories concerning, 68; ethnology of, 74; history of, 75 Hoes, 134 Homer, The Odyssey, 79 Homer, a measure, 158 Hophra, lures Judah to destruction, 32; palace of, at Memphis, 37 Horam, King of Gezer, 117 Horites, 106 Horse, domestication of the, 74 Horse Gate, 202 Hoshea, rebels against Assyria, 62, 369 Houses in ancient Palestine, 126 Howe, Fisher, suggestion regarding Golgotha, 211 Hull, Edward, geological survey of the valley of the Dead Sea, 89 Human sacrifice, 172 Hunt, A. S., discovery of Oxyrhynchus papyri, 39, 428 Huntington, Ellsworth, 95 Hyksos, invasion of Egypt, 28, 34, 110; possibly Hittites, 75 Hystaspes, father of Darius, 49 Ilu-bidi (Yau-bidi), 82 Ilumailu, founder of the second dynasty of Babylon, 59 Ilu-shumma, King of Assyria, 52 Ina-uzni-erêsu, 267 Ipuwer, Egyptian sage, 421 Irad, 270 Irhulina, King of Hamath, 82 Ishmi-Dagan, 52 Ishtar, on coins, 163; Babylonian prayer to, 399 Israel, the northern kingdom, 118 Ivriz, Hittite remains at, 70 Jacob, historical study of the name, 299 Jacobel, 111, 112 Jars, 142 Jebus, 188 Jehoahaz, deposed by Necho, 32 Jehoash, breaks wall of Jerusalem, 196 Jehoiachin, imprisoned by Nebuchadrezzar, 66 Jehoiakim, rebellion of, 65 Jehu, pays tribute to Shalmaneser III, 61 Jensen, Peter, studies in the Hittite and the Mitanni languages, 71 Jerabis, site of ancient Carchemish, Hamath, etc., 71, 72 Jerash, temple at, 178; ruins at, 217 Jericho, excavations at, 98; walls of, 109; capture of, 117; topography of, 123; area of, 125; remains of buildings, 127 Jeroboam, 30; name on seal, 359 Jerome, Onomasticon, 85, 133 Jerusalem, sieges and destruction of, 65; captured by Orodes I, 120; besieged by Pompey, 120; destroyed by Titus, 121; captured by the Persians, 122; passes under Mohammedan control, 122; area of, 126; water supply of, 130; rock altar at, 168; topography of, 185; in the time of Solomon, 190; destruction of, by Nebuchadrezzar, 199; walls of, rebuilt, 202; capture of, by Ptolemy I, 203; during the Asmonæan period, 204; construction during reign of Agrippa I, 212 Jesus, in the Decapolis, 218; reputed sayings of, found in Egypt, 428 Jewish colony in Egypt, 387 Joab, captures Rabbah, 217 Job, Babylonian parallel to, 392 John Hyrcanus, conquers Samaria and Edom, 100, 120; coinage of, 165; builds palace in Jerusalem, 204; supplies Jerusalem with water, 205 John Hyrcanus II, 120 Johns, C. H. W., 163 Jordan, Julius, exploration at Warka, 47 Joseph, texts bearing on story of, 33, 303; historical study of the name, 300 Josephel, 111, 112 Josephus, story of Onias, 38; on measures, 158 Joshua, conquest of Palestine, 117 Jovanoff, Alexander, numismatist of Constantinople, 70 Judah, the southern kingdom, 118 Judas Maccabæus, 119 Judges, period of, 352 Justus, house of, 221 Kadashman-turgu, 60 Kadesh, battle at, 80 Kadesh-Barnea, identification of, disputed, 95 Kalah-Sherghat, exploration at, 47 Kanatha, 215 Kara-Bel, Hittite remains at, 70 Karaburna, Hittite remains at, 70 Kara Dagh, Hittite remains at, 70 Karaindash, King of Babylon, 53, 60 Karanog, exploration of, 39 Kara Su, 69 Karnak, temple of, 37 Kassites, invade Babylonia, 59; migration of the, 109 Kenan, 267 Keys, 151 Khafre, 26 Khartum, 18 Khattu land, name given to Hittite settlement in Cappadocia, 75 Kheta, see Hittites. Khnum, 305 Khufu (Cheops), 25 Kidron, valley of, 185 King list of Karnak, etc., 22 Kings, books of, archæological light on, 358 King’s Gardens, 189 Kish, exploration at, 48; dynasty of, 54 Kitchener, H. H., Major and Lord, survey of Palestine, 88; surveys in Arabia, 89 Kizil Dagh, Hittite remains at, 70 Klein, F. A., 363 Knives, 152 Knudtzon, J. A., Die El-Amarna Tafeln, 303 Kok (shaft), 182 Koldewey, Robert, Babylonian exploration, 46, 65 Kudur-Mabug, 295 Kugler, Franz Xaver, astronomical calculation relating to Assyrian chronology, 53 Kukukumal, 297 Kummukh, Hittite kingdom, 82 Kurigalzu, invasion of Elam during reign of, 59 Labyrinth, 28 Lachish, excavations at, 89; walls of, 124 Lagash, 47; founding of, 55; colonists from, found Ashur, 47, 60 Lamartine, A. M., explorations in Palestine, 85 Lamech, 267 Lamentation for Tammuz, 426 Lamp-stands, 151 Langdon, Stephen, Sumerian Epic of Paradise, the Flood, and the Fall of Man, 283 Laodicea, 230 Larsa, kings of, 53; divided power with Nisin, 58 Lassen, Christian, 50 Lawrence, T. E., explorations in the wilderness of Zin, 95 Layard, Austen Henry, explorations of, 43; discoveries at Nineveh, 64, 71 Lebanon, copper from, 58 Leontopolis, Jewish temple at, 38 Lepton, 165 Letters from Palestine, 344 Leviticus, alleged parallel to, 342 Library of Ashurbanipal at Nineveh, 64 Liverpool, University of, directs Hittite exploration, 70 Loftus, William Kennett, explorations of, 44 Log, 158 Lotan, 109 Lowenstern, Isidore, 50 Lugaldaudu, statue of, 48; King of Adab, 57 Lugalzaggisi, 54, 57 Lydia, origin of coinage in (?), 163; kingdom of, 226 Lynch, Lieut. W. F., explorations in Palestine, 86 Lyon, D. G., excavations at Samaria, 100 Lyres, 155 Macalister, Alexander, anatomist, 105 Macalister, R. A. Stewart, excavations at Gezer, 92; conjecture regarding walls of Gezer, 124 Maccabæan period, 203 Maccabees, 119 MacIver, R., exploration at Karanog, 39 Mackenzie, Duncan, excavations at Bethshemesh, 94 Magan, conquered by Naram-Sin, 57; quarries at, 58 Magdol, 34 Mana, 160 Manasseh, vassal of Esarhaddon and Ashurbanipal, 64 Manetho, Egyptian priest, 21 Manishtusu, King of Kish, 47 Manissia, Hittite sculptures and remains near, 77, 79 Marash, Hittite remains at, 70, 92 Marduk, central figure in Babylonian creation epic, 247 Marduk and Zarpanit, feast of, 258 Marduknadinakhi, King of Babylon, 51, 52 Margolis, Max L., meaning of Pim, 161 Mars’ Hill, 220 Masterman, E. W. G., estimate of Parker’s excavations, 101 Mattiuaza, made king of the Mitanni, 78 “Maudsley’s Scarp,” 90, 191 Measures, 158 Medeba, taken by Omri, 365 Megalaros, 271 Megiddo, battle of, 32; excavations at, 96; wall of, 109; topography of, 123; area of, 126; remains of buildings, 128; gates of, 129; rock altar at, 168; temple at, 176; seal found at, 359 Melamkish, 267 Memphis, capital of Egypt, 27 Mena, accession of, 23; reign of, 25 Menahem, 62 Menant, Joachim, decipherment of Hittite inscriptions, 71 Menhir (stone columns), 104; burial in, 180 Menkaure, 26 Men-nofer, 27 Merneptah, successor of Ramses II, 30; Pharaoh of the Exodus, 37; siege of Gezer, 114, 115; pillar of, 311 Merodachbaladan, takes the throne of Babylon, 63; relations with Hezekiah, 377 Meroe, 32, 39 Merrill, Selah, explorations in Palestine, 86 Meruitensi, 420 Meselim, King of Kish, 56 Mesha, King of Moab, 170, 363 Meskingashir, 267 Mesopotamian Valley, 40 Messerschmidt, L., studies in the Mitanni language, 72 Methuselah, 267 Meyer, Edward, accession of Mena, 23; origin of the Philistines, 357 Meyer, Rudolph, map of Palestine, 86 Middle Kingdom, period of (Egypt), 27 Migdol, 34 Miletus, 222 Millo, 189, 190 Millstones, 136 Mina, 160 Mitanni, 69; kingdom of, 77 Mite, coin, 165 Moabite Stone, 363 Mohammedans, prevail in Palestine, 122 Money, 162 Monoliths, at Gezer, 170 Mordtmann, A. D., account of Hittite inscriptions, 70 Moresheth-Gath (Marash), 70, 92 Morgan, J. de, exploration at Susa, 47, 313 Moriah, Mount, 168; site of the temple, 192 Mortars, 136 Mosaic Code, not borrowed from the Babylonians, 340 Mosque of Omar, 168 Moulton, W. J., 100 Mount, see descriptive name. Mukês, 216 Müller, W. Max, origin of the Hittites, 69 Mursil, successor of Arandas, 79; makes treaty with the Amorites, 80; death of, 80 Mutallu, successor of Mursil, 80 Mutu-elu, 267 Mutu-ša-elu, 267 Mutu-šalal-eqla, 267 Nabathæans, 174 Nabopolassar, 65 Nabuna’id, King of Babylon, 54, 55; inscriptions of, 382 Nails, 153 Names, Sumerian, with Semitic, Babylonian, and Hebrew equivalents, 268 Napata, 31 Napoleon I, invasion of Egypt, 20 Naram-Sin, 54, 57 Naville, E., excavation of Pithom, 35 Nebuchadrezzar I, King of Babylon, 60 Nebuchadrezzar II, defeats Necho, 32, 65; destroys Jerusalem, 199; inscriptions of, 379 Necho, 32, 65, 379 Necklaces, 156 Needles, 151 Nehemiah, rebuilds the walls of Jerusalem, 202 Nehushtan, 171 Neo-Babylonian period, 65 Neolithic implements, 103 Nicanor’s gate, 210 Niebuhr, Carsten, inscriptions at Persepolis, 49 Nile, 17 Nineveh, explored by Botta, Place, and Layard, 43; by Rassam and Loftus, 44; by George Smith, 45; eclipse at, 51; Ashurbanipal’s library at, 64 Ninkharsag, 279, 289 Nippur, exploration of, 46; founding of, 55; account of creation and flood discovered at, 278; account of the origin of a city and the beginning of agriculture, 283 Nisin, 53, 54, 58 Noah, 268, 287 Nomes, divisions of Egypt, 24 Noph, 27 Norden, F. L., 19 Nubians, Christian, 39 Nuffar, exploration of, 46 Odoric, 49 Odyssey, The, referred to, 79 Old Gate, 202 Olive-presses, 137 Olives, Mount of, 211 Olmstead, A. T., explorations in Asia Minor, 70 Omar, Mosque of, 168 Omer, 158 Omri, 100, 365, 366 On, 35; priest of, founder of fifth dynasty, 26 Onias, 38 Onomasticon, by Jerome, 85, 133 Ophel, excavations on, 102; topography of, 123 Opis, dynasty of, 54 Oppert, Jules, explorations of, 44, 50 Orient-Gesellschaft, Babylonian exploration, 46 Ornaments, personal, 156 Ornan, 168 Orodes I, King of Parthia, 120 Osorkon II, 30 Otiartes, 271 Ovens, 149 Oxyrhynchus, papyri from, 39, 428 Paine, John A., explorations in Palestine, 86 Palaces of ancient Palestine, 127 Palæolithic implements, 103 “Palermo Stone,” 22 Palestine, physical geography of, 83; Mohammedans invade, 122 Palestine Exploration Fund, 87 Papyri, discovered at Elephantine, 37; at Oxyrhynchus, 39, 428 Papyrus Ebers, 23 Parchment, origin of the word, 224 Parker, Capt., the Hon. Montague, excavations in Jerusalem, 101 Parthia, secedes from the empire of the Seleucidæ, 67 Pashe dynasty, succeeds the Kassite dynasty, 60 Paton, L. B., excavations in Jerusalem, 100 Patriarchs before the flood, 264 Paul, scene of his missionary activity, 219 Payim, 161 Peiser, F. E., decipherment of Hittite inscriptions, 71 Pekah, 62, 369 Peleset (Philistines), 356 Pella, 114, 216 Pentateuch, Code of Hammurapi compared with, 313; laws of, not borrowed from Babylonia, 340 Perfume-boxes, 156 Pergamum, 222, 224 Persepolis, inscriptions at, 49 Persia, languages of ancient, 48 Persian period of Babylonia, 66 Persians, dominant in Palestine, 122 Pesibkhenno II, 30 Peters, John P., Babylonian explorations of, 45; discovery at Beit Jibrin, 102 Petra, 173, 174 Petrie, William Matthew Flinders, excavation at Tell el-Yehudiyeh, 34, 38; discovery of Raamses, 36; of Hophra’s palace, 37; excavation at Tell Defenneh, 38; at Lachish, 89; Egyptian Tales, 302 Phæstos, disc discovered at, 115, 357 Pharaoh of the Exodus, 30, 311 Philadelphia, 123, 217, 228 Philadelphus, 33 Philetærus, King of Pergamum, 224 Philip, son of Herod the Great, 121 Philistia, 83 Philistines, migration of, 115; civilization of, 117; Ramses III, reference to, 356; Meyer’s opinion of origin, 357 Phœnicians, weight standards of, 160 Pilate, Pontius, 121 Pilikam, 267, 271 Pillar of Merneptah, 311 Pillars, at Tell es-Safi, 169; at Taanach, 173 Pim, 161 Pinches, Theophilus G., tablets from Erech, 384 “Pipe,” musical instrument, 155 Pithom, 34, 35 Place, Victor, explorations of, 43 Plows, 134 Pococke, R., 19 Poebel, Arno, 54, 267, 271, 278 Politarchs, of Thessalonica, 438 Pompey, siege of Jerusalem, 120, 205 Pool of Bethesda, 210 Pools of Solomon, 131 Potiphar, 34 Pottery, 141 Pre-Babylonian period, 56 Prophets, character of the Hebrew, 417 Proverbs, parallels to book of, 407 Psalms, from Babylonia and Egypt, 398 Psammetik I, 31 Psammetik II, 387 Psephinus, tower of, 212 Ptahhotep, precepts of, 409 Ptolemaic period, 32 Ptolemy I, captures Jerusalem, 203 Ptolemy, Claudius, king list compiled by, 51 Ptolemy Lagi, 33, 119 Ptolemy Philadelphus, 33 Puchstein, Otto, discoveries at Boghaz Koi, 70 Pul, 61 Pumpelly, Raphael, explorations in Turkestan, 74 Put-akhi, Amorite king, 80 Pyramids, 25 Qarqar, 61 Quadrans, 165 Quirinius, archæological light on enrolment of, 432 Raamses, built by the Israelites, 35 Rabbah Ammon, rebuilt and renamed by Philadelphus, 33; topography of, 123; site of Philadelphia, 217 Ramsay, Sir William Mitchell, view of Quirinius’ enrolment, 434 Ramses II, 29, 35, 69; treaty with Hattusil, 69; conquests in northern Syria, 80; Palestinian rule of, 114 Ramses III, 30, 115 Ramses IV, IX, XII, 30 Raphana, 215 Rassam, Hormuzd, explorations of, 44, 45, 64 Rawlinson, Sir Henry C., explorations of, 44, 50, 51 Rehoboam, 30; opposed by Shishak, 118 Reisner, G. A., excavations at Samaria, 100 Renan, Ernest, explorations in Palestine, 86 Rephaim, 104 Reservoirs, 130 Retenu (Lotan), 109 Rich, Claude James, explorations of, 42 Richardson, Rufus B., excavations at Corinth, 221 Rim-Sin, King of Larsa, 58 Rings, finger, 157; money, 162 Roads, 132 Robinson, Edward, explorations in Palestine, 85 Robinson, George L., discovery at Petra, 102 “Robinson’s Arch,” 87, 204 Rockefeller, John D., 47 Roman rule of Egypt, 33 “Rosetta Stone,” 20 Sacrifices in foundations, 128; human, 172; Carthaginian law concerning, 342 Sacy, Sylvestre de, interpretation of Sassanian inscriptions, 49 Sakje-Geuze, excavations at, 75 Samal, kingdom of, 81 Samaria, siege of, 62; excavations at, 100; topography of, 123; remains of palaces at, 127; temple at, 178 Samaritans, origin of, 118 Samsuiluna, King of Larsa, 53 Sarbut el-Khadem, 28 Sardis, 226, 228 Sargon of Agade, 54, 57; conquests of, 63, 107; legend of, 310 Sargon of Assyria, besieges Samaria, 63, 369 Sarzec, Ernest de, explorations of, 45 Sassanian dynasty of Persia, 49, 67 Saturninus, Sentius, 437 Saul, reign of, 117 Saws, 152 Sayce, A. H., theories regarding Hittites, 68; decipherment of Hittite inscriptions, 70, 73 “Scarp, Maudsley’s,” 191 Scheil, V., exploration of, 46, 54 Schick, Dr. Conrad, discoveries in Jerusalem, 207 Schmidt, Nathaniel, explorations in Palestine, 100 Schumacher, Gottlieb, explorations in Palestine, 88; excavations at Megiddo, 96, 124 Scythians threaten Assyria, 64 Scythopolis, 214 Seah, 158 Seals, 154; found at Megiddo, 359 Sebaste, see Samaria. Second Assyrian period, 61 Sela, 173 Seleucus, King of Babylonia, 67 Sellin, Ernst, excavations at Taanach, 97, 124; excavations at Jericho, 98 Semites, first inhabitants of Mesopotamia, 55 Sendjirli, excavations at, 69 Seneferu, 25 Sennacherib, 31; discovery of seal at Babylon, 52; succeeds Sargon, 63; his account of his campaigns, 372 Seplel, see Subbiluliuma. Septuagint, translation of, 33 Sesostris, monarchs of Middle Kingdom, 27 Seth, 267; list of descendants, 269 Seti I, 29; campaigns against Palestine, 80; conquests in Asia, 114 Shabatum, 259 Shaft tombs, 181 Shalmaneser I, 60 Shalmaneser III, campaigns of, 61; oppression of Palestine, 360 Shalmaneser V, 62 Shamash-shumukin, 64 Shamshi-Adad, 52 Shamshi-Adad IV, 61 Shamsu-ditana, King of Babylon, 75 Shamsu-iluna, successor of Hammurapi, 108 Sheba, 381 Shechem, captured by Sesostris III, 28; excavations at, 102 Sheep Gate, 202 Shema, seal of, 176 Sheol, 423 Shephelah, borderland between Judæa and Philistia, 90, 94, 186 “Shepherd Kings,” 28 Sheshonk, see Shishak. “Shinar” (Sumir), 58 Shishak, 30; record of his campaign in Palestine, 37, 118, 359 Shitḫu-elu, 267 Shur, 95 Shushan, 47 Shutarna I, successor of Artatama I, 77 Siamon, 30 Sicilians, migration of, 115 Sickles, 135 Siloah, 189 Siloam inscription, 377 Simon the Maccabee, coinage of, 164 Sin, the moon-god, Babylonian hymn to, 400 Sinuhe, adventures of, 108, 307 Sippar (Agade), temple at, 54 Smith, Eli, explorations in Palestine, 85 Smith, George, explorations of, 45 Smyrna, Hittite sculptures and remains near, 76, 79; general account of, 229 Solomon marries daughter of Pharaoh, 30; empire of, 118; Pools of, 131, 205; buildings of, 192 Song of Songs, Egyptian parallels to, 413 “Sothic Cycle,” 22 Spatulæ, for eye-paint, 156 Spears, 154 Sphinx, 26 Spinning “whorls,” 151 Spoons, 150 Springs, favorite sites for cities, 186 “Stele of the vultures,” 56 Step Pyramid, 25 Stone age in Palestine, 103 Styli, 154 Subbiluliuma, extends power of the Hittites, 77; deposes Sutatarra, 78; Amorites conquered by, 113 Sumerian, early language of Babylonia, 51 Sumerian names, with Semitic, Babylonian, and Hebrew equivalents, 268 Sumerians, ethnology of, 56 Sumir, derivation of, 58 Sun-god, Egyptian hymn to the, 402 Susa, exploration at, 47 Sutarna II, King of the Harri, 78 Sutatarra, successor of Dushratta, 78 Swords, 154 “Synagogue of the Hebrews” in Corinth, 221 Sypilus, Mount, 70 Taanach, excavations at, 97; walls of, 124; buildings at, 127; pillars and altar of incense at, 173; letter from, 350 Tabu-utul-Bêl, 395 Tagtug, 288, 289 Tahpanhes, castle at, 37 Talbot, Fox, 50 Tale of the Eloquent Peasant, 418 Tale of Sinuhe, 307 Tale of the Two Brothers, 300 Tamerlane, 227 Tammuz, lamentation for, 426 Tanut-amon, 31 Tashji, Hittite remains at, 70 Taylor, J. E., explorations of, 44 Tell Defenneh, 38 Tell el-Hesy (Lachish), 89, 110 Tell el-Jazar, excavations at, 92 Tell el-Judeideh, excavations at, 91 Tell el-Retabeh, site of Raamses, 36 Tell el-Yehudiyeh, 38 Tell es-Safi, 91, 110, 124, 169 Tell Hum (Capernaum), 98 “Tell of the Jewess,” 38 Tell Sandahanna (Marash), 92; weight found at, 162 Tell Taanek, see Taanach. Tell Zakariya (Azekah), 90 Temple, Solomon’s, site of, 168; description of, 193; building of the second, 200; Herod’s, 207 Temple at Gezer, 175 Temple to Augustus at Samaria, 178 Temple of Jewish colony in Egypt, 387 Thakut, 34 Thebes, nome of, 27 Thekel, migration of, 115, 116 Thenius, Otto, suggestion regarding Golgotha, 211 Thessalonica, politarchs of, 438 Thiersch, Hermann, discovery at Beit Jibrin, 102 This, nome of, 25 Thompson, R. Campbell, decipherment of Hittite inscriptions, 73 Thothmes I, raids through Palestine, 110 Thothmes III, 29, 77, 111 Thothmes IV, alliance with Artatama I, 77 Threshing, 135 Thyatira, 226 Ti, tomb of, 26 Tiâmat, 248, 251 Tiberius, coinage of, 165 Tiglath-pileser I, 51, 60 Tiglath-pileser IV, conquests of, 61, 366 Tigris river, 40 Timur (Tamerlane), 227 Tirhakah, 31, 64 Titus, destroys Jerusalem, 121 Tiuman, King of Elam, 417 Tobler, Titus, explorations in Palestine, 86 Toi, King of Hamath, 81 Tombs, 181 “Tombs of the Judges,” 182 “Tombs of the Kings,” 183, 212 Topheth, 199 Tou, see Toi. Towers, 202 Toys, 155 Trajan, 133; organizes province of Arabia, 174 Travel, between Babylonia and Palestine, 293 Trumbull, Henry Clay, identification of Kadesh-Barnea, 95 Tukulti-Ninib I, 52, 60 “Turin Papyrus,” 22 Two Brothers, Tale of the, 300 Tyana, Hittite capital, 82 Tyropœon valley, 199 Ukhaimir, exploration at, 48 Umm Keis, 216 Ummanu, 267 Uni, officer of Pepi I, 107 University Museum, Philadelphia, 53, 54 Upper Retenu, 109 Ur, founding of, 55; kings of, 53, 54, 58 Urkagina, King of Lagash, 57 Ur-Nina founds dynasty at Lagash, 56 Utensils, 149 Uzziah, 196, 367 Valley Gate, 202 Van Dyke, Henry, reference to Felix, 429 Vincent, Hughes, 99, 101 Vineyards, 137 Wady Maghara, turquoise mines in, 25 Walls of Palestinian cities, 109, 123, 125, 202 Ward, William Hayes, Babylonian explorations of, 45 Warka, exploration at, 47 Warren, Gen. Sir Charles, excavations at Jerusalem, 87; at Gihon, 101 Water Gate, 202 Water supply in Palestine, 129 Weidner, Ernst, 74 Weights, 160 Weil, Captain, excavations on Ophel, 102 Wenamon, report of, 117, 352 Whetstones, 153 White Wall, 27 Wilderness of Zin, explorations in, 95 Winckler, Hugo, excavations at Boghaz Koi, 69, 79; first instalment of the El-Amarna letters, 71 Winckler und Abel, Thoutafelnfund von El-Amarna, 303 Wine-vats, 137 Winnowing, 135 Wisdom of Jesus, the Son of Sirach, 203 Wood, J. T., discoveries in Ephesus, 223 Woolley, C. Leonard, 75, 95 Wrench, J. E., explorations in Asia Minor, 70 Wright, William, The Empire of the Hittites, 68 Xerxes, inscriptions of, 48 Xisouthros, 271 Xystus, 203 Yadi, kingdom of, 81 Yaila, Hittite remains at, 70 Yakut, Arabian geographer, 217 Yau-bidi, King of Hamath, 82 Yaudi, identity of, 371 Year, divisions of, 138 Zamama, temple of, 48 Zaphenath-Paneah, 34 Zechariah, assists in rebuilding the temple, 118, 200 Zedekiah, rebellion against Babylon, 32, 65 Ziggurat of Zamama temple, 48 Zin, explorations in the wilderness of, 95 Zion, site of Jebus, 188 Ziugiddu, 280 Zoser, first king of third dynasty, 25, 305 Zugagib, 266