Part 2 — SECOND COURSE.

Verbs.

The Auxiliary Verbs.

1. Ter and Haver, to have.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. ter or haver, to have.

Past. ter tido — ter havido, to have had.

Gerund. tendo — havendo, having.

Participles. tido, tida — havido, havida, had.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu tenho or hei, I have

tu tens — has, thou hast

elle or ella tem — ha, he or she has

nós temos — havemos or hemos, we have

vós tendes — haveis, you have

elles or ellas tem — hão, they have.

Imperfect.

tinha or havia, I had

tinhas — havias, thou hadst

tinha — havia, he had

tinhamos — haviamos, we had

tinheis — havieis, you had

tinhão — havião, they had.

Past definite.

tive or houve, I have had

tiveste — houveste, thou hast had

teve — houve, he has had

tivemos — houvemos we have had

tivestes — houvestes, you have had

tiverão — houverão, they have had.

Past indefinite.

tenho tido or tenho havido, I have had.

tens tido — tens havido,

tem tido — tem havido,

temos tido — temos havido,

tendes tido — tendes havido,

tem tido — tem havido,

Past anterior.

tivera or houvera, I had had

tiveras — houveras, thou hadst had

tivera — houvera, he had had

tiveramos — houveramos, we had had

tivereis — houvereis, you had had

tiverão — houverão, they had had.

Pluperfect.

tinha tido or tinha havido, I had had

tinhas tido — tinhas havido, thou hadst had

tinha tido — tinha havido, he had had

tinhamos tido — tinhamos havido, we had had

tinheis tido — tinheis havido, you had had

tinhão tido — tinhão havido, they had had.

Future.

terei or haverei, I shall have

terás — haverás, thou shalt have

terá — haverá, he shall have

teremos — haveremos, we shall have

tereis — havereis, you shall have

terão — haverão, they shall have.

Compound Future anterior.

hei de ter or hei de haver, I shall (must, will) have.

has de ter — has de haver,

ha de ter — ha de haver,

havemos de ter — havemos de haver,

haveis de ter — haveis de haver,

hão de ter — hão de haver,

Future past.

terei tido or terei havido, I shall have had

terás tido — terás havido, thou shalt have had

terá tido — terá havido, he shall have had

teremos tido — teremos havido, we shall have had

tereis tido — tereis havido, you shall have had

terão tido — terão havido, they shall have had.

Conditional.

teria or haveria, I should have

terias — haverias, thou shouldst have

teria — haveria, he should have

teriamos — haveriamos, we should have

terieis — haverieis, you should have

terião — haverião, they should have.

Conditional past.

teria tido or teria havido, I should have had.

terias tido — terias havido,

teria tido — teria havido,

teriamos tido — teriamos havido,

terieis tido — terieis havido,

terião tido — terião havido,

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que tenha or haja, that I may have

tenhas — hajas, that thou mayest have

tenha — haja, that he may have

tenhamos — hajamos, that we may have

tenhais — hajais, that you may have

tenhão — hajão, that they may have.

Imperfect.

que tivéra or houvéra, that I might have

tivéras — houvéras, that thou mightst have

tivéra — houvéra, that he might have

tivéramos — houvéramos, that we might have

tivéreis — houvéreis, that you might have

tivérão — houvérão, that they might have.

Past definite.

que tivesse or houvesse, that I may have had

tivesses — houvesses, that thou mayest have had

tivesse — houvesse, that he may have had

tivessemos — houvessemos, that we may have had

tivesseis — houvesseis, that you may have had

tivessem — houvessem, that they may have had.

Past indefinite.

que tenha tido or tenha havido, that I may have had

tenhas tido — tenhas havido, that thou mayest have had

tenha tido — tenha havido, that he may have had

tenhamos tido — tenhamos havido, that we may have had

tenhais tido — tenhais havido, that you may have had

tenhão tido — tenhão havido, that they may have had.

Pluperfect.

que tivesse tido or tivesse havido, that I might have had

tivesses tido — tivesses havido, that thou mightst have had

tivesse tido — tivesse havido, that he might have had

tivessemos tido — tivessemos havido, that we might have had

tivesseis tido — tivesseis havido, that you might have had

tivessem tido — tivessem havido, that they might have had.

Simple Future.

quando eu tiver or eu houver, when I shall have

tu tiveres — tu houveres, when thou shalt have

elle tiver — elle houver, when he shall have

nos tivermos — nos houvermos, when we shall have

vos tiverdes — vos houverdes, when you shall have

elles tiverem — elles houverem, when they shall have.

Compound Future.

que haja de ter or haja de haver, that I shall have

hajas de ter — hajas de haver, that thou shalt have

haja de ter — haja de haver, that he shall have

hajamos de ter — hajamos de haver, that we shall have

hajais de ter — hajais de haver, that you shall have

hajão de ter — hajão de haver, that they shall have.

Future past.

quando (se) eu tiver tido or tiver havido, when I shall have had

tu tiveres tido — tiveres havido, when thou shalt have had

elle tiver tido — tiver havido, when he shall have had

nos tivermos tido — tivermos havido, when we shall have had

vos tiverdes tido — tiverdes havido, when you shall have had

elles tiverem tido — tiverem havido, when they shall have had.

Imperative.

First Person: wanting.

tem tu or hajas tu, have thou

tenha elle — haja elle (ella), let him (her) have

tenhamos nós — hajamos nós, let us have

tende vós — havei vós, have ye

tenhão elles — hajão elles (ellas), let them have.

Obs. All Verbs composed of ter, are conjugated like it, as: conter, deter, manter, obter, reter etc.

2.

Examples.

Tenho pão[439]. Tens carne[440]. Elle tem vinho[441]. Tinhamos ameixas[442]. Eu tive morangos[443]. Elle teve uma laranja[444]. Tivemos framboezas[445]. Elles tiverão figos[446]. Hei de ter groselhas[447]. Meu irmão[448] ha de ter nozes[449]. Minhas irmãas[450] hão de ter nesperas[451]. Eu teria vacca[452]. Meu amigo[453] teria vitella[454]. Tereis assado[455]. Elles terião presunto[456]. Tenha elle pastel[457]. Tenhão elles ovos[458]. Tenhamos bolo[459]. Tende vós salada[460]. Que eu tivesse pimenta[461]. Que tu tivesses vinagre[462]. Que elle tivesse azeite[463]. Que nós tivessemos mostarda[464]. Que vós tivesseis assucar[465]. Que elles tivessem especiarias[466].

3.

Exercises.

I have beer[467]. Thou hast fruit[468]. He has apples[469]. We have a pear[470]. You have peaches[471]. They have cherries[472]. I had grapes[473]. Thou hadst almonds[474]. He had mulberries[475]. We had an apricot[476]. You had cheese[477]. They had milk[478]. I shall have hazelnuts[479]. My brother will have butter[480]. We shall have chestnuts[481]. You will have a lemon[482]. Our gardener[483] will have celery[484]. I would have cake. Thou wouldst have salad. He would have onions[485]. Our game keeper[486] would have venison[487]. We would have sour cherries[488]. You would have raisins[489]. Our cooks[490] would have olives[491]. That our friends[492] have a rosetree[493]. That we have a myrtle[494]. That you have an apricot-tree[495]. That our sisters have a bouquet[496]. That I had cream[497]. That thou hadst salt[498]. That he had coffee[499]. That we had tea[500]. That she had chocolate[501]. Have courage[502]. He may have a book[503]. Let us have patience[504]. Have a watermelon[505]. Let them have a melon[506].

4.

Examples.

Tenho por ventura[507] uma faca[508]? Tens tu um garfo[509]? Tendes vós guardanapos[510]? Tem elles uma toalha[511]? Tinha eu um prato[512]? Tem ella um copo[513]? Temos nós copos? Tendes vós ouro[514]? Tem elles prata[515]? Tinha eu uma colher[516]? Tinhamos nós uma garrafa[517]? Tinhão elles ferro[518]? Tive eu aço[519]? Tivestes vós chumbo[520]? Terei eu papel[521]? Terás tu pennas[522]? Vosso amigo terá o seu canivete[523]? Teremos nós livros? Tereis vós tinta[524]? Suas irmãas, terão uma casa[525]? Teria eu uma flor[526]? Tereis vós um jardim[527]?

5.

Exercises.

Have I by accident a chamber[528]? Hast thou a castle[529]? Has he a tree[530]? Have we money[531]? Are you (have you) thirsty[532]? Have thy friends a sword? Had I an opportunity[533]? Hadst thou a razor[534]? Had you a horse[535]? Had you permission[536]? Would I have a tankard[537]? Would she have a cat[538]? Would we have a goat[539]? Would you have a cow[540]? Would they have an ox[541]? Would I have had a mule[542]? Wouldst thou have had a dog[543]?

6. Conjugation of the Verbs “ser” and “estar”, to be.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. ser or estar, to be.

Past. ter sido — ter estado, to have been.

Gerund. sendo — estando, being.

Participles. sido, sida — estado, estada, been.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu sou or estou, I am

tu es — estás, thou art

elle (ella) he — está, he (she) is

nós somos — estamos, we are

vós sois — estais, you are

elles (ellas) são — estão, they are.

Imperfect.

era or estava, I was

eras — estavas, thou wast

era — estava, he was

eramos — estavamos, we were

ereis — estaveis, you were

erão — estavão, they were.

Past definite.

fui or estive, I have been

foste — estiveste, thou hast been

foi — esteve, he has been

fomos — estivemos, we have been

fostes — estivestes, you have been

forão — estiverão, they have been.

Past indefinite.

tenho sido or tenho estado, I have been

tens sido — tens estado, thou hast been

tem sido — tem estado, he has been

temos sido — temos estado, we have been

tendes sido — tendes estado, you have been

tem sido — tem estado, they have been.

Past anterior.

fora or estivera, I had been

foras — estiveras, thou hadst been

fora — estivera, he had been

foramos — estiveramos, we had been

foreis — estivereis, you had been

forão — estiverão, they had been.

Pluperfect.

tinha sido or tinha estado, I had been

tinhas sido — tinhas estado, thou hadst been

tinha sido — tinha estado, he had been

tinhamos sido — tinhamos estado, we had been

tinheis sido — tinheis estado, you had been

tinhão sido — tinhão estado, they had been.

Future.

serei or estarei, I shall be

serás — estarás, thou shalt be

será — estará, he shall be

seremos — estaremos, we shall be

sereis — estareis, you shall be

serão — estarão, they shall be.

Future anterior.

hei de ser or hei de estar, I shall be

has de ser — has de estar, thou shalt be

ha de ser — ha de estar, he shall be

havemos de ser — havemos de estar, we shall be

haveis de ser — haveis de estar, you shall be

hão de ser — hão de estar, they shall be.

Future past.

terei sido or terei estado, I shall have been

terás sido — terás estado, thou shalt have been

terá sido — terá estado, he shall have been

teremos sido — teremos estado, we shall have been

tereis sido — tereis estado, you shall have been

terão sido — terão estado, they shall have been.

Conditional.

seria or estaria, I should be

serias — estarias, thou shouldst be

seria — estaria, he should be

seriamos — estariamos, we should be

serieis — estarieis, you should be

serião — estarião, they should be.

Conditional past.

teria sido or teria estado, I should have been

terias sido — terias estado, thou shouldst have been

teria sido — teria estado, he should have been

teriamos sido — teriamos estado, we should have been

terieis sido — terieis estado, you should have been

terião sido — terião estado, they should have been.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que seja or esteja, that I may be

sejas — estejas, that thou mayest be

seja — esteja, that he may be

sejamos — estejamos, that we may be

sejais — estejais, that you may be

sejão — estejão, that they may be.

Imperfect.

que fora or estivera, that I might be

foras — estiveras, that thou mightst be

fora — estivera, that he might be

foramos — estiveramos, that we might be

foreis — estivereis, that you might be

forão — estiverão, that they might be.

Past definite.

que fosse or estivesse, that I may have been

fosses — estivesses, that thou mayest have been

fosse — estivesse, that he may have been

fossemos — estivessemos, that we may have been

fosseis — estivesseis, that you may have been

fossem — estivessem, that they may have been.

Past indefinite.

que tenha sido or tenha estado, that I may have been

tenhas sido — tenhas estado, that thou mayest have been

tenha sido — tenha estado, that he may have been

tenhamos sido — tenhamos estado, that we may have been

tenhais sido — tenhais estado, that you may have been

tenhão sido — tenhão estado, that they may have been.

Pluperfect.

que tivesse sido or tivesse estado, that I might have been

tivesses sido — tivesses estado, that thou mightst have been

tivesse sido — tivesse estado, that he might have been

tivessemos sido — tivessemos estado, that we might have been

tivesseis sido — tivesseis estado, that you might have been

tivessem sido — tivessem estado, that they might have been.

Simple Future.

que for or estiver, that I shall be

fores — estiveres, that thou shalt be

for — estiver, that he shall be

formos — estivermos, that we shall be

fordes — estiverdes, that you shall be

forem — estiverem, that they shall be.

Compound Future.

que haja de ser or haja de estar, that I shall be.

hajas de ser — hajas de estar,

haja de ser — haja de estar,

hajamos de ser — hajamos de estar,

hajais de ser — hajais de estar,

hajão de ser — hajão de estar

Future past.

quando tiver sido or tiver estado, when I shall have been

tiveres sido — tiveres estado, when thou shalt have been

tiver sido — tiver estado, when he shall have been

tivermos sido — tivermos estado, when we shall have been

tiverdes sido — tiverdes estado, when you shall have been

tiverem sido — tiverem estado, when they shall have been.

Imperative.

sê tu or está tu, be thou

seja elle — esteja elle, let him be

sejamos nós — estejamos nós, let us be

sede vós — estai vós, be ye

sejão elles — estejão elles, let them be.

7. The Regular Verbs.

Active Verbs.

FIRST CONJUGATION.

Amar, to love.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. amar, to love.

Perfect. ter amado, to have loved.

Gerund. amando, loving.

Participles. amado, amada, loved.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

amo, I love

amas, thou lovest

ama, he loves

amamos, we love

amais, you love

amão, they love.

Imperfect.

amava, I loved

amavas, thou lovest

amava, he loved

amávamos, we loved

amaveis, you loved

amavão, they loved.

Past definite.

amei, I have loved

amaste, thou hast loved

amou, he has loved

amámos, we have loved

amastes, you have loved

amárão, they have loved.

Past indefinite.

tenho amado, I have loved

tens amado, thou hast loved

tem amado, he has loved

temos amado, we have loved

tendes amado, you have loved

tem amado, they have loved.

Past anterior.

amára, I had loved

amáras, thou hadst loved

amára, he had loved

amáramos, we had loved

amáreis, you had loved

amárão, they had loved.

Pluperfect.

tinha amado, I had loved

tinhas amado, thou hadst loved

tinha amado, he had loved

tinhamos amado, we had loved

tinheis amado, you have loved

tinhão amado, they have loved.

Future.

amarei, I shall love

amarás, thou shalt love

amará, he shall love

amaremos, we shall love

amareis, you shall love

amarão, they shall love.

Future anterior.

hei de amar, I shall love

has de amar, thou shalt love

ha de amar, he shall love

havemos de amar, we shall love

haveis de amar, you shall love

hão de amar, they shall love.

Future past.

terei amado, I shall have loved

terás amado, thou shalt have loved

terá amado, he shall have loved

teremos amado, we shall have loved

tereis amado, you shall have loved

terão amado, they shall have loved.

Conditional.

amaria, I should love

amarias, thou shouldst love

amaria, he should love

amariamos, we should love

amarieis, you should love

amarião, they should love.

Conditional past.

teria amado, I should have loved

terias amado, thou shouldst have loved

teria amado, he should have loved

teriamos amado, we should have loved

terieis amado, you should have loved

terião amado, they should have loved.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que ame, that I may love

ames, that thou mayest love

ame, that he may love

amemos, that we may love

ameis, that you may love

amem, that they may love.

Imperfect.

que amára, that I might love

amáras, that thou mightst love

amára, that he might love

amáramos, that we might love

amáreis, that you might love

amárão, that they might love.

Past definite.

que amasse, that I may have loved

amasses, that thou mayest have loved

amasse, that he may have loved

amassemos, that we may have loved

amasseis, that you may have loved

amassem, that they may have loved.

Past indefinite.

que tenha amado, that I may have loved

tenhas amado, that thou mayest have loved

tenha amado, that he may have loved

tenhamos amado, that we may have loved

tenhais amado, that you may have loved

tenhão amado, that they may have loved.

Pluperfect.

que tivesse amado, that I might have loved

tivesses amado, that thou mightst have loved

tivesse amado, that he might have loved

tivessemos amado, that we might have loved

tivesseis amado, that you might have loved

tivessem amado, that they might have loved.

Future.

que amar, when I shall love

amares, when thou shalt love

amar, when he shall love

amarmos, when we shall love

amardes, when you shall love

amarem, when they shall love.

Compound Future.

que haja de amar, that I shall love

hajas de amar, that thou shalt love

haja de amar, that he shall love

hajamos de amar, that we shall love

hajais de amar, that you shall love

hajão de amar, that they shall love.

Future past.

que tiver amado, when I shall have loved

tiveres amado, when thou shalt have loved

tiver amado, when he shall have loved

tivermos amado, when we shall have loved

tiverdes amado, when you shall have loved

tiverem amado, when they shall have loved.

Imperative.

ama tu, love thou

ame elle, let him love

amemos nós, let us love

amai vós, love ye

amem elles, let them love.

8. SECOND CONJUGATION. Receber, to receive.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. receber, to receive.

Past. ter recebido, to have received.

Gerund. recebendo, receiving.

Participles. recebido, -a, received.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu recebo, I receive

tu recebes, thou receivest

elle recebe, he receives

nós recebemos, we receive

vós recebeis, you receive

elles recebem, they receive.

Imperfect.

recebia, I received

recebias, thou receivedst

recebia, he received

recebiamos, we received

recebieis, you received

recebião, they received.

Past definite.

recebi, I have received

recebeste, thou hast received

recebeo, he has received

recebémos, we have received

recebestes, you have received

receberão, they have received.

Past indefinite.

tenho recebido, I have received

tens recebido, thou hast received

tem recebido, he has received

temos recebido, we have received

tendes recebido, you have rec.

tem recebido, they have received.

Past anterior.

recebera, I had received

receberas, thou hadst received

recebera, he had received

receberamos, we had received

recebereis, you had received

receberão, they had received.

Pluperfect.

tinha recebido, I had received

tinhas recebido, thou hadst rec.

tinha recebido, he had received

tinhamos recebido, we had rec.

tinheis recebido, you had rec.

tinhão recebido, they had rec.

Future.

receberei, I shall receive

receberás, thou shalt receive

receberá, he shall receive

receberemos, we shall receive

recebereis, you shall receive

receberão, they shall receive.

Future anterior.

hei de receber, I shall receive

has de receber, thou shall rec.

ha de receber, he shall rec.

havemos de receber, we shall rec.

haveis de receber, you shall rec.

hão de receber, they shall rec.

Future past.

terei recebido, I shall have rec.

terás recebido, thou shalt have rec.

terá recebido, he shall have rec.

teremos recebido, we shall have rec.

tereis recebido, you shall have rec.

terão recebido, they shall have rec.

Conditional.

receberia, I should receive

receberias, thou shouldst receive

receberia, he should receive

receberiamos, we should receive

receberieis, you should receive

receberião, they should receive.

Conditional past.

teria recebido, I should have received

terias recebido, thou shouldst have received

teria recebido, he should have received

teriamos recebido, we should have received

terieis recebido, you should have received

terião recebido, they should have received.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que receba, that I may receive

recebas, that thou mayest receive

receba, that he may receive

recebamos, that we may receive

recebais, that you may receive

recebão, that they may receive.

Imperfect.

que recebéra, that I might receive

recebéras, that thou mightst receive

recebéra, that he might receive

recebéremos, that we might receive

recebéreis, that you might receive

recebérão, that they might receive.

Past definite.

que recebesse, that I may have received

recebesses, that thou mayest have received

recebesse, that he may have received

recebessemos, that we may have received

recebesseis, that you may have received

recebessem, that they may have received.

Past indefinite.

que tenha recebido, that I may have received

tenhas recebido, that thou mayest have received

tenha recebido, that he may have received

tenhamos recebido, that we may have received

tenhais recebido, that you may have received

tenhão recebido, that they may have received.

Pluperfect.

que tivesse recebido, that I might have received

tivesses recebido, that thou mightst have received

tivesse recebido, that he might have received

tivessemos recebido, that we might have received

tivesseis recebido, that you might have received

tivessem recebido, that they might have received.

Future.

quando receber, when I shall receive

receberes, when thou shalt receive

receber, when he shall receive

recebermos, when we shall receive

receberdes, when you shall receive

receberem, when they shall receive.

Compound Future.

que haja de receber, that I shall receive

hajas de receber, that thou shalt receive

haja de receber, that he shall receive

hajamos de receber, that we shall receive

hajais de receber, that you shall receive

hajão de receber, that they shall receive.

Future past.

quando tiver recebido, when I shall have received

tiveres recebido, when thou shalt have received

tiver recebido, when he shall have received

tivermos recebido, when we shall have received

tiverdes recebido, when you shall have received

tiverem recebido, when they shall have received.

Imperative Mood.

recebe tu, receive thou

receba elle, let him receive

recebamos nós, let us receive

recebei vós, receive ye

recebão, let them receive.

9. THIRD CONJUGATION. Partir, to divide.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. partir, to divide.

Past. ter partido, to have divided.

Gerund. partindo, dividing.

Participles. partido, partida, divided.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

parto, I divide

partes, thou dividest

parte, he divides

partimos, we divide

partis, you divide

partem, they divide.

Imperfect.

partia, I divided

partias, thou dividedst

partia, he divided

partiamos, we divided

partieis, you divided

partião, they divided.

Past definite.

parti, I have divided

partiste, thou hast divided

partio, he has divided

partimos, we have divided

partistes, you have divided

partirão, they have divided.

Past indefinite.

tenho partido, I have divided

tens partido, thou hast divided

tem partido, he has divided

temos partido, we have divided

tendes partido, you have divided

tem partido, they have divided.

Past anterior.

partira, I had divided

partiras, thou hadst divided

partira, he had divided

partiramos, we had divided

partireis, you had divided

partirão, they had divided.

Pluperfect.

tinha partido, I had divided

tinhas partido, thou hadst divided

tinha partido, he had divided

tinhamos partido, we had divided

tinheis partido, you had divided

tinhão partido, they had divided.

Future.

partirei, I shall divide

partirás, thou shalt divide

partirá, he shall divide

partiremos, we shall divide

partireis, you shall divide

partirão, they shall divide.

Future anterior.

hei de partir, I shall divide

has de partir, thou shalt divide

ha de partir, he shall divide

havemos de partir, we shall divide

haveis de partir, you shall divide

hão de partir, they shall divide.

Future past.

terei partido, I shall have divided

terás partido, thou shalt have divided

terá partido, he shall have divided

teremos partido, we shall have divided

tereis partido, you shall have divided

terão partido, they shall have divided.

Conditional.

partiria, I should divide

partirias, thou shouldst divide

partiria, he should divide

partiriamos, we should divide

partirieis, you should divide

partirião, they should divide.

Conditional past.

teria partido, I should have divided

terias partido, thou shouldst have divided

teria partido, he should have divided

teriamos partido, we should have divided

terieis partido, you should have divided

terião partido, they should have divided.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que parta, that I may divide

partas, that thou mayest divide

parta, that he may divide

partamos, that we may divide

partais, that you may divide

partão, that they may divide.

Imperfect.

que partira, that I might divide

partiras, that thou mightst divide

partira, that he might divide

partiramos, that we might divide

partireis, that you might divide

partirão, that they might divide.

Past definite.

que partisse, that I may have divided

partisses, that thou mayest have divided

partisse, that he may have divided

partissemos, that we may have divided

partisseis, that you may have divided

partissem, that they may have divided.

Past lndefinite.

que tenha partido, that I may have divided

tenhas partido, that thou mayest have divided

tenha partido, that he may have divided

tenhamos partido, that we may have divided

tenhais partido, that you may have divided

tenhão partido, that they may have divided.

Pluperfect.

que tivesse partido, that I might have divided

tivesses partido, that thou mightst have divided

tivesse partido, that he might have divided

tivessemos partido, that we might have divided

tivesseis partido, that you might have divided

tivessem partido, that they might have divided.

Future.

quando partir, when I shall divide

partires, when thou shalt divide

partir, when he shall divide

partirmos, when we shall divide

partirdes, when you shall divide

partirem, when they shall divide.

Compound Future.

que haja de partir, that I shall divide

hajas de partir, that thou shalt divide

haja de partir, that he shall divide

hajamos de partir, that we shall divide

hajais de partir, that you shall divide

hajão de partir, that they shall divide.

Future past.

quando tiver partido, when I shall have divided

tiveres partido, when thou shalt have divided

tiver partido, when he shall have divided

tivermos partido, when we shall have divided

tiverdes partido, when you shall have divided

tiverem partido, when they shall have divided.

Imperative Mood.

parte tu, divide thou

parta elle, let him divide

partamos nós, let us divide

parti vós, divide ye

partão elles, let them divide.

10. The Passive Verbs.

The Passive Verb is conjugated in all its tenses by the Auxiliary Verb “ser” to be, to become, to which is added the Participle of the Passive Verb, as:

sou amado I am loved

tu es amado thou art loved

serei amado I shall be loved

eu seria amado I should be loved.

11. The Neuter Verbs.

are conjugated with the Auxiliary Verb “ter” to have, as:

tenho dormido — I have slept

tenho cahido — I have fallen

eu tenho chegado — I have arrived.

They are otherwise conjugated like the Active Verbs: amar, receber, partir.

12. The Reflective Verbs.

are conjugated with “ter” and the Pronouns

me, me

te, thee

se, it

nos, we

vos, you.

Lembrar-se, to remember.

Infinitive Mood.

Present. lembrar-se, to remember.

Past. ter-se lembrado, to have remembered.

Gerund. lembrando-se, remembering.

Participle. lembrado, lembrada, remembered.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu me lembro, I remember

tu te lembras, thou rememberst

elle se rembra, he remembers

nós nos lembramos, we remember

vós vos lembrais, you remember

elles se lembrão, they remember.

Imperfect.

eu me lembrava, I remembered

tu te lembravas, thou rememberedst

elle se lembrava, he remembered

nós nos lembravamos, we remembered

vós vos lembraveis, you remembered

elles se lembravão, they remembered.

Past definite.

eu me lembrei, I have remembered

tu te lembraste, thou hast remembered

elle se lembrou, he has remembered

nós nos lembramos, we have remembered

vós vos lembrastes, you have remembered

elles se lembrárão, they have remembered.

Past indefinite.

eu me tenho lembrado, I have remembered

tu te tens lembrado, thou hast remembered

elle se tem lembrado, he has remembered

nós nos temos lembrado, we have remembered

vós vos tendes lembrado, you have remembered

elles se tem lembrado, they have remembered.

Past anterior.

eu me lembrára, I had remembered

tu te lembráras, thou hadst remembered

elle se lembrára, he had remembered

nós nos lembráramos, we had remembered

vós vos lembráreis, you had remembered

elles se lembrárão, they had remembered.

Pluperfect.

eu me tinha lembrado, I had remembered

tu te tinhas lembrado, thou hadst remembered

elle se tinha lembrado, he had remembered

nós nos tinhamos lembrado, we had remembered

vós vos tinheis lembrado, you had remembered

elles se tinhão lembrado, they had remembered.

Future.

eu me lembrarei, I shall remember

tu te lembrarás, thou shalt remember

elle se lembrará, he shall remember

nós nos lembraremos, we shall remember

vós vos lembrareis, you shall remember

elles se lembrarão, they shall remember.

Future anterior.

eu me hei de lembrar, I shall remember

tu te has de lembrar, thou shalt remember

elle se ha de lembrar, he shall remember

nós nos havemos de lembrar, we shall remember

vós vos haveis de lembrar, you shall remember

elles se hão de lembrar, they shall remember.

Future past.

eu me terei lembrado, I shall have remembered

tu te terás lembrado, thou shalt have remembered

elle se terá lembrado, he shall have remembered

nós nos teremos lembrado, we shall have remembered

vós vos tereis lembrado, you shall have remembered

elles se terão lembrado, they shall have remembered.

Conditional.

eu me lembraria, I should remember

tu te lembrarias, thou shouldst remember

elle se lembraria, he should remember

nós nos lembrariamos, we should remember

vós vos lembrarieis, you should remember

elles se lembrarião, they should remember.

Conditional past.

eu me teria lembrado, I should have remembered

tu te terias lembrado, thou shouldst have remembered

elle se teria lembrado, he should have remembered

nós nos teriamos lembrado, we should have remembered

vós vos terieis lembrado, you should have remembered

elles se terião lembrado, they should have remembered.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu me lembre, that I may remember

tu te lembres, that thou mayest remember

elle se lembre, that he may remember

nós nos lembremos, that we may remember

vós vos lembreis, that you may remember

elles se lembrem, that they may remember.

Imperfect.

que eu me lembrasse, that I might remember

tu te lembrasses, that thou mightst remember

elle se lembrasse, that he might remember

nós nos lembrassemos, that we might remember

vós vos lembrasseis, that you might remember

elles se lembrassem, that they might remember.

Past indefinite.

que eu me tenha lembrado that I may have remembered.

tu te tenhas lembrado

elle se tenha lembrado

nós nos tenhamos lembrado

vós vos tenhais lembrado

elles se tenhão lembrado

Pluperfect.

que eu me tivesse lembrado that I might have remembered.

tu te tivesses lembrado

elle se tivesse lembrado

nós nos tivessemos lembrado

vós vos tivesseis lembrado

elles se tivessem lembrado

Future.

quando eu me lembrar when I shall remember.

tu te lembrares

elle se lembrar

nós nos lembrarmos

vós vos lembrardes

elles se lembrarem

Compound Future.

que eu me haja de lembrar that I shall remember.

tu te hajas de lembrar

elle se haja de lembrar

nós nos hajamos de lembrar

vós vos hajeis de lembrar

elles se hajão de lembrar

Future past.

quando eu me tiver lembrado when I shall have remembered.

tu te tiveres lembrado

elle se tiver lembrado

nós nos tivermos lembrado

vós vos tiverdes lembrado

elles se tiverem lembrado

Imperative Mood.

lembra-te tu, remember thou

lembre-se elle, let him remember

lembremos-nos nós, let us remember

lembrai-vos vós, remember ye

lembrem-se elles, let them remember.

Observ. In all the simple tenses of the Indicative Mood, is it unimportant whether the Pronouns me, te, se, nos, vos stand before or after the Verb, and one may therefore say either: eu me lembro, or eu lembro-me, eu me lembrava and eu lembrava-me, but in the compound tenses as well as in the Subjunctive and Imperative Mood they must stand before the Verb, as: eu me tenho lembrado, que eu me lembre, que eu me lembrasse.

13. Irregular Verbs.

FIRST CONJUGATION.

1. Dar, to give.[544]

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu dou, I give

tu dás, thou givest

elle dá, he gives

nós damos, we give

vós dais, you give

elles dão, they give.

Past definite.

eu dei, I have given

tu déste, thou hast given

elle deo, he has given

nós demos, we have given

vós déstes, you have given

elles dérão, they have given.

Past anterior.

eu dera, I had given

tu deras, thou hadst given

elle dera, he had given

nós deramos, we had given

vós dereis, you had given

elles derão, they had given.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu dê, that I may give

tu dês, that thou mayest give

elle dê, that he may give

nós dêmos, that we may give

vós deis, that you may give

elles dem, that they may give.

Imperfect.

que eu dera, that I might give

tu deras, that thou mightst give

elle dera, that he might give

nós deramos, that we might give

vós dereis, that you might give

elles derão, that they might give.

Past.

que eu désse, that I may have given

tu désses, that thou mayest have given

elle désse, that he may have given

nós dessemos, that we may have given

vós desseis, that you may have given

elles dessem, that they may have given.

Future.

quando eu der, when I shall give

tu deres, when thou shalt give

elle der, when he shall give

nós dermos, when we shall give

vós derdes, when you shall give

elles derem, when they shall give.

2. The Verbs ending in “car”

have no other irregularity than that they change the c every time into qu, if an e follows in the conjugation, as:

ficar, to remain,

fiquei (not ficei), I have remained,

que eu figue (not fice), that I may remain;

this irregularity is only maintained for the purpose of keeping the same pronunciation for the Verb throughout, which would otherwise not be the case.

3. The Verbs ending in “gar”

change the g, if followed by an e, into gu, for the sake of Pronunciation.

4. The Verbs ending in “iar”

take an e before i in all persons of the Indicative Mood, as:

premiar, to reward,

premeio, premeias, premeia, premeiamos etc.

14. SECOND CONJUGATION.

5. Dizer, to say.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu digo, I say

tu dizes, thou sayest

elle diz, he says

nós dizemos, we say

vós dizeis, you say

elles dizem, they say.

Past definite.

eu disse, I have said

tu disseste, thou hast said

elle disse, he has said

nós dissemos, we have said

vós dissestes, you have said

elles disserão, they have said.

Past anterior.

eu dissera, I had said

tu disseras, thou hadst said

elle dissera, he had said

nós disseramos, we had said

vós disserais, you had said

elles disserão, they had said.

Future.

eu direi, I shall say

tu dirás, thou shalt say

elle dirá, he shall say

nós diremos, we shall say

vós direis, you shall say

elles dirão, they shall say.

Conditional.

eu diria, I would say

tu dirias, thou wouldst say

elle diria, he would say

nós diriamos, we would say

vós dirieis, you would say

elles dirião, they would say.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu diga, that I may say

tu digas, that thou mayest say

elle diga, that he may say

nós digamos, that we may say

vós digais, that you may say

elles digão, that they may say.

Imperfect.

que eu dissera, that I might say

tu disseras, that thou mightst say

elle dissera, that he might say

nós disseramos, that we might say

vós disserais, that you might say

elles disserão, that they might say.

Past.

que eu dissesse, that I may have said

tu dissesses, that thou mayest have said

elle dissesse, that he may have said

nós dissessemos, that we may have said

vós dissesseis, that you may have said

elles dissessem, that they may have said.

Future.

quando eu disser, when I shall say

tu disseres, when thou shalt say

elle disser, when he shall say

nós dissermos, when we shall say

vós disserdes, when you shall say

elles disserem, when they shall say.

Imperative Mood.

dize-tu, say thou

diga-elle, let him say

digamos-nós, let us say

dizei-vós, say ye

digão-elles, let them say.

Participle: dito, dita, said.

All Verbs composed of dizer are conjugated in the same manner, as: contradizer, desdizer, etc.

6.Fazer, to do, to make.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu faço, I do

tu fazes, thou doest

elle faz, he does

nós fazemos, we do

vós fazeis, you do

elles fazem, they do.

Past definite.

eu fiz, I have done

tu fizeste, thou hast done

elle fez, he has done

nós fizemos, we have done

vós fizestes, you have done

elles fizerão, they have done.

Pluperfect.

eu fizera, I had done

tu fizeras, thou hadst done

elle fizera, he had done

nós fizeramos, we had done

vós fizereis, you had done

elles fizerão, they had done.

Future.

eu farei, I shall do

tu farás, thou shalt do

elle fará, he shall do

nós faremos, we shall do

vós fareis, you shall do

elles farão, they shall do.

Conditional.

eu faria, I would do

tu farias, thou wouldst do

elle faria, he would do

nós fariamos, we would do

vós farieis, you would do

elles farião, they would do.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu faça, that I may do

tu faças, that thou mayest do

elle faça, that he may do

nós façamos, that we may do

vós façais, that you may do

elles fação, that they may do.

Imperfect.

que eu fizera, that I might do

tu fizeras, that thou mightst do

elle fizera, that he might do

nós fizeramos, that we might do

vós fizerais, that you might do

elles fizerão, that they might do.

Perfect.

que eu fizesse, that I may have done

tu fizesses, that thou mayest have done

elle fizesse, that he may have done

nós fizéssemos, that we may have done

vós fizesseis, that you may have done

elles fizessem, that they may have done.

Future.

quando eu fizer, when I shall do

tu fizeres, when thou shalt do

elle fizer, when he shall do

nós fizermos, when we shall do

vós fizerdes, when you shall do

elles fizerem, when they shall do.

Imperative Mood.

faze-tu, do thou

faça elle, let him do

façamos-nós, let us do

fazei-vós, do ye

fação elles, let them do.

Participle: feito, feita, done.

7. Poder, to be able to, can.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu posso, I can

tu podes, thou canst

elle póde, he can

nós podemos, we can

vós podeis, you can

elles podem, they can.

Perfect.

eu pude, I have been able

tu pudeste, thou hast been able

elle pode, he has been able

nós pudemos, we have been able

vós pudestes, you have been able

elles puderão, they have been able.

Pluperfect.

eu pudera, I had been able

tu puderas, thou hadst been able

elle pudera, he had been able

nós puderamos, we have been able

vós pudereis, you had been able

elle puderão, they had been able.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu possa, that I may be able

tu possas, that thou mayest be able

elle possa, that he may be able

nós possamos, that we may be able

vós possais, that you may be able

elles possão, that they may be able.

Imperfect.

que eu pudera, that I might be able

tu puderas, that thou mightst be able

elle pudera, that he might be able

nós puderamos, that we might be able

vós pudereis, that you might be able

elles puderão, that they might be able.

Perfect.

que eu pudesse, that I may have been able

tu pudesses, that thou mayest have been able

elle pudesse, that he may have been able

nós pudessemos, that we may have been able

vós pudesseis, that you may have been able

elles pudessem, that they may have been able.

Future.

quando eu puder, if I could be able

tu puderes, if thou couldst be able

elle puder, if he could be able

nós pudermos, if we could be able

vós puderdes, if you could be able

elles puderem, if they could be able.

8. Querer, to wish, to will.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu quero, I wish

tu queres, thou wishest

elle quer, he wishes

nós queremos, we wish

vós quereis, you wish

elles querem, they wish.

Perfect.

eu quiz, I have wished

tu quizeste, thou hast wished

elle quiz, he has wished

nós quizemos, we have wished

vós quizestes, you have wished

elles quizerão, they have wished.

Pluperfect.

eu quizera, I had wished

tu quizeras, thou hadst wished

elle quizera, he had wished

nós quizeramos, we had wished

vós quizereis, you had wished

elles quizerão, they had wished.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu queira, that I may wish

tu queiras, that thou mayest wish

elle queira, that he may wish

nós queiramos, that we may wish

vós queirais, that you may wish

elles queirão, that they may wish.

Imperfect.

que eu quizera, that I might wish

tu quizeras, that thou mightst wish

elle quizera, that he might wish

nós quizeramos, that we might wish

vós quizereis, that you might wish

elles quizerão, that they might wish.

Perfect.

que eu quizesse, that I may have wished

tu quizesses, that thou mayest have wished

elle quizesse, that he may have wished

nós quizessemos, that we may have wished

vós quizesseis, that you may have wished

elles quizessem, that they may have wished.

Future.

quando eu quizer, when I shall wish

tu quizeres, when thou shalt wish

elle quizer, when he shall wish

nós quizermos, when we shall wish

vós quizerdes, when you shall wish

elles quizerem, when they shall wish.

Imperative Mood.

queiras tu, wish thou

queira elle, let him wish

queiramos nós, let us wish

queirais vós, wish ye

queirão elles, let them wish.

9. Saber, to know.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu sei, I know

tu sabes, thou knowest

elle sabe, he knows

nós sabemos, we know

vós sabeis, you know

elles sabem, they know.

Perfect.

eu soube, I have known

tu soubeste, thou hast known

elle soube, he has known

nós soubemos, we have known

vós soubestes, you have known

elles souberão, they have known.

Pluperfect.

eu soubera, I had known

tu souberas, thou hadst known

elle soubera, he had known

nós souberamos, we had known

vós soubereis, you had known

elles souberão, they had known.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu saiba, that I may know

tu saibas, that thou mayest know

elle saiba, that he may know

nós saibamos, that we may know

vós saibais, that you may know

elles saibão, that they may know.

Imperfect.

que eu soubera, that I might know

tu souberas, that thou mightst know

elle soubera, that he might know

nós souberamos, that we might know

vós soubereis, that you might know

elles souberão, that they might know.

Future.

quando eu souber, when I shall know

tu souberes, when thou shalt know

elle souber, when he shall know

nós soubermos, when we shall know

vós souberdes, when you shall know

elles souberem, when they shall know.

Imperative Mood.

sabe tu, know thou

saiba elle, let him know

saibamos nós, let us know

saibei vós, know ye

saibão elles, let them know.

10. Trazer, to carry, to fetch.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu trago, I carry

tu trazes, thou carriest

elle traz, he carries

nós trazemos, we carry

vós trazeis, you carry

elles trazem, they carry.

Perfect.

eu trouxe, I have carried

tu trouxeste, thou hast carried

elle trouxe, he has carried

nós trouxemos, we have carried

vós trouxestes, you have carried

elles trouxerão, they have carried.

Pluperfect.

eu trouxera, I had carried

tu trouxeras, thou hadst carried

elle trouxera, he had carried

nós trouxeramos, we had carried

vós trouxereis, you had carried

elles trouxerão, they had carried.

Future.

eu trarei, I shall carry

tu trarás, thou shalt carry

elle trará, he shall carry

nós traremos, we shall carry

vós trareis, you shall carry

elles trarão, they shall carry.

Conditional.

eu traria, I should carry

tu trarias, thou shouldst carry

elle traria, he should carry

nós trariamos, we should carry

vós trarieis, you should carry

elles trarião, they should carry.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu traga, that I may carry

tu tragas, that thou mayest carry

elle traga, that he may carry

nós tragamos, that we may carry

vós tragais, that you may carry

elles tragão, that they may carry.

Imperfect.

que eu trouxera, that I might carry

tu trouxeras, that thou mightst carry

elle trouxera, that he might carry

nós trouxeramos, that we might carry

vós trouxereis, that you might carry

elles trouxerão, that they might carry.

Perfect.

que eu trouxesse, that I may have carried

tu trouxesses, that thou mayest have carried

elle trouxesse, that he may have carried

nós trouxessemos, that we may have carried

vós trouxesseis, that you may have carried

elles trouxessem, that they may have carried.

Future.

quando eu trouxer, when I shall carry

tu trouxeres, when thou shalt carry

elle trouxer, when he shall carry

nós trouxermos, when we shall carry

vós trouxerdes, when you shall carry

elles trouxerem, when they shall carry.

Imperative Mood.

traze tu, carry thou

traga elle, let him carry

tragamos, let us carry

trazei vós, carry ye

tragão elles, let them carry.

11. Ver, to see.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu vejo, I see

tu vês, thou seest

elle vê, he sees

nós vemos, we see

vós vedes, you see

elles vêm, they see.

Imperfect.

eu vi, I have seen

tu viste, thou hast seen

elle vio, he has seen

nós vimos, we have seen

vós vistes, you have seen

elles virão, they have seen.

Pluperfect.

eu vira, I had seen

tu viras, thou hadst seen

elle vira, he had seen

nós viramos, we had seen

vós vireis, you had seen

elles virão, they had seen.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu veja, that I may see

tu vejas, that thou mayest see

elle veja, that he may see

nós vejamos, that we may see

vós vejais, that you may see

elles vejão, that they may see.

Imperfect.

que eu vira, that I might see

tu viras, that thou mightst see

elle vira, that he might see

nós viramos, that we might see

vós virais, that you might see

elles virem, that they might see.

Perfect.

que eu visse, that I may have seen

tu visses, that thou mayest have seen

elle visse, that he may have seen

nós vissemos, that we may have seen

vós visseis, that you may have seen

elles vissem, that they may have seen.

Future.

quando eu vir, when I shall see

tu vires, when thou shalt see

elle vir, when he shall see

nós virmos, when we shall see

vós virdes, when you shall see

elles virem, when they shall see.

Imperative Mood.

vê tu, see thou

veja elle, let him see

vejamos nós, let us see

vede vós, see ye

vejão elles, let them see.

Participle: visto, vista, seen.

The Verbs composed of ver, are conjugated in the same manner, as:

prever, rever, antever.

12. Perder, to lose.

The irregularity of this Verb consists in the following tenses changing the d into c.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

perco, I lose

perdes, thou losest

perde, he loses

perdemos, we lose

perdeis, you lose

perdem, they lose.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu perca, that I may lose

tu percas, that thou mayest lose

elle perca, that he may lose

nós percamos, that we may lose

vós percais, that you may lose

elles percão, that they may lose.

Imperative Mood.

perde tu, lose thou

perca elle, let him lose

percamos nós, let us lose

perdei vós, lose ye

percão elles, let them lose.

13. Valer, to be worth,

changes l into lh, in the following tenses.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu valho, I am worth

tu vales regular

elle vale

nós valemos

vós valeis

elles valem

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu valha, that I may be worth

tu valhas, that thou mayest be worth

elle valha, that he may be worth

nós valhamos, that we may be worth

vós valhais, that you may be worth

elles valhão, that they may be worth.

Imperative Mood.

vale tu, be thou worth

valha elle, let him be worth

valhamos, let us be worth

valei vós, be ye worth

valhão elles, let them be worth.

14. Ler, to read.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu leio, I read

tu lês, thou readest

elle lê, he reads

nós lemos, we read

vós ledes, you read

elles lêm, they read.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu lêia, that I may read

tu lêias, that thou mayest read

elle lêia, that he may read

nós lêiamos, that we may read

vós lêiais, that you may read

elles lêião, that they may read.

Imperative Mood.

lê tu, read thou

lêia elle, let him read

lêiamos, let us read

lede vós, read ye

lêião elles, let them read.

The Verb “crer” to believe, is conjugated in the same manner.

15. The Verbs ending in “ger”

change g into j in all persons when it is followed by o or a, for the sake of pronunciation. As:

eleger, to elect;

elejo, que eu eleja, etc.

15. THIRD CONJUGATION.

16. Ir, to go.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu vou, I go

tu vas, thou goest

elle vai, he goes

nós vamos, we go

vós ides, you go

elles vão, they go.

Imperfect.

eu hia, I went

tu hias, thou wentest

elle hia, he went

nós hiamos, we went

vós hieis, you went

elles hião, they went.

Perfect.

eu fui, I have gone

(like the Perfect of “ser” to be).

Pluperfect.

eu fora, I had gone

(like the Pluperfect of “ser”).

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu vá, that I may go

tu vás, that thou mayest go

elle vá, that he may go

nós vámos, that we may go

vos vades, that you may go

elles vão, that they may go.

Imperfect.

que eu fora, that I might go

tu foras, that thou mightst go

elle fora, that he might go

nós foramos, that we might go

vós foreis, that you might go

elles forão, that they might go.

Perfect.

que eu fosse, that I may have gone

(like “ser”).

Future.

quando eu for, when I shall go

(like “ser”).

Imperative Mood.

vai tu, go thou

vá elle, let him go

vamos, let us go

ide vós, go ye

vão elles, let them go.

17. Vir, to come.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu venho, I come

tu vens, thou comest

elle vem, he comes

nós vimos, we come

vós vindes, you come

elles vem, they come.

Imperfect.

eu vinha, I came

tu vinhas, thou camest

elle vinha, he came

nós vinhamos, we came

vós vinheis, you came

elles vinhão, they came.

Perfect.

eu vim, I have come

tu vieste, thou hast come

elle veio, he has come

nós viemos, we have come

vós viestes, you have come

elles vierão, they have come.

Pluperfect.

eu viera, I had come

tu vieras, thou hadst come

elle viera, he had come

nós vieramos, we had come

vós viereis, you had come

elles vierão, they had come.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu venha, that I may come

tu venhas, that thou mayest come

elle venha, that he may come

nós venhamos, that we may come

vós venhais, that you may come

elles venhão, that they may come.

Imperfect.

que eu viera, that I might come

tu vieras, that thou mightst come

elle viera, that he might come

nós vieramos, that we might come

vós viereis, that you might come

elles vierão, that they might come.

Perfect.

que eu viesse, that I may have come

tu viesses, that thou mayest have come

elle viesse, that he may have come

nós viessemos, that we may have come

vós viesseis, that you may have come

elles viessem, that they may have come.

Future.

quando eu vier, when I shall come

tu vieres, when thou shalt come

elle vier, when he shall come

nós viermos, when we shall come

vós vierdes, when you shall come

elles vierem, when they shall come.

Imperative Mood.

vem tu, come thou

venha elle, let him come

venhamos, let us come

vinde vós, come ye

venhão elles, let them come.

Participle: vindo, vinda, come.

18. Pedir, to request,

changes d in ç in the following persons.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu peço, I request

(the other persons are regular: pedes, pede, etc.).

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu peça, that I may request

tu peças, that thou mayest request

elle peça, that he may request

nós peçamos, that we may request

vós peçais, that you may request

elles peção, that they may request.

Imperative Mood.

pede tu, request thou

peça elle, let him request

peçamos nós, let us request

pedi vós, request ye

peção elles, let them request.

“Medir” to measure, is conjugated in the same manner.

19. Rir, to laugh.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu rio, I laugh

tu ris, thou laughest

elle ri, he laughs

nós rimos, we laugh

vós rides, you laugh

elles rim, they laugh.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu ria, that I may laugh

tu rias, that thou mayest laugh

elle ria, that he may laugh

nós riamos, that we may laugh

vós riais, that you may laugh

elles rião, that they may laugh.

Imperative Mood.

ri tu, laugh thou

ria elle, let him laugh

riamos, let us laugh

ride vós, laugh ye

rião elles, let them laugh.

20. The Verbs ending in “gir”

change the g into j in all persons where g is followed by o or a.

21. The Verbs ending in “uzir”

drop the final e in the third person Singular of the Present, as:

conduz (not conduze), induz (not induze).

22. The Verbs ending in “hir”

change hi into i in the following persons.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu saio, I go out

(the others are regular: sahes, sahe, sahimos, etc.).

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu saia, that I may go out

tu saias, that thou mayest go out

elle saia, that he may go out

nós saiamos, that we may go out

vós saiais, that you may go out

elles saião, that they may go out.

Imperative Mood.

sahe tu, go thou out

saia elle, let him go out

saiamos nós, let us go out

sahi vós, go ye out

saião elles, let them go out.

23. Subir, to mount,

changes u into o, in the second person Singular, third person Singular and Plural of the Present, and in the second person of the Imperative, as:

sobes, sobe, sobem, sobe tu.

24. Mentir, to lie,

changes e into i in the following persons.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu minto, I lie

(tu mentes, elle mente).

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu minta, that I may lie

tu mintas, that thou mayest lie

elle minta, that he may lie

nós mintamos, that we may lie

vós mintais, that you may lie

elles mintão, that they may lie.

Imperative Mood.

mente tu, lie thou

minta elle, let him lie

mintamos nós, let us lie

menti vós, lie ye

mintão elles, let them lie.

The same irregularities occur in

sentir, to feel

servir, to serve

ferir, to wound.

25. Dormir, to sleep.

This Verb changes o into u in all persons, in which mentir changes the e into i, as:

durmo,

durma,

durmamos.

26. Ouvir, to hear.

This Verb changes uvi into uç in all persons in which mentir changes e into i, as:

eu ouço, I hear que eu ouça, that I may hear.

Imperative Mood.

ouve tu, hear thou

ouça elle, let him hear

ouçamos nós, let us hear

ouvi vós, hear ye

oução elles, let them hear.

Some writers change u into i, as: oiço, oiça.

27. Pôr, to place, to put.

Indicative Mood.

Present.

eu ponho, I place

tu pões, thou placest

elle poem, he places

nós pômos, we place

vós pondes, you place

elles poem, they place.

Imperfect.

eu punha, I placed

tu punhas, thou placedst

elle punha, he placed

nós punhamos, we placed

vós punheis, you placed

elles punhão, they placed.

Perfect.

eu puz, I have placed

tu puzeste, thou hast placed

elle póz, he has placed

nós puzemos, we have placed

vós puzestes, you have placed

elles puzerão, they have placed.

Pluperfect.

eu puzera, I had placed

tu puzeras, thou hadst placed

elle puzera, he had placed

nós puzeramos, we had placed

vós puzereis, you had placed

elles puzerão, they had placed.

Future.

eu porei, I shall place

tu porás, thou shalt place

elle porá, he shall place

nós poremos, we shall place

vós poreis, you shall place

elles porão, they shall place.

Conditional.

eu poria, I should place

tu porias, thou shouldst place

elle poria, he should place

nós poriamos, we should place

vós porieis, you should place

elles porião, they should place.

Subjunctive Mood.

Present.

que eu ponha, that I may place

tu ponhas, that thou mayest place

elle ponha, that he may place

nós ponhamos, that we may place

vós ponhais, that you may place

elles ponhão, that they may place.

Imperfect.

que eu puzera, that I might place

tu puzeras, that thou mightst place

elle puzera, that he might place

nós puzeramos, that we might place

vós puzereis, that you might place

elles puzerão, that they might place.

Perfect.

que eu puzesse, that I may have placed

tu puzesses, that thou mayest have placed

elle puzesse, that he may have placed

nós puzessemos, that we may have placed

vós puzesseis, that you may have placed

elles puzessem, that they may have placed.

Future.

quando eu puzer, when I shall place

tu puzeres, when thou shall place

elle puzer, when he shall place

nós puzermos, when we shall place

vós puzerdes, when you shall place

elles puzerem, when they shall place.

Imperative Mood.

põe tu, place thou

ponha elle, let him place

ponhamos nós, let us place

ponde vós, place ye

ponhão elles, let them place.

Gerund: pondo, placing.

Participle: posto, posta, placed.

The Verbs composed by pôr are conjugated in the same manner, as:

antepôr, compôr, depôr, dispôr, propôr.

16.

The following Verbs have two Participles, a regular and an irregular one.

FIRST CONJUGATION.

aceitar, to accept, aceitado, aceito

enxugar, to dry, enxugado, enxuto

exceptuar, to except, exceptuado, excepto

expressar, to express, expressado, expresso

expulsar, to expel, expulsado, expulso

gastar, to spend, gastado, gasto

imprensar, to print, imprensado, impresso

izentar, to except, izentado, izento

manifestar, to manifest, manifestado, manifesto

pagar, to pay, pagado, pago

salvar, to save, salvado, salvo

professar, to act, profess, professado, professo

soltar, to set at liberty, soltado, solto

sujeitar, to subject, sujeitado, sujeito.

SECOND CONJUGATION.

absolver, to acquit, absolvido, - absoluto

absolto

absorver, to swallow, absorvido, absorto

accender, to light, accendido, acceso

corromper, to corrupt, corrompido, corrupto

eleger, to elect, elegido, eleito

encher, to fill, enchido, cheio

envolver, to envelope, envolvido, envolto

escrever, to write, escrevido, escrito

incorrer, to incur (a penalty), incorrido, incurso

interromper, to interrupt, interrompido, interrupto

morrer, to die, morrido, morto

prender, to take (into charge), prendido, preso

romper, to break (open), rompido, roto

suspender, to postpone, suspendido, suspenso

torcer, to turn, torcido, torto.

THIRD CONJUGATION.

abrir, to open, abrido, aberto