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A History of American Christianity

INDEX.

Reading edition

Abbot, Ezra, 379.

Abbot, George, Archbishop, 42.

Abbott, Lyman, 384.

Abolitionists, 82, 282, 284.

Adams, Charles Francis, 131.

Adventists, 336.

Albany, 69.

Albrights, 229.

Alexander, Dr. Gross, 348.

Alexander VI., pope, 3, 17.

Allen, Professor A. V. G., 156, 159, 382.

Allen, Professor J. H., 250.

Alliance, Evangelical, 408.

America:

providential concealment of, 1;

medieval church in, 2;

Spanish conquests and missions in, 6-15;

French occupation and missions, 16-29;

English colonies in, 38-67, 82-126;

Dutch and Swedes in, 68-81;

churches of New England, 88;

Quaker colonization, 109-117;

other colonists, 120-124;

diverse sects, 127-139;

Great Awakening, 157-180;

Presbyterians, 186;

Reformed, 187;

Lutheran, 188;

Moravian, 189;

Methodist, 198;

severance of colonies from England and of church from state, 221;

Second Awakening, 233;

organized beneficence, 246;

conflicts of the church, 261;

dissension and schism, 292;

immigration, 315;

the church in the Civil War, 340;

reconstruction and expansion of the church, 351;

theology and literature, 374;

political union and ecclesiastical division, 398;

tendencies toward unity, 405.

American Bible Society, 256, 408.

American Board of Missions, 252-255.

American Missionary Association, 255, 314.

Andover Theological Seminary, 251, 271.

Andrew, Bishop, 302.

Andrews, E. B., 340.

Andrews, W. G., 177, 179.

Anglican Church established in American colonies, 51, 61, 64, 65.

Antipopery agitation, 312, 325.

Antislavery. See Slavery.

"Apostasy, the southern," 277, 346.

"Applied Christianity," 385.

Apprenticeship obsolete, 364.

Arminianism, 104, 222.

Armstrong, General S. C., 356.

Asbury, Bishop Francis, 200.

Awakening, the Great, 53, 81, 126, 141, 157, 181.

Awakening, the Second, 233, 242.

Bachman, John, 278.

Bacon, B. W., 380.

Bacon, David, 246.

Bacon, Francis, 40.

Bacon, Leonard, 84, 94, 102, 113, 134, 227, 260, 272, 278, 287, 408.

Bacon, Nathaniel, 63.

Baird, Charles W. and Henry M., 388.

Baltimore, first Lord, 54;

second Lord, 56.

Bancroft, George, 19, 21, 22, 24, 27, 29, 41, 116, 117, 383.

Baptist Young People's Union, 369.

Baptists:

in Virginia, 53;

in Carolina, 64;

in Rhode Island, 106;

in Massachusetts, 130;

in Pennsylvania, 146;

in the South, 149;

services to religious liberty, 221;

antislavery, 222;

become Calvinists, 223;

found Brown University, 248;

undertake foreign missions, 253;

divide on slavery, 303;

pioneer work, 332;

plan of Christian union, 411.

Barclay, Robert, 112, 117.

Barnes, Albert, 294.

Baxter, George A., 237.

Baxter, Richard, 66, 121.

Beecher, Edward, 294, 383.

Beecher, Henry Ward, 341, 351, 384.

Beecher, Lyman, 230, 243, 251, 263, 286, 294, 383.

Belcher, Governor, 168.

Bellamy, Joseph, 156, 181.

Bellomont, Lord, 79.

Bellows, Henry W., 383.

Benezet, Anthony, 203.

Bennett, Philip, 48.

Bennett, Richard, 50.

Berkeley, Governor Sir William, 49, 50, 51, 63.

Bethlehem, Pa., 189.

Biblical science, 378.

Birney, James G., 273, 274, 275, 283.

Bishops, Anglican, consecrated, 213, 304.

Bishops, Catholic, consecrated, 215.

Bishops, colonial, not wanted, 206.

Bishops, Methodist, consecrated, 219.

Bishops, Moravian, 124, 193.

Bissell, Edwin C., 380.

Blair, Commissary, 52.

Blair, Samuel, 160, 167.

Blake, Joseph, 63.

Boehm, Martin, 228.

Bogardus, Everard, 70.

Boyle, Robert, 66.

Bradford, Governor William, 94, 97.

Brainerd, David, 180, 183, 247.

Bray, Thomas, 61, 62, 66.

Breckinridge, Robert J., 281, 378.

Brewster, Edward, 43, 44.

Brewster, William, 44, 83.

Briggs, Charles A., 380.

Brooks, Phillips, 384.

Brown, Francis, 379.

Brown, Tutor, 131.

Browne, J. and S., at Salem, 97.

Browne, W. H., 55, 59.

Bryce, James, 404, 405.

Buck, Richard, 42, 44.

Buckley, James M., 201, 202, 218, 219, 240, 241.

Buckminster, 251, 383.

Bushnell, Horace, 105, 176, 375, 383, 409.

Cahenslyism, 392.

Calvert, Cecilius, 56.

Calvert, George, 54, 55.

Calvert, Leonard and George, 56, 59.

Calvinism:

in New England, 103, 225;

among Baptists, 223;

in the Presbyterian Church, 294.

Campanius, John, 76, 150.

Campbell, Douglas, 74.

Campbellites, 242.

Camp-meetings, 233.

Canada, 18-29.

Cane Ridge revival, 235.

Carolinas colonized, 62.

Carroll, Bishop John, 214.

Carroll, Dr. H. K., 335, 369.

Cartier, Jacques, 17.

Cartwright, Peter, 232.

Catholic Church, Roman:

Revived and reformed in sixteenth century, 4.

Spanish missions a failure, 10-14.

French missions, their wide extension and final collapse, 17-29.

Persecuted in England, 36.

In Maryland, 56.

Way prepared for, 185.

Organized for United States, 215.

Conflict with "trusteeism," 216, 310;

with fanaticism, 312.

Gain and loss by immigration, 318-322.

Modified in America, 323-396.

Methods of propagation, 330.

Its literature, 394.

Its relation to the Church Catholic, 324, 416, 418.

Cavaliers in Virginia, 51.

Champlain, 17, 20, 28.

Channing, William Ellery, 251, 301, 383.

Charity Organization, 409.

Charles II. of England, 51, 62, 78.

Charter:

of Massachusetts, 90;

transferred to America, 98.

Charter of the Virginia Company:

revoked, 48.

Chauncy, Charles, 170.

Chautauqua, 233, 363.

Cherokee nation, 265.

Chickasaws and Choctaws, 23.

Chinese immigration, 336.

Church polity in New England, 88, 95, 99, 102.

Clark, Francis E., 368.

Clarke, James Freeman, 383.

Clergy:

of Virginia, 52;

of Maryland, 61.

Cleveland, Aaron, 204.

College settlement, 370.

Colleges, 48, 52, 102, 160, 172, 173, 176, 231, 247, 271.

Colonization in Africa, 257.

Congregationalists:

in New England, 99;

in New Jersey, 109;

moving west, 137;

coöperate with Presbyterians, 220;

college-builders, 333;

work at the South, 355.

Conservatism of American churches, 311.

Copland, Patrick, 47, 48, 50.

Cornbury, Lord, 80, 121, 135, 141.

Corwin, E. T., 69, 71, 78, 80, 121, 139.

Covenanters in New Jersey, 110.

Cumberland Presbyterians, 241.

Cutler, Timothy, 131, 156, 169.

Dabney, Robert L., 378.

Dale, Sir Thomas, 43, 45.

Davenport, James, 170.

Davenport, John, 49, 102.

Davies, Samuel, 173.

Deerfield, 21.

De la Warr, Lord, 41, 43.

Dewey, Orville, 383.

Dickinson, Jonathan, 160, 294.

Disciples, 242, 414.

Divisions of Christendom, 31.

Dominicans, 9, 10, 32.

Dorchester, Daniel, 322, 335, 357, 358, 359, 361.

Douglas, Stephen A., 341.

Dow, Lorenzo, 240.

Drunkenness prevalent, 286.

Dubbs, Joseph H., 121.

Dudley, Governor, 98.

Dueling, 263.

Duffield, George, 294.

Dunster, President, 130.

Durand, William, 49.

Durbin, David P., 240.

Dutch church, 68, 78, 109, 134.

Dutch in Carolina, 64.

"Dutch, Pennsylvania," 118.

Dwight, Timothy, 230, 242, 375, 387.

Eaton, Theophilus, 102.

Eddy, Richard, 225, 228.

Edmundson, William, 64.

Edwards, Jonathan, 156, 169, 172, 179, 247, 294.

Edwards, Jonathan, the younger, 222, 225, 273.

Elder, M. T., 322, 331.

Eleuthera colony, 50.

Eliot, John, 66, 102, 150, 152.

Embury, Philip, 199.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 298, 383.

Emmons, Nathanael, 251, 305, 375.

Endicott, John, 90, 93, 94.

England, religious parties in, 33, 43.

Episcopal Church:

in Virginia, 38-53;

in Maryland, 60;

in Carolina, 64-67, 148;

in New York, 78-80, 135;

in Pennsylvania, 119;

in Georgia, 124;

in New England, 128, 129, 131-134;

hostile to revivals, 177, 306;

extreme depression, 210;

consecration of bishops, 212;

resuscitation, 304;

violent controversy, 306;

rapid growth, 308;

specialties of, in evangelization, 334;

reconstruction after Civil War, 352;

Pan-Anglican Synod, 412.

Epworth League, 369.

Establishment of religion:

in Virginia, 45, 51-53;

in Maryland, 61;

in the Carolinas, 64, 65, 148;

in New York, 78-80;

in New England, 91, 97, 100, 102, 128, 129.

Disestablishment, 174, 221.

Evangelical Association, 229.

Evangelization at the South, 356.

Evangelization at the West, 327.

Evarts, Jeremiah, 267, 271, 286.

Exscinding Acts, 167, 297, 353.

Fanaticism of Spanish church, 4, 8.

Fanaticism, antipopery, 60, 61, 312.

Finney, Charles G., 375.

Fisher, George Park, 182, 382.

Fisher, Sidney George, 118, 120, 143-145.

Fitch, John, 150.

Fletcher, Governor, 79, 80.

Florida, 9, 10, 22.

Foster, R. V., 236, 238.

Fox, George, 34, 65, 114, 117, 149.

Franciscans, 10, 11, 12, 32.

Franklin, Benjamin, 118.

Fraser, John, 335.

Frelinghuysen, Domine, 81, 134, 141, 142, 163.

Frelinghuysen, Senator, 267.

French missions:

projected, 17;

extinguished, 185, 220.

Fuller, Dr. and Deacon, 94.

Gates, Sir Thomas, 42.

Georgia, 122, 205, 264, 285.

German exiles, 53, 139.

German immigration, 117, 120, 187, 318.

Gladden, Washington, 385.

Gosnold, Bartholomew, 38.

Gough, John B., 289.

Great fortunes and great gifts, 359.

Greatorex's collection, 393.

Green, Ashbel, 204.

Green, S. S., 122.

Green, W. H., 380.

Gregory, Caspar René, 379.

Griffin, Edward Dorr, 251, 383.

Griswold, Alexander V., 304.

Gurley, R. R., 273.

Hale, Edward Everett, 367, 386.

Half-way Covenant, 104.

Hall, Isaac H., 379.

Hamilton, J. Taylor, 190, 198.

Hampton Institute, 356.

Hand, Daniel, 360.

Hard times in 1857, 342.

Harrison, Thomas, 49, 50, 60.

Hart, Levi, 204.

Hastings, Thomas, 387, 392.

Haupt, Bible-work, 380.

Haverhill, Mass., 21.

Hawkins, John, 289.

Helps, Arthur, 7, 8.

Higginson, Francis, 90.

High-church party:

in Episcopal Church, 306, 308, 323, 407;

in Presbyterian Church, 295, 407.

Hill, Matthew, 121.

Hilprecht, Dr., 379.

Historical theology, 381.

Hitchcock, Roswell D., 382.

Hobart, John Henry, 304, 407.

Hodge, Charles, 378, 381.

Holland:

colony from, in New York, 68;

not the source of New England institutions, 74;

Pilgrims in, 86;

mission from, to Germans, 194.

Hooker, Thomas, 102, 138.

Hopkins, Samuel, 151, 181, 183, 184, 204, 205.

Hopkins, Stephen, 44.

Hopkinsianism, 294.

Hudson, Henry, 68.

Hughes, John, 310, 351.

Huguenots, 37, 53, 62, 64, 65, 81, 139.

Humphrey, Heman, 286.

Hunt, Robert, 38, 41.

Huntington, Frederic D., 384.

Hurst, John F., 382.

Hutchinson, Ann, 101, 106.

Hymn-writers, 387.

Indians:

evangelization of, 46, 47, 57, 71, 74, 76, 150, 151, 179, 246;

Indian churches, 131.

Induction refused to unworthy parsons, 51.

Immigration, 315, 317, 357.

Infidelity, 219, 230.

Institutional Church, 369.

Intemperance, 75, 205, 285.

International sectarian councils, 412.

Ireland, 318.

Iroquois, 20, 23, 25.

Jackson, Helen Hunt, 264.

Jacobs, Henry E., 71, 121, 188, 190, 196, 198.

James I. of England, 36, 38, 44, 47, 48, 90.

James II. of England, 110, 112.

Jamestown, 30-45.

Jarratt, Devereux, 173.

Jefferson, Thomas, 221, 230, 305.

Jerks, the, 239, 240.

Jesuits, 4, 10, 26, 28, 29, 32, 56, 57, 58, 71, 150, 214.

Jogues, Father, 71, 150.

Johnson, President Samuel, 132.

Johnson, Thomas Cary, 297, 314, note, 354.

Journalism, 333, 344.

Judson, Adoniram, 253.

Kansas-Nebraska Bill, 284, 341.

Kansas Crusade, 341.

Keith, George, 119, 133, 149.

Keith, Governor, 120.

Kieft, Governor, 70, 71.

King, Thomas Starr, 383.

King's Chapel, Boston, 224.

Kirby, William, 294.

Kirk, Edward Norris, 383.

Knapp, Jacob, 288.

Lanphier, Jeremiah, 342.

La Salle, 18.

Las Casas, 9, 152.

Laud, William, 48.

Lea, Henry Charles, 382.

Leon, Ponce de, 9.

Leyden, 45, 83, 86.

Liberty, religious:

in Eleuthera, 50;

in Maryland, 56, 59;

in Carolina, 63;

in New York, 72;

in New Jersey, 111;

in Pennsylvania, 116;

in Georgia, 123;

defended by Makemie, 136;

favored by sectarian division, 174;

promoted by Baptists, 221.

Literature of American church, 374-395.

Littledale, R. F., 26, 27, 28.

Liturgies, 386, 394.

Locke, John, 62, 64.

Lodge, H. C., 62, 70, 117, 153.

Log College, 142, 160, 162, 172.

Logan County, Kentucky, 232, 234.

Louisiana, 23, 27, 220.

Lutherans, 72, 120, 146, 188, 190, 232.

Luther League, 369.

Madison, James, Bishop, 232.

Madison, James, President, 402.

Maine, 20, 21, 23, 410.

Makemie, Francis, 121, 136.

Maria Monk, 312.

Marshall, John, 232.

Maryland, 49, 54-62.

Mason, John M., 263.

Mason, Lowell, 392.

Massacres, 2, 10, 11, 12, 48, 71, 76, 151, 194.

Mather, Cotton, 107, 153.

Mayhews, the, 150.

McConnell, S. D., 151, 170, 179, 211, 224.

McGee brothers, 233.

McGready, James, 233.

McIlvaine, C. P., 351.

McMasters, John Bach, 240.

Megapolensis, Domine, 71, 77, 150.

Menendez, 10.

Mennonites, 72, 117, 153.

Mercersburg theology, 377, 388.

Methodism:

tardy arrival in America, 198;

spreads southward, 201;

rapid growth, 202;

against slavery and intemperance, 205;

receives bishops, 219;

divided by the slavery agitation, 301;

in pioneer work, 332;

at the South, 353;

Ecumenical Conference, 413;

consolidation of Methodist sects, 414.

Michaelius, Jonas, 69.

Millerism, 336.

Mills, Samuel J., 248, 256.

Minuit, Peter, 69, 70, 76.

Missionary societies, 62, 252, 253, 255, 257, 258, 367.

Missions, American:

to Indians, 179, 246, 265;

to the West, 220, 327;

to the South, 355.

Missions, foreign, 252, 255, 257, 358.

Missions to America:

Icelandic, 2;

Spanish, 6-16;

French, 17-29;

of the S. P. G., 62, 66, 67, 80, 126, 131, 133, 135, 140, 177;

of the church of Holland, 195.

Missionary Ridge, 268.

Mississippi, the, 18, 21, 256.

Missouri Compromise, 270, 271, 284.

Mobs:

antipopery, 321;

pro-slavery, 283.

Montesinos, 9.

Montreal, 17, 20.

Moody, Dwight L., 344, 388.

Moor, Thoroughgood, 135.

Moore, George Foot, 380.

Moravians: in Georgia, 124;

in Pennsylvania, 189, 193;

missions to Indians, 194;

their liturgies, 394.

Mormonism, 335.

Morris, Colonel, 79.

Morris, Samuel, 173.

Morse, Jedidiah, 251.

Morton, Thomas, 88.

Mühlenberg, Henry M., 191-198.

Mulford, Elisha, 378.

Munger, Theodore T., 384.

Murray, John, 225.

Music, church, 391, 394.

Nansemond church, 48, 49, 59.

Nationalism of the Puritans, 100, 101, 128, 132, 137, 176.

Native American party, 313, 321.

Neill, E. D., 44, 51, 59.

Neshaminy, 142.

Nevin, John W., 377.

Newark, 110, 160.

New Brunswick, 162.

New England Company, 66.

New England theology, 181, 374.

New Englanders moving west, 80, 137.

New Haven theology, 294, 298.

New Jersey, 109-112.

New Jerusalem Church, 229.

New Londonderry, 160.

Newman, A. H., 131, 255, 275.

New Mexico, 6, 11.

New-School Presbyterians, 294, 346, 355.

New-Side Presbyterians, 166.

New York, 68-81;

diversity of sects, 134.

Nicholson, Governor, 52.

Nicolls, Governor, 78.

Nitschmann, David, 124, 193.

Northampton, 104, 155-159.

Norton, Andrews, 299.

Nott, Eliphalet, 263.

Nursing orders and schools, 368.

Oberlin College, 314.

Occum, Samson, 179.

Oglethorpe, James, 123.

O'Gorman, Bishop, 2, 15, 23, 24, 28, 216, 312, 321, 396.

Old-School Presbyterians, 295, 345, 353.

Old-Side Presbyterians, 166.

Orders in Roman Church, 330.

Ordination in New England, 96, 100.

Otis, Deacon, 360.

Otterbein, Philip William, 228.

Paine, Thomas, 230.

Palatines, 37, 53, 118, 140, 187.

Palfrey, John G., 98, 99, 100, 383.

Palmer, Ray, 387.

Pam-Methodist Conference, 413.

Pam-Presbyterian Alliance, 412.

Pan-Anglican Synod, 412.

Park, Edwards A., 151, 182, 184, 204, 305, 375.

Parker, Theodore, 300.

Parkman, Francis, 18.

Parliament of Religions, 418.

Pastorius, 117.

Penn, William, 112, 115, 143.

Persecutions, 36, 51, 107, 110, 130.

Pierpont, James, 81.

Pierpont, Sarah, 156.

Pierson, Abraham, 109, 150.

Pilgrims, 45, 83, 84, 86, 88, 93.

Plan of Union, 220, 258, 293.

Pocahontas, 46.

Pond, Enoch, 378.

Population of United States:

in 1790, 315;

in 1850, ibid.

Porter, Ebenezer, 286.

Pott, Governor, 55.

Presbyterians:

in Scotland and Ireland, 37, 110;

in America, 110, 121;

in New York, 136;

schism among, 166;

rapid growth, 186;

alliance with Congregationalists, 206;

earnestly antislavery, 268;

dissensions among, 292;

the great schism, 296;

characteristics as a sect, 332;

new schisms and reunions, 346, 353, 355;

liturgical movement, 388;

early unproductiveness in theology and literature, 394;

international alliance, 412.

Princeton College, 173, 175.

Princeton Seminary, 251, 380.

Prohibitory legislation, 290.

Protestant sects and Catholic orders, 330-334.

Protestantism in Europe divided, 31-34.

Provoost, Bishop, 212, 213, 232.

Psalmody, 182, 387, 391-393.

Pulpit, the American, 382.

Puritan jurisprudence, 113;

sabbatarian extravagance provokes reaction, 371.

Puritans:

not Separatists, 43;

in Virginia, 44-50;

in Maryland, 59;

antagonize the Separatists, 82;

settle at Salem, 90;

fraternize with the Pilgrims, 94;

church order, 96;

the great Puritan exodus bringing the charter, 98;

intend an established church, 100;

exclude factious dissenters, 101;

divergences of opinion, 103;

in New Jersey, 109;

Puritan church establishments fail, 108, 128, 174;

Nationalist principle succumbs to Separatist, 176.

Quakerism:

a reaction from Puritanism, 113;

its enthusiasm, 114;

its discipline, 114;

anticipated in continental Europe, 115;

Keith's schism, 119;

Quaker jurisprudence, 143;

failure in civil government, 144;

and in pastoral work, 145;

its sole and faithful witness at the South, 149;

the only organized church fellowship uniting the colonies, 150;

Hicksite schism, 314.

Quakers:

persecuted in England, 36;

in Virginia, 51, 53;

missions in Carolina, 64;

persecuted in New York, 73;

and in Massachusetts, 101;

dominant in New Jersey, 110;

and in Pennsylvania, 116;

excluded from Evangelical Alliance, 408.

Quanta Cura, bull, with Syllabus, 352, 396.

Quebec, 17, 20.

Raleigh, Sir Walter, 39, 62.

Redemptioners, 187.

Reformation in Spain, 4.

Reformed Church, German:

begins too late the care of German immigrants, 140;

long unorganized, 146;

persists in separation from other German Christians, 195.

Reformed-drunkard ethics, 290.

Reformed Dutch Church:

tardy birth in New York, 69;

and languishing life, 74, 78;

revival under Frelinghuysen, 81, 134, 141, 163.

Relly, James, 225.

Requerimiento of the Spanish, 9.

Restoration of the Stuarts, 51.

Revival of 1857, 342.

Revival of Roman Catholic Church, 214.

Rhode Island, 92, 106, 107.

Rice, David, 237.

Rice, Luther, 253.

Ripley, George, 299.

Rising, Governor, 77.

Robinson, Edward, 378.

Robinson, John, 83, 85, 86, 92.

Robinson, "One-eyed," 173.

Rolfe, John, 46.

Roman Catholic. See Catholic.

Rousseau, Jean Jacques, 87.

Rush, Benjamin, 226, 286.

Ryan, Archbishop, 324.

Sabbath observance, 371.

St. Andrew's Brotherhood, 369.

St. Augustine, 10.

St. Lawrence, the, 17.

Salem, 90, 96.

Saloons, tippling, 285, 288.

Saltonstall, Gurdon, 132, 133.

Salvation Army, 370.

Salzburgers, 37, 124, 125.

Sandys, Archbishop, and his sons, 44, 47.

Satolli, Monsignor, 396.

Saybrook Platform, 132, 137.

Schaff, Philip, 377, 382.

Schenectady, 21.

Schism:

in Presbyterian Church, 167, 241, 297, 346, 353;

among Congregationalists, 249;

among Unitarians, 298;

in Methodist Church, 302, 303;

among Baptists, 303;

among Quakers, 314;

healed, 355;

compensations of, 107, 304, 354, 404.

Schlatter, Michael, 195.

Schools:

for Virginia, 47, 48, 52;

in New York, 70, 75;

in New England, 103;

in New Jersey, 110;

in Pennsylvania, 196.

Scotch-Irish:

in Virginia, 47;

in Carolina, 64;

in Maryland, 121;

in Pennsylvania, 122;

in New York, 136;

in the Alleghanies, 146;

in the Awakening, 160;

principles and prejudices of, 186.

Screven, William, 64.

Scrooby, 44, 83.

Seabury, Samuel, 212.

Sects:

European imported, 31-34;

in New York, 72, 134, 140;

in Rhode Island, 106;

in New Jersey, 109;

the German, 117, 120;

multiply against established churches, 174;

enfeebling effect of, 188;

reconstruct themselves, 208;

competition of, 328;

characteristics of, 332;

multitude of, 400;

mischiefs of, 403.

Seminaries, theological, 249.

Separatists, 33, 44;

at Scrooby, Leyden, and Plymouth, 81-95;

in Rhode Island, 107;

their principle prevails, 176.

Sewall, Samuel, 152.

Seybert commission, 338.

Shaftesbury, Lord, 62.

Shedd, W. J. G., 382.

Sisterhoods, 368.

Slater educational fund, 357, 360.

Slavery:

of Indians, 8, 9, 152;

of negroes, in Florida, 10;

in Virginia, 48;

in all colonies, 147;

condemned in Massachusetts, 152;

and in Pennsylvania, 153;

increased cruelty of, 153.

Kindness to slaves, 154, 179, 246, 271.

Constant and unanimous protest of the church against slavery, 203-205, 222, 268-277.

Beginning of a pro-slavery party in the church, 277;

propagated by terror, 279-282.

Pro-slavery reaction at the North, 282.

Unanimous protests against extension of slavery, 284.

Slavery question in Presbyterian Church, 296;

in Methodist Church, 301;

in Baptist Convention, 303.

Failure of compromises, 340.

The Kansas Crusade, 341.

Apostasy of the southern church complete, 346.

Diversity of feeling among northern Christians, 347.

Slavery extinguished, 285, 351.

Smalley, John, 225.

Smith, Eli, 273, 378;

Henry Boynton, 381;

Henry Preserved, 380;

John, 38-42, 47;

Ralph, 90.

Smylie, James, 277.

Smyth, Newman, 384.

Social science in seminaries, 369, 386.

Societies, charitable, 252-259, 295, 407.

Society P. C. K., 67.

Society P. G. in Foreign Parts, 62, 67;

missions in Carolina, 67;

in New York, 80, 120, note, 135, 140;

in Pennsylvania, 119;

in New England, 131-133.

Society P. G. in New England, 66.

Sophocles, E. A., 379.

Southampton insurrection, 279.

Spain:

Reformation in, 3;

conquests and missions of, 7.

Spiritualism, 337-339.

Spotswood, Governor, 52.

Spring, Gardiner, 353.

Standish, Myles, 88.

Stiles, Ezra, 204, 222.

Stoddard, Solomon, 104, 155.

Stone, Barton W., 234.

Storrs, Richard S., 384.

Stowe, Mrs. H. B., 250.

Strawbridge, Robert, 200.

Strong, Augustus H., 378.

Stuart, Moses, 378.

Sturtevant, J. M., 294.

Stuyvesant, Peter, 71, 73, 77.

Sumner, Charles, 283.

Sunday observance, 371.

Sunday-schools, 258, 362.

Swedenborgians, 229.

Swedes, 75-77.

Syllabus of errors condemned by the pope, 352, 396.

Synod:

"Reforming," 105;

Presbyterian, 136;

disrupted, 167;

excision of, 297;

of Virginia, 346.

Talcott, Governor, 168.

Talmage, Thomas De Witt, 385.

Taylor, Nathaniel W., 294, 375.

Temperance:

efforts for, 75, 205, 206;

the Reformation, 285-291;

early legislation, 75, 288;

"Washingtonian movement," 288;

Prohibitionism, 290.

Tennent, Gilbert, 142, 162, 165, 167, 169.

Tennent, William, 141, 160.

Tennent, William, Jr., 180.

Thayer, Eli, 341, 342.

Thayer, Joseph H., 379.

Theological instruction, 81, 217, 249.

Theological seminaries, 249, 251, 252.

Theology, New England, 181, 243, 294, 355.

Theology, systems of, 375, 378.

Thomas, Allen C. and Richard H., 114, 139, 143.

Thomas, John R., 393.

Thompson, Joseph P., 404.

Thompson, Robert Ellis, 122, 147, 176, 346, 394.

Thomson, William M., 379.

Thornwell, James H., 314, note, 378.

Tiffany, Charles C., 65, 71, 120, 131, 134, 173, 207, 210, 213, 224, 232.

Torkillus, Pastor, 76.

Tracy, Joseph, 162, 169, 172, 179.

Trumbull, Henry Clay, 362, 379.

"Trusteeism," 215, 310.

Tuttle, Daniel S., 335.

Tyler, B. B., 236, 238, 242.

Union, Christian:

tendencies and attempts, 107, 191, 194, 206, 220, 349, 405, 406.

Unitarianism, 224, 249, 383.

United Brethren, 228.

Unity, real, in the church, 175, 324, 325, 334, 419;

manifestation of it yet future, 36, 417, 419.

Universalism, 225-228.

Van Twiller, Governor, 70.

Vermont, 21.

Vincent, John H., 363.

Virginia, 38-53, 55, 173.

Virginia Company, 40, 44, 48, 54.

Voluntary system, 244, 261, 328.

Vose, James G., 107.

Walker, Williston, 100, 104, 386.

Walloons, 69.

War:

between France and England, 21, 184;

the Seven Years', 22, 24;

Revolutionary, 202, 209;

the Civil, 348, 365;

produces schisms and healings, 353, 355.

Ward, William Hayes, 379.

Ware, Henry, 249, 383.

Ware, Henry, Jr., 251, 299, 383.

Warren, George William, 393.

Washingtonianism, 288.

Watts, Isaac, 158, 168, 182, 387, 391.

Wayland, Francis, 383.

Welsh immigrants, 118.

Wesley, Charles, 124, 125.

Wesley, John, 124, 159, 198, 200, 202, 217, 285.

Westminster League, 369.

Westminster Sabbath law, 371.

Westward progress of church, 219, 327, 358.

Wheelock, Eleazar, 179.

Whitaker, Alexander, 43, 46, 150.

White, Father, 57, 59.

White, John, 89.

White, Bishop William, 210, 212, 213.

Whitefield, George, 126, 163, 168, 173, 175, 177.

Wigglesworth, Michael, 103.

William and Mary, College of, 52.

Williams, Roger, 100, 106, 150.

Williams College, 248.

Wilson, Henry, 273, 274, 281.

Winchester, Elhanan, 226.

Wingfield, Governor, 39.

Winthrop, John, 49, 98.

Wise, John, 102.

Women's C. T. Union, 367.

Women's Crusade, 366.

Women's mission boards, 367.

Woods, Leonard, 378.

Woolman, John, 150, 203.

Ximenes, Cardinal, 3.

Yale College, 230, 243.

Yeo, John, 60.

Young Men's Christian Association, 343, 364, 409.

Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor, 368, 409.

Young Women's Christian Association, 366.

Zinzendorf, 124, 189, 190, 192.

Notes in this chapter

Note 1 · See the account of the Greenland church and its missions in Professor O'Gorman's "History of the Roman Catholic Church in the United States"Note 1 · Helps, "Spanish Conquest in America," vol. i., p. 234, American edition.Note 2 · Helps, "Spanish Conquest in America," vol. i., p. 235; also p. 355, where the grotesquely horrible document is given in full. In the practicNote 3 · "The Roman Catholic Church in the United States," by Professor Thomas O'Gorman (vol. ix., American Church History Series), p. 112.Note 1 · So Parkman.Note 2 · Bancroft's "United States," vol. iv., p. 267.Note 3 · Bancroft's "United States," vol. iii., p. 131.Note 5 · Bancroft, vol. iii., p. 121.Note 6 · Bishop O'Gorman, "The Roman Catholic Church in the United States," p. 136.Note 9 · See O'Gorman, chaps. ix.-xiv., xx.Note 10 · Mr. Bancroft, describing the "sad condition" of La Salle's colony at Matagorda after the wreck of his richly laden store-ship, adds that "evNote 11 · Dr. R. F. Littledale, in "Encyclopædia Britannica," vol. xiii., pp. 649-652.Note 12 · Both these charges are solemnly affirmed by the pope in the bull of suppression of the society (Dr. R. F. Littledale, in "Encyclopædia BritaNote 13 · Bancroft, vol. iii., p. 320.Note 16 · "Encyclopædia Britannica," vol. xiii., p. 654.Note 17 · Bishop O'Gorman, pp. 137-142.Note 18 · Bancroft, vol. iii., pp. 187, 188.Note 1 · Bancroft, vol. i., p. 138.Note 2 · See the interesting demonstration of this point in articles by E. D. Neill in "Hours at Home," vol. vi., pp. 22, 201. Mr. Neill's various puNote 5 · For fuller details concerning the Puritan character of the Virginia Company and of the early ministers of Virginia, see the articles of E. DNote 1 · W. H. Browne, "Maryland" (in American Commonwealths), p. 18.Note 2 · This seems to be the whole explanation of the curious paradox that the first experiment of religious liberty and equality before the law amoNote 3 · Browne, pp. 54-57; Neill, op. cit., pp. 270-274.Note 5 · H. C. Lodge, "British Colonies in America," pp. 119-124, with authorities cited. The severe characterization seems to be sustained by the evNote 6 · Tiffany, "Protestant Episcopal Church," p. 237.Note 1 · Dr. E. T. Corwin, "History of the Reformed (Dutch) Church in America" (in the American Church History Series), pp. 28-32.Note 2 · "The province, under the long years of Dutch supremacy, had gathered only some seven thousand inhabitants, against the hundred and twenty thNote 3 · See Corwin, p. 37; but compare the claim made in behalf of the Puritan Whitaker, "apostle to the Indians" thirty years earlier (Tiffany, "PrNote 6 · Corwin, p. 54.Note 8 · Corwin, p. 105.Note 10 · Corwin, p. 207. Undue stress should not be laid upon this formal fact. The early New England colleges were primarily and mainly theological Note 1 · The mutual opposition of Puritan and Pilgrim is brought out with emphasis in "The Genesis of the New England Churches," by L. Bacon, especiaNote 6 · The phrase is used in a large sense, as comprehending the whole subject of the nature and organization of the visible church (L. Bacon, "GenNote 9 · Morton's Memorial, in Palfrey, vol. i., p. 298.Note 10 · Palfrey, vol. i., p. 584.Note 11 · As, for example, with great amplitude by Palfrey; and in more condensed form by Dr. Williston Walker, "Congregationalists" (in American ChurNote 12 · L. Bacon, "Early Constitutional History of Connecticut."Note 14 · The name, applied at first as a stigma to the liberalizing school of New England theology, may easily mislead if taken either in its earlierNote 17 · Dr. J. G. Vose, "Congregationalism in Rhode Island," pp. 16, 53, 63.Note 3 · See the vindication of the act of the New Haven colonists in adopting the laws of Moses as the statute-book of the colony, in the "Thirteen Note 4 · For the dealing of Fox with the case of John Perrot, who had a divine call to wear his hat in meeting, see the "History of the Society of FrNote 5 · Quoted in Bancroft, vol. iii., p. 366.Note 6 · Bancroft, vol. ii., p. 392.Note 7 · H. C. Lodge, p. 213.Note 8 · For a fuller account of the sources of the population of Pennsylvania, see "The Making of Pennsylvania," by Sydney George Fisher (PhiladelphNote 9 · Tiffany, "Protestant Episcopal Church," pp. 210-212, 220. In a few instances the work suffered from the unfit character of the missionaries.Note 10 · Dubbs, "Reformed Church," p. 281; Jacobs, "The Lutherans," p. 260.Note 11 · R. E. Thompson, "The Presbyterian Churches," pp. 22-29; S. S. Green, "The Scotch-Irish in America," paper before the American Antiquarian SoNote 12 · The beautiful story of the processional progress of the Salzburg exiles across the continent of Europe is well told by Dr. Jacobs, "History Note 3 · Newman, "Baptist Churches in the United States," pp. 197, 198, 231.Note 4 · Tiffany, "Protestant Episcopal Church," chaps, iv., v.; C. F. Adams, "Three Episodes in Massachusetts History," pp. 342, 621.Note 5 · "Digest of S. P. G.," p. 42.Note 6 · Tiffany, chap. v. For a full account of these beginnings in Connecticut in their historical relations, see L. Bacon on "The Episcopal ChurchNote 7 · There were on duty in New York in 1730, besides the minister of Trinity Church, ten missionaries of the "S. P. G.," including several employNote 10 · "Mr. Hooker did often quote a saying out of Mr. Cartwright, that no man fashioneth his house to his hangings, but his hangings to his house.Note 11 · Thomas, "The Society of Friends," p. 239.Note 12 · Corwin, "Reformed (Dutch) Church," pp. 77, 78, 173.Note 16 · Thomas, "The Society of Friends," p. 236.Note 20 · In 1741, after a decade of great activity and growth, the entire clerical strength of the American Presbyterian Church, in its four presbyteNote 22 · It is a curious exception, if it is indeed an exception, that the one Christian colony that shows no record of early Indian missions should Note 23 · McConnell, "History of the American Episcopal Church," p. 7. The statement calls for qualification in detail, but the general fact is unmistNote 24 · H. C. Lodge, "English Colonies," p. 67 et seq.Note 1 · Of how little relative importance was this charge may be judged from the fact that a quarter-century later, when the famous Joseph Bellamy wNote 2 · See the altogether admirable monograph of Professor A. V. G. Allen on "Jonathan Edwards," p. 23.Note 3 · Allen, "Jonathan Edwards," pp. 164-174.Note 4 · Joseph Tracy, "The Great Awakening," chap. ii. This work, of acknowledged value and authority, is on the list of the Congregational Board ofNote 6 · Tracy, "Great Awakening," p. 51.Note 8 · Letter of September 24, 1743, quoted in McConnell, "American Episcopal Church," p. 142, note.Note 10 · Tracy, "Great Awakening," p. 389.Note 12 · Tiffany, "Protestant Episcopal Church," p. 45.Note 13 · "The Great Awakening ... terminated the Puritan and inaugurated the Pietist or Methodist age of American church history" (Thompson, "PresbytNote 14 · Unpublished lectures of the Rev. W. G. Andrews on "The Evangelical Revival of 1740 and American Episcopalians." It is much to be hoped that Note 16 · McConnell, pp. 144-146; W. G. Andrews, Lecture III.Note 17 · Tracy, pp. 187-192.Note 1 · See G. P. Fisher, "History of Christian Doctrine," pp. 394-418; also E. A. Park in the "Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia," vol. iii., pp. 1634-38.Note 2 · Of what sort was the life of a church and its pastor in those days is illustrated in extracts from the journal of Samuel Hopkins, the theoloNote 3 · Jacobs, "The Lutherans," pp. 191, 234; Dubbs, "German Reformed Church," p. 271.Note 5 · Jacobs, "The Lutherans," p. 196. The story of Zinzendorf, as seen from different points of view, may be studied in the volumes of Drs. JacobNote 8 · Jacobs, "The Lutherans," p. 289.Note 9 · Jacobs, pp. 227, 309, sqq.; Hamilton, p. 457. No account of the German-American churches is adequate which does not go back to the work of SNote 10 · Dr. J. M. Buckley, "The Methodists," p. 181.Note 11 · The attitude of Wesley toward the American cause is set forth with judicial fairness by Dr. Buckley, pp. 158-168.Note 12 · A full account of Hopkins's long-sustained activity against both slavery and the slave-trade is given in Park's "Memoir of Hopkins," pp. 114Note 14 · Dr. A. Green's Life of his father, in "Monthly Christian Advocate."Note 17 · See Tiffany, "Protestant Episcopal Church," pp. 267-278, where the subject is treated fully and with characteristic fairness.Note 1 · Quoted in Tiffany, p. 289, note. The extreme depression of the Protestant Episcopal and (as will soon appear) of the Roman Catholic Church, Note 3 · See the critical observations of Dr. McConnell, "History of the American Episcopal Church," pp. 264-276. The polity of this church seems to Note 4 · Tiffany, pp. 385-399.Note 5 · Bishop O'Gorman, pp. 269-323, 367, 399.Note 6 · Buckley, "The Methodists," pp. 182, 183.Note 7 · Jesse Lee, quoted by Dr. Buckley, p. 195.Note 10 · Tiffany, p. 347; McConnell, p. 249.Note 11 · Dr. Richard Eddy, "The Universalists," p. 429.Note 13 · Leonard Bacon, of New Haven, in conversation.Note 14 · Eddy, p. 387.Note 2 · Tiffany, "Protestant Episcopal Church," pp. 388, 394, 395.Note 5 · See B. B. Tyler, "History of the Disciples," pp. 11-17; R. V. Foster, "The Cumberland Presbyterians," pp. 260-263 (American Church History SNote 6 · Tyler, "The Disciples"; Foster, "The Cumberland Presbyterians," ubi supra.Note 7 · Let me add an illustrative instance related to me by the distinguished Methodist, Dr. David P. Durbin. Standing near the platform from whichNote 8 · So Dr. Buckley, "Methodism," p. 217.Note 3 · J. H. Allen, "The Unitarians," p. 194.Note 6 · "The Baptists," by Dr. A. H. Newman, pp. 379-442.Note 10 · Leonard Bacon, "A Plea for Africa," in the Park Street Church, Boston, July 4, 1824.Note 8 · "Christian Spectator," 1823, pp. 493, 494, 341; "The Earlier Antislavery Days," by L. Bacon, in the "Christian Union," December 9 and 16, 18Note 10 · Wilson, "Slave Power in America," vol. i., p. 164; "James G. Birney and his Times," pp. 64, 65. This last-named book is an interesting and vNote 11 · "Birney and his Times," chap. xii., on "Abolition in the South before 1828." Much is to be learned on this neglected topic in American histoNote 12 · Wilson, "The Slave Power," vol. i., chap. xiv.Note 14 · Newman, "The Baptists," pp. 288, 305. Let me make general reference to the volumes of the American Church History Series by their several inNote 15 · One instance for illustration is as good as ten thousand. It is from the "Life of James G. Birney," a man of the highest integrity of consciNote 20 · Wilson, "The Slave Power," vol. i., pp. 190-207.Note 22 · The true story of Mr. William Lloyd Garrison and his little party has yet to be written faithfully and fully. As told by his family and frieNote 24 · Sermon of L. Bacon (MS.), New Haven, July 4, 1830.Note 2 · For the close historical parallel to the exscinding acts of 1837 see page 167, above. A later parallel, it is claimed, is found in the "virtNote 4 · The intense antagonism of the New England Congregationalists to Jefferson and his party as representing French infidelity and Jacobinism admNote 6 · For a fuller account of the dissensions in the Catholic Church, consult, by index, Bishop O'Gorman's "History." On the modern organization oNote 8 · A studiously careful account of the Philadelphia riots of 1844 is given in the "New Englander," vol. ii. (1844), pp. 470, 624. This account Note 3 · Bishop O'Gorman, "The Roman Catholics," p. 375. The atrocity of such a plot seems incredible. We should have classed it at once with the MarNote 4 · The subject is reviewed in detail, from opposite points of view, by Bishop O'Gorman, pp. 489-500, and by Dr. Daniel Dorchester, "ChristianitNote 7 · Speech of Mr. M. T. Elder, of New Orleans, in the Catholic Congress at Chicago, 1893, quoted above, p. 322, note.Note 9 · Carroll, "Religious Forces of the United States," pp. 165-174; Bishop Tuttle, in "Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia," pp. 1575-1581; Professor JohnNote 1 · E. B. Andrews, "History of the United States," vol. ii., p. 66.Note 2 · Read "The Kansas Crusade," by Eli Thayer, Harpers, New York, 1889. It is lively reading, and indispensable to a full understanding of this pNote 3 · Thompson, "The Presbyterians," p. 135.Note 5 · For interesting illustrations of this, see Alexander, "The Methodists, South," pp. 71-75. The history of the religious life of the northern Note 1 · Thompson, "The Presbyterians," chap. xiii.; Johnson, "The Southern Presbyterians," chap. v.Note 2 · The immigration is thus given by decades, with an illustrative diagram, by Dr. Dorchester, "Christianity in the United States," p. 759: 1825Note 3 · Ibid., p. 714. We have quoted in round numbers. The figures do not include the large sums expended annually in the colportage work of Bible Note 4 · Dorchester, op. cit., p. 709.Note 7 · Dorchester, "Christianity in the United States," p. 715.Note 10 · Among the titles omitted from this list are the various "Lend-a-Hand Clubs," and "10 × 1 = 10 Clubs," and circles of "King's Daughters," andNote 11 · Dr. H. K. Carroll, in "The Independent," April 1, 1897.Note 4 · Williston Walker, "The Congregationalists," pp. 245, 246.Note 10 · For many generations the religious and theological literature of the country proceeded almost exclusively, at first or second hand, from NewNote 11 · So (for example) Bishop O'Gorman, "The Roman Catholics," p. 434. And yet, at the time, the bull with its appendix was certainly looked upon Note 3 · "This habit of respecting one another's rights cherishes a feeling of mutual respect and courtesy. If on the one hand the spirit of independNote 4 · Bryce, "American Commonwealth," vol. ii., p. 568.Note 11 · The first proposal for such an assembly seems to be contained in an article by L. Bacon in the "New Englander" for April, 1844. "Why might tNote 12 · See the pungent strictures of Horace Bushnell on "The Evangelical Alliance," in the "New Englander" for January, 1847, p. 109.
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