Part 5 — INDEX

Abbeokuta, 199

Abderrahman ben Abdallah ben Imran ben Amir Es-Sa’di, 130

Abir, see Congo State

Aborigines Protection Society, 185

Abutshi, 119

Abyssinia, see Christianity

Adamawa, 57, 61, 95, 128, 180

African Association, 28, 38

African Oil Mills Co., 79

Agoult, Comte d’, 290

Agricultural Committee, see German

Ahmed-Baba, 55, 130

Air, 53, 54

Akassa, 56, 75

Allen, Commander, 94, 103

Alvensleben, Count, 176

Amageddi, 111

Anglo-French Convention, see Treaties

-German Convention, see Treaties

-Portuguese Convention, see Treaties

Angola, 193, 241

Ansorge, Dr., 181

Anton, Dr., 344

Anversoise, see Congo State

Apis, 146

Ashanti, 14, 19, 68, 104, 135, 205, 280, 281

Assay, 76

Assinie, 204, 271

Atani, 75

Axim, 204

Baghena, 131, 132

Baghirmi, 57, 258, 259, 262

Bakundi, Lake, 111

Bakunu, 130

Ballay, Dr., 87, 114, 274

Ballot, Governor, 280

Bambarras, 53, 129, 180, 215

Bamboo-palm, 116, 117

Bambuk, 133

Bangalas, 330, 339

Banyo, 111

Baobab, 116

Barbot, 271

Barros, de, 133

Barth, Dr., 40, 44, 52, 54, 55, 59, 60, 62, 70, 71, 72, 118, 126, 131, 133, 136, 209, 214, 221

Basset, Serge, 290

Bathurst, 162

Earl, 39

Battel, Andrew, 241

Bayol, Dr., 139

Belgian policy in West Africa, 176, 307, 311, see also Congo State

Belgians in French Congo, 288, 307

on Muni River, 307, 350

Belgium, King Leopold of, see Congo State

Bello, Emir, 36, 46, 49, 50, 51, 53, 59, 150

Benin, 68, 105, 204

Berlin, Act of, see Treaties

Béthancourt, De, 239

Bilma, 42, 58, 67

Binger, Commandant, 133, 211, 220, 239, 240, 249, 271, 309

Binue, 109, 111, 113, 118, 119, 148, 211, 257

Biru, see Walata

Bismarck, 250, 317

Blyden, Dr., 130, 139, 149, 213, 214, 222, 226, 227, 245, 276

Bohn, M., 173, 247, see also French West African Co.

Bondu, 133, 180

Bonny, 79

Borgu, 9, 49, 251

Bornu, 40, 41, 43, 45, 50, 57, 58, 63, 85, 87, 113, 209, 259

Brass, 79, 80

Brazza, De, 251, 289, 293, 315-316

Bretonnet, Lieut., 259, 260

British Cotton Growing Association, 188, 189, 190

Brown, Dr. Robert, 131

Brüe, Sieur de, 134, 251, 274

Brussels, Act of, see Treaties

Burutu, 64, 75, 76, 86

Bussa, 49, 50

Butter-tree, 114, 115

Ca-de-Mosto, 133

Caix, Count Robert de, 302

Cambyses, 76

Cameroon, 14, 177, 201, 287, 308

Caravan traffic, 41, 62-65

Cardew, Sir F., 283

Cardi, Count de, 80

Cattier, M., 313, 343, 344, 350

Chad, Lake, 38, 41, 42, 43, 48, 58, 63, 67, 70, 118, 136, 256, 259, 260, 262

Chalmers, Sir David, 281, 282

Chama, 204

Chamberlain, Right Hon. Joseph, 12, 25, 59, 169, 278, see also Colonial Office

Christianity, in Abyssinia, 237

in Uganda, 227, 228, 229

in West Africa, 208-37, 256

Clapperton, 35-51, 53, 103, 126, 147, 150

Clarke, Sir Andrew, 83, 258

Clarke, Sir Marshall, 182

Clozel, M., 171, 173, 273

Codrington, Mr. Robert, 349

Colonial Office, 165, 169, 183, 184, 281, 283, see also Chamberlain

Comptoir Colonial français, 288, 336

Conakry, 20, 114, 274

Concessions régime, see French Congo

Congo State, history of, 312-326

“trade of,” 286, 343-53

taxation in, 327-29, 330, 339, 340, 347, 348

native policy of, 287, 292, 319, 328-29, 337, 345, 352

land policy, 323, 324

commercial policy of, 319, 323, 325, 330, 344, 345

traffic in arms, 351

Force publique, 329, 330

Domaine Privé, 327-42, 343, 347, 351

privileged Companies in, 330-38

Stokes’ affair, 306

Rabinek affair, 306, 344-49, see also Appendix

and Belgian Parliament, 333-334

on Tanganyika, 349

in Nile Valley, 349

slavery in, 296

influence in France, 271, 287, 288, 289, 310

Copal, see Trade in Gums

Copra, 80

Copts, see Gober

Cotton, 59, 117, 180, 181-200, see also under Trade

Cousin, M. Albert, 294

Cousturier, M., 115, 309

Crampbel, Paul, 259

Crown Agents, see Crown Colony System

Crown Colony system, 12, 13, 16, 17, 22, 31, 32, 33, 85, 87, 89, 92, 93, 184, 186, 235, 269, 281

Crowther, Bishop, 97

Currency, 60, 101

Dahomey, see under French

Dakar, 270

Daw, Mr., J. A., 170, 183

Décrais, M., 285, 291, 302

Degama, 75

Delafosse, 173, 273

Denham, 35-51

Dennett, Mr., 289, 317

Denton, Sir George, 194

Desert, the, 38, 41, 64, 70, 111, 209, 253

Dilke, Sir Charles, 276

Dobson, Archbishop, 233

Donovan, Captain, 170

Dubois, M. Félix, 131, 137, 138

Dufferin, Marquis of, 252

Dybowski, M., 259

Ebony, 117, see also Timber

Edrizi, 55

Egga, 76

Eichtal, M. d’, 132, 140

El Bekri, 55, 209

El-Haji-Omar, 129, 223, 252, 261

El-Kuti, 259

Ellis, A. B., 171

Etienne, Eugène, 250-63

Faidherbe, 143, 226, 243, 250, 252, 263

Fans, 293

Ferry, Jules, 243, 244, 249

Finances of British West Africa, 17, 18; see also Appendix

of Nigeria, 17, 89, 93; see also Appendix

Finances of Lagos, 267; see also Appendix

of Sierra Leone, 274, 275, 284; see also Appendix

of French Colonies, 266, 275; see also Appendix

Flatters, 259

Fondère, M., 294

Forcados, 204

Foreign Office, 14, 26, 303

Foureau, M., 254, 259, 261

Freeman, R. Austin, 104, 201, 271

French, exploration and discovery, 238-48

trade, 4, 5, 265-75

policy, 18, 64, 249-84

in French Guinea, 81, 111, 114, 266, 274, 275, 281-84

in Dahomey, 177, 266, 267, 268, 269

in Chad region, 64, 254, 256, 257, 259, 260-64

in Western Sudan, 196, 251, 256, 257

in Senegal, 76, 81, 266, 269, 270

in French Congo, 177, 201, 263, 285-304

in Ivory Coast, 177, 266, 270, 271, 272, 273

and British, 238-48, see also under Nigeria, French policy, and French in French Congo

West African Company, 285, see also Bohn

Frey, Colonel, 55

Fulani, origin of, 136-52

history of, 125-29, 130-135

in Yoruba, 125, 126, 135

in Hausa States, 47, 60, 85, 102, 125-30

in Gambia, 130, 134, 141

in Futa-Jallon, 128, 130, 133, 139, 140, 180

in Senegal, 127, 128, 132, 133, 134, 136, 252

in Western Sudan, 128, 147, 148, 253

in Gurma, 134

in Adamawa, 128

in Baghirmi, 262

in Congo Basin, 135

in Segu, 129

in Baghena, 131, 132, 133

in Bornu, 40, 128, 138

in Melle, 131, 132, 133

in Omdurman, 135

in Massina, 129, 134, 214

and Portuguese, 133

and British, 46-50, 152

and French, 134, 147, 148, 152, 252

and Hebrews, 145, 152

characteristics of, 47, 134, 146, 148

religion of, 55, 56, 127, 216, 254

language of, 70, 71, 72, 132

Fula, see Fulani

Fulbe, see Fulani

Fulfalde, see Fulani

Futa-Jallon, 9, 14, 20, 66, 139, 245, 274

Gaboon, 298, 299

Gambia, 19, 134, 194, 196, 197, 242, 269, 278

Gambetta, 243, 244

Gando, 57, 95

Gao, 197, 210

Geary, Sir William, 280

Générale Africaine, Société, see Congo State

Gentil, Lieut., 254, 258, 259, 260

German, trade, 4, 5, 74, 75, 193, 196, 199

agricultural committee, 23, 24, 196

Colonial advisory board, 23, 24

German Colonial Society, 29, 308

Ghana, 131

Ghanata, see Walata

Gober, 53, 54, 55, 59, 125, 129

Gold Coast, 12, 13, 18, 25, 57, 183, 194, 204, 245

Gold, see Mining Industry; also under Trade

Goldie, Sir George, 9, 39, 68, 104

Grand Bassam, 204, 273

Green, Mrs. J. R., Foreword

Gregory, Professor, 99, 179

Grogan, Mr. H. S., 178, 179, 181, 202, 349

Ground-nut, see under Trade

Guiraudon, Capt. de, 148-50

Gutta-percha, 116

Hamarua, 113

Hanno, 136, 140, 141, 142, 202

Hatton and Cookson, 300

Hausa Association, 70, 71

language, 54, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73

history, 53, 54

religion, 53, 56, 68

Hausas as manufacturers and traders, 57, 63, 67, 68, 69, 111, 117

as travellers, 57, 69, 111, 116

as soldiers, 68, 69

as slave-owners, 55, 63, 112

relations of with Fulani, 53, 55, 56, 68

Helm, Mr. E., 182

Herodotus, 35, 76

Hess, M. Jean, 290

Holt, Mr. John, 300

Horneman, 38

Houdas, M. O., 130, 132

Hourst, 22, 26

Hut-tax in Sierra Leone, see under Taxation

in French Congo, see under Taxation

Hutton, Mr. Arthur, 11, 20, 188

Hyksos, 140, 142, 143, 145, 146

Ibi, 111

Idah, 76

Igarras, 56, 118

Ilorin, 68, 96

Illushi, 76

Indigo, 117

In Salah, 65

International Congo Association, 309, 314-20

Islam in West Africa, 208-23

in Bornu, 209, 213

in Hausa States, 53, 55, 56, 101, 213, 214, 221

in Baghirmi, 215

in Kanem, 209, 210

in Gambia, 278

in Yoruba, 208

in Adamawa, 214

in Lagos, 213-15

in Sierra Leone, 213-15

in Futa-Jallon, 215

in Western Sudan, 209, 215, 216, 244, 254

in Kong, 220, 221

in French possessions, 215, 216, 278

Ivory Coast, 57, 206, 220, see also under French

Ivory, see under Trade

Jago, Consul, 64

Jalonkes, 128

Jebba, 76, 119

Johnson, Dr. O., 187

Johnston, Sir H., 70, 141, 202, 227, 228, 265, 349

Joloffs, 128, 147

Jones, Sir Alfred, 20, 188, 192, 235

Kanem, 45, 69, 209, 254, 257

Kano, 45, 46, 52, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62-67, 70, 72, 86, 111, 112, 191, 192

Kanuri, 56, 59, 70, 71, 72, 114, 128

Katamansu, battle of, 28

Katanga Co., see Congo State

Katsena, 54, 55, 59, 62, 72

Kingsley, Miss Mary, 86, 124, 141, 171, 173, 232, 235, 266, 276, 353

Koelle, the Rev., 72

Kola, 57, 116

Kontagora, 98

Kotonu, 268

Krause, the Rev., 70

Kuka, 41, 43, 48, 63

Labat, 134, 240

Labour, native, 76, 77, 170-87, 197

Ordinance in Gold Coast, 13

Lagos, 18, 19, 49, 162, 164, 186, 193, 199, 201, 204, 206, 245, 267, 268, 269

Lahou, 204, 271

Lamy, Lieut.-Colonel, 254, 259, 261

Lamy, see under Trade

Lander, Richard, 40, 41, 48, 51

Land-tenure, in West Africa, 170-87

in Sierra Leone, 278

in Ivory Coast, 171

in French Congo, 291, 292

in Congo State, see Congo State

Lansdowne, Lord, 302, 303, 310

Lau, 111

Laveran, 163

Leather-ware, 58, 59, 60

Leo Africanus, 59, 131, 137, 209

Lepsius, Professor, 143

Leucæthiopes, see Fulani

Liberia, 57, 220, 229

Liquor traffic, 179, 235

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, 20, 163, see also Ross

Logon River, 43

Lokoja, 76

Lomami, see Congo State

London School of Tropical Medicine, 20

Lucas, 38

Lugard, Sir Frederick, 9, 83, 85, 87, 88, 89, 99, 104, 127

Lyon, 38

Macdonald, Sir Claude, 11

MacGregor, Laird, 28, 94

Sir William, 19, 22, 32, 33, 162, 163, 164, 168, 170, 187, 189

Maclaud, Dr., 138

Mahogany, see under Trade (Timber)

Maistre, M., 259

Makrizi, 210

Malaria, 12, 153-69

Manatus, 55, 211

Mandara, 39

Mandingoes, 53, 128, 131, 133, 150, 195, 211

Maritime Zone, 290

Marmol, 133

Maroba, 97

Méline, M., 247

Melle, 131, 132, 195, 210

Mendis, 69, 123, 278

Merchants, British, in West Africa, 8, 22, 23, 25, 30, 238, 239, 246, 252, 257

in French Congo, 286, 291, 298-304, 306

and liquor traffic, 235

German, in West Africa, 23, 24

in French Congo, 291

French, early exploits of, 240-42

in Senegal, 81

in Ivory Coast, 81

Mille, M. Pierre, 81, 330

Mining industry, in Gold Coast, 12, 29, 182-83, see also Appendix

in Ivory Coast, 270-71

Misahöhe, 196

Missionaries, see Christianity

Mitchi, 118

Mohammed-el-Kanemy, 45, 51

Mohammed Lebo, 129

Mohammedans, see Islam

Moloney, Sir Alfred, 203

Mongolia, atrocities in, see Congo States

Monopoly, see Congo State and French in French Congo

Monteil, Lieut.-Colonel, 57, 59, 70, 96, 118, 251

Moor, Sir Ralph, 90

Moore, Francis, 130, 147

Mosis, 9, 131, 251

Mosquitoes, see Malaria

Muni River, 307, 350

Murzuk, 38, 41, 42

Nachtigal, 118

Nathan, Sir Matthew, see Appendix

National African Company, see Niger Company

Natron, 58, 61

Navarette, 239

New Calabar, 79

N’Gaundere, 111

Niger Coast Protectorate, see Nigeria

Niger Company, 9, 67, 75, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 111, 112, 118

Niger, see Nigeria

Nigeria, discovery of Northern, 35-51

inhabitants of, 84, 180

trade of, 59, 60-66, 84, 91-93

finances of, 89, 93

administration of, 18, 19, 83-88, 255, 257, 258

forest ordinances in, 184-87

national industry in, 74, 82

and the French, 66, 85

Nikki, 9

Northcott, Lieut.-Colonel, 107, 108

Nupe, 50, 58, 61, 68, 95, 97, 104

Ogowe, 293, 299, 303

Ogute Lake, 75

Old Calabar, 79

Onitsha, 75

Orashe River, 75

Osogbo, 126, 135

Othman Fodio, 45, 53, 55, 57, 125, 126, 129, 222

Oudney, Dr., 35-51

Overweg, 70

Palm-oil industry, in Southern Nigeria, 74-82, 110

in Dahomey, 268

in Lagos, 67, 268

in Sierra Leone, 123, see also under Trade

-kernels industry, in Southern Nigeria, 76

in Dahomey, 268, see also under Trade

in Lagos, 268

Park, Mungo, 36, 37, 150

Paw-paw, 114, 115, 116

Peddie, Major, 37

Peuhl, see Fulani

Pickersgill, Consul, 317

Pilcher, Lieut.-Colonel, 69

Pliny, 35

Polygamy, see Islam

Porto Novo, 268

Portugal and the Congo

and the Fulani, see Fulani

and Great Britain, see Treaties

Portuguese discoveries in West Africa, 239, 240, 259

Church in West Africa, 216, 217, 218

Potash, 118

Prempreh, 26, 280

Prince Henry the Navigator, 240

Ptolemy, 141

Punitive expeditions, 19, 87, 98, 279

Puttkamer, Herr von, 96

Quadriyah, 219, 220

Rabba, 50

Rabah, 63, 64, 256, 258, 259, 261, 262

Rabinek, see under Congo State

Racka, 48, 49, 50

Railways, in British West Africa, 12, 18, 22, 32, 193, 267, 284, see also Appendix

in French Guinea, 20, 32, 66, 274, see also Appendix

in Dahomey, 66, 267, see also Appendix

in Senegal, 270, see also Appendix

in Northern Nigeria, 8, 66, see also Appendix

Matadi, Stanley Pool, 37, 69, 287, 348, see also Appendix

Reclus, Élisée, 118

Religion, see Christianity and Islam

Richardson, James, 55, 70, 96

Rev. J., 86

Ripon, Marquis of, 12

Ritchie, 38

“Rivers,” the, see Nigeria

Robinson, John A., 70

Canon, 54, 70, 71, 72, 231

Rollit, Sir Albert, 318, 323

Ross, Major R., 20, 152-69

Roume, M., 196

Rubber, in Nigeria, 67, 110, 119-24

in French Congo, 298

in Lagos, 82, 123

Rubber, in Congo State, see Congo State

Russell, Lord John, 94, 103

Sahara, see Desert

Salisbury, Lord, 252, 253, 297, 303

Salmon, C. S., 20, 170

Salt, 58, 62, 167

Samory, 256, 261

Sandford, General, 316

Sangha, 57, 293

Sanitation, 153-69

Sapelli, 117, 204

Sarbah, 171, 184

Schön, 70, 71

Schurz, 98

Sekondi, 204

Senegal, 25, 82, 132, 197, 243, 252, 269, 270, see also under French

Senussi, 64, 257

Sette Camma, 299

Shari, 43, 44, 45, 57, 63, 215, 258, 259, 261

Shea-butter, 113

Sherbro, 82

Shongo, 76

Shuwa, 75, 180, 254, 262

Sierra Leone, 14, 18, 19, 27, 28, 74, 82, 164, 194, 201, 242, 245, 252, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279

Silver, 118

Slavery, in West Africa, 100, 218

over-sea, 228, 255, 297, 298

domestic, 94-109

in Sierra Leone, 283

in Northern Territories of the Gold Coast, 107, 108

in Nupe and Ilorin, 109

in Congo State, 296, see also Congo State

the “New Slavery,” 177, 307, see also Congo State

Slave-raiding, 87, 94-109, 171, 219, 319

Slaves, “White Slaves of England,” 107

Sokoto, treaties with, see under Treaties

under Bello, 41, 45, 47, 49, 50, 126, see also under Fulani

Songhays, 53, 55, 56, 131, 197, 209, 210, 211, 253, 236

Soninkes, 211

Stanley, Sir H. M., 297, 312, 315, 319, 321, 337

Stewart, Captain Donald, 281

Stokes, see under Congo State

Strachan, Dr., 163

Strachir, Monsignor, 227

Strauch, Colonel, 315

Susus, 278, 279

Tanganyika, 349

Tarik, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 209, 211, 214

Taxation, in Sierra Leone, 14, 18, 27, 82, 135, 277, 278, 281, 284

in Lagos, 269

in Dahomey, 269, 279, 280

in Ashanti, 279-81

in Gambia, 280

in French Guinea, 274, 277, 278, 281-84

in Congo State, see Congo State

in French Congo, 293, 295, 301

in Hausa States, 127

direct in West Africa, 280

Terrier, Auguste, 262, 302

Thomson, Joseph, 9, 39, 56, 58, 95, 97, 118, 126, 211, 221

Thys, Colonel, 37, 288, 325, 348

Tibati, 111

Tijaniyah, 129, 219

Timber, see under Trade

Timbo, 139

Timbuctoo, 38, 59, 65, 128, 131, 210, 253

Tin, 118

Togoland, 193, 196, 199

Trade, British trade with British West Africa, 2, 3, 4

French West Africa, 4, 5, 6, 297

German West Africa, 4, 5

Portuguese West Africa, 4, 5

Congo State, 297

of Gambia, 4, 194

Gold Coast, 4, see also Appendix

Lagos, 4, 267-69, see also Appendix

Sierra Leone, 284, see also Appendix

of Kano, 60, 61, 62, 65

of Nigeria, 4, 74-82, 91-93

of French possessions, 265-75

of Congo State, 286, 343-53

early in West Africa, 238-48

in ivory, 38, 61, 67, 118, 202, 203, 271, 272, 298

in Gold, 38, 63, 118, 202, 203, 271, see also Mining Industry and Appendix

in ostrich-feathers, 38

in kola, 57, 116

in benni-seed, 117

in skins, 38, 63

in “lamy,” 115

in timber, 117, 201-207, 271, 272, 298, see also Appendix

in bees-wax, 67

in gums, 67, 112

in shea-butter, 113, 114

in cottons, 59, 67, 111, 269

in palm-oil, 74-82, 110, 268, 272, 298

in palm-kernels, 74-82, 268, 272

in ground-nuts, 76, 81, 194, 269, 270

in rubber, 67, 82, 110, 111, 119-124, 298, 299

piassava, 117

Treaties, Anglo-French, 24, 67, 246, 247

Anglo-German, 111

Anglo-Portuguese, 316, 318, 319

Franco-German, 111

with Fulani Emirs (Sokoto), 9, 85, 86, 95, 97, 257-58

Berlin Act, 177, 297, 299, 300, 301, 303, 306, 307, 308, 314, 318, 319, 321, 323, 343, 344, 345

Brussels Act, 303, 323, 324, 325

of Vienna, 243

Trentinian, Général de, 196

Tripoli, 33, 41, 42, 58, 62, 63, 64, 65, 213

Trotter, Captain, 94, 103

Tuareg, 53, 56, 58, 71, 85, 128, 253, 260

Tuckey, Captain, 37

Tugwell, Bishop, 86

Tukulors, 129, 131, 253, 254

Twin Rivers, 204

Ubanghi, 57, 215, 262

Uganda, 181, 227

United States, 200, 204, 309, 310, 316, 318

Unyoro, 179

Verneau, Dr., 138

Viera, 239

Villadestes, 132

Villaut de Bellefonds, 240

Vohsen, Consul, 308

Volta, 193

Wadai, 57, 64, 254, 257, 263

Wahuma, 144, 180

Wa-Kavirondo, 181

Walata, 131, 133, 134, 137, 209, 210

Waldeck-Rousseau, 244, 285

Washington, Booker T., 199

Wauters, A. J., 312

West African Frontier Force, 86

Western Sudan, 35, 129, 130, 147, 209, 210, 272

Winterbottom, 147

Woermann, 197

Yola, 111, 119

Yoruba, 193

Za Dynasty, 209

Za-Kasai, 209, 210

Zaky, see Othman Fodio

Zanfara, 55

Zaria, 57

Zeg-Zeg, 54, 55

Zimmerman, Dr. A., 175

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