Page 451 INDEX
Reading edition
A.
Abercromby, British general, 226, 252
Aboukir, Hogue, and Cressy, British cruisers, loss of, 355
Aboukir Bay, battle of, see Nile
Actium, campaign of, 61-64; battle of, 64-69
Ægospotami, battle of, 24, 47
Agrippa, Roman admiral, 62-66
Aircraft, in World War, 411, 429, 449
Albuquerque, Portuguese viceroy, 118
Alfred, king of England, 71, 130, 145
Algeciras Convention, 347
Ali Pasha, Turkish admiral, 104, 105, 107
Allemand, French admiral, 224
Almeida, Portuguese leader, 117-118
Amboyna, 143, 170
Amiens, treaty of, 227, 259, 261
Amsterdam, 119, 133, 141, 142
Anthony, Roman general, at Actium, 61-68
Antwerp, 119, 133, 140
Arabs, at war with Eastern Empire, 72-83, 441-442; as traders, 83; ships of, 117
Arbuthnot, British admiral, 388
Ariabignes, Persian admiral, 33, 36
Aristides, 36
Armada, see Spanish Armada
Armed Neutrality, league of, 253
Armor, 289, 296
Armstrong, Sir William, 289
Athens, see Greece
Audacious, British ship, 355
August 10, battle of, 334
Austerlitz battle of, 279
Austria, in Napoleonic Wars, 232, 244, 253, 279; at war with Italy, 296-303; in Triple Alliance, 345; in World War, 351
B.
Bacon, Roger, 111, 112, 121
Bagdad Railway, 346
Bantry Bay, action in, 194; attempted landing in, 233
Barbarigo, Venetian admiral, 102, 104-105
Barbarossa, Turkish admiral, 90-92, 95-97
Barham, First Lord of Admiralty, 266
Bart, Jean, French naval leader, 195
Battle cruiser, see Ships of War
Beachy Head, battle of, 194
Beatty, British admiral, at Heligoland Bight, 352-354; at Dogger Bank, 370-373; at Jutland, 389-408, 413, 415
Berlin Decree, 279
Bismarck, 297, 345
Blake, British admiral, 169, 171-182, 194, 414, 416
Blockade, in American Civil War, 290; in World War, 419-424, 439
Boisot, Dutch admiral, 139
Bonaparte, see Napoleon
Bossu, Spanish admiral, 138-139
Boxer Rebellion, 329-330
Boyne, battle of, 194
Bragadino, Venetian general, 100
Breda, peace of, 188
Bridport, British admiral, 232, 233, 234
Brill, capture of, 138
Brueys, French admiral, 224, 248, 250
Burney, British admiral, 401, 415
Bushnell, David, 293-294
C.
Cabot, John, 121
Cadiz, founded, 17; British expeditions to, 155, 165, 168; blockaded Page 452 by Blake, 181; blockaded by Jervis, 244; Allied fleet in, 270, 274, 277
Calder, British admiral, 243; in action with Villeneuve, 266, 267-269, 270
Camara, Spanish admiral, 319
Camperdown, battle of, 223, 234-237
Canidius, Roman general, 67
Carden, British admiral, 375-379
Carpenter, Alfred, British commander, 434
Carthage, founded, 18; at war with Greece, 20, 38; in Punic Wars, 49-60, 76, 441
Cervantes, 102, 119
Cervera, Spanish admiral, 315; in Santiago campaign, 321-326
Ceylon, 83, 226, 227
Champlain, battle of Lake, 284
Charlemagne, 85, 130
Charles II of England, 183, 188, 189
Charles V of Spain, 91, 92, 126, 127, 134
Charleston, attack on, 69
Chatham, raided by Dutch, 188
Chauncey, U. S. commodore, 283
China, in ancient times, 25; first ships to, 118; at war with Japan, 304-310; in disruption, 328-329
Chios, battle of, 286
Churchill, Winston, 375-378, 381, 383
Cinque Ports, 145
Cleopatra, queen of Egypt, in Actium campaign, 61, 63-68
Clerk, John, 203, 204
Collingwood, British admiral, 239, 243; at Trafalgar, 272, 274-277
Colonna, admiral of Papal States, 102, 105
Colport, British admiral, 233
Columbus, 112, 120, 121; voyages of, 122-125
Commerce, of Phœnicians, 16-19; under Roman Empire, 70; with the East, 110, 113-118; in northern Europe, 131-132; in modern times, 312-313
Commerce Warfare, in Dutch War of Independence, 137-138; in Napoleonic Wars, 259-260; in War of 1812, 281, 284; in World War, 369, 419-440
Communications, in warfare, 446
Compass, introduction of, 111
Condalmiero, Venetian admiral, 93, 96
Conflans, French admiral, 197, 198, 199
Constantinople, founded, 71; attacked by Arabs, 72-83; attacked by Russians, 83-84; sacked by Crusaders, 85; captured by Turks, 86, 89, 110; in World War, 375, 381-382, 384; 441, 442
Continental System, 279-280, 285
Continuous Voyage, doctrine of, 290, 420-421
Contraband, 253
Convoy, System in World War, 436-438
Cook, Captain James, 219-220
Copenhagen, battle of, 223, 236, 252-259
Corinthian Gulf, battle of, 35, 40-43
Cornwallis, British admiral, 263, 265, 267, 270
Coronel, battle of, 359-361
Corsica, 17, 238
Corunna, Armada sails from, 158; attacked by Drake, 165; Allied fleet in, 269
Corvi, 52, 55, 444
Cradock, British admiral, at Coronel, 358-361
Crete, 15-16, 25, 26, 43, 247, 442, 443
Cromwell, Oliver, 170, 181, 182
Custozza, battle of, 297, 298
Cyprus, 88, 99.
D.
Da Gama, Vasco, 114, 116-117
Dardanelles, German squadron enters, 356-357; campaign of, 374-385
Darius, king of Persia, 21, 27, 28
De Grasse, French admiral, at Virginia Capes, 207-211; at Saints'
Passage, 212-215
De Guichen, French admiral, 203, 204
Denmark, in Copenhagen campaign, 252-259
De Ruyter, Dutch admiral, 173, 175, 179, 182, 184-190, 194, 416
D'Estaing, French admiral, 202-203, 227
Destroyer, see Ships of War
Dewa, Japanese admiral, 339, 341
Dewey, U. S. admiral, at Manila, 316-320, 415
De Witt, Dutch admiral, 172, 177 Page 453
Diaz, Bartolomeo, 114, 116
Diedrichs, German admiral, 320
Director fire, 350, 410
Dirkzoon, Dutch admiral, 138
Diu, battle of, 118
Dogger Bank, Russian fleet off, 335; action off, 364, 369-374
Don Juan of Austria, at Lepanto, 100-109; 135
Doria, Andrea, Genoese admiral, 91, 92, 95-98
Doria, Gian Andrea, Genoese admiral 98-108
Dragut, Turkish commander, 90, 98
Drake, Sir Francis, British admiral, voyages of, 153-155; in Armada campaign, 157-163; last years of, 165
Dreadnought, see Ships of War
Drepanum, battle of, 57
Duguay-Trouin, French commander, 195, 197
Duilius, Roman consul, 52
Dumanoir, French admiral, 277
Duncan, British admiral, at Camperdown, 234-237
Dungeness, battle of, 172
E.
East Indies Companies, British and Dutch, 141
Ecnomus, battle of, 53-56
Egypt, early ships of, 15; Napoleon in, 233, 347, 357, 374, 441
Elizabeth, queen of England, 125, 138, 151, 152, 155, 166
Emden, German cruiser, 355; cruise of, 366-368
England, early naval history of, 145-151; at war with Spain, 151-167; at war with Holland, 168-192; at war with France, 193-221; plans for invasion of, 197-198, 232, 261-265. See Great Britain
Entente of Great Britain, France, and Russia, 347
Ericsson, John, 287, 290, 292
Erie, battle of Lake, 284
Eurybiades, Spartan commander, 32, 45
Evan-Thomas, British admiral, 390, 392, 393, 396-398, 401
Evertsen, Dutch admiral, 174
F.
Falkland Islands, battle of, 363-366
Farragut, U. S. admiral, 292, 296, 317, 381, 414
Fighting Instructions, of British Navy, 184, 187, 190, 200, 206, 211, 216-217, 416
Fireships, 162, 178
First of June, battle of, 227-232
Fisher, British admiral, 348, 359, 377, 378, 381, 384
Fisher, Fort, capture of, 293
Fleet in Being, 190, 321, 331, 358, 417
Foch, French general, 439
Foley, British captain, 249, 256
Four Days' Battle, in Dutch Wars, 185-186
France, at war with England in 18th century, 193-221; in Napoleonic Wars, 222-280; in Far East, 329; aids Russia, 335; in World War, 345, 347 Francis I, of France, 91, 125
Frobisher, Martin, 158
Fulton, Robert, 270, 287; his submarine, 293-295
G.
Gabbard, battle of, 176
Galleon of Venice, Venetian ship, 93, 96, 97, 98, 103
Galley, galleon, galleas, see Ships of War
Gallipoli Peninsula, operations on, 383-385; see Dardanelles
Ganteaume, French admiral, 263, 265
Genoa, 82, 85; at war with Venice 88, 122, 135
Germany, early commerce under Hausa, 131-133; unification of, 286; in Far East, 320, 328, 330; aids Russia, 335; growth of, 345-347; in World War, 345ff.
Gibraltar, captured by British, 196; blockaded, 218, 227
Göben, German battle cruiser, escape of, 355-357; 381, 411
Goodenough, British naval officer, at Heligoland Bight, 352-353; at Jutland, 396, 401, 413
Grand Fleet, British, 349; strength of, 350, 351, 369; at Jutland, 386-417; 432
Graves, British admiral, 209-211 Page 454
Gravina, Spanish admiral, 266, 274, 277
Great Britain, in Napoleonic Wars, 222-280; in War of 1812, 280-285; in World War, 345 ff. See England.
Greece, 16; at war with Persia, 27-39; in Peloponnesian War, 39-47; 441
Greek fire, 77, 78, 80, 94, 444
Grenville, Sir Richard, 165
Guns, gunpowder, see Ordnance
Gunfleet, battle of, 186-188
H.
Hampton Roads, battle of, 287, 291-292
Hannibal, 60
Hanseatic League, 131-133, 145
Hase, German naval officer, quoted 404-407
Hawke, British admiral, 198-200, 227, 414, 416
Hawkins, John, 151, 152-153, 158
Heath, British admiral, 388
Heimskirck, Jacob van, Dutch seaman, 141, 142
Heligoland, 227, 280; battle of, 297, 299
Heligoland Bight, battle of, 351-354, 411
Hellespont, 28, 36
Henry, Prince, the Navigator, 114, 116
Henry VIII, of England, 146, 148
Herbert, Lord Torrington, British admiral, 194, 195
Hermæa, battle of, 56
High Seas Fleet, of Germany, 349; strength of, 350; at Jutland, 373, 387-417; surrender of, 439-440
Hindenberg, German general, 420
Hipper, German admiral, at Dogger Bank, 370, 373; at Jutland, 390-391, 393, 396-398, 403
Hobson, U. S. naval officer, 324
Hoche, French general, 233
Holland, see Netherlands
Holland, John P., 296
Hood, British admiral, at Virginia Capes, 207-211; at Saints' Passage, 212, 215, 238, 239
Hood, British rear-admiral, at Jutland, 388, 392, 397, 398, 401
Horton, Max, British commander, 355
Hotham, British admiral, 238-239
Howard, Thomas, of Effingham, 158, 160, 178
Howe, British admiral, 202; at First of June, 227-232
Hudson, Henry, 141
Hughes, British admiral
I.
Interior Lines, defined, 28
Italy, at war with Austria, 296-303; in World War, 345
Ito, Japanese admiral, at the Yalu, 306-308
J.
Jamaica, captured by British, 181
Janissaries, 89, 105
Japan, at war with China, 304-310; at war with Russia, 330-343
Jellicoe, British admiral, 350; at Jutland, 387-417, 437
Jervis, Earl St. Vincent, British admiral, 232, 234, 236; character of, 239-240; at Cape St. Vincent, 241-244, 263, 295, 417
Jones, Paul, American naval officer, 200-201, 202
Juan, see Don Juan
Jutland, battle of, 374, 386-418
K.
Kamimura, Japanese admiral, 334
Karlsrühe, German cruiser, 355, 367
Keith, British admiral, 263
Kentish Knock, battle of, 172
Keyes, British naval officer, 352, 353, 433
Kiao-chau, seized by Germany, 320, 328, 334, 346, 366
Kiel Canal, 348, 349, 408
Kitchener, British general, 377-379, 383, 384
Königsberg, German cruiser, 355, 367
Korea, 304, 310, 330, 343
L.
Lake, Simon, 296
La Hogue, battle of, 195
La Touche Tréville, French admiral, 262, 265 Page 455
Lepanto, campaign of, 100-103; battle of, 103-108, 148
Lepidus, Roman general, 61
Leyden, siege of, 139-140
Lowestoft, battle of, 184-185
London, Declaration of, 421
Louis XIV of France, 185, 189, 190, 191, 193, 195, 448
Lusitania, loss of, 424
M.
McGiffin, American naval officer, at the Yalu, 305, 307, 309
Macdonough, U. S. commodore, 284
Magellan, Portuguese navigator, 119-121
Mahan, American naval officer, quoted, 60, 189, 197, 216, 270, 310, 313, 324, 345; in Spanish-American War, 321, 348, 443, 448
Maine, U. S. battleship, 314
Makaroff, Russian admiral, 332
Malta, 17; siege of, 98, 227, 247, 253, 261, 266, 280, 356
Manila, battle of, 316-320
Marathon, battle of, 28, 37
Mardonius, 27, 37, 38
Martel, Charles, 82
Mary Queen of Scots, 151, 152
Matelieff, de Jonge, Dutch seaman, 143
Medina Sidonia, Duke of, 156-162, 178
Merrimac, Confederate ram, 290; in action with Monitor, 291-292
Milne, British admiral, 357
Mine barrage, in North Sea, 432-433
Missiessy, French admiral, 224, 263
Mohammed, 72, 73
Mohammedans, see Arabs
Monitor, U. S. ironclad, 287, 290-292
Monk, British admiral, 173-179, 183, 185-188, 190, 191, 194
Monroe Doctrine, 313, 347, 447
Montojo, Spanish admiral, 317, 319
Moore, British admiral, 373
Muaviah, Emir of Syria, 73-78
Mukden, battle of, 335
Müller, German naval officer, 367
Muza, Mohammedan general, 79, 82
Mycale, battle of, 38
Mylæ, battle of, 52-53
N.
Napoleon, quoted, 222, 223, 224, 233; in Italy, 238, 239; in Egypt, 244-248, 252; plans northern coalition, 253; attempts invasion of England, 261-265; instructs Villeneuve, 269, 270; adopts continental system, 279-280, 414, 419, 445
Naupaktis, battle of, 43-45
Navarino, battle of, 286
Navigation, progress in, 111-112
Navigation Acts, 170
Navy, British, administration of, 146, 150; under Commonwealth, 168; training of officers for, 183; at Restoration, 183; in 18th century, 202; in French Revolutionary Wars, 225; mutiny in, 234-235; in War of 1812, 281; size of, in World War, 350. See England, Great Britain. French, in 18th century, 201-202; in French Revolution, 223-225. See France. United States, in War of 1812, 281-284; in Civil War, 290-296; in World War, 432-433. See United States
Nebogatoff, Russian admiral, 336, 342
Nelson, Horatio, British admiral, 169, 178, 179, 182, 223; in Mediterranean, 238-240; at Cape St. Vincent, 241-244; at the Nile, 244-252; at Copenhagen, 252-259; in the Channel, 259; in Trafalgar campaign and battle, 265-270, 310, 360, 414, 415
Netherlands, at war with Hansa, 132; commerce of, 133, 140-143, 168, 191, 442; at war with Spain, 134-140; at war with England, 168, 192; in War of American Revolution, 200, 232; in Napoleonic Wars, 237, 279
New York, taken by British, 184, 191; held by Howe, 202
Nicosia, siege of, 99-100
Nile, campaign of, 244-248; battle of, 249-252
Nore, mutiny at, 234-235
North Sea Mine Barrage, see Mine Barrage
O. Page 456
Octavius, Roman emperor, at Actium, 61-69
Ontario, campaign on Lake, 283
Open Door Policy, 330, 447
Oquendo, Spanish naval officer, 157
Ordnance, early types of, 94; introduced on ships, 146; at Armada, 150; breech-loading, 289; rifled, 289; long range, 374
Oregon, U. S. battleship, cruise of, 314, 315; at Santiago, 326, 327
P.
Panama Canal, 348, 362
Parker, British admiral, at Copenhagen, 254-258
Parma, Duke of, 135, 156, 158, 160, 162
Peloponnesian War, 39-47
Penn, British admiral, 174, 175, 181
Perry, U. S. Commodore, 284
Persano, Italian admiral, at Lissa, 298-303
Persia, conquers Phœnicia, 20-21; at war with Greece, 27-39
Pharselis, battle of, 75
Philip II, of Spain, 99, 100, 101, 128, 134, 151, 152, 156, 157, 158, 165, 166
Phœnicia, commerce and colonies of, 16-20, 25-26; at Salamis, 33-34, 36, 49, 441, 443
Phormio, Greek admiral, 39-45
Platea, battle of, 21, 37, 38
Port Arthur, 307; given to Japan, 310; seized by Russia, 329; operations around, 332-335; fall of, 334, 343
Portland, battle of, 173-175
Portsmouth, Treaty of, 343
Portugal, commerce and colonies of, 114-121; decline of, 143
Prevesa, battle of, 96-98, 103
Prussia, in Northern Coalition, 253; at war with Austria, 297
Ptolemy, 112
Q.
"Q-ships," 431
Quiberon Bay, battle of, 198-199, 227
R.
Raleigh, Sir Walter, 149, 164
Recalde, Spanish naval officer, 157
Renaissance, 86, 112, 121
Revenge, Drake's flagship, 149, 158; last fight of, 165
Robeck, British admiral, at Dardanelles, 379
Rodman, U. S. admiral, 432
Rodney, British admiral, 203; at Saints' Passage, 212-217
Rojdestvensky, Russian admiral, cruise of, 335-339; at Tsushima, 339-343
Rome, in Punic Wars, 49-60; in Actium campaign, 61-70; wars of Eastern Empire, 71-86; 441
Rooke, British admiral, 196
Roosevelt, Theodore, 316, 324, 343, 347
Rosyth, British base, 348, 355, 387
Rupert, Prince, 169, 185, 186
Russia, in Napoleonic Wars, 250, 253, 259, 266, 280; in Far East, 328-330; at war with Japan, 330-343, in World War, 345, 375, 417, 446
Ruyter. See De Ruyter
S.
Saint Andrée, Jean Bon, 228
St. Vincent, battle of Cape, 223, 233, 241-244
St. Vincent, Earl of. See Jervis
Saints' Passage, battle of, 212-217
Salamis, battle of, 21, 32-39; 45-47; campaign of, 28-32
Salonika, 385
Sampson, U. S. admiral, in Santiago campaign, 320-327
San Juan de Ulna, fight at, 153
Santa Cruz, Spanish admiral, 102, 107, 155, 157
Santiago, battle of, 320-327
Saracens. See Arabs
Scapa Flow, British base, 348, 351, 355, 386, 432
Scheer, German admiral, at Jutland, 387-411
Scheldt River, 133; battle in, 139; blockaded by Dutch, 142, 156, 225, 261
Scheveningen, battle of, 177
Schley, U. S. naval officer, in Santiago campaign, 321-323, 326 Page 457
Schoonevelt, battle of, 189
Scott, Sir Percy, British admiral, 348, 410
Sea Beggars, 135-137
Sea Power, preserves Greece, 39; England's gains by, 191, 196-197, 220; in Napoleonic Wars, 222-223, 285; in World War, 348-349, 385; influence of, 441-443; elements of, 443-445
Selim the Drunkard, Sultan of Turkey, 99
Semenoff, Russian naval officer, 335, 339
Seymour, British admiral, at Armada, 158
Shafter, U. S. general, 324, 325
Shimonoseki, Treaty of, 310
Ships of War, "round" and "long," 19; trireme, 19, 21-24; penteconter, 32; liburna, 62; galley, 69, 93-95; dromon, 74; galleas, 102-103, 148; junk, 117; Viking craft, 131; galleon, 147-149; two and three-deckers, 178; steam, 287; submarine, 293-296, 426-428; destroyer, 296, 412; battle cruiser, 343, 348, 369; dreadnought, 343, 348
Sicily, 17, 38, 46; in Punic Wars, 50-59
Sims, U. S. admiral, 431, 437
Sinope, bombardment of, 288
Sirocco. Turkish admiral, 104, 105
Sluis, battle of, 146
Solebay, battle of, 189
Soliman the Magnificent, Sultan of Turkey, 92, 98
Souchon, German admiral, 356, 357
Spain, at war with Turks, 100-108; discoveries of, 121-128; at war with Dutch, 134-143; at war with England, 151-167, 442; in Napoleonic Wars, 240, 265; at war with United States, 313-328
Spanish Armada, 128, 141, 149, 156-167, 445
Sparta. See Greece.
Spee, German admiral, 358-366, 369
Steam navigation, beginnings of, 287
Sturdee, British admiral, 363-365
Submarine, early types of, 293-296; in World War, 350, 420, 423-439, 445
Suez Canal, 357, 374
Suffren, French admiral, 201, 203, 217-218, 220, 228
Syracuse, at war with Athens, 46-47, 76, 247
T.
Tactics, of galleys, 94-95; after use of sails and guns, 163-164; in Dutch wars, 179; in 18th century, 194, 216-217; after use of armor, 296-297; influenced by Lissa, 310; at Jutland, 411-416; in submarine warfare, 429-431
Takeomi, Japanese naval officer, 339
Tegetthoff, Austrian admiral, at Lissa, 299-303
Teneriffe, attacked by Blake, 181
Terschelling, raided by English, 188
Texel, battle of, 189, 190
Themistocles, 28, 31, 32, 37, 43, 45
Theophanes, 84, 85
Thermopylæ, battle of, 29, 31
Ting, Chinese admiral, at the Yalu, 305, 306
Tirpitz, German admiral, 346, 410, 411, 448, 450
Togo, Japanese admiral, 304; at battle of 10th of August, 333-334; at Tsushima, 339-342
Togo, Japanese squadron commander, 339
Tordesillas, Treaty of, 125
Torpedoes, origin of name, 295; Whitehead, 296; in Russo-Japanese war, 342, 343
Torrington, Earl of. See Herbert
Toscanelli, Paul, 122
Toulon, French base, 226, 238, 246, 263
Tourville, French admiral, 194, 195
Trafalgar, battle of, 178, 179, 223, 236, 265-279.
Transport service, in World War, 438-439
Triple Alliance, 345
Tromp, Cornelius, Dutch admiral, 185-188
Tromp, Martin, Dutch admiral, 169, 171-179, 182, 185, 190, 416
Troubridge, British naval officer, 239, 241, 250
Tsuboi, Japanese admiral, at the Yalu, 306-309 Page 458
Tsushima, battle of, 339-343
Tunis, 18; captured by Spanish, 91-92; attacked by Blake, 180
Turkey, rise of, 89-90; at war with Venice and Spain, 90-109; in World War, 355, 357, 374-384, 442
Tyrwhitt, British naval officer, 351, 352, 353
U.
Ulm, battle of, 279
Uluch Ali, Turkish leader, 90; in Lepanto campaign, 101, 104, 106-108
United States, in American Revolution, 200-212; in War of 1812, 280-285; in Civil War, 286, 290-296; in Spanish-American War, 313-328; in World War, 424, 432-433, 438-439; naval problems of, 446-447. See Navy
V.
Valdes, Pedro de, Spanish naval officer, 157, 161
Valdes, Pedrode, Spanish naval officer, 157, 161
Vandals, 71, 72
Veniero, Venetian admiral, 101-103, 105
Vengeur du Peuple, French ship, 228, 230
Venice, early history of, 82, 85; commerce of, 87-89, 442; at war with Turks, 90-109; ships of, 147
Vikings, 49, 71, 83, 130-131
Villaret de Joyeuse, French admiral, at First of June, 228-231
Villeneuve, French admiral, 224; at the Nile, 250; in Trafalgar campaign and battle, 265-270, 273-276
Virginia Capes, battle of, 68, 201, 207-211, 442
W.
Wangenheim, Baron von, 357
Wei-hai-wei, 310, 329
William II, German emperor, 328, 345, 347, 448
William III of England, 193, 194
William, Prince of Orange, 134, 137, 140
Wilson, Woodrow, President of United States, 387
Winter, Dutch admiral, 235
Witjeft, Russian admiral, 331, 333
X.-Y.-Z.
Xerxes, 28, 31, 32-39
"Y-guns," 431
Yalu, battle of, 304-310
York, Duke of, afterward James II of England, 184, 190
Zama, battle of, 60
Zeebrugge, attack on, 433-435