VOCABULARY

ABBREVIATIONS

adj., adjective.inter., interjection.

adv., adverb.m., masculine.

art., article.neut., neuter.

coll., colloquial.p. p., past participle.

cond., conditional.pers., personal.

conj., conjunction.pl., plural.

dim., diminutive.prep., preposition.

Eng., English.pres., present.

excl., exclamation.pres. p., present participle.

f., feminine.pret., preterit.

fam., familiar.pro., pronoun.

fut., future.reflex., reflexive.

imp., imperfect.sing., singular.

impers., impersonal. subj., subjunctive.

impv., imperative.1, 1st person.

ind., indicative.2, 2d person.

infin., infinitive.3, 3d person.

A

a to, at, on

abandonado p. p. of abandonar

abandonar to abandon, leave

abeja f. bee

abierto p. p. of abrir; open

abrasaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. abrasando pres. p. of abrasar

abrasar to burn

abrazo m. embrace

abre impv. sing. abrieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of abrir

abril m. April

abrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of abrir

abrir to open, unlock

abrirá 3 sing. fut. ind. of abrir

abuelo m. grandfather; como mi abuelo like my grandfather (fam. Eng.) your grandmother

acabar to finish

acabó 3 sing. pret. ind. of acabar

acariciar to caress, stroke, pet

acarició 3 sing. pret. ind. of acariciar

acaso perhaps

aceptar to accept

acepto 1 sing. pres. ind. of aceptar

acerca de about, concerning

acercarse to approach

acercó 3 sing. pret. ind. of acercar

acercose = se acercó

acertar to hit the mark, succeed

ácido acid, sour

acierta 3 sing. pres. ind. aciertan 3 pl. pres. ind. of acertar

acompañar to accompany

acompañe 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of acompañar

acostarse to go to bed

acredita 3 sing. pres. ind. of acreditar; se acredita de malo it is assuredly bad

acreditar to assure, prove, credit

activo active

adelante ahead, forward; los de adelante those ahead

ademán m. gesture, manner, attitude

además adv. besides; además de prep. besides, over and above

adentro within, inside

adiestraba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of adiestrar

adiestrar to guide, lead; adiestrarse to exercise one's self

adivinanza f. riddle

advertir to notify

afán m. zeal, eagerness

afanarse to toil excessively, to work hard

afano 1 sing. pres. ind. of afanar

agrio sour

agua f. water

aguardando pres. p. of aguardar

aguardar to wait for, await

aguardiente m. brandy

agudo sharp, shrill

Aguilar m. name of place

agujero m. hole

ah ah

ahogar to drown

ahogaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of ahogar

ahora now

aire m. air

al to the, at the; al (+infin.) on, upon; al ver on seeing

Alá m. Allah (Arabic word for God); que Alá los guarde may Allah protect you

alaba 3 sing. pres. ind. of alabar

alabar to praise

alarma f. alarm

alazán m. sorrel horse

alcaide m. governor of a castle

alcalde m. mayor

alcoba f. bedroom

Alejandro m. Alexander

algo something

alguien somebody

alguno some; pl. some, a few

Aliatar m. name of man

aliento m. breath

almuerzo m. lunch, breakfast

Alora f. name of place

alto high, tall

allá there

allí there; por allí over there

amable amiable

amiga f. friend

amigablemente amicably, in a friendly manner

amigo m. friend

amo m. master

amordazar to gag

amordazó 3 sing. pret. ind. of amordazar

ancho wide, broad

anda 3 sing. pres. ind. of andar

andar to go, walk

anécdota f. anecdote

ángel m. angel

animal m. animal

anoche last night

anterior preceding

antes adv. before, first; antes de prep. before

antoja 3 sing. pres. ind. of antojar

antojarse to take it into one's head

añadió 3 sing. pret. ind. of añadir

añadir to add

año m. year; el año que viene next year; hace tres años three years ago; cuántos años tenía how old he (she) was

aparecer to appear

aparecía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. apareció 3 sing. pret. ind. of aparecer

apariencia f. appearance

aplaude 3 sing. pres. ind. aplauden 3 pl. pres. ind. of aplaudir

aplaudir to applaud

apreciamos 1 pl. pres. and pret. ind. of apreciar

apreciar to value, esteem

apreciaré 1 sing. fut. ind. of apreciar

aprender to learn

aprendido p. p. of aprender

aprensión f. apprehension, fear

aprisa quickly

aprisionar to imprison

aprisionasen 3 pl. imp. subj. of aprisionar

aprobar to approve

aprueba 3 sing. pres. ind. of aprobar

aquel, aquella that; pl. aquellos, aquellas those

aqueste this

aquí here; he aquí behold, here is (are); hasta aquí as far as this

árabe Arabian

árbol m. tree

ardilla f. squirrel

ardor m. great heat

arma f. arm, weapon

arquitecto m. architect

arreglar to arrange

arriba above

arruinado p. p. of arruinar

arruinar to ruin

arte m. art

asegurar to assure, assert

aseguro 1 sing. pres. ind. of asegurar

así so, thus; así que as soon as

asnal adj. donkey

asombro m. amazement

astro m. heavenly body, sun, star

astuto cunning

asunto m. affair, matter

asustado frightened

asustar to frighten

atigrado tiger-colored

atrás backward, behind; los de atrás those behind

atreve 3 sing. pres. ind. of atrever

atreverse to dare, venture

atrevían 3 pl. imp. ind. atrevido p. p. atreviese 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. atrevió 3 sing. pret. ind. atrevo 1 sing. pres. ind. of atrever

aunque although, even if

autor m. author

ave f. bird

avisar to notify

avisaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of avisar

ayer yesterday

ayudar to aid, assist

azul blue

B

bah bah

bailar to dance

bailarín m. dancer

bajar to go down

bajaron 3 pl. pret. ind. bajo 1 sing. pres. ind. bajó 3 sing. pret. ind. of bajar

bajo adj. low

bajo prep. under

baldosa f. flat stone

banco m. bench

barato cheap

barbo m. barbel

barco m. boat

barranco m. ravine

barro m. clay, mud

bastante enough, quite, sufficiently

batalla f. battle

bebe 3 sing. pres. ind. bebió 3 sing. pret. ind. of beber

beber to drink

bellota f. acorn

bendición f. blessing

beneficio m. benefit

bestia f. animal, beast

bien well; pues bien well then, very well; está bien all right; qué bien how well; bien va first-rate

bienes m. pl. property

bígamo m. bigamist

bisabuelo m. great-grandfather

blanco white

blando soft

bodas f. pl. marriage, wedding

Bolondrón m. name of man

bonito pretty

bordado embroidered

borracho m. drunkard

borrico m. ass, donkey

borriquito m. dim. of borrico

bosque m. wood, forest

bramar to roar

bramó 3 sing. pret. ind. of bramar

bravo inter. bravo

brazo m. arm

breve short

brida f. bridle

brillaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of brillar

brillar to shine

brío m. spirit, vigor

brotar to bud; issue, come out

bruja f. witch

bruto m. brute, animal

bueno good, well

burro m. ass, donkey, burro

busca f. search

buscado p. p. of buscar; buscó 3 sing. pret. ind. of buscar

buscar, to look for, search

busto m. bust

C

caballero m. gentleman, knight; sir

caballo m. horse

cabeza f. head

cabo m. end

Cabra f. name of place

cachorro m. cub

cada each, every; cada uno each

cae 3 sing. pres. ind. of caer

caer to fall

caído p. p. of caer

caliente hot

calor m. heat, warmth; hace (hacía) calor it is (was) hot; hace (hacía) mucho calor it is (was) very hot

caluroso warm

calla impv. sing. of callar

callar to be silent

calle f. street

calló 3 sing. pret. ind. of callar

cama f. bed

camarada m. comrade

camarero m. waiter

cambiaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of cambiar

cambiar to change, exchange

cambiaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of cambiar

cambio m. change, exchange; en cambio on the other hand

caminado p. p. of caminar

caminar to walk

camino m. way, road; ponerse en camino to set out

campana f. bell

campaña f. campaign

campo m. field, country

Cándido m. name of man

canjear to exchange

cansa 3 sing. pres. ind. of cansar

cansado tired

cansar to tire; cansarse to get tired

canso 1 sing. pres. ind. of cansar

cantar to sing; m. singing

cántaro m. large pitcher; llover a cántaros to rain hard, pour

canto m. song, singing

capitán m. captain

cara f. face

carbonero m. coal-man

Carcabuey m. name of place

cárcel f. prison, jail

carga impv. sing. of cargar

cargamento m. cargo

cargar to load

cargó 3 sing. pret. ind. of cargar

caricia f. caress

cariño m. affection, love

carne f. flesh, meat

carretera f. high-road

carroza f. coach

carta f. letter

casa f. house; en casa at home; a casa home

casaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. casado p. p. of casar

casarse (con) to marry

casarán 3 pl. fut. ind. casaré 1 sing. fut. ind. casaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. casaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of casar

casi almost

caso m. case, matter

castigo m. punishment

casualidad f. chance, accident

católico Catholic

caudillo m. chieftain

causa f. cause; a causa de on account of

cayó 3 sing. pret. ind. of caer

cédula f. slip of paper

celebrar to celebrate

celebraron 3 pl. pret. ind. celebren 3 pl. pres. subj. celebró 3 sing. pret. ind. of celebrar

cena f. supper

cenar to sup, have supper

cenizas f. pl. ashes

centro m. centre, middle

cerca de near

cerdo m. pig, swine

cielo m. sky, heaven

cien see ciento

ciento one hundred; por ciento per cent

cierto certain

cinco five

cincuenta fifty

cinta f. ribbon, band

circunstancia f. circumstance

ciudad f. city, town

cobardemente in a cowardly manner, treacherously

cochero m. coachman

coger to take, pick, gather; coger de to seize by

cogió 3 sing. pret. ind. of coger

colar to filter, pass, steal into; se hubo de colar began to pass

colmenar m. apiary

colmillo m. tusk

colocar to place; colocarse to be placed

colocó 3 sing. pret. ind. of colocar

colono m. farmer, tenant

combatir to fight

come 3 sing. pres. ind. comen 3 pl. pres. ind. of comer

comenzar to begin

comenzó 3 sing. pret. ind. of comenzar

comer to eat, dine; comerse to eat up; dar de comer to feed

comerá 3 sing. fut. ind. of comer

comerciante m. merchant

comete 3 sing. pres. ind. of cometer

cometer to commit

comía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of comer

comida f. food; dinner, meal

comido p. p. of comer

comienza 3 sing. pres. ind. of comenzar

cómo how, what

como like, as

cómodo comfortable, cozy

compañera f. companion

compañero m. companion

comparación f. comparison

comparar to compare

comparó 3 sing. pret. ind. of comparar

compás m. pair of compasses; a compás in time, in regular time

compasión f. pity, compassion

compra impv. sing. of comprar

comprador m. buyer, purchaser

comprar to buy

comprender to understand; ya lo comprendo now I understand it

comprendiendo pres. p. comprendió 3 sing. pret. ind. comprendo 1 sing. pres. ind. of comprender

compró 3 sing. pret. ind. of comprar

comunicar to communicate

con with; con que so that, so then

conceder to grant

concederé 1 sing. fut. ind. concedes 2 sing. pres. ind. of conceder

concluido p. p. of concluir

concluir to finish, end

concluyó 3 sing. pret. ind. of concluir

conde m. count

condición f. condition; pl. conditions, terms

conduce 3 sing. pres. ind. of conducir

conducir to lead, take

conejo m. rabbit

confesaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of confesar

confesábase = se confesaba

confesar to confess

confesor m. confessor

confirmación f. confirmation

conmover to move, affect

conmovió 3 sing. pret. ind. of conmover

conoce 3 sing. pres. ind. of conocer

conocer to know, be acquainted with

conocerá 3 sing. fut. ind. conocería 1 and 3 sing. cond. conoces 2 sing. pres. ind. conocía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of conocer

conocimiento m. knowledge; pl. acquirements

conoció 3 sing. pret. ind. conozca 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. conozco 1 sing. pres. ind. of conocer

consecuencia f. consequence

consentir (en) to consent (to)

consentiría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of consentir

conseguir to obtain, succeed

consejo m. advice

consentimiento m. consent

conservar to keep

conservó 3 sing. pret. ind. of conservar

consiente 3 sing. pres. ind. of consentir

consigo with himself, with him

consiguió 3 sing. pret. ind. of conseguir

consintió 3 sing. pret. ind. of consentir

consistía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of consistir

consistir (en) to consist (of)

construido p. p. of construir

construir to build

construyese 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of construir

consuelo m. comfort, consolation

contar to relate, tell

contento, content, satisfied

contestación f. reply

contestar to answer, reply

contestó 3 sing. pret. ind. of contestar; contestó que sí he answered yes

contigo with you

continuar to continue

continuó 3 sing. pret. ind. of continuar

contó 3 sing. pret. ind. of contar

contra against

contrariado disappointed

convertido p. p. of convertir

convertir to convert; convertirse to be converted

convidar to invite

convidó 3 sing. pret. ind. of convidar

convierte 3 sing. pres. ind. of convertir

cornisa f. cornice

corre 3 sing. pres. ind. of correr

correctamente correctly

correr to run

corría 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of correr

corrido p. p. of correr; abashed, ashamed

corriente f. current

corrieron 3 pl. pret. ind. corrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of correr

cortaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. cortado p. p. cortando pres. p. of cortar

cortar to cut, cut off

cortaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of cortar

corte f. court; hacer la corte to pay attentions to

cortedad f. timidity, diffidence; con muy poca cortedad with great effrontery

cortesía f. politeness; con cortesía politely, courteously

cortina f. curtain

cortó 3 sing. pret. ind. of cortar

cosa f. thing

creas 2 sing. pres. subj. of creer

crecer to grow, rise

crecido p. p. of crecer

cree 3 sing. pres. ind. of creer; se cree it is believed

creer to believe

creí 1 sing. pret. ind. creía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of creer

creo 1 sing. pres. ind. of creer; ya lo creo well I should say so

creyendo pres. p. creyeron 3 pl. pret. ind. of creer

criado m. servant

cruz f. cross

cruzar to cross

cruzase 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of cruzar

cuadro m. picture

cuál which, what; el cual who, which

cuando, cuándo when

cuánto how much

cuarenta forty

cuartel m. quarter

cuarto m. quarter, fourth; room

cuatro four; a las cuatro at four o'clock

cubil m. den

cubría 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of cubrir

cubrir, cubrirse to cover

cuclillo m. cuckoo

cucú imitation of the cuckoo's note

cuchara f. spoon

cuchillo m. knife

cuenta f. account; echar sus cuentas to consider seriously

cuento m. story

cuestión f. question

cuidado m. care; con cuidado carefully; tener cuidado to be careful, to be alarmed

cura m. priest

curar to cure

D

D. abbreviation of don

da impv. sing. or 3 sing. pres. ind. daba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. dado p. p. dan 3 pl. pres. ind. dando pres. p. of dar

danza f. dance

daño m. injury, damage

dar to give; dar un paso to take a step; dar un paseo to take a walk; dar de comer to feed

daré 1 sing. fut. ind. das 2 sing. pres. ind. of dar

dé 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of dar; déme de cenar give me supper

de of, from; del of the

debajo de under

debe 3 sing. pres. ind. debemos 1 pl. pres. ind. of deber

deber to owe; ought, must, should

debes 2 sing. pres. ind. debían 3 pl. imp. ind. debo 1 sing. pres. ind. of deber

decía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of decir

decidió 3 sing. pret. ind. of decidir

decidir, decidirse to decide

decir to say, tell

declarar to declare

declaró 3 sing. pret. ind. of declarar

dedo m. finger

deforme deformed

deja 3 sing. pres. ind. of dejar; se deja quemar lets itself be burned

dejan 3 pl. pres. ind. of dejar

dejar to let, allow

dejas 2 sing. pres. ind. dejó 3 sing. pret. ind. of dejar

delante adv. before, ahead; delante de prep. before, in front of

demás; lo demás the rest

demasiado too, too much

dentro de inside of, within

derecho straight, right

derramaban 3 pl. imp. ind. of derramar

derramar to pour out; derramarse to be scattered, spread

derrotar to rout, put to flight

derrotó 3 sing. pret. ind. of derrotar

desaparecer to disappear

desapareció 3 sing. pret. ind. of desaparecer

desaprobaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of desaprobar

desaprobar to disapprove

desarmado p. p. of desarmar

desarmar to disarm

descansar to rest

descender to descend

descendiendo pres. p. descendió 3 sing. pret. ind. desciende 3 sing. pres. ind. of descender

desconsolado disconsolate, downcast

descuidado careless, negligent, carelessly

desde from, since

desea 3 sing. pres. ind. deseaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. deseado p. p. of desear

desear to desire, wish

deseo m. desire

desesperado in despair

desesperarse to be in despair

desesperas 2 sing. pres. ind. of desesperar

desgracia f. misfortune

desgraciado unfortunate; desgraciado de Vd. unfortunate man!

despachar to send away

despachó 3 sing. pret. ind. of despachar

despedida f. farewell

despertar to awake

despertó 3 sing. pret. ind. despierta impv. sing. of despertar

después adv. afterwards, then; después de prep. after; después que conj. after; poco después shortly after

destinado destined, intended

destreza f. dexterity, nimbleness

detener, detenerse to stop

detiene 3 sing. pres. ind. of detener

detrás de behind

detuvieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of detener

devastar to devastate, lay waste

devastaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of devastar

devolver to return; devolvérselo to return it to you (see vocabulary under se)

día m. day; a los pocos días after a few days; vivir al día to live from hand to mouth; todos los días every day; ocho días one week

diablo m. devil

dice 3 sing. pres. ind. of decir; se dice it is said, they say

dicen 3 pl. pres. ind. dices 2 sing. pres. ind. diciendo pres. p. of decir

dicha f. happiness.

dicho p. p. of decir; dicho esto having said this

diente m. tooth

dieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of dar

diestro skilful

diez ten

diga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of decir; dígale tell him

dijeron 3 pl. pret. ind. of decir

dijo 3 sing. pret. ind. of decir; dijo que sí he said yes

diligencia f. stagecoach

dinero m. money

dió 3 sing. pret. ind. of dar

Dios m. God

dirán 3 pl. fut. ind. diré 1 sing. fut. ind. of decir

dirección f. direction

dirigían 3 pl. imp. ind. dirigió 3 sing. pret. ind. of dirigir

dirigir to direct, address; dirigirse to direct oneself, turn toward, apply to

disponer to dispose, arrange

dispuso 3 sing. pret. ind. of disponer

disputa f. dispute

distinguir to distinguish

diversión f. amusement

doce twelve; a las doce at twelve o'clock

dócil docile

doctor m. doctor

dominio m. dominion

don m. a title preceding Christian names

don m. gift

donde, dónde where; a donde where, whither; en donde where

dormía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of dormir

dormido p. p. of dormir; asleep

dormir to sleep; dormirse to go to sleep, fall asleep

dormirás 2 sing. fut. ind. of dormir

dos two; las dos two o'clock; dos veces twice

doscientos two hundred

doy 1 sing. pres. ind. of dar

dudar (de) to doubt; llegué a dudar (de) I was really in doubt

dude 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of dudar; no dude Vd. don't doubt

dudo 1 sing. pres. ind. of dudar

dueño m. owner

duerma 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. duerme 3 sing. pres. ind. of dormir

durante during

duro hard; pan duro stale bread

duro m. dollar

E

e and. Used instead of y before i or hi

echar to throw, pour, put; echarse to throw oneself down, to lie down; echar sus cuentas to cast up accounts, to consider seriously; echar plantas to brag, boast

echaron 3 pl. pret. ind. echó 3 sing. pret. ind. of echar

edad f. age; la de más edad the oldest, elder

edificio m. building

efecto m. effect; en efecto indeed, in fact

efigie f. effigy, image

efusión f. effusion, emotion

ejemplo m. example; por ejemplo for example

él he; him (after a preposition)

el the; el que he who, the one who; el de that of

elemento m. element

eleva 3 sing. pres. ind. of elevar

elevar to raise; elevarse to rise

ella she; (after a preposition) her, it

ellos they; (after a preposition) them

embarcar to embark, embarcarse to embark, go on shipboard

embestir to assault, rush against

empeño m. earnest desire, determination

emperador m. emperor

empezado p. p. of empezar

empezar to begin

empezaron 3 pl. pret. ind. empezó 3 sing. pret. ind. of empezar

emplean 3 pl. pres. ind. of emplear

emplear to use

empuñar to grasp

empuñó 3 sing. pret. ind. of empuñar

en in, on

encantado enchanted

encantamiento m. enchantment

encender to light

encendió 3 sing. pret. ind. of encender

encerrado p. p. of encerrar

encerrar to lock up

encerrarían 3 pl. cond. encerraron 3 pl. pret. ind. of encerrar

enciende impv. sing. of encender

encierro m. imprisonment

encontrado p. p. of encontrar

encontrar to meet, find

encontraron 3 pl. pret. ind. encontré 1 sing. pret. ind. encontró 3 sing. pret. ind. encuentra 3 sing. pres. ind. encuentran 3 pl. pres. ind. encuentre 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. encuentren 3 pl. pres. subj. encuentres 2 sing. pres. subj. of encontrar

enemigo m. enemy

enfermedad f. illness

enfermo ill, sick; m. patient

enojado angry, vexed, in bad humor

ensayaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of ensayar

ensayar to rehearse, practise

enseñando pres. p. of enseñar

enseñar to teach, show; enseñarles to teach them

entender to understand; entender de to be a judge of

entenderá 3 sing. fut. ind. entiendes 2 sing. pres. ind. of entender

entonces then; por entonces at that time

entra 3 sing. pres. ind. of entrar

entrada f. entrance

entran 3 pl. pres. ind. of entrar

entrar (en) to enter, go in

entraría 1 and 3 sing, cond.; entraron 3 pl. pret. ind. entré 1 sing. pret. ind. of entrar

entre between, among; entre sí within himself; por entre among

entregar to deliver, hand over

entristecido saddened

entró 3 sing. pret. ind. of entrar

envejecer to grow old

enviado p. p. of enviar

enviar to send

envidioso envious

envió 3 sing. pret. ind. of enviar

era 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. eran 3 pl. imp. ind. of ser

erección f. erection

eres 2 sing. pres. ind. of ser

es 3 sing. pres. ind. of ser; es que the fact is that

escalera f. stair

escena f. scene

escoger to choose, select

escogió 3 sing. pret. ind. of escoger

esconder to hide, conceal

esconderé 1 sing. fut. ind. escondido p. p. escondió 3 sing. pret. ind. of esconder

escondite m. hiding-place

escriba 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. escribe 3 sing. pres. ind. escribía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. escribieron 3 pl. pret. ind. escribió 3 sing. pret. ind. of escribir

escribir to write

escribo 1 sing. pres. ind. escrito p. p. of escribir

escritor m. writer

escrúpulo m. scruple

escuadrón m. squadron, troop

escuchando pres. p. of escuchar

escuchar to listen

ese (-a -os -as) that; pl. those

eso that; por eso therefore, so

espada f. sword

espantar to frighten; espantarse (de) to be astonished (at)

espanto 1 sing. pres. ind. of espantar

España f. Spain

especie f. kind

espectáculo m. spectacle

espera impv. sing. esperaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. esperando pres. p. of esperar

esperanza f. hope

esperar to await, wait for, hope, expect

esperaré 1 sing. fut. ind. espero 1 sing. pres. ind. of esperar

esposa f. wife

esposo m. husband; los esposos husband and wife

espuela f. spur

está 3 sing. pres. ind. of estar; está bien all right

estaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. estaban 3 pl. imp. ind. estado p. p. están 3 pl. pres. ind. of estar

estanque m. pond

estar to be

estaré 1 sing. fut. ind. estás 2 sing. pres. ind. of estar

este (-a -os -as) this; pl. these

éste (-a -os -as) this one, the latter

estimaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of estimar

estimar to esteem, value

esto this

estoy 1 sing. pres. ind. of estar

estrechar to press

estrechó 3 sing. pret. ind. of estrechar

estuve 1 sing. pret. ind. estuvo 3 sing. pret. ind. of estar

etc. etc.

Europa f. Europe

exactamente exactly

examen m. examination

examinando pres. p. of examinar

examinar to examine

examinaron 3 pl. pret. ind. examinó 3 sing. pret. ind. of examinar

excelente excellent

exclama 3 sing. pres. ind. exclamaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. exclamando pres. p. of exclamar

exclamar to exclaim

exclamó 3 sing. pret. ind. of exclamar

excusar to excuse

explicar to explain

explicó 3 sing. pret. ind. of explicar

extranjero m. stranger

extraviado out of the way

Extremadura f. a province of Spain

F

fabricar to manufacture, make

fabricas 2 sing. pres. ind. of fabricar

fabulilla f. little fable

falda f. slope (of mountain); skirt (of woman)

falta f. lack

fama f. reputation, fame

familia f. family

famoso famous

fastidioso tiresome

favor m. favor, compliment

favorable favorable

fe f. faith; a fe que in truth

febrero m. February

feliz happy

felizmente happily, safely

feo ugly

feria f. fair

feroz fierce, ferocious

fiaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of fiar

fiar to trust

fiel faithful

figura f. form, figure

fijar to fix

fije 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of fijar; fije Vd. fix

fin m. end; al fin at last

finca f. estate, property

fingió 3 sing. pret. ind. of fingir

fingir to feign, pretend

flanco m. side

flauta f. flute

flautista m. flute-player

flor f. flower; flor de lis fleur-de-lis, iris

fonda f. inn, restaurant

formal serious, earnest

forman 3 pl. pres. ind. of formar

formar to form

fortuna f. fortune

fósforo m. match

frecuentado frequented, travelled

frío cold; m. cold; hace frío it is cold; hace mucho frío it is very cold; hacía frío it was cold

frívolo frivolous

fue 3 sing. pret. ind. of ser or ir; se fue he went away, went off

fuego m. fire

fuera de outside of

fueron 3 pl. pret. ind. of ser or ir; se fueron they went away, went off

fuerte strong

fuga f. flight

fugarse to run away, flee

fui 1 sing. pret. ind. of ser or ir

furioso furious

G

galgo m. greyhound; y muy galgos and very much greyhounds

galopar to gallop

galope m. gallop; a galope tendido at full gallop

gallina f. hen

gallo m. rooster, cock

gamo m. deer, buck

ganaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of ganar

ganar to gain, earn

ganga f. bargain

ganso m. goose

garboso graceful, elegant

gastado p. p. gastan 3 pl. pres. ind. of gastar

gastar to wear, spend; gastarse to wear out, be spent

gastaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of gastar

generosamente generously

generoso noble, generous

gente f. people

gobernador m. governor

golpe m. blow; de un golpe at one blow

golpear to strike, hit, hammer

Gómez m. name of man

gordo fat

gota f. drop

gracia f. grace; pl. thanks

gran see grande

grande great, large; m. grandee

gris gray

grita 3 sing. pres. ind. gritando pres. p. of gritar

gritar to cry

gritó 3 sing. pret. ind. of gritar

gruñir to growl

gruñó 3 sing. pret. ind. of gruñir

guapo m. gallant, beau

guardar to guard, keep

guarde 1 and 3 pres. subj. of guardar; que Alá los guarde may Allah protect you; guarde esta sentencia un autor let an author keep this judgment in mind

guardia f. guard

guisado m. stew, fricassee

gustar to please

gustaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of gustar

gustaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of gustar; le gustaron they pleased him, he liked them

gusto m. pleasure, taste

gustó 3 sing. pret. ind. of gustar; le gustó it pleased him (her), he (she) liked it

H

ha 3 sing. pres. ind. of haber; ha de is to, has to, shall, should

haber to have

había 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of haber; impers. there was, there were

habían 3 pl. imp. ind. of haber

habilidad f. ability, talent

habitación f. room

habitante m. inhabitant

hablaban 3 pl. imp. ind. hablado p. p. hablan 3 pl. pres. ind. hablando pres. p. of hablar

hablar to speak

hablaremos 1 pl. fut. ind. hablaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of hablar

hable 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of hablar; hable Vd. speak

habrán 3 pl. fut. ind. habrían 3 pl. cond. of haber

hace 3 sing. pres. ind. hacen 3 pl. pres. ind. of hacer

hacer to do, make; hacer la corte to pay attentions to; hacer de persona to exalt oneself, show off; hacer pedazos to break into pieces; hacer una pregunta to ask a question; hace frío (calor) it is cold (hot); hace mucho frío (calor) it is very cold (hot); hacía frío (calor) it was cold (hot); hace (hacía) sol the sun is (was) shining; hace mal tiempo the weather is bad; hace muchos años many years ago; hace tres años three years ago; hace mucho tiempo a long time ago

haces 2 sing. pres. ind. hacía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of hacer

hacia toward

haciendo pres. p. of hacer

hacha f. axe

haga 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of hacer; haga Vd. do

hagan 3 pl. pres. subj. of hacer; que lo hagan have them make it

hago 1 sing. pres. ind. of hacer

hallado p. p. hallando pres. p. of hallar

hallar to find

hallarás 2 sing. fut. ind. hallo 1 sing. pres. ind. halló 3 sing. pret. ind. of hallar

hambre f. hunger; tener hambre to be hungry; tener mucha hambre to be very hungry

han 3 pl. pres. ind. of haber; han de are to, have to, must

hará 3 sing. fut. ind. haré 1 sing. fut. ind. of hacer

has 2 sing. pres. ind. of haber; has de you are to, you must

hasta prep. until, as far as, up to; hasta que conj. until; hasta aquí as far as this

hay there is, there are; no hay que one (you) must not; no lo hay there isn't any

he 1 sing. pres. ind. of haber

he: he aquí behold, here is (are)

hecho p. p. of hacer

herido p. p. of herir

herir to wound, strike

hermana f. sister

hermano m. brother

hermoso beautiful, fair

hicieron 3 pl. pret. ind of hacer

hidalguía f. nobleness, liberality

hierba f. grass

hierbecillas f. pl. grass, blades of grass

hierro m. iron

hija f. daughter

hijo m. son; pl. children; hijo mayor eldest son; hijo menor youngest son

hirió 3 sing. pret. ind. of herir

hizo 3 sing. pret. ind. of hacer

Holanda f. Holland

hombre m. man

honor m. honor

honrar to honor

hora f. hour

horma f. shoemaker's last

hospital m. hospital

hospitalidad f. hospitality

hoy to-day; desde hoy from to-day on

hu-u-u-u imitation of the sound of the wind

hubo 3 sing. pret. ind. of haber; hubo de exclamar exclaimed, went on to exclaim; se hubo de colar began to pass (into)

huele 3 sing. pres. ind. of oler

huerto m. garden

huir to flee, run away

humano human

húmedo wet, damp

huyendo pres. p. huyeron 3 pl. pret. ind. huyó 3 sing. pret. ind. of huir

I

iba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of ir

ida f. going

ido p. p. of ir

iglesia f. church

ignorante ignorant

igual equal, uniform, unchangeable

igualmente equally

impetuosísimo very impetuous, rushing, raging

impetuoso impetuous

importa 3 sing. pres. ind. of importar

importante important

importar to matter, be important

imposible impossible

indispensable indispensable

individuo m. individual, person

infame infamous, vile

infinito infinitely, exceedingly

inflamado p. p. of inflamar

inflamar to inflame, inspire

informar to inform; informarse to find out

ingenuamente ingenuously, frankly

inglés English; m. Englishman

ingrato ungrateful, ingrate; harsh, disagreeable

inminente imminent

inmóvil motionless

insaciable insatiable, never satisfied

insistió 3 sing. pret. ind. of insistir

insistir to insist

instante, m. instant, moment; al instante at once, immediately

interés m. interest

interpretaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of interpretar

interpretar to interpret

intransitable impassable

inundar to flood

inundaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of inundar

invadir to invade

invasión f. invasion

invención f. invention

inventar to invent

invento 1 sing. pres. ind. of inventar

ir to go; irse to go away, go off; irse a pique to sink, founder

irrita 3 sing. pres. ind. of irritar

irritar to irritate; irritarse to become irritated, angry

Isabel f. Isabella

izquierdo left

J

jabalí m. wild boar

Jalma m. name of man

jamás never

jardín m. garden

jefe m. chief

José m. Joseph

joven young; m. young man; f. girl, young woman

Juan m. John

juez m. judge

Julieta f. Juliet

junto together; junto a near, close to

jurar to swear

juro 1 sing. pres. ind. of jurar

juzgado m. court

L

la pers. pro. she, it

la f. the; la que she who, the one who; la de she of, that of, she who was

lacre m. sealing wax

lado m. side; por todos lados on all sides

ladrón m. robber, thief

lamentación f. lament, cry

lamentar, lamentarse to lament, grieve

lamento m. moan, cry

Lamsaco m. Lampsacus (in ancient geography, a city of Asia Minor on the Hellespont)

lanza f. lance

largo long

las pl. of la the; las de those of

las, pers. pro. them, you

lavaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of lavar

lavar to wash

le him, to him, to her, you, to you

leal loyal

Leal m. name of Aliatar's horse

lección f. lesson

leche f. milk

lecho m. couch, bed

leer to read

legua f. league

leído p. p. of leer

lejos far

lengua f. tongue, language

leña f. firewood

les to them

lesna f. awl

letrero m. sign, notice

levantar to raise, lift; levantarse to rise, get up

levantaron 3 pl. pret. ind. levantó 3 sing. pret. ind. of levantar

libertad f. freedom, liberty; poner en libertad to set free

librar to free

libre free

libren 3 pl. pres. subj. of librar

liebre f. hare

ligereza f. swiftness, fleetness

lis f.: flor de lis fleur-de-lis, iris

lo pers. pro. him, it

lo neut. art. the; lo que what, that which, which

Loja f. name of place

loro m. parrot

los pl. of el the

los pers. pro. them, you

lucir to show, display

luchando pres. p. of luchar

luchar to struggle

luego then, therefore

lugar m. place, village

lugareño m. villager

lujoso luxurious

luz f. light

Ll

llamaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. llamado p. p. of llamar

llamar to call, knock; llamarse to be called; me llamo my name is

llamaré 1 sing. fut. ind. llamo 1 sing. pres. ind. llamó 3 sing. pret. ind. of llamar

llave f. key

llega 3 sing. pres. ind. llegan 3 pl. pres. ind. llegando pres. p. of llegar

llegar to arrive; al llegar on arriving

llegaron 3 pl. pret. ind. llego 1 sing. pres. ind. llegó 3 sing. pret. ind. llegue 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of llegar

llegué 1 sing. prt. ind. of llegar; llegué a dudar I really doubted

lleno full

lleva impv. sing. of llevar; llévatela take it along

lleva 3 sing. pres. ind. llevaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. llevando pres. p. of llevar

llevar to carry, take, wear, bear; llevarse to carry off

llevaré 1 sing. fut. ind. llevaría 1 and 3 sing. cond. llevaron 3 pl. pret. ind. llevase 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. llevasen 3 pl. imp. subj. lleve 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of llevar

lleven 3 pl. pres. subj. of llevar; llévense carry away

llevó 3 sing. pret. ind. of llevar

llorando pres. p. of llorar

llorar to weep, cry

llover to rain; llover a cántaros to rain hard, pour

llovía 3 sing. imp. ind. llueve 3 sing. pres. ind. of llover

lluvia f. rain

M

madre f. mother

Madrid m. Madrid (capital of Spain)

madriguera f. burrow, den

magnífico magnificent, splendid

majestad f. majesty

mal m. harm, injury

mal adj. see malo

mal adv. badly, ill

malo bad, ill

mandado p. p. of mandar

mandar to order, command; send; mandar hacer to have made; mandar quemar to order to be burned

manera f. manner, way; de la misma manera in the same way; de esta (esa) manera in this (that) way

mango m. handle

maniatado p. p. of maniatar

maniatar to tie one's hands, manacle

manifestar to state, inform

manifestó 3 sing. pret. ind. of manifestar

mano f. hand

mantener to support

mañana f. morning; adv. to-morrow; por la mañana in the morning

mar m. sea

marido m. husband

marinero m. sailor

marchar to march, go; marcharse to go, go off

marcharon 3 pl. pret. ind. marchó 3 sing. pret. ind. of marchar

martillo m. hammer

marzo m. March

mas but

más more, most

mata f. bush, shrub

matado p. p. of matar

matar to kill

matara 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. matas 2 sing. pres. ind. of matar

matasiete m. killer of seven, seven-killer

mato 1 sing. pres. ind. mató 3 sing. pret. ind. of matar

matrimonio m. marriage

mayor greater, greatest, larger, largest, older, oldest

me me, to (for) me

medalla f. medal, medallion

mediano medium, medium-sized

medias f. pl. stockings

medicina f. medicine

médico m. doctor

medio half, mid; media noche midnight

meditar to consider, meditate

meditó 3 sing. pret. ind. of meditar

mejor better, best

menear to stir, shake; menearse to stir about, "hustle"

meneo 1 sing. pres. ind. of menear

menor smaller, younger, youngest

menos less, least

menospreciado p. p. of menospreciar

menospreciar to underrate, despise

merece 3 sing. pres. ind. of merecer

merecer to deserve

mereces 2 sing. pres. ind. merecía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of merecer

mes m. month

mesa f. table; poner la mesa to set (lay) the table

metamorfosis f. metamorphosis, transformation

meter to put; meterse to get in; meterse detrás de to get behind

metió 3 sing. pret. ind. of meter

mezquino mean, paltry, poor

mi my

mí me

miedo m. fear; tener miedo to be afraid

mientras while, as long as

mieses f. pl. crops

mil a thousand

minuto m. minute

mío mine, my; el mío mine

mira 3 sing. pres. ind. miraba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of mirar

mirada f. look, glance

mirando pres. p. of mirar

mirar to look at; mirar por to look out of

miren 3 pl. pres. subj. of mirar; mírenlo Vds. look at him

miró 3 sing. pret. ind. of mirar

miserable wretched; m. wretched man

miseria f. poverty

mismo same; lo mismo que the same as, as well as

modesto modest

modo m. mode, manner; de tal modo in such a way; del propio modo in the same way

molinero m. miller

momento m. moment; importance

mona f. monkey

moneda f. coin

montar to mount

monte m. mountain

montó 3 sing. pret. ind. of montar

mordaza f. gag

moribundo dying

morir, morirse to die

morirás 2 sing. fut. ind. moriré 1 sing. fut. ind. moriréis 2 pl. fut. ind. of morir

moro m. Moor

mosca f. fly

mosquito m. mosquito

motivo m. motive

mover, moverse to move

moveré 1 sing. fut. ind. movía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of mover

movimiento m. movement

movió 3 sing. pret. ind. of mover

mozo m. porter

muchísimo very much

mucho much; pl. many

muebles m. pl. furniture

muerte f. death

muerto p. p. of morir

mueve 3 sing. pres. ind. of mover

mujer f. woman, wife

mundo m. world

murió 3 sing. pret. ind. of morir

música f. music

muy very

N

nada nothing; not at all

nada 3 sing. pres. ind. of nadar

nadar to swim

nadie no one, nobodynado 1 sing. pres. ind. of nadar

natural natural

necesario necessary; todo lo necesario everything necessary

necesidad f. necessity

necesita 3 sing. pres. ind. of necesitar

necesitar to need

necio m. fool

negado p. p. of negar

negar to deny; negarse (a) to refuse

negocios m. pl. business

negro black; m. negro

nevar to snow

ni nor, not even; ni ... ni neither ... nor

nieve f. snow

ninguno no, none; no one

niña f. girl, child

no no; not

noble noble; m. noble

noche f. night; de noche, por la noche at night

nombrado celebrated, famous

nombre m. name

norte m. north

nos us, to us

notar to note, observe

noticia f. news

notó 3 sing. pret. ind. of notar

noventa ninety

noviembre m. November

novio m. lover, fiance

nube f. cloud

nuestro our, ours, of ours

nueve nine

nuevo new; de nuevo again

número m. number

nunca never

O

o or; o ... o either ... or

o, oh inter. oh

obedecer to obey

obedeció 3 sing. pret. ind. of obedecer

obligar to oblige, compel

obligó 3 sing. pret. ind. of obligar

obra f. work

obrero m. workman

obsequiar to entertain, show attention; obsequiar a porfía to show rivalry in entertaining

obsequiaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of obsequiar

observar to observe

observó 3 sing. pret. ind. of observar

obtener to obtain

ocasión f. occasion, opportunity

oculta 3 sing. pres. ind. of ocultar

ocultar to hide, conceal

ocurrido p. p. of ocurrir

ocurrir to happen, occur

ochenta eighty

ocho eight; ocho días a week

oficial m. officer

oficina f. office

oficio m. work, trade, business

ofrecer to offer, promise

ofrecieron 3 pl. pret. ind. ofreció 3 sing. pret. ind. ofrezco 1 sing. pres. ind. of ofrecer

oír to hear; al oír on hearing

ojo m. eye

oleaje m. surge, waves

oler (a) to smell (of)

olvidado p. p. olvidando pres. p. of olvidar

olvidar to forget

olvide 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of olvidar; no olvide Vd. don't forget; olvidó 3 sing. pret. ind. of olvidar

olla f. pot, kettle

ora ... ora now ... now

orden f. order; a las órdenes under the command

ordinario ordinary; de ordinario usual

oriente m. East, orient

orilla f. bank, shore; a orillas on the shore

oro m. gold

oscuro dark; a oscuras in the dark

oso m. bear

otoño m. autumn

otro other, another; otra vez again; otro tanto as much more

oveja f. sheep

oyeron 3 pl. pret. ind. of oír

oyó 3 sing. pret. ind. of oír; oyó las dos he heard two o'clock strike

P

paciente patient

padre m. father

pagado p. p. of pagar

pagar to pay

pagó 3 sing. pret. ind. of pagar

país m. country

pájaro m. bird

palabra f. word; tener palabra to keep one's word

palacio m. palace

pan m. bread; pan tierno fresh bread; pan duro stale bread

panal m. honey-comb

pañuelo m. handkerchief

papá m. papa

para for, in order to; para que in order that

paraguas m. umbrella

parece 3 sing. pres. ind. of parecer

parecer to seem, appear; parecerse a to look like; qué le parece a Vd. what do you think of, how do you like

parecerá 3 sing. fut. ind. parecía 3 sing. imp. ind. parecían 3 pl. imp. ind. pareció 3 sing. pret. ind. of parecer

pariente m. relative

parte f. part; en ninguna parte nowhere, not anywhere; por todas partes everywhere

pasa 3 sing. pres. ind. pasaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of pasar

pasado p. p. of pasar; past

pasar to pass; pasar de to be more than, exceed; al pasar on passing

paseaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of pasear

pasearse to take a walk, ride, drive

paseo 1 sing. pres. ind. of pasear

paseo m. walk; dar un paseo to take a walk

pasmar to stun, astound; pasmarse to be astounded, stunned

pasmaron 3 pl. pret. ind. of pasmar

paso m. step, passage; dar un paso to take a step

pasó 3 sing. pret. ind. of pasar

patata f. potato

patio m. court-yard

pato m. duck

pavo m. turkey

paz f. peace, tranquillity

peana f. pedestal

pecado m. sin

pedazo m. piece; hacer pedazos to break into pieces

pedía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. pedido p. p. of pedir

pedir to ask, ask for, order

Pedro m. Peter

peinar to comb; peinarse to comb one's hair

peine m. comb

peinó 3 sing. pret. ind. of peinar

peligro m. danger, peril

pena f. pain, grief

penoso painful, laborious

pensaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. pensando pres. p. of pensar

pensar (en) to think (of), intend

peor worse, worst

pequeño small, little

perder to lose

perderás 2 sing. fut. ind. of perder

perdido p. p. of perder; me he perdido I am ruined; se me ha perdido he is lost

perdonar to pardon

perdone 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of perdonar; perdóneme Vd. pardon me

perdono 1 sing. pres. ind. of perdonar

Pérez m. name of man

perfecto perfect

perito expert

perjudica 3 sing. pres. ind. of perjudicar

perjudicar to damage, injure, be prejudicial

permanecer to remain

permaneció 3 sing. pret. ind. of permanecer

permiso m. permission

permiten 3 pl. pres. ind. of permitir

permitir to permit, allow

pero but

perseguir to pursue

persiguieron 3 pl. pret. ind. of perseguir

persona f. person; hacer de persona to exalt oneself, show off

perro m. dog

pesar m. sorrow; a pesar de in spite of

peseta f. peseta, franc

piamontés m. Piedmontese (one from Piedmont, a region in northwestern Italy)

pícaro villanous, mischievous

picapedrero m. stone-cutter

picarón m. rascal, rogue

pide 3 sing. pres. ind. pidiendo pres. p. pidió 3 sing. pret. ind. of pedir

pie m. foot

piedra f. stone

pierda 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. of perder

pilar m. column

pillan 3 pl. pres. ind. of pillar

pillar to seize, catch

pintor m. painter

pique m. pique; irse a pique to founder, sink, go to the bottom

plano m. plan

planta f. plant; echar plantas to brag, boast

plantar to plant

planté 1 sing. pret. ind. of plantar

plata f. silver

plato m. plate

plazo m. period, time

plebeyo plebeian; m. plebeian, commons

pleito m. law-suit

pluma f. pen

población f. town

pobre poor; el pobre the poor man; los pobres the poor (people, animals, etc.); pobre de mí alas for me

poco little; pl. few; a los pocos días after a few days; poco antes shortly before; poco después shortly after

podemos 1 pl. pres. ind. of poder

podenco m. hound; digo que podencos I say hounds

poder to be able, can

poder m. power

poderoso powerful

podía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of poder

podían 3 pl. imp. ind. of poder; nada podían they could do nothing, were powerless

podré 1 sing. fut. ind. podría 1 and 3 sing. cond. of poder

polvo m. dust

pollo m. chicken

ponderado p. p. of ponderar

ponderar to praise highly

poner to put; ponerse to get, become; ponerse en camino to set out; poner en libertad to set free; poner la mesa to set the table

poniente m. West

por for, by, through, for the sake of, in exchange for; por entre among; por allí over there; por ciento per cent; por entonces at that time

porción f. portion

porfía f. obstinacy; obsequiaron a porfía they rivalled each other in showing attentions

porfiar to insist

porfió 3 sing. pret. ind. of porfiar

porque because

porqué, por qué why

posada f. inn, hotel

posadera f. landlady, innkeeper's wife

poseer to possess, own

poseía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. poseo 1 sing. pres. ind. of poseer

posible possible

potro m. colt

prado m. meadow, field

preceder to precede

precedido p. p. of preceder

precio m. price

precioso precious

precisamente exactly

preciso necessary

preferir to prefer

prefiero 1 sing. pres. ind. of preferir

pregunta f. question; hacer una pregunta to ask a question

pregunta 3 sing. pres. ind. preguntando pres. p. of preguntar

preguntar to ask

preguntaré 1 sing. fut. ind. preguntaron 3 pl. pret. ind. preguntó 3 sing. pret. ind. of preguntar

prendero m. pawnbroker

preparar to prepare

preparó 3 sing. pret. ind. of preparar

presencia f. presence

presentaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. presentando pres. p. of presentar

presentar to present

presentarás 2 sing. fut. ind. of presentar

presente present

presentó 3 sing. pret. ind. of presentar

preso imprisoned; m. prisoner

prestar to lend

presto 1 sing. pres. ind. of prestar

primer, primero first

primor m. excellence, dexterity

princesa f. princess

principal principal, chief

príncipe m. prince

prisa f. hurry, haste; tener prisa to be in a hurry

prisionero m. prisoner

probable probable

probado p. p. of probar

probar to try, taste

probó 3 sing. pret. ind. of probar

profundamente deeply

promesa f. promise

prometer to promise

prometido p. p. prometí 1 sing. pret. ind. prometió 3 sing. pret. ind. of prometer

pronto soon; tan pronto como as soon as

propio own; same

provincia f. province

provisto (de) provided (with)

próximo next

pudiera 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of poder; si yo pudiera if I could (might)

pudieran 3 pl. imp. subj. of poder; pudieran Vds. you might be able

pudo 3 sing. pret. ind. of poder

pueblo m. village, town; people

pueda 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. puede 3 sing. pres. ind. pueden 3 pl. pres. ind. puedes 2 sing. pres. ind. puedo 1 sing. pres. ind. of poder

puerca f. pig

puerco m. pig

puerta f. door, gate

puerto m. port, harbor

pues adv. then, therefore, well; conj. for, since, as; pues bien very well, well then; pues qué well then, what then; pues que since

puesto que since

pulso m. pulse; tomar el pulso to feel the pulse

punto m. point; a punto de on the point of

puñal m. dagger

puro pure

pusieron 3 pl. pret. ind. puso 3 sing. pret. ind. of poner

Q

que rel. pro. who, that, which; lo que what, which; el que he who, the one who; la que she who, the one who

que conj. that; for; than, as; con que so then, so that; que sea let it be; que Alá los guarde may Allah protect you

qué what; how; qué tal what do you think of it; qué bien how well; pues qué what then, well then; y qué and what of that; qué tienes what's the matter with you

quedar, quedarse to remain

quedo quiet

quejido m. moan

quemaban 3 pl. imp. ind. quemado p. p. of quemar

quemar to burn; mandar quemar to order to be burned

querer to wish, want; love

quería 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. querían 3 pl. imp. ind. querido p. p. queriendo pres. p. of querer

quien, quién who; de quien whose; a quien whom

quiera 1 and 3 sing. pres. subj. quieras 2 sing. pres. subj. quiere 3 sing. pres. ind. quieres 2 sing. pres. ind. quiero 1 sing. pres. ind. of querer

quieto quiet, still

quinientos five hundred

quisiera 1 and 3 sing. imp. subj. of querer; I should like, he would like

quitar, quitarse to take away, take off, remove

quitó 3 sing. pret. ind. of quitar

R

rabia f. rage

raro rare, odd

rayo m. ray, beam

raza f. race

razonable reasonable

real m. (1/4 of a peseta or about 5 cents)

recetado p. p. of recetar

recetar to prescribe

recibido p. p. recibió 3 sing. pret. ind. of recibir

recibir to receive

recibirá 3 sing. fut. ind. of recibir

recluta m. recruit

recoger to get again, pick up

recogeré 1 sing. fut. ind. of recoger

reconocer to recognize

reconoces 2 sing. pres. ind. of reconocer

recorrer to go over, go all through

recorrió 3 sing. pret. ind. of recorrer

recuerdo m. souvenir, remembrance

referir to refer, relate, tell

refirieron 3 pl. pret. ind. refirió 3 sing pret. ind. of referir

regalar to give, present

regalo 1 sing. pres. ind. regaló 3 sing. pret. ind. of regalar

regalo m. present, gift; gratification, regalement

regla f. rule

regocijo m. rejoicing

rehusar to refuse

reloj m. clock, watch

remediar to remedy, help

remedio m. remedy, help

remendando pres. p. of remendar

remendar to mend

remozado p. p. of remozar

remozar to rejuvenate, make young again

remozarán 3 pl. fut. ind. of remozar

rendir, rendirse to surrender

replica 3 sing. pres. ind. of replicar

replicar to reply

replicó 3 sing. pret. ind. of replicar

reposaba 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. of reposar

reposar to rest, repose

reprender to reprove, reprimand

reprendió 3 sing. pret. ind. of reprender

requisito m. requisite

rescate m. ransom

resignar to resign; resignarse to be resigned

resistencia f. resistance

resoplido m. snort

responde 3 sing. pres. ind. of responder

responder to answer, reply

respondió 3 sing. pret. ind. of responder

respondiole = le respondió

respuesta f. answer, reply

retroceder to draw back

retrocedió 3 sing. pret. ind. of retroceder

reverdecen 3 pl. pres. ind. of reverdecer

reverdecer to grow green again

revuelta f. return, winding

rey m. king

rico rich; el rico the rich man

rienda f. rein

rigor m. rigor, severity; en rigor to be precise, strictly speaking

río m. river

riqueza f. wealth

robado p. p. of robar

robar to steal

roca f. rock

rodeaban 3 pl. imp. ind. of rodear

rodeado p. p. of rodear; rodeado de surrounded by

rodear to surround

rojo red

Romeo m. Romeo

rostro m. face

rotundamente roundly, positively

rudamente roughly, hard

rudo rough, hard

ruido m. noise

S

sabe 3 sing. pres. ind. saben 3 pl. pres. ind. of saber

saber to know, know how; learn

sabes 2 sing. pres. ind. sabía 1 and 3 sing. imp. ind. sabían 3 pl. imp. ind. of saber

sabido p. p. of saber; tenga sabido learn, bear in mind