S. (continued 2)

Sum, conj. as. Comb.: swa summ, so as, S.

Sumer, sb. summer, S; see Somer.

Sumundis, pr. s. summonses, H; see Sompne.

Sund, adj. sound, S; sound, PP.—AS. (ge)sund; cp. OHG. gi-sunt (Otfrid).

Sunder, adv. apart; sonder, S2. Comb.: sunder-bleo, diverse colour, SD; sunder-halȝe, Pharisee, SD; sunder-liche, separately, S; sundirly, severally, H; sunder-lipes, severally, SD; sunder-lepes, S; sunder-ling, separately, SD. Der.: sundren, to separate, S; i-sundred, pp., S; sundri, separate, S; sondry, C2.

Sunegen, v. to sin, S; sinegen, S; sungið, pl., S; sunegeden, pt. pl., S; sinegeden, S; seneȝden, S; seneȝeden, S; sineged, pp., S; i-suneged, S.—AS. syngian; cp. Icel. syndga.

Sunen, v. to sound, S; see Sounen.

Sungen, pt. pl. sang, S; see Syngen.

Sunne, sb. sun, S. S2; see Sonne.

Sunne, sb. sin, S, S2, PP; senne, S; sinne, S; synne, PP; zenne, S2; sunnen, pl., S; sennenn, S; sinne, S; zennen, S2. Comb.: sun-bend, sin-bond, S; sinne-bendes, pl., S; sun-bote, penance, S; sinbote, S; sunful, sinful, S; senfulle, S; sinfule, S.—AS. synn: OS. sundea; cp. OHG. sunta (Tatian).

Suor, pt. t. of Sweren, q.v.

Sup, v. to sup, drink gradually, eat supper, S3; soop, pt. s., W; sopun, pp., W; sope, W.—AS. súpan, pt. séap (pl. supon), pp. sopen. Cf. Soupen.

Superflue, adj. superfluous, HD; superfluli, adv., W2.—OF. superflu (Cotg.); Lat. superfluum.

Supplement, sb. new piece, patch, S2.—Lat. supplementum.

Supposinge, sb. supposition, C2.

Supposs, conj. supposing, although, S3.

Supprioure, sb. sub-prior, P.

Sur, sb. shower; sures, pl., S; see Schowre.

Sur, adj. sour, S; see Sour.

Sure, adj. sure, PP.—AF. seür; Lat. securum.

Suren, v. to give security to, PP, S3.

Surety, sb. surety; seurtee, C3, S2; seurte, C; souerte, S3.—AF. seürte; Lat. securitatem.

Surfait, sb. surfeit, excess, P; surfet, PP.—AF. surfait, surfet, outrage, annoyance.

Surplys, sb. surplice, C3.—OF. surplis; Late Lat. superpelliceum.

Surquidry, sb. pride, arrogance, WA; surquedry, ND, Spenser 2; surquidrie, CM; succudry, B.—OF. surcuiderie, from surcuider; Lat. super + cogitare, to think.

Surrye, sb. Syria, S2.

Surryen, adj. Syrian, S2.

Suspect, sb. suspicion, C2, HD.—Late Lat. suspectus, suspicion (Ducange).

Suspect, adj. open to suspicion, C2.—Lat. suspectus, pp. of suspicere, to suspect.

Sustene, v. to sustain, C2; susteene, C3; susteyne, PP; sustened, pp., C2; i-susteined, S2; i-sousteined, S2.—AF. sustener, OF. sostenir; Lat. sustinēre.

Suster, sb. sister, S, C2, C3, PP; soster, S2; sustre, P; sustren, pl., S, P; sostren, S2; zostren, S2; sistren, C; sistris, W.—AS. swuster, sweostor; cp. Goth. swistar (Icel. systir), cognate with Lat. soror (for *sosor), Skt. svasr. On the Teutonic intrusive t see Douse, p. 61.

Sute, sb. suit of clothes, clothing of human flesh, also train, suite, PP, Cath., Prompt.—AF. suyte; from suivre, sivre, to follow. See Suen.

Sutel, adj. manifest, SD; suteliche, adv. plainly, S.—AS. sweotol (swutol), see OET; from sweot, an assembly; cp. Icel. sveit.

Suteli, adv. subtly, W; see Sotyle.

Sutelin, v. to be manifest, S.—AS. (ge)sweotulian.

Suð, adj. south, S; see Sowthe.

Suþe, adv. very, S; see Swithe.

Suþþe, afterwards, since, S, S2; see Siððen.

Suthroun, adj. southern, S3; see Sowtherne.

Suun, sb. a swoon, S2; see Swowne.

Suwed, pp. followed, S2; see Suen.

Swa, adv. and conj. so, as, S, S2; swo, S; sa, S, S2; so, S, S2; se, S; sua, S, S2; zuo, S2. Comb.: se-forð, so far, S; so-gat, in such a way, S2.—AS. swá.

Swage, v. to assuage, diminish, W, W2, H, S3. See Aswagen.

Swaliden, pt. pl. dried up, W; see Swelen.

Swamish, adj. timorous, inaudaculus, Manip. See Sweem.

Swappe, sb. a stroke, HD.

Swappen, v. to strike, slash, to fall suddenly, C2; swap, imp. s., C3; swapte, pt. s., C2; pl., S3.

Swarde, sb. covering, skin, turfy surface, sward, Prompt.; swarth, Cath. (n. p. 373); swarthe, HD; swart, HD; sweard, HD. Der.: swardit, pp., grass-covered, S3.—AS. sweard, skin (Voc.); cp. Icel. svörðr (base svarða-), skin of the head, also the sward, surface of the earth.

Sware, adj. square, S2; see Sqware.

Swart, adj. black, S, HD; swarte, S.—AS. sweart: OS. swart; cp. OHG. suarz (Tatian).

Swarve, v. to swerve, S3; see Sweruen.

Swat; see Swot.

Swatte, Swat; see Sweten.

Swe, v. to follow, S3; see Suen.

Sweande; see Sweyen.

Sweem, sb. a swoon, trance, grief, Prompt., SkD (s.v. squeamish); sweam, ‘subita aegrotatio,’ SkD; swaim, Prompt. (n); swem, S; sweme, SkD, HD; sume, S2.—Icel. sveimr, a bustle, stir.

Sweigh, sb. sway, motion, S2, C3. See Sweyen.

Swele, v. to wash, S2; see Swilien.

Swelen, v. to sweal, to waste away under the action of fire, SkD, Trevisa, 3. 325; swale, HD; swaliden, pt. pl., dried up, W.—AS. swélan; from swól, heat (OET).

Swellen, v. to swell; swal, pt. s., S, S2, C2, PP; swollen, pp., C2.—AS. swellan, pt. sweall, pp. swollen.

Swelten, v. to faint, to die, PP; swalt, pt. s., SD; swulten, pl., SD; swelte, pt. s. (weak), C, HD.—AS. sweltan, to die, pt. swealt (pl. swulton); cp. Icel. svelta.

Swelten, v. to destroy, to cause to perish, S2; swelt, pp., SD.—Icel. svelta, to put to death (causal of the above).

Swelth, sb. offscouring, filth, S3, HD, ND. See Swilian.

Swelwen, v. to swallow, C2; see Swolowen.

Swem, sb. a grief, S; see Sweem.

Swenchen, v. to distress, afflict, S; suencten, pt. pl., S; i-swechte, pp., S.—AS. swencan (causal of swincan). See Swinken.

Sweore, sb. neck, S; see Swere.

Sweote, adj. sweet, S; see Swete.

Swep, sb. drift, meaning, S. See Swopen.

Swepe, sb. whip, SD; swepen, pl., S; swupen, S; swepes, S.

Swepen, v. to sweep, SkD; y-sweped, pp., C3. See Swopen.

Swerde, sb. sword, Prompt., PP; swerd, PP, S, C2; sweord, S; suerd, S, S2; zuord, S2.—AS. sweord: OS. swerd; cp. OHG. swert (Tatian).

Swere, sb. neck, S; sweere, G; see Swire.

Sweren, v. to swear, S, S2, C2; swerien, S; sueren, S; swor, pt. s., S: suor, S, S2; sware, S2; sweren, pl., S; sworen, S, C2; suoren, S; suore, S2; sworen, pp., S; swore, C2, G; y-swore, S2, C2; i-suore, S2.—AS. swerian, pt. swór, pp. sworen.

Swering, sb. swearing, C3.

Sweruen, v. to swerve, SkD; swarve, S3; suaruing, pr. p., S3; swarued, pp., S3.—AS. sweorfan, to rub, pt. swearf, pp. sworfen.

Swete, adj. sweet, S, C; sweote, S; suete, S, S2; suote, S2; sote, C2, C3; swete, adv., S; swote, S, C; soote, S3; soot, S3; swettere, comp., W2; sweteliche, adv., sweetly, S; swetlike, S; swetterly, comp. more sweetly, H. Der.: swetnesse, sweetness, S; swotnesse, S.—AS. swéte: OS. swóti cp. OHG. suozi (Tatian).

Sweten, v. to make sweet, S.—AS. swétan.

Sweten, v. to sweat, S, P; swatte, pt. s., S, C2, C3, W2; swattes, 2 pt. s., S; swat, pl., S3.—AS. swǽtan, pt. swǽtte. See Swot.

Sweuen, sb. dream, S, C2; sweuene, S, S2, P, W; swefnes, pl., S.—AS. swefen: OS. sweban.

Sweuenen, v. to dream, SD.

Sweuening, sb. dreaming, S, S2.

Sweuien, v. to send to sleep; sweueð, pr. s., S.—Icel. svefja, to lull to sleep.

Sweyen, v. to sway, to go, walk, pass, SkD, HD; sweiȝen, SD; sweȝen, SkD; sweande, pr. p., S2; swe, pr. pl., S2; seyed, pp., S2.—Cp. Swed. sviga, to bend.

Sweyen, v. to sound, PP; sweien, S.—AS. swégan (causal of swógan). See Swowen.

Sweyne, sb. servant, armiger, Prompt., S; swayn, C2, G; swein, S; sueyn, S; suein, S2.—Icel. sveinn, a boy, lad, servant; cp. AS. swán.

Swi-, prefix, silent. Comb.: swi-dages, still days, days of silence, S; swi-messe, the Canon of the Mass, the silent Mass, S; swi-wike, the still week, SD.—AS. swíge, silence.

Swien, v. to be silent; swigeð, pr. s., S; swiede, pt. s., S.—AS. swían, swígian; cp. OHG. suíigén (Tatian).

Swiere, sb. neck, S; see Swire.

Swike, sb. traitor, deceiver, S; suikes, pl., S.—AS. swica.

Swike, sb. mouse-trap, S; swyke, Voc.; suik, deceit, S2.—AS. swice, ‘scandalum’ (Grein).

Swike, adj. deceitful, SD. Comb.: swikedom, treachery, S, S2; suikedom, S2; swicful, treacherous, S; swikfull, H.—AS. swice.

Swikel, adj. treacherous, S, H; sikil, H; swikilly, adv., H. Comb.: swikeldom, treachery, S; swikeldome, S2; swikelhede, treachery, S; swikelede, S; suikelhede, S2.—AS. swicol.

Swiken, v. to cease, fail, deceive, S; swyken, H; suyken, pt. pl., S.—AS. swícan, pt. swác (pl. swicon), pp. swicen.

Swilien, v. to wash, SkD; swele, S2.—AS. swilian.

Swilk, adj. such, H, S; see Swyche.

Swin, sb. pig, porcus, SD; swyne, Voc.; pl., S.—AS. swín.

Swinden, v. to perish, dwindle away, S; swynde, S.—AS. swindan, pt. swand (pl. swundon), pp. swunden.

Swing, sb. bias, inclination, sway, HD; free course of behaviour, S3; swinge, sway, S3.

Swingen, v. to swing, beat, whip, scourge; swyngen, H; swungen, pp., S; swongen, H; swongyn, H.—AS. swingan, pt. swang (pl. swungon), pp. swungen.

Swink, sb. toil, S, C3; swynk, S2; swinc, S; suinc, S; swinch, S; swunche, S.—AS. (ge)swinc.

Swinken, v. to toil, S, C3, ND; swynke, S2, C; swincke, S3; swanc, pt. s., S; swonc, S; swunken, pl., S; swonken, S2; suank, S2.—AS. swincan, pt. swanc (pl. swuncon), pp. swuncen.

Swinkere, sb. labourer, C.

Swippen, v. to move violently; swipte, pt. s., tossed, S.—AS. swipian.

Swire, sb. neck, CM; swyre, S2, HD; sweore, S; swere, S; sweere, G; swiere S; swyer, HD.—AS. sweora.

Swirk, v. to dart swiftly away, S3.

Swirk, sb. a jerk, a blow, HD.

Swithe, adv. very, greatly, much, quickly, S, S2, P, W, G; swythe, S, S2, C3; swuðe, S; suiðe, S, S2; suyðe, S, S2; suþe, S; swith, S2; swiðeliche, exceedingly, S.—AS. swíðe, adv. from swíð, strong: Goth. swinths.

Swiðen, v. to scorch, burn, SD; swideð, pr. s., S.—Icel. svíða.

Swo, so, as, S; see Swa.

Swogh, sb. a swoon; see Swough.

Swolowe, sb. gulf, W2.

Swolowen, v. to swallow, W2; swolwen, C3; swelwen, C2, Prompt.; swolgen, pp., S; i-swolȝe, S; swolewid, pt. s. weak, W2.—From AS. swelgan, pt. swealh (pl. swulgon), pp. swolgen.

Swongen, pp. beaten, H; see Swingen.

Swonken, pt. pl. toiled (to get), S2; see Swinken.

Swopen, v. to sweep, cleanse, S2, PP, HD, SkD (s.v. swoop).—AS. swápan, pt. swéop, pp. swápen.

Swor, pt. t. of Sweren, q.v.

Swot, sb. sweat, PP, W; swat, S; swote, dat., C3.—AS. swát.

Swote, adj. sweet, S, C; see Swete.

Swouch, v. to make a rustling sound, S3.—AS. swógan. See Swowen.

Swough, sb. the sound of the wind, a sighing, swoon, C, C2, CM, HD; swogh, S3, HD; swowe, S2, HD. See above.

Swowe, sb. swoon, S2; see Swough.

Swowen, v. to faint, swoon, PP; i-swoȝe, pp., S; y-swoȝe, S.—AS. swógan, to make a noise like the wind, to sough, sigh. Cf. Swouch, Swough, Suhien.

Swowne, sb. swoon; sowne, S3; suun, S2; swownde, HD; sound, S3.

Swownen, v. to swoon, C, C2, C3, Prompt., Cath.; swoune, PP.

Swunche, sb. toil, S; see Swink.

Swungen, pp. beaten, scourged, S; see Swingen.

Swunken, pt. pl. worked, toiled, S; see Swinken.

Swupen, pl. whips, scourges, S; see Swepe.

Swuðe, adv. very, quickly, S; see Swithe.

Swyche, adj. such, PP, S2; swiche, S, C2, PP; swuch, S; suich, S2; soche, S; zuyche, S2; siche, W; swice, S; swulche, S; swilch, S; swulc, S; swilc, S; swilk, H, S; suilc, S; suilk, S, S2; silc, S2; sike, S3.—AS. swilc (= swá + líc).

Swymbel, sb. a giddy motion, C.—Cp. Dan. svimmel, giddiness.

Swyme, sb. dizziness, vertigo, HD (s.v. swime), SkD (s.v. swim, 2); swym, SkD.—AS. swíma; see SkD (s.v. squeamish).

Sy, sb. victory, S; see Siȝe.

Syde, adj. and adv. wide, long, far, Cath.; side, S, PP, S2, Cotg. (s.v. robon); syd, Prompt. (n); syyd, Prompt.; cyyd, Prompt.; sydder, comp., P.—AS. síd, wide, síde, far.

Syen, pt. pl. saw; see Seon.

Syke, sb. sigh, C; syk, C2; seych, S3.

Syken, v. to sigh, C, C3, PP; siken, S, S2, PP; syghte, pt. s., C3; sicht, S3; sykede, PP; syked, C2; siȝede, S3.—AS. sícan.

Syment, sb. cement, MD; cyment, MD.—OF. ciment; Lat. caementum; see BH, § 39.

Symented, pp. cemented, S2.

Symulacris, sb. pl. images, idols, W; simylacris, W; symelacris, W.—Lat. simulacrum (Vulg.).

Syn, since, S2, S3; see Siððen.

Synewe, sb. sinew, Prompt.; synow, Voc.; synoghe, S2.—AS. sinu (gen. sinwe), see Sievers, 259.

Syng, sb. sign, S3; singne, W; sygne, PP; signe, PP.—AF. signe; Lat. signum.

Syngabil, adj. pl. things to sing (= Lat. cantabiles), H.

Syngen, v. to sing, PP; singen, S; song, pt. s., S, S3, C2; pl., S3; songe, S3; sungen, pl., S; sunge, pp., S; songe, C2.—AS. singan.

Synguler, adj. sole, alone, excelling all, PP; singuler, S2, C3, W2; relating to one person, S3; singulare, individual, S3; syngulerli, only, W2.—Lat. singularis.

Synnamome, sb. cinnamon, S3; cynamome, MD; synamome, MD; synamon, MD.—OF. cinamome; Lat. cinnamomum (Vulg.); Gr. κινάμωμον; Heb. qinnāmōn.

Synopyr, sb. a pigment of reddish and greenish colour, Prompt.; synopar, S3; cynoper, MD; cinoper, ND; cynope, green, in heraldry, SkD (s.v. sinople).—Cp. OF. sinople, green colour in blazon (Cotg.), also sinope; Late Lat. sinopidem, red ochre; from Gr. σινωπίς, a red earth; from Σινώπη, Sinope, a port on the Black Sea.

Syon, sb. scion, a cutting for grafting, a young shoot, S3, Palsg.; cyun, Prompt.; cion, SkD; sioun, SD; siouns, pl., branches (= Lat. palmites), W2.—OF. cion.

Syrupe, sb. syrup, Cath.; sirop, SkD; soryp, Prompt.; seroppes, pl. syrups, S3.—OF. syrop (Cotg.); Arab. shuráb, syrup, a beverage.

Sythe, sb. scythe, PP, Voc., Prompt.; sithe, P.—AS. síðe (Voc.), sigdi (OET); cp. Icel. sigðr.

Syue, sb. sieve, C3, Prompt.—AS. sife (Voc.), sibi (OET), see Sievers, 262.

Syȝen, pt. pl. saw; see Seon.

Syȝt, sb. sight, S2; see Sighte.