INDEX

INDEX

A Abbott, Grace, 208 Addams, Jane, 324 Age: At arrival, 236-247 Limitations for naturalization, 95-96 Akron, Ohio: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Alabama: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Aliens: (See Immigrants) Cobelligerents, 257 Enemy, 260-263 Desertion, 279-281 Legal position, 5-7 Naturalization bureau support, 189-193 Reciprocal conscription, 278 Rights in United States, 6 War registration, 267-277 Allegiance: National Indelibility, 56 Oath, 137-142 Registered aliens, 267-269 America, 14-16 Immigrants’ vision of, 17 American: Attitude on naturalization, 195-196 Born abroad, 51-52 Definition, 7-16 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Types, 1 Americanism: Essentials, 14-16 Americanization: Agencies, 177-180, 305-307, 330-333 Factors, 37-39, 173 Program, 139-140 American Labor Union, 402 American Railway Union, 402 Argentine: Jus Solis, 45 Arizona: Immigrants Political privilege, 5 Arkansas: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126 Arthur, Chester A., 79 Assimilation, 38-39, 287-288 Auburn, Maine: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Austrian: Allegiance, 274-275 Classification, 287-288 Immigration, 19-20, 197, 205 Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization treaties, 56 Vote in New York City, 350, 353 Ayer’s American Newspaper Annual and Directory, 388 B Bay City, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Belgium: Immigrants, 205 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization Treaties, 56 Bennett, William S., 345-347, 355 Benton Harbor, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Bingham, George G., 311 Blair, A. Z., 345 Bohemians: In Cleveland, 287, 360 Naturalized, 206 Borchard, Edwin M., 4, 52, 56, 59, 60, 64 Boston: Naturalization Division, 89 Brazil: Naturalization treaties, 56 Breckinridge, S. P., 305 Bridgeport, Connecticut: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Briggs-Wall, Henrietta, 141 Brissenden, Paul Frederic, 406 Brooks, John Graham, viii, 8 Brownson, O. A., 378 Buchanan, Pres., 78 Bulgaria: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Bureau of Citizenship and Americanization, 180-184 Bureau of Education, 180 Bureau of Naturalization, 19, 81, 89-92, 104, 171-173, 177-193, 200-204, 225, 255, 425-428 Burmese: Naturalization, 93 Byllesby, L., 379 C Cadillac, Michigan: Women registered, 368 California: Gold discovery, 25 Campbell, Richard K., xxiii, 81, 82, 89-92, 101-105, 187, 285 Canada: Naturalization, 145 Carpenter, A. H., 72 Cases Butchers’ Benevolent Association versus Crescent City Live Stock Company, 65 Cruikshank vs. United States, 67 Fernandez vs. United States, 94 Friedl vs. United States, 99 Lopez vs. United States, 94 Minor vs. Happersett, 64 Phillips, William, 115 Pollock, John, 99 United States vs. Boovris, 115 United States vs. Brefo, 97 United States vs. Gerstein, 136 United States vs. Hill, 162 United States vs. Langtry, 97 United States vs. McMillan, 162 United States vs. Mackey, 98 United States vs. Mulcrevy, 162 United States vs. Olson, 119 United States vs. Wong Kim Ark, 49, 51 Certificate of Arrival, 109-112 Certificates of naturalization: Interval between 1st paper, 238 Interval between petition, 237 Issued 1907–1920, 201 Character: Moral, 135-137 Chicago: Municipal Voters’ League, 333-334 Naturalization division, 89 Politics, 32-33, 36 Children: Born at sea, 52-53 Factor in election, 333-334 Foreign birth, 51-52 Parentage, 84-85, 247, 301-303 Chinese: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization, 93 Cincinnati, Ohio: Good Government League, 373-374 Naturalization courts, 227 Study, 227-254 Citizens: American Children, 51 Desertion, military, 279-281 Jurisdiction, 64-68 By birth, 1 By choice, 1, 3, 7 Definition, 46-51 Citizenship: (See Naturalization) American, 1, 49-50 Immigrants Application, 231, 253 Cause, 254 Fitness of candidates, 193-195, 250 Attitude, 17, 25 Essentials, 46-49 Foreign born women, 296-334 Granted By races, 207-211, For military service, 95 Interval between arrival, 17, 31, 236-254 Legal Recognition, 65-67 Need for, 32 Sex, 62-63 Tests, 68 Claghorn, Kate Holladay, 7 Clark, John B., 212 Clarke, Frederic, 342 Clerks: Naturalization Court, 2, 161-167 Cleveland, Grover, 79 Cleveland, Ohio: Bohemians, 287 Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Study of elections, 357-365 Colonies: American Immigrants in, 69-70 Naturalization in, 70-73 Foreign born Menace of, 2-3 Colorado: Naturalization denials, 126 Communists, 377 Commons, John R., 213 Connecticut: Naturalization denials, 126 Constitution of United States, 50, 65, 69-70, 73, 123-126, 135, 144, 176, 296, 304 Cooper, Thomas, 378 Costa Rica: Naturalization treaties, 56 Country: Person without, 38, 63-64 Courts: Clerks, 161-167 Naturalization, 26-29, 87-88, 93-95, 108, 119-120, 145-147, 227 Studied, 227-254, 429-434 Crist, Raymond F., xxiii, 177, 183, 294, 299, 311 Croatians: Naturalization, 205 Czechs: Socialists, 384 D Dana, Charles A., 379 Daniels, John, 36 Danish: Immigrants, 19, 25 Naturalized, 206 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 55-56 Davenport, John I., 26, 27, 29 Declaration of Intention: Abolishment, 102-105, 417-420 Attitude of judges, 105-107, 419 Filed In other states, 247-250 Number, 201 Form, 96-98, 107, 418-419 Interval from Arrival to, 96, 236-250 To petition, 218-224 Invalid, 98-102 Suffrage through, 217-218 Time limit, 107-109, 228 Delaware: Naturalization laws, 73 Democratic, 21-23, 31 Denials: Cause, 88-100, 231, 263, 415, 432-433 Comparison, 232 By race, 233 Special, 234 By race, 234-236 Denver, Colo.: Naturalization division, 89 Department of labor, 168 Desertion: By citizenship, 279-281 Detroit, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Devoe, Emma Smith, 325 Dillingham, William P., 204 Dutch: Immigrants, 205 E Earnings: Comparison By races, 215-217 Easton, Pennsylvania: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Ecuador: Naturalization treaties, 56 Egypt: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Eliot, Charles W., 373 Ellerbe, Paul Lee, xxiv Elmira, New York: Naturalization Court, 227 Study, 227-254 Emmett, Thomas Addis, 23 Employment: Politicians’ usage of, 32 England: Naturalization in, 145 Politics, 24 English: Ability to speak, 120-123 Factor Naturalization, 253 Entry, 416 Immigrants Naturalization, 205-206 Publications, 345, 348, 422 Expatriation: Right, 54-55 F Fall River, Massachusetts: Naturalization receptions, 138-139 Filipinos: Naturalization, 94 Finnish: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Socialist, 384 Flint, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Florida: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denial, 126 Flournoy, R., 59 Foreign Legion, 273 Fosdick, Raymond B., viii France: Citizenship, 55 Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization, 145 French: Immigrants, 205 Fuller, Margaret, 379 G Galesburg, Illinois: Naturalization courts, 227 Gay, Edwin F., viii Geneva: Jus Solis, 45 German: Citizenship laws, 57-62 Immigrants Naturalization of, 205-206 Number, 22 Politics, 24-25 Immigration, 18-20, 25, 197, 205 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Press, 388 Socialist, 387-390 Vote in New York City, 352-353 Giddings, Franklin H., 9 Gillette, John M., 398 Glenn, John M., viii Godwin, Parke, 379 Gompers, Samuel, 336 Government: Land possession, 40 Relation between Federal and State, 6 Graft: In naturalization courts, 165-167 Grand Rapids, Michigan: Americanization society, 330-334 Civic interest in, 365-369 Naturalization program, 139-140 Women registered, 368 Grant U. S., 79 Great Britain: Immigrants, 18, 19 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 56-57 Greeks: Expatriation rights, 54 Immigration, 197 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Greeley, Horace, 379 H Haiti: Naturalization treaties, 56 Hamilton, Alexander, 70 Harrison, Benjamin, 79 Harrison, J. B., 343 Hart, Hornell, xxiii Hawaiians: Naturalization, 93 Hawkins, L. H., xxiii Hawthorne, Nathan, 379 Hearst, William R., 355 Higgins, A. Pearce, 59 Holmes, Edith Knight, 326 Honduras: Naturalization, 56 Hung, Gaillard, 81 Hungarians: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Socialists, 384 I Illinois: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denials, 126 Immigrants (see Aliens): Naturalized Aid, 32 Attitude, 3-5 Cause of immigration, 18-21 Interval between arrival and citizenship, 17 New, 197-224, 233-254 Number, 19-20 Old, 197-224, 233-254 Proportion of all foreign born, 2 Vision of America, 17 Vote, 335-376 Unnaturalized Refusal to submit to injustice, 7 Immigration: Rights, 44-45 To America, 43-44 Cause, 18, 25-30 Distribution By years, 22 Variation, 17-20 Indiana: Comparison—declarations to petitions, 222 Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126 Industrial Workers of the World, 403-409 International Working Peoples Association, 402 Iowa: Naturalization denials, 126 Iowa City, Iowa: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Irish: Immigrants, 18, 21, 25, 197 Naturalized, 206 Number, 22 Politics, 21-24 Vote in New York City, 352-353 Italian: Citizenship rights, 55 Immigrants, 19-20, 197, 231 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization petitioners, 124 Socialist, 384 Vote Cleveland, 357-365 New York City, 352-353 Ithaca, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 J Jackson, Michigan: Women registrants, 368 Japanese: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Naturalization, 93 Jefferson, Thomas, 75, 78 Jenks, J. W., 343 Jennings, R. L., 379 Jews: Socialist, 384, 390-391 Vote in Cleveland, 358 Johnson, Andrew, 78 Johnstone, Lucy B., 325 Judges: Attitudes Denials, 129-133 Derivative voters, 315-317 Examiners, 170-171 Naturalization, 29, 105-107, 113, 120-123, 158-161, 174-177, 283-285, 411-412, 419 Naturalization Ceremonies, 137-138, 423-425 Personal equation, 147-158 Jugoslavs: Vote in Cleveland, 358 Jurisdiction: Of citizens, 64-68 Jus Sanguinis, 42, 44-45 Jus Solis, 42, 44-45 K Kalamazoo, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Kansas: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Naturalization denial, 126 Kentucky: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denials, 126 Kohs, S. C., xxiii L Labor: Vote, 335-339 Language: Naturalization Factor, 214-215 Lansing, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Laws: Aliens, 5-7 Blood, 42, 44-45 Naturalization, 30, 70-88 Amendment to, 132 Soil, 42, 44-45 Legal: Rights of aliens, 5-7 Legislation: Immigrant suffrage, 5 Naturalization law, 50, 69-88, 132, 144-145, 181-186, 259-261 Letts: Socialists, 384 Lincoln, Abraham, 78 Lipsky, Abram, 348, 357 Lithuanian: Socialist, 384 Lowell, James Russell, 379 Luxemburg: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 M Madison, James, 73, 78 Magyar: Vote in Cleveland, 360 Mariners: Naturalization of, 77 Maryland: Naturalization laws, 73 Massachusetts: Naturalization denials, 126 Naturalization law, 73 Meeker, Jacob, 262 Melting Pot: Test of, 281-282 Michigan: Immigrants Naturalization denials, 126 Political privileges, 5, 217 Middletown, Connecticut: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Military Service: Naturalization through, 93, 255-295 Mineola, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254. Missouri: Immigrants Naturalization denials, 126 Suffrage, 5, 217 Moley, Raymond, xxiii-xxiv Monaco: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Montana: Naturalization denials, 126 Moravian: Naturalized, 206 Morris, Oliver S., 397 Munro, William Bennett, 33, 375 Muskegon, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Myers, Gustavus, 23-24 MC McCook, J. J., 343 McKinley, President, 77 N Nationality, 40 Denial, 53-54 National Labor Union, 402 Naturalization: Aid, 32 Attitude United States Presidents, 78 Comparison All foreign born, 2 First to second papers, 218-224 New and old immigrants, 204-217 Court clerks, 161-167 Declaration of intention, 98-105 Denials, 120-137, 415 Derivation, 302-303 Factors, 214-224 Educational test, 173-177 Military service, 255-295 Fees, 190 Frauds, 25-30, 265-267 Intervals, 236-243 Law, 30, 69-88 Operation, 89-142 Personal equation in, 143-196 Petitioners, 225-254 Women, 309-311 Process, 1, 21, 31, 199-202, 420-422 Requirements, 83-88, 120-123, 410-412, 416 Restriction, 92-96 Service, 167-173, 185-189, 200, 202 Nearing, Scott, 289 Nebraska: Immigrants Political privilege, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126 Netherlands: Right to renounce citizenship, 55 New Brunswick, New Jersey: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 New Hampshire: Naturalization denials, 93 New Jersey: Naturalization cases, 92-100 Naturalization denials, 126 New Mexico: Naturalization denials, 126 New York: Assembly, 29, 401 Immigration commissioner, 164 Naturalization laws, 71, 73 New York City: Delays in naturalization courts, 163 Foreign-born vote, 347-354 Merchants Association, 413 Naturalization in, 20 Courts, 227 Study, 227-254, Division offices, 89 Nicaragua: Naturalization treaties, 56 Nonpartisan League, 397-401 North Carolina: Declaration of intention cases, 97 Naturalization denials, 126 North Dakota: Immigrants Political privilege, 5 Norwegians: Immigrants, 19, 25 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 56 Naturalized, 206 Norwich, Connecticut: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 O Occupation: Petitioners, 250-252, 434 Oregon: Alien suffrage, 5, 217 Naturalization denials, 126 Organization of Brewery Workers and Miners, 402 Owen, Robert, 378 P Paterson, New Jersey: Naturalization courts, 227 Study, 227-254 Pennsylvania: Naturalization laws, 70 Declaration of intention cases, 97 Persia: Jus Sanguinis, 44 “Personal equation” In naturalization, 143-196 Peru: Naturalization treaties, 56 Petitioners: Naturalization Married, 247, 304 Statistics on, 225-254, 429-434 Types, 289-291 Petitions: Naturalization Compared with declaration of intention, 218-224 Examination of, 225-254 Filed, 201 Philadelphia: Naturalization division, 89 Piggott, F. I., 47 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania: Naturalization division, 89 Pleydell, A. C., 374 Polish: Vote in Cleveland, 358 Political: Admission, 1 Americanization, 37-39 Clubs, 33-37 Corruption, 2, 24-25, 341-345 Frauds, 29 Immigrant influence, 339-340 Indifference, 320 Interest In England, 24 Issue, 23 Participation Immigrants, 2-3, 21-25, 296-334, 335-376 Parties, 21-25, 31, 354, 377, 380-391, 393 Rights, 5 Political society: Roots of, 42-43 Politicians: Interest in humanity, 33-35 Interest in immigrants, 31-33 Labor vote, 335 Population: Foreign born, 2 Grand Rapids, Michigan, 367 Increase, 5 Port Huron, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Portland, Oregon: Naturalization courts, 227 Study, 227-254 Porto Ricans: Naturalization, 94 Portuguese: Immigrants, 198 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 56 Presidents of United States: Naturalization discussion, 77-80 Progressive, 354 Publications: English Better Times, 422 Outlook, 345 Popular Science, 348 German, 388 Socialist Appeal to Reason, 381 Foreign language, 381 Milwaukee Leader, 380 National Rip-Saw, 381 New York Call, 380 Purdy, Milton D., 81 R Race: Comparison Old and new, 204-217 Distribution By age at arrival, 244-247 By citizenship, 228-232 By denials, 223-236 Interval comparisons, 236-241, 243 Naturalization restrictions, 92-96, 264-265 Radicalism: Movement Foreign born, 377-409 Registration (War), 267-273 Republican: German, 24-25 Residence: Factor Earning power, 215-217 Naturalization, 124-126, 126-135, 208-214 Stability, 247-250 Rhode Island: Naturalization denials, 126 Ripley, George, 379 Robinson, Helen Ring, 326 Rochester, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Rome: Classification of alien, 4 Romen, A., 59 Roosevelt, Theodore, viii, 80 Ross, Edward A., 212 Rumanian: Immigrants, 197 Jus Sanguinis, 44 Russians: Expatriation rights, 54 Immigrants, 19-20, 197, 231 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Vote in New York City, 352-353 S St. Louis, Missouri: Naturalization division offices, 89, 107 St. Paul, Minnesota: Naturalization division, offices, 89 Saginaw, Michigan: Women registrants, 368 Sailors: Naturalization, 77, 228 Salvador: Naturalization treaties, 56 San Francisco, California: Naturalization division offices, 89 Scandinavian: Immigrants, 197, 205 Socialist, 384 Schools, Public: Citizenship enrollment, 321-323 Factor in reaching women, 328-329 Relation with Bureau of Naturalization, 204 Scotch: Naturalized, 206 Seattle, Washington: Naturalization, 227 Court Study, 227-254 Division, 89 Serbian: Jus Sanguinis, 44 Right to renounce citizenship, 55 Seward, William H., 25 Sex: Citizenship relation, 62-63 Single Tax, 377, 393 Skidmore, Thomas, 379 Slavs: Socialist, 384 Slovaks: Socialist, 384 Socialism: Definition, 379-380 History, 401-402 Influence, German, 387-390 Influence, Jewish, 390-391 Members, 381-382 Press, 380-381 Racial composites, 383-385 Vote, 385-387 War effects, 391-393 Work with labor, 402 Social workers, 195 Soldiers: Alien, 257 Naturalization of, 5, 217 South Carolina: Naturalization denials, 126 Naturalization laws, 70 South Dakota: Immigrants (Unnaturalized) Political privilege, 5, 217 Sovereigns of industry, 402 Spanish: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Speek, Peter A., 395 Stokes, Elizabeth King, xxiv Sturges, Merton A., 422-425 Suffrage: Alien, 5, 217-218 Rights In American colonies, 73 Women, 303-304, 314-315 Swedish: Immigrants, 19, 25 Naturalization, 205-206 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Naturalization treaties, 56 Switzerland: Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 Right to renounce citizenship, 55 Syria: Naturalization of, 205 T Taylor, Graham, 371 Texas: Immigrants Political privileges, 5, 217 Thiesing, I. H., 59 Thompson, F. B., 193 Traverse City, Michigan: Women registered, 368 Troy, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Turkey: Expatriation rights Denial, 54 Jus Sanguinis, 45 Jus Solis, 45 U United States Census, 288 United States Department of War: Report of, 256, 267-269, 271-276, 278-280, 282, 285 United States Immigration Commission, 207-209, 211, 215-216, 220 Uruguay: Naturalization treaties, 55 Utah: Naturalization denials, 126 V Van Buren, Martin, 70 Van Deusen, A. C., 81 Vermont: Naturalization denials, 126 Virginia: Naturalization laws, 71-73 Voll, John A., viii Votes: Foreign born, 33 Action of, 335-376 Derivative, 302, 317-318 Influence on politics, 2 Socialist, 385-387 W Warne, Frank J., 18, 19, 20 Wars: Civil, 15, 20, 76 Mexican, 16 Revolutionary, 15 Spanish, 16, 92 World, 6, 13, 14, 16, 32, 40, 61, 68, 177, 195, 227, 255, 299, 354, 384, 391-393 1812, 15, 57, 76 Washington, D. C.: Naturalization division, 89 Washington, George, 73 Waterman, T. T., xxiii Weatherly, Ulysses G., 11, 13, 286 Weiss, Andrew, 47 Welsh: Naturalized, 206 Whitehouse, Visa Boardman, 325 White Plains, New York: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Williams, Talcott, viii Wilson, William B., 183 Wisconsin: Comparison of declaration to petitions, 223 Naturalization denial, 126 Wise, I. M., 375 Witness: Deposition, 133-135 Incompetent, 126-133 Women: Citizenship, 62-63 Foreign born In politics, 296-334 Registered in Michigan, 368 Without country, 38, 63, 64 Worcester, Massachusetts: Naturalization court, 227 Study, 227-254 Working Men’s Party, 402

THE END