APPENDICES
Reading edition
I
THE FRENCH ARMY IN PORTUGAL, JAN. 1, 1811
[FROM A RETURN IN THE ARCHIVES NATIONALES, PARIS]
Present under Arms.
Officers. Men. Detached. Sick. Total.
2nd Corps. Reynier. At and about Santarem:
1st Infantry Division, Merle 154 4,214 150 1,549 6,067
2nd Infantry Division, Heudelet 196 5,522 451 2,616 8,785
Cavalry Brigade, Pierre Soult 98 1,048 523 231 1,900
Artillery, Train, &c. 33 1,251 52 89 1,425
État-Major 65 — — — 65
Corps Total 546 12,035 1,176 4,485 18,242
6th Corps. Ney. Head quarters, Thomar:
1st Infantry Division, Marchand 182 4,805 529 1,121 6,637
2nd Infantry Division, Mermet 212 6,040 743 1,077 8,072
3rd Infantry Division, Loison 174 4,415 1,037[778] 3,291 8,917
Cavalry Brigade, Lamotte 48 604 663 117 1,432
Artillery, Train, &c. 34 1,735 47 165 1,981
État-Major 77 — — — 77
Corps Total 727 17,599 3,019 5,771 27,116
8th Corps. Junot. Head quarters, Torres Novas:
1st Infantry Division, Clausel 185 3,822 484 3,989 8,480
2nd Infantry Division, Solignac 236 4,761 1,958[779] 3,537 10,492
Cavalry Brigade 86 895 698 238 1,917
Artillery, Train, &c. 23 1,083 24 392 1,522
État-Major 69 — — — 69
Corps Total 599 10,561 3,164 8,156 22,480
Reserve Cavalry, Montbrun 140 2,729 1,486[780] 178 4,533
Artillery Reserve, Génie, &c. 42 1,546 219 283 2,090
Gendarmerie 7 190 — — 197
General État-Major of the Army 66 — — — 66
Total 2,127 44,660 9,064 18,873 74,724
Total present under arms of all ranks, 46,787 [Fririon gives only 45,131].
N.B.—The 9,064 detached include 2,854 men left at Rodrigo and Almeida, and 6,210 men left behind in Spain at Salamanca and elsewhere.
Note the terrible proportion of sick in the raw divisions of Junot and Loison, as compared with the lower percentage in the old divisions of Ney’s and Reynier’s Corps.
Present under Arms.
Officers. Men. Detached. Sick. Total.
9th Corps. Drouet D’Erlon. Head quarters approaching Leiria:
1st Division of Infantry, Claparéde (at Guarda) 246 7,617 369 482 8,714
2nd Division of Infantry, Conroux (near Leiria) 225 7,367 447 1,299 9,338
Cavalry Brigade, Fournier (at the rear) 71 1,627 60 114 1,872
Artillery, Train, &c. 13 657 — 72 742
État-Major 66 — — — 66
Corps Total 621 17,268 876 1,967 20,732
Only Conroux’s division being with the main army, its 7,592 effective men alone have to be added to Masséna’s force, making a grand total of 54,116 for the available strength of the Marshal on Jan. 1, 1811.
On March 15th the total of 46,787 effectives in the old Army of Portugal had gone down to 44,407 (according to the return in the Paris Archives—Fririon says to only 40,751), though 1,862 drafts were brought up to the front by Foy on Feb. 5. This shows a shrinkage of 4,242 men effective since Jan. 1. But the loss in the sick is terrible—on Jan. 1 there were 18,873; on March 15 only about 6,000 (5,424 in the three army corps; no figures preserved for artillery, train, engineers, gendarmerie, &c.). Apparently multitudes must have perished in hospital during these eleven weeks.
Conroux’s division had about 6,400 effectives on March 15, which would make Masséna’s effective fighting force on that day 50,807. Claparéde’s division (at Guarda and Celorico) was on March 15 about 6,000 strong.
On April 1 the total of 44,407 effectives of the old army on March 15 had gone down to 39,905 present with the colours, not including Conroux and Claparéde.
On April 15 (the retreat having ended on April 5) the total of effectives was 39,546, not including Conroux and Claparéde.
The states of May 1 (Paris Archives) will be found under the Table (No. XII) entitled ‘The French Army at Fuentes de Oñoro.’
II
SOULT’S ARMY IN HIS FIRST EXPEDITION OF ESTREMADURA (JAN.-MARCH 1811)
Officers and Men.
5th Corps. Marshal Mortier:
2nd Infantry Division (Gazan): 21st and 28th Léger, 100th and 103rd Line (three batts. each) 5,835
2nd Infantry Division (Gazan): 21st and 28th Léger, 100th and 103rd Line (three batts. each) 5,775
Corps-Cavalry (Briche), 21st Chasseurs, 10th Hussars. 971
From 1st Corps:
63rd Line (three batts.) 1,450
4th, 14th, 26th Dragoons 1,332
2nd Hussars 405
From 4th Corps: 27th Chasseurs à Cheval 990
Artillery and Train 1,261
Engineers and Sappers 698
4th Spanish Chasseurs à Cheval 246
Gendarmerie 25
État-Major-General 22
General Total 19,010
III
SPANISH TROOPS IN ESTREMADURA, MARCH, 1811
(A) ORIGINAL GARRISON OF THE PLACE
Officers. Men.
2nd of Majorca (two batts.) 43 466
1st of Badajoz (one batt.) 20 376
Provincial de Truxillo (one batt.) 27 694
Provincial de Plasencia (one batt.) 20 687
Dismounted Cavalry, organized in battalions 29 781
Artillery, and detachments lent to the artillery by various corps 45 979
Sappers 6 167
Total 190 4,150
(B) MENDIZABAL’S ARMY OF SUCCOUR
[Present with the Colours, Feb. 1, 1811]
Officers. Men.
Vanguard Division, Brigadier-General Carlos de España:
Principe (three batts.), 1st and 2nd of Catalonia, Gerona, Vittoria (one batt. each) 137 2,550
1st Division, Major-General Garcia:
Leon (three batts.), Regimiento del General (three batts.), La Union (two batts.), 1st of Barcelona, Voluntarios Catalanes, Osuna, Zafra, Valladolid, La Serena (one batt. each), 2nd of Seville (two batts.) 357 5,594
2nd Division, Major-General Virues:
Rey (two batts.), Princesa (two batts.), Lobera (three batts.), Toledo (two batts.), Zamora (two batts.), Hibernia (two batts.), Fernando 7º (two batts.), Tiradores de Castilla, Voluntarios de Navarra, 1st of Seville (one batt. each) 282 4,926
Cavalry, Major-General Butron:
Carabineros Reales, Reina, Infante, Borbon, Algarve, Sagunto, Lusitania, Hussares de Estremadura, Perseguidores de Andalusia, Imperiales de Toledo, Granaderos de Llerena, Cruzada de Albuquerque [many regiments very weak] 387 3,361
[with 2,595 horses]
Artillery, divisional, four batteries [not including men in Badajoz] 19 498
Total 1,182 16,929
N.B.—This total force of 18,111 men did not appear before Badajoz with Mendizabal on February 5th. Fernando 7º, with 800 men, was garrisoning Albuquerque. The 800 dismounted cavalry were at Valencia de Alcantara, their dépôt. 2nd of Seville, with 34 officers and 582 men, had been thrown into Badajoz in January. About 400 cavalry were detached with Ballasteros. Two battalions were garrisoning Campo Mayor. It seems that the actual army of succour consisted of about 2,500 men of Carlos de España’s division, 8,500 from those of Garcia and Virues, 2,500 of Butron’s cavalry and 450 artillery; also 950 Portuguese dragoons under Madden.
Osuna, Zafra, Valladolid, and La Serena, with 132 officers and 2,559 men, were drafted into the garrison of Badajoz before the battle of the Gebora, in which they did not take part. The total force present at that light was about 9,000 infantry and 2,000 Spanish horse, besides Madden’s 900 Portuguese dragoons.
IV
GRAHAM’S ARMY AT BARROSA, AND ITS LOSSES
Killed. Wounded.
Officers. Men. O. M. O. M. Total.
Dilkes’s Brigade:
1st Guards, 2nd batt. 24 587 1 33 8 177 219
Coldstream Guards, 2nd Batt. (2 comps.) 7 204 1 8 2 47 58
3rd Guards, 2nd Batt. (3 comps.) 8 314 1 14 2 85 102
2 comps. 2/95th Rifles 11 206 — 6 — 28 34
Total of Brigade 50 1,311 3 61 12 337 413
Wheatley’s Brigade:
1/28th Foot (8 comps.) 20 437 — 6 — 80 86
2/67th Foot 23 504 — 10 4 31 45
2/87th Foot 32 664 1 44 4 124 173
Total of Brigade 75 1,605 1 60 8 235 304
Browne’s Flank Battalion (2 comps, each of 1/9th, 1/28th, 2/82nd) 22 514 — 25 11 200 236
Barnard’s Flank Battalion (4 comps. 3/95th Rifles, 2 comps. 2/47th) 29 615 2 33 5 97 137
Flank Companies, 20th Portuguese 10 316 — 9 5 42 56
Cavalry, 2 squadrons 2nd Hussars K.G.L. 13 193 — — 2 32 34
Artillery 20 342 — 6 8 40 54
Royal Engineers 9 50 — 1 — 2 3
Staff Corps 2 35 — — — 1 1
Total of Army 236 4,981 6 195 51 986 1,238
Total of force was: Infantry, 4,533; Cavalry, 206; Artillery, 362; Engineers, &c., 96 = Grand Total, 5,217.
N.B.—Of these troops on the field, Dilkes’s brigade minus the 211 Coldstreamers, but plus 260 of the 2/67th and Browne’s flank battalion, formed the right column, while Wheatley’s brigade, minus one wing of the 2/67th, but plus the two Coldstream companies and Barnard’s flank battalion, was on the left. All the guns were with the latter column. Thus Dilkes’s command must have been about 1,950 strong, Wheatley’s about 2,883. The cavalry were absent with Whittingham on the coast-road till nearly the end of the engagement.
V
VICTOR’S ARMY AT BARROSA, AND ITS LOSSES
(1) TROOPS ENGAGED AGAINST THE BRITISH
Present. Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. O. M. O. M. O. M. Total.
Division Ruffin:
2/9th Léger 15 581 1 14 4 70 1 18 108
1/24th and 2/24th Ligne 37 1,156 2 33 7 214 3 21 280
1/24th and 2/24th Ligne 26 738 2 39 6 199 2 1 249
2 provisional batts. of Grenadiers see note[781] 1 20 5 136 1 59 222
Divisional Total 78 2,475 6 106 22 619 7 99 859
Division Laval:
1/8th and 2/8th Ligne 43 1,425 11 63 11 622 — 19 726
1/45th Ligne 27 683 1 7 — 44 — 3 55
1/54th and 2/54th Ligne 42 1,281 3 26 10 284 — — 323
Grenadier companies of the 3rd batts. of the 8th, 45th, 54th, 24th, 96th Ligne, and 9th Léger 19 530 — — — — see note[782] —
Divisional Total 131 3,919 15 96 21 950 — 22 1,104
Cavalry, 1st Dragoons 21 377 — 2 6 30 1 3 42
Artillery, 2 batteries 8 161 1 16 3 31 1 — 52
État-Major ? ? 2 — 2 — 1 — 5
General Total 238 6,932 24 220 54 1,630 10 124 2,062
(2) TROOPS ENGAGED AGAINST THE SPANIARDS, IN THE COMBAT BY THE TORRE BERMEJA
Present. Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. O. M. O. M. O. M. Total.
Division Villatte:
1/27th and 3/27th Léger 43 982 1 20 7 150 2 21 201
1/94th Ligne 15 535 1 9 3 49 — — 62
2/95th and 3/95th Ligne 30 1,026 — 1 — 32 — 1 34
Cavalry, 2nd Dragoons 19 270 — 3 — 12 — 4 19
Artillery, 1 battery 3 75 — — — — — — —
État-Major ? ? — — 1 — — — 1
110 2,881 2 33 11 243 2 26 317
N.B.—There were absent from their divisions:
(1) With Cassagne at Medina Sidonia—the 2/27th, 3/94th, 2/96th, 1/95th, and a battalion of voltigeur companies from the 3rd battalion of the 8th, 24th, 45th, 54th, 96th, and 6th Léger; also the 5th Chasseurs à Cheval.
(2) Left in garrison in the Cadiz lines—the 1/9th Léger, 2/45th and 2/94th Ligne.
(3) Taken away by Soult—the 63rd Ligne and 16th Léger.
VI
BRITISH LOSSES DURING THE COMBATS 11th-15th MARCH, 1811
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Total.
POMBAL, March 11th:
1/95th Foot — 1 1 4 — — 6
3rd Caçadores — 10 1 20 — — 31
Total — 11 2 24 — — 37
REDINHA, March 12th:
Light Division:
1/43rd Foot — — — 6 — — 6
1/52nd Foot — 2 3 21 — — 26
1/95th Foot — — 1 24 — 1 26
3rd Division:
2/5th Foot — 3 1 5 — — 9
1/45th Foot — — 1 6 — — 7
5/60th Foot — — — 10 — 4 14
1/88th Foot — — 1 3 — — 4
1/94th Foot — 2 1 13 — — 16
2/83rd Foot — — — 1 — — 1
3rd Division:
1st Royal Dragoons — — — 2 — — 2
4th Dragoons — — — 1 — — 1
Horse Artillery — — — 3 — — 3
Portuguese: From 1st, 3rd, 4th, and 6th Caçadores — 9 3 51 — 10 73
Total — 17 11 163 — 15 206
CAZAL NOVO, and other skirmishes of March 14th:
Light Division:
1/43rd Foot — — 3 11 — — 14
1/52nd Foot 1 8 3 52 — 1 65
1/95th Foot — 3 2 10 — — 15
3rd Division:
2/5th Foot — — — 8 — — 8
1/45th Foot — 1 — 9 — 1 11
5/60th Foot — — 1 3 — 1 5
74th Foot — — 1 4 — — 5
2/83rd Foot — — — 1 — — 1
1/88th Foot — — — 2 — 1 3
1/94th Foot — — — 4 — — 4
Portuguese — 2 1 21 — — 24
Total 1 14 11 125 — 4 155
FOZ DO AROUCE, March 15th:
Light Division:
1/52nd Foot — 2 — 3 — — 5
1/95th Foot — — 2 17 — — 19
3rd Division:
2/5th Foot — 1 — 7 — — 8
1/45th Foot — — — 1 — — 1
5/60th Foot 1 3 — 8 — — 12
74th Foot — — — 3 — — 3
1/88th Foot 1 — — 1 — — 2
1/94th Foot — — — 6 — — 6
1st Division:
1/79th Foot — 1 — 6 — — 7
2/24th Foot — — — 2 — — 2
2/42nd Foot — — — 3 — — 3
Portuguese — — — 2 — — 2
Total 2 7 2 60 — — 71
VII
BRITISH LOSSES AT SABUGAL, APRIL 3rd, 1811
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Total.
Light Division:
1/43rd Foot 1 7 5 67 — — 80
1/52nd Foot — 3 2 18 — — 23
1/95th Foot 1 1 2 12 — 1 17
2/95th Foot — 1 — 2 — — 3
3rd Division:
2/5th Foot — — 2 6 — — 8
1/45th Foot — — — 2 — 1 3
5/60th Foot — 2 — 2 — 1 5
2/83rd Foot — — — 1 — — 1
1/88th Foot — — — 2 — — 2
2/88th Foot — — — 3 — — 3
1/94th Foot — — — 2 — — 2
Royal Horse Artillery — — — 1 — — 1
1st Hussars K.G.L. — — — 1 — 1 2
Portuguese — 1 — 9 1[783] — 11
Total 2 15 11 128 1 5 162
N.B.—Note that of all the 594 casualties in action during the period of Masséna’s retreat all but 65 were in the Light and 3rd Divisions. All the officers killed or wounded belonged to those divisions, except two in the 4th and 6th Portuguese Caçadores wounded at Redinha.
VIII
FRENCH LOSSES AT SABUGAL, APRIL 3rd, 1811
[FROM A RETURN IN THE MINISTÈRE DE LA GUERRE, PARIS]
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Total.
2nd Corps. Merle’s Division:
2nd Léger 2 7 4 60 3 15 91
36th Ligne 1 8 5 63 1 18 96
4th Léger 1 1 5 57 1 19 84
Heudelet’s Division:
17th Léger 3 13 12 118 — 31 177
70th Ligne 6 9 11 122 — 96 244
31st Léger 2 2 — 6 — — 10
47th Ligne — 1 — 6 — 1 8
Cavalry (Pierre Soult):
1st Hussars — 7 — 4 1 — 12
8th Dragoons — — — 1 — — 1
25th Dragoons — — — 3 — — 3
22nd Chasseurs 1 4 — 11 — — 16
Chasseurs Hanovriens — 2 — 6 — — 8
Artillery 1 1 1 7 — — 10
17 55 38 464 6 180 760
N.B.—The disproportionate number of wounded to killed among rank and file, 464 to 55, or one to eight, while the normal proportion was about one to five, suggests that some of the numerous ‘missing’ were really killed. Note the excessive loss among officers, 61 to 699 rank and file, one to eleven instead of the usual one to twenty.
There is some reason to suppose that the figures are incomplete, as Martinien’s Liste des officiers tués et blessés gives 19 killed and 46 wounded by name. We find in these tables the 1st Hussars with an officer killed and three wounded, and the 70th Ligne with seven killed and thirteen wounded, &c.
IX
FORCE OF WELLINGTON’S ARMY AT FUENTES DE OÑORO
[FROM THE RETURN OF MAY 1]
Brigadier. Regiments. Officers. Sergeants, drummers, and rank and file. Regimental Total. Brigade Total of Effectives.
CAVALRY
Slade 1st Dragoons 24 364 388 766
14th Light Dragoons 25 353 378
Arentschildt 16th Dragoons 30 332 362 776
1st Hussars K.G.L. 30 384 414
Portuguese Brigade, Barbaçena 4th Line — 104 104 312[784]
10th Line — 208 208
Total Cavalry 109 1,745 1,854 1,854
INFANTRY
1st Division. Lieut.-General Sir Brent Spencer:
Stopford 3rd Guards, 1st batt. 24 935 959 1,943
Coldstream G., 1st batt. 31 909 940
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 2 42 44
Nightingale 24th Foot, 2nd batt. 22 349 371 1,774
42nd Foot, 2nd batt. 26 419 445
79th Foot, 1st batt. 39 883 922
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 1 35 36
Howard 50th Foot, 1st batt. 45 552 597 1,934
71st Foot, 1st batt. 42 455 497
92nd Foot, 1st batt. 41 723 764
3/95th Foot, 1 comp. 3 73 76
Löwe 1st Line Batt. K.G.L. 27 485 512 1,914
2nd Line Batt. K.G.L. 30 454 484
5th Line Batt. K.G.L. 29 393 422
7th Line Batt. K.G.L. 21 389 410
2 Light Comps. K.G.L. 5 81 86
Total 1st Division 388 7,177 7,565 7,565
3rd Division. Major-General T. Picton:
Mackinnon 45th Foot, 1st batt. 24 484 508 1,863
74th Regiment 24 461 485
88th Foot, 2nd batt. 30 657 687
3 comps. 5/60th Foot 6 177 183
Colville 5th Foot, 2nd batt. 28 476 504 1,967
83rd Foot, 2nd batt. 33 427 460
88th Foot, 2nd batt. 28 439 467
94th Regiment 31 505 536
Power’s Portuguese Brigade 9th Line, 2 batts. — 910[785] 910 1,650
21st Line, 2 batts. — 740[785] 740
Total 3rd Division 204 5,276 5,480 5,480
5th Division. Major-General Sir W. Erskine:
Hay 1st Foot, 3rd batt. 39 633 672 1,770
9th Foot, 1st batt. 28 599 627
38th Foot, 2nd batt. 21 381 402
1 comp. Brunswick Oels 3 66 69
Dunlop 4th Foot, 1st batt. 34 578 612 1,624
30th Foot, 2nd batt. 23 484 507
44th Foot, 3rd batt. 27 410 437
1 comp. Brunswick Oels 3 65 69
Spry’s Portuguese Brigade 3rd Line, 2 batts. — 724[785] 724 1,764
15th Line, 2 batts. — 556[785] 556
8th Caçadores, 1 batt. — 484[785] 484
Total 5th Division 178 4,980 5,158 5,158
6th Division. Major-General Alex. Campbell:
Hulse 11th Foot, 1st batt. 49 788 837 2,041
53rd Foot, 2nd batt. 21 438 459
61st Foot, 1st batt. 31 666 697
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 2 46 48
Burne 2nd Foot 30 528 558 1,072
36th Foot, 1st batt. 32 482 514
Madden’s Portuguese Brigade 8th Line, 2 batts. — 915[785] 915 2,137
12th Line, 2 batts. — 1,222[785] 1,222
Total 6th Division 165 5,085 5,250 5,250
7th Division. Major-General Houston:
Sontag 51st Foot, 2nd batt. 39 551 590 2,409
85th Foot 22 365 387
Chasseurs Britanniques 31 808 839
Brunswick Oels, 8 comps. 32 561 593
Doyle’s (late Collins’s) Portuguese Brigade 7th Line, 2 batts. — 713[786] 713 2,181
19th Line, 2 batts. — 1,026[786] 1,026
2nd Caçadores, 1 batt. — 442[786] 442
Total 7th Division 124 4,466 4,590 4,590
Light Division. Major-General R. Craufurd:
Beckwith 43rd Foot, 1st batt. 27 727 754 1,184
95th Foot, 1st batt. (4 comps.) 13 341 354
95th Foot, 2nd batt. (1 comp.) 4 72 76
Drummond 52nd Foot, 1st batt. 32 803 835 1,734
52nd Foot, 2nd batt. 32 510 542
95th Foot, 4th batt. (4 comps.) 14 343 357
Portuguese 1st Caçadores — 450[786] 450 897
3rd Caçadores — 447[786] 447
Total Light Division 122 3,693 3,815 3,815
Ashworth’s Portuguese Brigade, unattached 18th Line, 2 batts. — 986[786] 986 2,539
6th Line, 2 batts. — 1,130[786] 1,130
6th Caçadores — 423[786] 423
ARTILLERY
English H. A. (Bull’s and Ross’s troops) 10 157 167 987
English Field (Lawson’s and Thompson’s Companies) 10 260 270
Portuguese (4 batteries) — 550[786] 550
ENGINEERS 10 30 40 40
TRAIN 15 211 226 226
TOTAL
Cavalry 1,854
1st Division 7,565
3rd Division 5,480
5th Division 5,158
6th Division 5,250
7th Division 4,590
Light Division 3,815
Ashworth’s Portuguese 2,539
Artillery 987
Engineers 40
Train 226
Grand Total 37,504
[Total of Infantry, 34,397.]
N.B.—Pack’s Portuguese Brigade and the 2nd regiment from the 6th Division were absent, in charge of the blockade of Almeida.
X
BRITISH AND PORTUGUESE LOSSES AT FUENTES DE OÑORO
FIRST DAY, MAY 3rd, 1811
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Total.
1st Division. Spencer:
Nightingale’s Brigade
24th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 2 — — 2
42nd Foot, 2nd batt. — 1 1 6 — 1 9
79th Foot, 1st batt. 1 4 2 18 — — 25
Howard’s Brigade
30th Foot, 1st batt. — — 2 3 — — 5
71st Foot, 1st batt. 1 7 5 33 — 6 52
92nd Foot, 1st batt. — — 1 9 — — 10
3/95th Foot, 1 comp. — — 1 9 — — 10
Löwe’s Brigade
1st Line batt. K.G.L. — — — 4 — — 4
2nd Line batt. K.G.L. — — — 4 — — 4
5th Line batt. K.G.L. — — — 4 — — 4
7th Line batt. K.G.L. — — — 3 — — 3
Light comps. K.G.L. — 3 — 8 — — 11
Divisional Total 2 15 12 103 — 7 139
3rd Division. Picton:
Mackinnon’s Brigade
45th Foot, 1st batt. — — — — — 2 2
74th Foot, 1st batt. — 1 — 9 — — 10
88th Foot, 1st batt. — — — 5 — — 5
5/60th Foot, 3 comps. — 3 2 9 — 8 22
Colville’s Brigade
5th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 4 — — 4
83rd Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 9 — 3 12
88th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 6 — — 6
94th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 3 — — 3
Divisional Total — 4 2 45 — 13 64
Cavalry:
Slade’s Brigade
1st Dragoons — — — — — — —
14th Light Dragoons — 1 — 1 — 1 3
Arentschildt’s Brigade
16th Light Dragoons — — — — — — —
1st Hussars K.G.L. — — 1 4 — — 5
British General Total 2 20 15 153 — 21 211
Portuguese loss (nearly all in 6th Caçadores of Ashworth’s Brigade) — 14 6 27 — 1 48
General Total of Allied Loss 2 34 21 180 — 22 259
XI
BRITISH AND PORTUGUESE LOSSES AT FUENTES DE OÑORO
SECOND DAY, MAY 5th, 1811
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Total.
1st Division. Spencer:
Stopford’s Brigade
1st Coldstream Guards — 4 2 49 1 7 63
1st Scots Fusilier Guards 1 5 1 52 1 12 72
Nightingale’s Brigade
24th Foot, 2nd batt. 1 4 — 19 1 4 29
42nd Foot, 2nd batt. — 2 — 23 — — 25
79th Foot, 1st batt. — 27 9 126 — 94 256
Howard’s Brigade
30th Foot, 1st batt. — 3 — 21 — — 24
71st Foot, 1st batt. 2 11 4 71 2 37 127
92nd Foot, 1st batt. — 7 1 34 — — 42
3/95th Foot, 1 comp. 1 1 — 2 — 2 6
Löwe’s Brigade
1st Line batt. K.G.L. — — — 2 — 1 3
2nd Line batt. K.G.L. — 2 2 11 — 2 17
5th Line batt. K.G.L. — — — 8 — 3 11
7th Line batt. K.G.L. — 1 1 5 — 2 9
Light comps. K.G.L. — — — 3 — 2 5
Divisional Total 5 67 20 426 5 166 689
3rd Division. Picton:
Mackinnon’s Brigade
45th Foot, 1st batt. — 3 — 1 1 4 9
74th Foot, 1st batt. 1 2 2 54 — — 59
88th Foot, 1st batt. 1 1 2 47 — 1 52
5/60th Foot, 3 comps. — — 1 13 — — 14
Colville’s Brigade
5th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 3 — — 3
83rd Foot, 2nd batt. 1 5 1 28 — — 35
83rd Foot, 2nd batt. — — — — — — —
94th Foot — — 1 4 — — 5
Divisional Total 3 11 7 150 1 5 177
5th Division. Erskine:
Hay’s Brigade
1st Foot, 3rd batt. — — — 9 — — 9
9th Foot, 1st batt. — — — 4 — — 4
38th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — — — — —
Dunlop’s Brigade
4th Foot, 1st batt. — — — — — — —
30th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 4 — — 4
44th Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 4 — — 4
Divisional Total — — — 21 — — 21
6th Division. Campbell:
No losses whatever — — — — — — —
7th Division. Houston:
Sontag’s Brigade
51st Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 5 — 1 6
85th Foot, 2nd batt. 1 12 3 36 — 43 95
Chasseurs Britanniques — 30 4 17 — 7 58
Brunswick Oels — 1 1 6 — 10 18
Divisional Total 1 43 8 64 — 61 177
Light Division. Craufurd:
Beckwith’s Brigade
43rd Foot, 1st batt. — — — 9 — — 9
1/95th Foot, 4 comps. — — — 7 — — 7
Drummond’s Brigade
52nd Foot, 1st batt. — 1 — 6 — — 7
52nd Foot, 2nd batt. — — — 14 — — 14
2/95th Foot, 4 comps. — 2 — 4 — — 6
Divisional Total — 3 — 40 — — 43
Cavalry. Stapleton Cotton:
Slade’s Brigade
1st Dragoons — 4 1 36 — — 41
14th Light Dragoons — 3 5 27 — 3 38
Arentschildt’s Brigade
16th Light Dragoons — 7 2 16 1 1 27
1st Hussars K.G.L. — 2 2 39 — — 43
Cavalry Total — 16 10 118 1 4 149
Artillery. Howarth:
Horse — 1 — 1 — — 2
Field — 5 3 18 — — 26
General Staff — — 2 — — — 2
British General Total of May 5th 9 146 50 838 7 236 1286
Portuguese losses (mainly in the 2nd and 3rd Caçadores, and 6th and 21st Line) — 50 7 151 — 51 259
Allied General Total of May 5th 9 196 57 989 7 287 1545
Total of both days, May 3rd and 5th 11 230 78 1169 7 309 1804
XII
THE FRENCH ARMY AT FUENTES DE OÑORO, MAY 3-5, 1811
A. ARMY OF PORTUGAL, STATE OF MAY 1st
Officers. Men. Total.
2nd Corps. Reynier.
Division Merle:
Brigade Sarrut:
2nd Léger (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 55 1,812
36th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 55 1,595
4th Léger (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 61 1,313
171 4,720 4,891
Division Heudelet:
Brigade Godard:
17th Léger (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 58 1,166
70th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 52 1,026
Brigade Arnaud:
31st Léger (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 55 1,528
47th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 60 1,546
225 5,266 5,491
Cavalry Brigade:
1st Hussars 9 94
22nd Chasseurs 27 336
8th Dragoons 13 203
49 633 682
For Artillery, Sappers, Train, &c., see Total of Army.
Total of Corps 11,064
6th Corps. Loison.
Division Marchand:
Brigade Maucune:
6th Léger (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 43 1,202
69th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 54 1,537
Brigade Chemineau:
39th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 53 1,286
76th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 64 1,633
214 5,658 5,872
Division Mermet:
Brigade Ménard:
25th Léger (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 67 1,800
27th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 57 1,763
Brigade Taupin:
50th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 57 1,356
59th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.) 53 1,549
234 6,468 6,702
Division Ferey:
26th Ligne (4th, 5th, 6th batts.) 57 958
Légion du Midi (1 batt.) 16 369
Légion Hanovrienne (1 batt.) 19 412
66th Ligne (4th, 5th, 6th batts.) 63 1,307
82nd Ligne (4th, 6th batts.[787]) 44 987
199 4,033 4,232
Light Cavalry Brigade Lamotte:
3rd Hussars 12 152
15th Chasseurs 13 157
25 309 334
For Artillery, Sappers, Train, &c., see Total of Army.
Total of Corps 17,140
8th Corps. Junot.
[Clausel’s Division absent, guarding Communications.]
Solignac’s Division:
15th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.[788]) 55 1,206
86th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 3rd batts.) 60 1,440
65th Ligne (1st, 2nd, 4th batts.[788]) 51 1,512
Régiment Irlandais (1 batt.) 18 372
184 4,530 4,714
For Artillery, Sappers, Train, &c., see Total of Army.
9th Corps. Drouet.
Claparéde’s Division:
54th Ligne (1 batt.) 14 270
21st Léger (1 batt.) 16 613
28th Léger (1 batt.) 17 457
40th Ligne (1 batt.) 19 500
63rd Ligne (1 batt.) 19 499
88th Ligne (1 batt.) 18 635
64th Ligne (1 batt.) 20 563
100th Ligne (1 batt.) 15 499
103rd Ligne (1 batt.) 18 524
156 4,560 4,716
Conroux’s Division:
16th Léger (1 batt.) 16 593
9th Léger (1 batt.) 21 739
27th Léger (1 batt.) 19 648
8th Ligne (1 batt.) 17 599
24th Ligne (1 batt.) 17 625
45th Ligne (1 batt.) 18 427
94th Ligne (1 batt.) 18 678
95th Ligne (1 batt.) 20 594
96th Ligne (1 batt.) 18 521
164 5,424 5,588
Fournier’s Cavalry Brigade:
7th Chasseurs 12 270
13th Chasseurs 20 250
20th Chasseurs 16 226
48 746 794
For Artillery, Sappers, Train, &c., see Total of Army.
Total of Corps 11,098
Montbrun’s Reserve Cavalry:
Cavrois’s Brigade:
3rd Dragoons 12 81
10th Dragoons 12 126
15th Dragoons 11 219
Ornano’s Brigade:
6th Dragoons 21 305
11th Dragoons 11 167
25th Dragoons 22 200
89 1,098
Total Reserve 1,187
Artillery.
Twelve batteries with 31 officers and 931 men appear in the state of May 1 as totally destitute of horses, and were evidently left in cantonments. Five batteries were taken into the field, with 20 officers, 410 men, and 425 horses.
Engineers, Sappers, Train, Équipages Militaires.
The total strength of the Engineers and Sappers was 34 officers, 1,418 men.
Of the Train 17 officers, 1,175 men.
Of the Équipages Militaires 6 officers, 361 men.
How many of these were taken into the field it is impossible to say, but if we take the same proportion as in the artillery, viz. about 30 per cent., the total would be about 17 officers and 880 men.
Total Army of Portugal: Officers. Men.
2nd Corps, infantry and cavalry 445 10,619
6th Corps, infantry and cavalry 672 16,468
8th Corps, infantry 184 4,714
9th Corps, infantry and cavalry 368 10,730
Reserve Cavalry 89 1,098
Artillery 20 410
Sappers, Train, &c. 17 880
Total 1,795 44,919
B. ARMY OF THE NORTH, MARSHAL BESSIÈRES
Officers. Men.
Lepic’s Brigade of Guard-Cavalry:
Lancers 30 340
Chasseurs 13 222
Mamelukes 10 69
Grenadiers à cheval 12 185
65 816
Wathier’s Light Cavalry Brigade:
11th Chasseurs 11 220
12th Chasseurs 9 172
24th Chasseurs 7 193
5th Hussars 7 165
34 750
One battery of Artillery 3 70
Officers. Men. Of all Ranks.
Total Army of the North 102 1,636
Total Army of Portugal 1,795 44,919
General Total 1,897 46,555 48,452
N.B.—In Koch’s Life of Masséna there is a table purporting to be the strength of the Army of Portugal at Fuentes, and making it out to be only about 40,000, excluding gunners, engineers, train, &c., or presumably under 42,000 with them. This is not the May 1st return of the Imperial muster-roll at the Archives Nationales, and I do not know what authority it has. The figures given above are those of the official return.
XIII
MASSÉNA’S ORDERS FOR FUENTES DE OÑORO
DISPOSITIONS POUR LA JOURNÉE DU 5
Le 6me Corps se mettra en mouvement demain à 2 heures du matin, à l’exception de la 3me division, qui restera dans la position qu’elle occupe: les deux autres divisions, 1re et 2de, se remueront au soir, en deçà du grand mamelon de Nava de Aver, et en face de Pozzo Bello. Elles seront prêtes à marcher perpendiculairement sur la ligne de l’ennemi; les deux divisions auront leur artillerie avec elles, et se porteront à la petite pointe du jour, en colonne par divisions, sur le village de Pozzo Bello, pour attaquer l’ennemi dans la position qu’il occupe. La division Ferey, qui occupe une partie du village de Fuentes d’Onoro, fera ses dispositions comme si elle devrait attaquer l’ennemi sur ce point, sauf cependant rien hasarder.
Le 8me Corps se portera sur les hauteurs de Fuentes, et suivra la 2de division du 6me Corps, pour combattre dans le même ordre que ce corps; il aura avec lui toute son artillerie.
Le 2me Corps observera par sa droite l’important débouché d’Alameda qui conduit au Fort de la Conception: il fera cependant, pour seconder l’attaque de l’armée, une démonstration générale sur la ligne; il suivra l’ennemi dans tous ses mouvements, c’est-à-dire que si les forces qu’il a devant lui se porteraient au secours du gros de l’armée ennemie, qui est dans la direction de Fuentes d’Onoro, il le suivrait dans sa marche, pour le prendre par sa gauche: tandis que le gros de l’armée, qui l’aurait attaqué par Pozzo Bello, le prendrait par sa droite. Le Général Reynier fera éclairer, s’il le juge nécessaire, par la cavalerie la route du Fort de la Conception. S’il arrivait, ce qui n’est pas à présumer, que l’attaque de Pozzo Bello n’a pas tout le succès que l’on attend, et qu’elle fût repoussée, le Général Reynier ferait sa retraite sur Gallegos. Le Général en chef, qui se trouvera sur sa gauche, l’en ferait prévenir: mais ce serait toujours sur Gallegos, dans le cas où il n’en recevrait pas d’ordre, et après s’être bien assuré que le gros de l’armée serait en pleine retraite.
Le 9me Corps sera rendu avant le jour devant Fuentes d’Onoro, où il se mettra en bataille sur deux lignes, laissant une grande distance par régiment, pour donner à croire à l’ennemi que le 6me Corps occupe toujours la même position.
L’armée est prévenue que le Prince Général en chef se trouvera au 8me Corps.
M. le Général Montbrun, ayant sous ses ordres la réserve de dragons, la brigade Fournier, et la brigade Wathier, se placera à la gauche du 6me Corps, pour tourner les positions de l’ennemi et le prendre par la droite.
La Garde Impériale, qui est arrivée ce soir, coopérera demain à tous les mouvements de l’armée.
MASSÉNA.
XIV
FRENCH LOSSES AT FUENTES DE OÑORO
N.B.—I have been unable to find any detailed table by regiments in the Archives de la Guerre, or the Archives Nationales at Paris, and can only give the subjoined table of losses by corps.
Killed. Wounded. Missing.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Total.
Combat of May 3rd.
6th Corps (Divisions Ferey and Marchand) 7 69 17 392 3 164 652
Battle of May 5th.
2nd Corps (all in 31st Léger) — 3 3 46 — — 52
6th Corps (Divisions Ferey, Marchand, Mermet) 12 95 47 757 — 33 944
8th Corps (Division Solignac) — 2 — — — — 2
9th Corps (Divisions Conroux and Claparéde) 15 103 48 669 — — 835
Montbrun’s Cavalry 1 36 25 283 1 13 359
Total 35 308 140 2,147 4 210 2,844
So far as this return can be tested by Martinien’s Liste des Officiers tués et blessés pendant les Guerres de l’Empire, it appears to be very fairly accurate; Martinien accounts for 171 casualties, the return for 179. In detail the figures compare as follows:—
Killed. Wounded. Killed. Wounded. Missing.
2nd Corps, Martinien 0 4 In return 0 3 —
6th Corps, Martinien 22 63 In return 19 64 3
9th Corps, Martinien 14 41 In return 15 48 —
Cavalry, Martinien 1 26 In return 1 25 1
Totals 37 134 35 140 4
XV
THE ALLIED ARMY AT ALBUERA, AND ITS LOSSES, MAY 16, 1811.
I. BRITISH TROOPS
Present. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total Loss.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men.
2nd Division (William Stewart):
Colborne’s Brigade
1/3rd Foot 27 728 4 212 14 234 2 177 643
2/31st Foot 20 398 — 29 7 119 — — 155
2/48th Foot 29 423 4 44 10 86 9 190 343
2/66th Foot 24 417 3 52 12 104 — 101 272
Total of Brigade 100 1,966 11 337 43 543 11 468 1,413
Hoghton’s Brigade
29th Foot 31 476 5 75 12 233 — 11 336
1/48th Foot 33 464 3 64 13 194 — 6 280
1/57th Foot 31 616 2 87 21 318 — — 428
Total of Brigade 95 1,556 10 226 46 745 — 17 1,044
Abercrombie’s Brigade
2/28th Foot 28 491 — 27 6 131 — — 164
2/34th Foot 28 568 3 30 4 91 — — 128
2/39th Foot 33 449 1 14 4 77 — 2 98
Total of Brigade 89 1,508 4 71 14 299 — 2 390
Divisional Light Troops:
3 comps. 5/60th Foot 4 142 — 2 1 18 — — 21
Total 2nd Division 288 5,172 25 636 104 1,605 11 487 2,868
4th Division (Cole):
Myers’s Brigade
1/7th Fusiliers 27 687 — 65 15 277 — — 357
2/7th Fusiliers 28 540 2 47 13 287 — — 349
1/23rd R. W. Fusiliers 41 692 2 74 11 246 — 6 339
Total of Brigade 96 1,919 4 186 39 810 — 6 1,045
Kemmis’s Brigade, detachment of one company each of 2/27th, 1/40th, 97th Foot 8 157 1 5 — 14 — — 20
Total 4th Division 104 2,076 5 191 39 824 — 6 1,065
Alten’s Independent Brigade:
1st Light Batt. K.G.L. 23 565 — 4 4 59 — 2 69
2nd ditto 19 491 1 3 1 31 — 1 37
Total of Brigade 42 1,056 1 7 5 90 — 3 106
Cavalry (Lumley):
De Grey’s Brigade
3rd Dragoon Guards 23 351 1 9 — 9 — 1 20
4th Dragoons 30 357 — 3 2 18 2 2 27
13th Light Dragoons 23 380 — — — 1 — — 1
Total Cavalry 76 1,088 1 12 2 28 2 3 48
Artillery:
British (Batteries of Lefebure and Hawker) 9 246 — 3 1 10 — 1 15
K.G.L. (Batteries of Cleeves and Sympher) 10 282 — — 1 17 1 30 49
Staff ? ? 1 — 7 — — — 8
Grand Total of British 529 9,920 33 849 159 2,574 14 530 4,159
II. PORTUGUESE TROOPS
Officers and Men. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total Loss.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men.
Harvey’s Brigade (4th Division)
11th Regt. (2 batts.) 1,154 — 2 2 4 — 5 13
23rd Regt. (2 batts.) 1,201 1 3 1 14 — — 19
1st Batt. L.L.L. (1 batt.) 572 — 66 6 89 — 10 171
Hamilton’s Division
2nd Line (2 batts.) 1,225 — 3 — 5 — — 8
14th Line (2 batts.) 1,204 — — — 2 — — 2
4th Line (2 batts.) 1,271 — 9 1 50 — — 60
4th Line (2 batts.) 1,119 — — — 11 — — 11
Collins’s Brigade
5th Line (2 batts.) 985 — 10 4 36 — 10 60
5th Caçadores (1 batt.) 400 — 5 — 25 — 1 31
Cavalry (Otway)
1st Regt. 327 — — — — — — —
7th Regt. 314 — — — 2 — — 2
5th Regt. (1 squad.) 104 — — — — — — —
8th Regt. (1 squad.) 104 — — — — — — —
Artillery (batteries of Arriaga and Braun) 221 — 2 — 8 — — 10
Staff ? 1 — 1 — — — 2
Grand Total of Portuguese 10,201 2 100 15 246 — 26 389
GRAND TOTAL OF BERESFORD’S ARMY
Infantry British, 8,738; Portuguese, 9,131 = 17,869
Cavalry British, 1,164; Portuguese, 849 = 2,013
Artillery British, 255; Portuguese, 221 = 476
Grand Total 20,358 of all arms.
General Total of Losses: British, 4,159; Portuguese, 389 = 4,548.
III. SPANISH TROOPS[789]
Present. Killed. Wounded. Total Loss.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men.
(1) BLAKE’S ARMY
Vanguard Division (Lardizabal):
Murcia (2 batts.), Canarias, 2nd of Leon, Campo Mayor 107 2,291 4 59 13 215 291
3rd Division (Ballasteros):
1st of Catalonia, Barbastro, Pravia, Lena, Castropol, Cangas de Tineo, Infiesto 154 3,371 3 64 15 193 275
4th Division (Zayas):
2nd and 4th Spanish Guards, Irlanda, Patria, Toledo, Legion Estranjera, 4th Walloon Guards, Ciudad Real 197 4,685 — 106 26 549 681[790]
Cavalry (Loy):
Santiago, Husares de Castilla, Granaderos, Escuadron de Instruccion 93 1,072 — 7 2 31 40
Artillery (1 battery) 7 96 — 2 — 7 9
Staff ? ? 2 — 9 — 11
Total of Blake’s troops 558 11,515 9 238 65 995 1,307
(2) CASTAÑOS’S ARMY
Carlos de España’s Infantry:
3 batts., Rey, Zamora, Voluntarios de Navarra, 1 company Sappers 57 1,721 — — 4 29 33
Penne Villemur’s Cavalry:
Detachments of seven regiments, none over 1 squadron strong 87 634 — 11 3 14 28
Artillery (1 battery) 4 58 — — — — —
Total of Castaños’s Troops 148 2,413 — 11 7 43 61
Grand Total of Spaniards 706 13,928 9 249 72 1,038 1,368
GRAND TOTAL OF THE ALLIED ARMY
British Present of all arms, 10,449 Losses, 4,159
Portuguese Present of all arms, 10,201 Losses, 389
Spaniards Present of all arms, 14,634 Losses, 1,368
Total 35,284 5,916
XVI
SOULT’S ARMY AT ALBUERA, AND ITS LOSSES
[The strength from a return of May 1st, filed under June 1st, in the Archives Nationales. The losses from a return in the Archives de la Guerre, dated July 19th.]
Present. Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total Loss.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men.
INFANTRY[791]
5th Corps.
1st Division (Girard):
34th Line (2nd and 3rd batts.) 23 930 4 104[792] 13 298 — — 419
40th Line (1st and 2nd batts.) 35 778 4 35 9 226 1 73 348
64th Line (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 50 1,539 5 99 18 361 — 168 651
88th Line (2nd and 3rd batts.) 21 878 — — 5 253 6 141[793] 405
2nd Division (Gazan):
21st Léger (2nd and 3rd batts.) 43 745 3 61 11 154 2 24 255
100th Line (1st and 2nd batts.) 33 705 4 50 8 152 2 51 267
28th Léger (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 62 1,305 7 53 10 313 1 112 496
103rd Line (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 38 1,252 4 48 10 148 3 74 287
Total 5th Corps 305 8,132 31 450 84 1,905 15 643 3,128
Werlé’s Brigade:
12th Léger (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 62 2,102 3 108 14 511 1 132 769
58th Line (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 58 1,757 4 68 235 511 — 38 351
58th Line (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 55 1,587 6 23 15 258 2 24 328
Brigade Total 175 5,446 13 199 35 1,004 3 194 1,448
Godinot’s Brigade:
16th Léger (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 49 1,624 — 39 7 321 — 12 381
51st Line (1st, 2nd, and 3rd batts.) 65 2,186 — 2 — 1 — — 3
Brigade Total 114 3,810 2 41 7 322 — 12 384
Grenadiers Réunis of 45th, 63rd, 95th Line, of 1st Corps, and 4th Poles of 4th Corps (11 comps.)[794] 33 1,000 Only gross total of losses given. (10 officers and 362 men) 372
Total Infantry 627 18,388 46 690 126 3,230 18 849 5,332
Cavalry (Latour-Maubourg).
Briche’s Brigade:
2nd Hussars 23 282 1 4 3 57 — 8 73
10th Hussars 24 238 1 3 4 21 — 3 32
21st Chasseurs 21 235 — 3 3 19 — — 25
Bron’s Brigade:
4th Dragoons 21 385 3 27 1 38 — 1 70
20th Dragoons 22 244 1 6 3 10 1 4 25
26th Dragoons 27 394 1 5 2 12 — 1 21
Bouvier des Éclats’s Brigade:
14th Dragoons 17 299 — 6 1 17 — — 24
17th Dragoons 17 297 — 12 3 29 — 1 45
27th Dragoons 14 235 — 2 3 11 — 3 19
Unattached Cavalry:
1st Lancers of the Vistula 28 563 1 41 9 78 1 — 130
27th Chasseurs 22 409 — 7 2 11 1 5 26
4th Spanish Chasseurs 14 181 — 2 — 4 — — 6
Cavalry Total 250 3,762 8 118 34 307 3 26 496
Artillery Génie Train:
Of 5th Corps 18 590 1 19 3 72 — — 95
Of other Units 25 600 No returns whatever. ?
État-Major ? ? 5 — 8 — — — 13
Total of Army 920 23,340 60 827 171 3,610 21 875 5,936
Return of casualties is signed Mocquery, 19 Juillet 1811.
Total present, 24,260. Total losses, 5,936.
N.B.—The losses cannot be quite complete. Not only is the return for artillery and engineers, &c., for all units except the 5th Corps missing, but Martinien’s lists, which are absolutely secure evidence, since they give the name and regiment of every officer hit, show much larger totals than this report, 362 casualties instead of 241. This enormous difference of 121 casualties among officers, reported in the regimental lists, but ignored by Soult, cannot be explained away by adding the 21 prisoners to his total of 241, granting that all the prisoners were wounded. This still leaves a balance of 100 unaccounted for. The details of difference and of total casualties are:—
Soult. Martinien.
Staff 13 27
34th 17 15
40th 14 23
64th 23 26
88th 11 12
21st Léger 16 13
100th 14 20
28th Léger 18 30
103rd Ligne 17 18
12th Léger 18 29
55th 10 14
58th 23 24
16th Léger 9 17
Grenadiers 10 13
2nd Hussars 4 5
10th Hussars 5 7
21st Chasseurs 3 5
4th Dragoons 4 11
20th Dragoons 5 12
26th Dragoons 3 3
14th Dragoons 1 1
17th Dragoons 3 6
27th Dragoons 3 5
1st Lancers 11 14
27th Chasseurs 3 3
4th Spanish Chasseurs — 3
Artillery Génie Train 4 6
262 362
See notes in text above, p. 395.
XVII
STRENGTH OF THE SPANISH ARMIES IN THE SUMMER OF 1811
By the kindness of Commandant Figueras of the Department of Archives in the War Ministry at Madrid, I am able to give the following sets of figures for the armies in the summer campaign of 1811. Unfortunately there is none for the Army of Catalonia (‘1st Army’ or ‘Army of the Right’) whose main body was destroyed at Tarragona in July. The others work out as follows:—
2nd Army, or Army of Valencia. General Charles O’Donnell.
Officers. Men.
1st Division: Major-General José Miranda 192 4,863 = 5,055 present under arms.
2nd Division: Major-General Conde de Romré 108 2,892 = 3,000 ”
3rd Division: Major-General Luis Bassecourt 47 2,006 = 2,053 ”
4th Division: Major-General José Obispo 226 4,933 = 5,159 ”
Flying Column of the Empecinado ? 3,220 = 3,220 ”
Reserve (new levies): Major-General B. Acuña 59 3,640 = 3,699 ”
Artillery 22 472 = 494 ”
Engineers 10 218 = 228 ”
June 1st, Field Army. 664 22,244 = 22,908 ”
Garrisons of Saguntum, Oropesa, Peniscola 55 1,944 = 1,999 ”
N.B.—The cavalry regiments were not brigaded, but distributed among the divisions, each having one regiment, save Miranda’s division, which had two. Total about 2,565 sabres.
3rd Army, or Army of Murcia. General Manuel Freire.
Officers. Men.
1st Division: Brigadier-Gen. A. La Cuadra 163 3,852 = 4,015 present under arms.
2nd Division: Brigadier-Gen. Juan Creagh 166 4,276 = 4,442 ”
3rd Division: Brigadier-Gen. Antonio Sanz 146 3,074 = 3,220 ”
1st Cavalry Division: Brigadier-Gen. M. Ladron 129 885 = 1,014 ”
2nd ditto: Brigadier-Gen. V. Osorio 80 629 = 709 ”
Artillery 35 751 = 786 ”
Engineers 22 245 = 267 ”
June 1st, Total Field Army 741 13,712 = 14,453 ”
Garrison of Cartagena 116 2,064 = 2,180 ”
5th Army, or Army of Estremadura. General Francisco Xavier Castaños.
Officers. Men.
1st Division: Brigadier-Gen. Carlos de España 143 3,333 = 3,476 present under arms.
Cavalry Brigade: Conde de Penne Villemur 79 618 = 697 ”
Artillery 20 448 = 468 ”
Engineers 2 98 = 100 ”
June 1st, Total Field Army 244 4,497 = 4,741 ”
Garrisons of Albuquerque, Valencia de Alcantara, &c. 165 2,688 = 2,853 ”
6th Army, or Army of Galicia. General Santocildes, vice General Abadia.
1st Division: Major-General Losada (Asturians) 5,459 present under arms.
2nd Division: Major-General Taboada 3,994 ”
3rd Division: Major-General Cabrera 2,567 ”
Reserve at Lugo 2,654 ”
Cavalry 631 ”
15,305
No figures for garrisons of Ferrol, Vigo, and Corunna, but they are believed to have amounted to about 5,500 men.
XVIII
STRENGTH OF THE FRENCH ARMY IN SPAIN, JULY 15, 1811
[From the returns in the Archives Nationales, Paris.]
I. ARMY OF THE SOUTH. Marshal Soult.
1st Corps. Marshal Victor (including battalions of 9th Corps incorporated on June 28).
Division Conroux: 9th Léger (4 batts.), 24th, 96th Ligne (3 batts. each) 5,905 present
Division Godinot: 8th Ligne (4 batts.), 16th Léger, 45th, 54th Ligne (3 batts. each) 8,133 ”
Division Villatte: 27th Léger, 63rd, 94th, 95th Ligne (3 batts. each) 5,802 ”
Perreymond’s Light Cavalry: 2nd Hussars, 5th Chasseurs 1,015 ”
Latour-Maubourg’s Dragoons: 1st, 2nd, 4th, 9th, 14th, 26th regiments 2,905 ”
Artillery and Engineers, &c. 1,985 ”
Marines and sailors of Cadiz Lines flotilla 1,456 ”
27,201
Gross total of Corps with sick and detached added is 35,940.
4th Corps. General Sebastiani (including battalions incorporated from 9th Corps).
Division Ligier-Belair: 12th Léger (3 batts.), 32nd, 43rd, 58th Ligne (4 batts. each) 10,947 present
Division Dembouski: 4th, 7th, 9th Poles (2 batts. each) 4,918 ”
Ormancey’s Light Cavalry: 10th Chasseurs, 1st Lancers of the Vistula 1,595 ”
Milhaud’s Dragoons: 5th, 12th, 16th, 20th, 21st regiments 1,595 ”
Artillery and Engineers 886 ”
20,830
Gross total of Corps with sick and detached added is 22,889.
5th Corps. Count Drouet D’Erlon (including battalions incorporated from 9th Corps).
Division Girard: 34th, 40th Ligne (2 batts. each), 64th, 88th Ligne (3 batts. each) 4,253 present
Division Claparéde: 21st, 28th Léger, 100th, 103rd Ligne (3 batts. each) [Not including 1 batt. each of 34th, 40th, 88th, 100th Ligne, and 21st Léger in garrison at Badajoz.] 4,183 ”
Briche’s Light Cavalry: 10th Hussars, 21st Chasseurs 515 ”
Artillery and Engineers [not including Badajoz garrison] 618 ”
Garrison of Badajoz (5 battalions and detachments of artillery, &c.) 2,887 ”
12,456
Gross total of Corps with sick and detached added is 22,296.
N.B.—This enormous proportion of absentees is largely due to the Albuera wounded, who had not yet rejoined.
Troops not included in the three Corps:
Brigade in the Kingdom of Cordova: 51st, 55th Ligne (3 batts. each) 5,017 present
Unattached Cavalry: 17th, 27th Dragoons, 27th Chasseurs, 4th Spanish Chasseurs 1,942 ”
Unattached Artillery, Engineers, Train, &c. 1,381 ”
Total Army of the South, 68,827 present under arms.
Gross total, including sick and detached, 90,186.
II. ARMY OF THE CENTRE. King Joseph.
The King’s French Guards, no figures given, but about 2,500 present
Spanish Division Hugo (10 battalions, 3 squadrons) 5,060 ”
Brigade Dessolles: 75th Ligne (3 batts.), 28th Ligne (2½ batts.) 3,208 ”
German Division: 2nd Nassau and Baden (2 batts. each), Frankfort (1 batt.), 123rd Ligne (late Dutch 2nd regt.)[795] 4,214 ”
Treillard’s Light Horse: Westphalian and Nassau Chasseurs 663 ”
Lahoussaye’s Dragoons: 13th, 18th, 19th, 22nd regts. 2,213 ”
Artillery and Engineers, &c. 1,268 ”
Drafts for Armies of South and Portugal at Madrid, &c. 4,013 ”
Total 23,139
Gross total of Army, with sick and detached, 25,537.
III. ARMY OF PORTUGAL.[796] Marshal Marmont, Duke of Ragusa.
Division Foy: 6th Léger, 39th, 69th, 76th Ligne (3 batts. each) 5,541 present
Division Clausel: 25th Léger, 27th, 50th, 59th Ligne (3 batts. each) 6,501 ”
Division Ferey: 31st Léger, 47th, 70th Ligne (3 batts. each), 26th (2 batts.) 5,072 ”
Division Sarrut: 2nd and 4th Léger, 36th Ligne (3 batts. each) 4,922 ”
Division Maucune: 15th, 66th, 82nd, 86th Ligne (3 batts. each) 5,049 ”
Division Brennier: 17th Léger (3 batts.), 22nd Ligne (4 batts.), 65th Ligne (3 batts.), Irlandais and Regiment de Prusse (1 batt. each) 5,332 ”
Lamotte’s Light Cavalry: 1st and 3rd Hussars, 15th and 22nd Chasseurs 613 ”
Fournier’s Light Cavalry: 7th, 17th, 20th Chasseurs 701 ”
Wathier’s Light Cavalry: 11th and 24th Chasseurs, 5th Hussars 564 ”
Montbrun’s Dragoons: 3rd, 6th, 8th, 10th, 11th, 15th, 25th regts. 1,463 ”
Artillery, Train, Engineers, &c. 2,875 ”
Total 38,633
Gross Total of Army, with sick (12,668) and detached, 57,949.
IV. ARMY OF ARAGON. Marshal Suchet.
Division Musnier: 1st Léger, 114th and 121st Ligne (3 batts. each), 1st Vistula (2 batts.) 7,689 present
Division Frère: 14th and 42nd Ligne (3 batts. each), 115th (4 batts.), 2nd Vistula (2 batts.) 7,826 ”
Division Harispe: 7th Ligne (4 batts.), 116th (3 batts.), 44th, and 3rd Vistula (2 batts. each) 6,380 ”
Division Habert: 5th Léger (2 batts.), 16th and 117th Ligne (3 batts. each) 4,433 ”
Italian Division Peyri: 1st and 2nd Léger, 4th, 5th, and 6th Line (2 batts. each), Dragons Napoléon, Chasseurs Royaux (2 squadrons each) 4,892 ”
Neapolitan Brigade Compère: 1st and 2nd Ligne, 1st Léger (1 batt. each), and 2 squadrons of Chasseurs 1,808 ”
Boussard’s Cavalry Brigade: 13th Cuirassiers, 4th Hussars, 24th Dragoons 1,876 ”
Artillery, Engineers, Train, &c. 3,645 ”
Garrisons 2,244 ”
Drafts on the march 2,990 ”
Total 43,783
Gross Total of Army with sick and detached, 51,088.
V. ARMY OF THE NORTH. General Dorsenne.
(a) Imperial Guard, Divisions Dumoustier and Roguet, 4 regiments of Voltigeurs, 4 of Tirailleurs, 1 of Chasseurs, 1 of Fusiliers-Chasseurs, 1 bataillon de marche 15,166 present
Lepic’s Guard Cavalry 1,189 ”
Cavalry attached (Lancers of Berg) 835 ”
Guard Artillery, &c. 878 ”
(b) Navarre, Division Reille, 10th, 21st, 81st Ligne (4 batts. each), 60th Ligne (3 batts.) 8,221 ”
Navarre, over and above Reille, garrisons, and drafts 1,623 ”
Biscay, Division Caffarelli: 10th Léger (4 batts.), 5th Léger, 3rd, 52nd, 105th Ligne (3 batts. each) 7,543 ”
Biscay, over and above Caffarelli, 130th Léger (3 batts.), and drafts, &c. 4,340 ”
Burgos, Division Souham: 1st, 62nd, 101st Ligne (4 batts. each), 23rd Léger (2 batts.) 7,971 ”
Burgos, over and above Souham, provisional battalions, garrisons, and drafts 8,714 ”
Valladolid and Salamanca, Division Serras: 113th Ligne (2 batts.), 12th Léger, 2nd and 4th Swiss, Garde de Paris (1 batt. each), and cavalry, &c. 5,063 ”
Valladolid and Salamanca, over and above Serras, 34th Ligne (3 batts.), 4th Vistula (2 batts.), Neuchâtel (1 batt.), 6 bataillons de marche, and cavalry attached 8,106 ”
Asturias, Division Bonnet: 118th, 119th, 122nd Ligne (3 batts. each), 120th Ligne (4 batts.) 7,962 ”
Artillery, Engineers, &c., in the five governments named above 2,367 ”
Italian Division Severoli (destined for Suchet’s Army): 1st and 2nd Léger, 4th and 6th Ligne (1 batt. each), 1st and 7th Ligne (3 batts. each) 7,661 ”
Italian Artillery, Engineer, and Cavalry Drafts with Severoli 803 ”
Total 88,442
Gross Total of Army, including sick and detached, 99,442.
VI. ARMY OF CATALONIA. Marshal MacDonald.
Division Maurice Mathieu: 5th Ligne (3 batts.), 18th Léger, 23rd and 56th Ligne (1 batt. each), 1st of Nassau (2 batts.) 5,411 present
Division Quesnel: 79th Ligne (3 batts.), 23rd Léger (2 batts.), 93rd Ligne(1 batt.), 29th Chasseurs (3 squadrons) 3,890 ”
Division Plauzonne: 3rd Léger (4 batts.), 11th Ligne (3 batts.), 32nd Léger (1 batt.) 4,389 ”
Brigade Petit: 67th Ligne (4 batts.), 16th and 81st Ligne (1 batt. each) 2,416 ”
Brigade Lefebvre: 8th Léger, 37th and 60th Ligne (1 batt. each), regiment of Westphalia, and 3 provisional battalions 3,725 ”
Garrison of Montlouis: Würzburg and 2nd Swiss (1 batt. each) 1,429 ”
Garrison of Rosas 477 ”
Garrison of Gerona: 102nd Ligne (2 batts.), Berg and Valais (1 batt. each) 1,429 ”
Artillery, Engineers, &c. 824 ”
Total 23,590
Gross Total of Army, including sick and detached, 30,259.
GENERAL TOTAL OF FRENCH ARMY IN SPAIN
Present under Arms. Gross Total.
Army of the South 68,827 90,186
Army of the Centre 23,139 25,537
Army of Portugal 38,633 57,949
Army of Aragon 48,783 51,088
Army of the North 88,442 99,442
Army of Catalonia 23,590 30,259
291,414 354,461
Not including General Monthion’s ‘Reserve of the Army of Spain’ at Bayonne, with 251 officers and 8,047 men.
XIX
THE FRENCH AND SPANISH FORCES AT THE SIEGE OF TARRAGONA
I. SUCHET’S ARMY
N.B.—The divisional and brigade organization is provisional; compare for theoretical organization, p. 640.
Frère’s Division: 1st Léger (3 batts.), 1st of the Vistula (2 batts.), 14th Ligne (1 batt.), 42nd Ligne (3 batts.) 4,821 present
Harispe’s Division: 7th and 16th Ligne (3 batts. each), Italian 2nd Léger and 4th, 5th, 6th Ligne (2 batts. each) 6,561 ”
Habert’s Division: 5th Léger, 116th and 117th Ligne (2 batts. each) 3,088 ”
Abbé’s Brigade (arrived in June): 114th, 115th, 121st Ligne (2 batts. each) 3,657 ”
Total Infantry 18,127
Boussard’s Cavalry: 24th Dragoons, 13th Cuirassiers (3 squadrons each), 4th Hussars, Italian Dragons de Napoléon (2 squadrons each) 1,447 ”
Artillery and Artillery Train 1,352 ”
Engineers and Train 708 ”
General Total 21,634
II. THE SPANISH GARRISON
There are unfortunately no figures forthcoming at Madrid for the Army of Catalonia between December 10th, 1810, and August 1811, all apparently having been lost or destroyed at the siege of Tarragona. In December the Army of Catalonia had consisted of—Sarsfield’s Division, 5,462 men present; Courten’s, 4,791 men present; Eroles’s, 2,538 men present; garrisons (Tortosa, Tarragona, Seu d’Urgel, &c.), 13,040 = Total 25,651.
Of these there seem to have been present in Tarragona, in May and June, the whole of Courten’s division, presumably still somewhat under 5,000 men (regiments of America, Granada, Almanza, and Almeria, 9 batts.), a sedentary garrison composed of 6 battalions of the new Catalan ‘sections’ or local line and a few other troops, and the greater part of Sarsfield’s division, sent in by Campoverde on June 10th, with some small succours sent from Valencia and elsewhere. The whole must have made up some 15,000 men, though such a number was not present at any one time within the walls. According to Suchet’s surrender-roll of the garrison (see Belmas, iii. 601) there were still 8,000 men surviving at the moment of the storm, June 28th, 1811, viz.:—
Courten’s Division:
America 351
Almanza 613
Almeria 464
Granada 365
1,793
Sedentary Garrison:
Catalan ‘Sections’ 1,936
Tarragona 125
Artillery 793
Sappers and Engineers 166
3,020
Other Troops (mainly from Sarsfield’s Division):
Santa Fé 343
2nd of Savoia 655
Iliberia 368
Saragossa 280
Gerona 241
1st of Savoia 502
Cazadores de Valencia 664
Grenadiers 164
Miscellaneous detachments and isolated officers 70
Cavalry 166
3,453
General Total 8,266
XX
WELLINGTON’S ARMY ON THE BEIRA FRONTIER
[FROM THE RETURN OF SEPTEMBER 15, 1811.]
BRITISH CAVALRY (Stapleton Cotton)
Slade’s Brigade 1st Royal Dragoons 406
112th Light Dragoons 372
Alten’s Brigade 11th Light Dragoons 377
1st Hussars K.G.L. 413
Anson’s Brigade 14th Light Dragoons 344
16th Light Dragoons 373
De Grey’s Brigade[797] 3rd Dragoon Guards 369
4th Dragoons 358
Total British Cavalry, 161 officers, 2,851 men = 3,012.
BRITISH INFANTRY
1st Division. Lieut.-General Sir Thomas Graham.
H. Campbell’s Brigade 1st Coldstream Guards 877
1st Scots Fusilier Guards 886
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 48
Stopford’s Brigade 2/24th Foot 300
1/26th Foot 538
2/42nd Foot 368
1/79th Foot 374
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 38
Löwe’s Brigade 1st Line battalion K.G.L 533
2nd ditto 502
5th ditto 462
Total 1st Division = 4,926.
3rd Division. Major-General T. Picton.
Wallace’s (vice Mackinnon) Brigade 1/45th Foot 444
74th Foot 519
1/88th Foot 935
3 companies 5/60th Foot 243
Colville’s Brigade 2/5th Foot 462
77th Foot 560
2/83rd Foot 401
94th Foot 424
Total 3rd Division, 207 officers, 3,781 men = 3,988.
4th Division. Major-General Lowry Cole.
Kemmis’s Brigade 3/27th Foot 770
1/40th Foot 877
97th Foot 279
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 37
Pakenham’s Brigade 1/7th Fusiliers 552
1/23rd R.W. Fusiliers 554
1/48th Foot 383
1 comp. Brunswick Oels 49
Total 4th Division, 155 officers, 3,346 men = 3,501.
5th Division. Brigadier-General Dunlop (for Leith).
Hay’s Brigade 3/1st Foot 682
1/9th Foot 626
2/38th Foot 263
1 comp. Brunswick Oels 63
Dunlop’s Brigade 1/4th Foot 525
2/30th Foot 388
2/44th Foot 392
1 comp. Brunswick Oels 52
Total 5th Division, 162 officers, 2,829 men = 2,991.
6th Division. Major-General A. Campbell.
Hulse’s Brigade 1/11th Foot 740
2/53rd Foot 417
1/61st Foot 624
1 comp. 5/60th Foot 40
Burne’s Brigade 2nd Foot 543
1/32nd Foot 794
1/36th Foot 460
Total 6th Division, 181 officers, 3,437 men = 3,618.
7th Division. Major-General Sontag.
V. Alten’s Brigade 1st Light Batt. K.G.L. 602
2nd Light Batt. K.G.L. 516
Brunswick Oels (9 comps.) 536
Sontag’s Brigade 51st Foot 309
68th Foot 479
85th Foot (5 comps.) 166
Chasseurs Britanniques 671
Total 7th Division, 161 officers, 3,118 men = 3,279.
Light Division. Major-General R. Craufurd.
Barnard’s Brigade 1/43rd Foot 1,005
4 comps. 1/95th 317
1 comp. 2/95th 86
detachment 3/95th 297
2nd Brigade 1/52nd Foot 771
2/52nd Foot 432
4 companies 1/95th 339
Total Light Division, 148 officers, 3,099 men = 3,247.
Light Division. Major-General R. Craufurd.
ARTILLERY[798]
British: Bull’s, Ross’s, and Macdonald’s Troops R.H.A., Lawson’s and Bredin’s companies R.A. (including drivers) 464
German: Sympher’s company K.G.L. 77
ENGINEERS[798] 143
WAGGON TRAIN[798] 136
TOTAL BRITISH ARMY
Cavalry 3,012
1st Division 4,920
3rd Division 3,988
4th Division 3,501
5th Division 2,991
6th Division 3,018
7th Division 3,279
Light Division 3,247
Artillery 541
Engineers 143
Waggon Train 136
Total 29,382
PORTUGUESE (officers and men together)
3rd Division: Palmeirim’s Brigade (9th and 21st Line) 1,289
4th Division: Collins’s Brigade (11th and 23rd Line, 7th Caçadores) 2,982
5th Division: Spry’s Brigade (3rd and 15th Line, 8th Caçadores) 2,014
6th Division: Madden’s Brigade (8th and 12th Line) 2,069
7th Division: Coleman’s Brigade (7th and 19th Line, 2nd Caçadores) 1,823
Light Division: 1st and 3rd Caçadores 953
Pack’s Independent Brigade (1st and 16th Line, 4th Caçadores) 2,206
McMahon’s Independent Brigade (13th and 22nd Line, 5th Caçadores) 2,489
Madden’s Cavalry (1st, 3rd, 4th, 7th regiments) 1,014
Artillery, 5 batteries 1,014
Total 17,349
Total Allied Army = 46,731.
XXI
ALLIED LOSSES AT THE COMBAT OF EL BODON. SEPTEMBER 25, 1811
BRITISH LOSSES
Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total Loss.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men.
11th Light Dragoons — 8 2 14 — — 24
1st Hussars, King’s German Legion — 5 2 32 — 5 44
2/5th Foot — 5 1 13 — — 19
1/45th Foot — — — — — 1 1
77th Foot — 4 — 14 — 5 23
2/83rd Foot — 5 — 14 — 5 24
1/88th Foot — — — — — 5 5
94th Foot — — — — — 1 1
— 27 5 87 — 22 141
Portuguese (Artillery and 21st Line) — 1 — 5 — 2 8
Total Allied loss, 149.
On the same day there took place the separate combat of Carpio, in which the British loss was—
14th Light Dragoons — — 1 2 — — 3
16th Light Dragoons — — — 8 — 1 9
Total, 12 killed, wounded, and missing.
XXII
ALLIED LOSSES AT THE COMBAT OF ALDEA DA PONTE SEPTEMBER 28, 1811
BRITISH LOSSES
Killed. Wounded. Missing. Total Loss.
Offs. Men. Offs. Men. Offs. Men.
Royal Horse Artillery — — 1 — — — 1
1st Royal Dragoons — — — 3 — 1 4
12th Light Dragoons — — — 2 — 4 6
1/7th Fusiliers — 9 4 29 — — 42
1/23rd Fusiliers 1 2 2 13 — 1 19
1/48th Foot — — 1 7 — 2 10
5/60th — — 1 — — — 1
Brunswick Oels — 1 — 3 — — 4
1 12 9 57 — 8 87
Portuguese Losses — 1 — 11 — 1 13
Total loss of the Allied Army = 100.
XXIII
HILL’S FORCE IN ESTREMADURA SEPTEMBER-OCTOBER 1811
Officers. Men. Total.
2nd Division:
Byng’s Brigade: 1/3rd, 1/57th, 2/31st, 2/66th 306 5,548 5,854
Howard’s Brigade: 1/50th, 1/71st, 1/92nd
Wilson’s Brigade: 1/28th, 1/34th, 1/39th
Hamilton’s Portuguese Division:
2nd, 4th, 10th, 14th Line (2 batts. each) 224 4,858 5,082
Ashworth’s Portuguese Brigade:
6th and 18th Line and 6th Caçadores (5 batts.) 81 2,338 2,419
CAVALRY. Major-General Sir W. Erskine:
Long’s Cavalry Brigade: 9th and 13th Light Dragoons, 2nd Hussars K.G.L. 50 803 853
Le Marchant’s Brigade: 3rd Dragoons, 4th Dragoon Guards 36 929 965
Brigade of Portuguese Cavalry (5th and 8th regts.) 57 591 648
[799]Artillery, British: Lefebure’s Troop R.H.A., Hawker’s and Meadows’s Companies R.A., about 20 320 340
[799]Artillery, Portuguese: 2 companies (Arriaga and Braun), about 10 220 230
[799]Engineers and Train, about 13 80 93
General Total 797 15,687 16,484
XXIV
BRITISH AND PORTUGUESE ARTILLERY IN THE CAMPAIGN OF 1811
Major J. H. Leslie, R.A., the editor of the ‘Dickson Manuscripts,’ has been good enough to compile and annotate the following list of the Artillery units which served in the various campaigns of the year 1811.
I. ROYAL HORSE ARTILLERY
The following Troops were serving in the Peninsula in 1811:—
Troop. Under the command of. Arrived in Peninsula. Designation in 1911.
A Captain H. D. Ross July 1809 ‘A’ Battery, R.H.A.
D Captain G. Lefebure March 1810 ‘V’ Battery, R.H.A.[800]
E Captain R. Macdonald August 1811 ‘E’ Battery, R.H.A.
I Captain R. Bull August 1809 ‘I’ Battery, R.H.A.
‘A’ and ‘I’ Troops served with Wellington’s Army during Masséna’s retreat in the spring of 1811, and in the campaign of Fuentes de Oñoro.
In that battle ‘A’ Troop was with the left wing, and did not come into action, but ‘I’ Troop was hotly engaged, and it was whilst in charge of two guns of the Troop that 2nd Captain W. Norman Ramsay performed his celebrated exploit.
‘D’ Troop was with Beresford’s Army and present at Albuera, May 16.
‘E’ Troop did not arrive from England until the autumn, and was then attached to the 7th Division of the Army.
II. ROYAL (FOOT) ARTILLERY
The 14 companies shown in the following tables were serving in the Peninsula in 1811.
Note.—In 1811 there were 10 battalions of Royal (Foot) Artillery, the companies of which were always designated by the names of the commanding officer, whether he was actually present with his company or not.
Battalion. Under the command of. Arrived in Peninsula. Designation in 1911.
1st Captain J. May March 1809 2nd Battery, R.F.A.
4th Captain (Brevet Major) J. Hawker October 1810 72 Company, R.G.A.
7th Captain G. Thompson March 1809 18th Battery, R.F.A.
8th Captain (Brevet Major) A. Bredin August 1808 27th Battery, R.F.A.
8th Captain R. Lawson August 1808 87th Battery, R.F.A.
8th Captain P. Meadows October 1810 Reduced in 1819.
Thompson’s and Lawson’s Companies served with Wellington’s Army during Masséna’s retreat into Spain in the spring of 1811, and in the campaign of Fuentes de Oñoro.
Later in the year—August—Thompson’s Company was withdrawn from the front, owing to continued sickness, and replaced by Bredin’s Company.
Hawker’s Company served with Beresford’s Army. It was present at the battle of Albuera, and at the two unsuccessful sieges of Badajoz (May-June 1811).
Meadows’s Company went to the front late in the year, replacing Cleeves’s Company of the King’s German Legion.
May’s Company (under the command of 2nd Captain H. Baynes, May being employed on the Staff) accompanied the Army, in charge of the Reserve Ammunition.
The other eight companies did not join the Army at the front, except Raynsford’s for a short period.
Battalion. Under the command of. Arrived in Peninsula. Designation in 1911.
5th Captain F. Glubb March 1809 48 Company, R.G.A.
6th Captain H. F. Holcombe April 1811 102 Company, R.G.A.
8th Captain R. T. Raynsford April 1811 78 Company, R.G.A.
5th Captain H. Owen January 1810 60 Company, R.G.A.
9th Captain P. J. Hughes January 1810 Reduced in 1819
10th Captain W. Roberts March 1810 68 Company, R.G.A.
10th Captain A. Dickson[801] April 1810 21 Company, R.G.A.
10th Captain W. H. Shenley April 1810 11 Company, R.G.A.
Glubb’s and Holcombe’s Companies were attached during the latter part of 1811 to the siege-train, which was being equipped on the Douro by Major A. Dickson, for the proposed siege of Ciudad Rodrigo.
Raynsford’s Company took part in the second siege of Badajoz—May 30 to June 10.
The other five companies were stationed in Cadiz and the Isla de Leon.
III. KING’S GERMAN LEGION ARTILLERY
Two of the three companies of the Legion Foot Artillery (Nos. 2 and 4, commanded by Captains Andrew Cleeves and Frederick Sympher), which had been in the Peninsula for the last two years, accompanied Beresford on his Estremaduran expedition, and were present at the battle of Albuera. Cleeves’s was so cut up that it was sent to the rear in June, Meadows’s British Company taking its place at the front. The third company, that of Gesenius, was left at Lisbon.
IV. PORTUGUESE ARTILLERY
(The details are taken from Captain Teixeira Botelho’s Subsidios.)
(a) Five Portuguese field-batteries accompanied Wellington in his pursuit of Masséna and in the Fuentes de Oñoro campaign.
Two of these batteries, brigaded together under Major V. von Arentschildt, came from the 2nd regiment and were attached to Picton’s Division; they were commanded by Lieutenants J. C. de Sequeira and 2nd Lieut. J. C. Rosado.
A third, also from the 2nd regiment, under the command of Captain F. C. Pinto, was attached to Pack’s Portuguese brigade.
One battery from the 1st regiment, under the command of Captain J. da Cunha Preto, was attached to the 5th Division in these campaigns.
Another battery of the same regiment (Captain Pedro de Rozierres) was attached to the 6th Division.
(b) Two batteries, brigaded under Major Alexander Dickson, accompanied Beresford’s Army to Estremadura and fought at Albuera, viz. one from the 2nd regiment under Captain W. Braun, and one from the 1st regiment under Captain S. J. de Arriaga.
(c) For the two sieges of Badajoz in May and June, the 2nd regiment supplied a half-company under Captain F. A. de Sequeira; the 1st regiment a company under Captain F. Pedrosa Barreto; and the 3rd regiment three companies, the captains’ names of which are not preserved, save one, José de Sampayo.
(d) The 4th regiment supplied Silveira with two batteries under Captains F. J. de Mariz and D. G. Ferreri, which were engaged in his combats with Claparéde in the early part of the year.
(e) The half-company which defended Campo Mayor in March came from the 3rd regiment and was commanded by Lieut. J. J. Leál Morteira.