Part 15 — INDEX

Note:—This Index should not be used by itself: reference should always be made to the Chronicle.

Ap = April Au = August D = December F = February Ja = January Je = June Jl = July Mh = March My = May N = November O = October S = September

The number following the month-letter indicates the year, e.g. 17 S 5 = 17th September 1915.

[To avoid splitting up the fighting in the Balkans under different headings, all military operations south of Nish are classed under Macedonia, with the exception of Albania.]

Abercorn, Germans driven from, 1 Au 5 Ablain captured by the French, 29 My 5 Abo, Germans land at, 12 Mh 8 Aboukir, H.M.S., sunk, 22 S 4 Achiet-le-Grand capt. by British, 23 Au 8 Achiet-le-Petit capt. by British, 21 Au 8 Acre captured by British, 23 S 8 Adamello Glacier, Italian successes on the, 11 Ap 6, 29 Ap 6, 26 My 8 Addison, Dr., becomes Minister of Munitions, 10 D 6 Aden Protectorate:—invaded by Turks, 12 F 5; they capture Lahej, 5 Jl 5 Adrianople, air-raids on, 14 Ap 6, 2 S 7 Adriatic, swept by Allied fleets, 16 Au 4 ——, naval action in the, 15 My 7 (see also Cattaro, Durazzo, Pola) Africa: see East Africa, South Africa, South-West Africa, Cameroons Agagia, a battle at, 26 F 6 Agnello Pass capt. by Italians, 10 Je 7 Air Board constituted, 18 My 6 —— Ministry announced, 16 O 7 —— Raids: see under the towns raided, and under Zeppelin Raids Air-raids on the S.-E. Counties, 5 Je 7, 3 S 7 Aisne, 1st Battle of the, 13-28 S 4 ——, 2nd Battle of the, 16 Ap-20 My 7 ——, 3rd Battle of the, 27 My-2 Je 8 ——, a French attack on the, 23 O 7 Akaba, the Turks driven from, 22 F 5 Akhlat captured by Russians, 19 F 6 Ala captured by Italians, 27 My 5 Aland Is. occupied by Germans, 5 Mh 8 Albania:—the Bulgarians capture Elbasan, 17 D 5; the Italians occupy Durazzo, 20 D 5; the Austrians retake it, 27 F 6; the French and Italians join forces, 18 F 7; they advance, 17 My 8; they launch an offensive, 5 Jl 8; and make rapid progress, 6-8 Jl 8; the Italians capture Berat, 10 Jl 8; the Austrians retire, 12 Jl 8; and launch a counter-offensive, 22 Au 8; they recapture Berat and Fieri, 26 Au 8; the Italians retake Berat, 1 O 8; Elbasan, 7 O 8; Durazzo, 14 O 8; Alessio, 27 O 8; Scutari, 4 N 8 Albert, the Battle of, 25-29 S 4; the Germans attack near, 11 Ap 6; captured by Germans, 27 Mh 8; retaken by British, 22 Au 8 Alcantara sunk, 29 F 6 Aleppo captured by British, 26 O 8 Alessio captured by Italians, 27 O 8 Alexeieff, Gen., resigns, 4 Je 7; his forces defeated, 13 F 8 Allenby, Gen., succeeds Gen. Murray, 29 Je 7 Allied War Council first meets in Paris, 6 D 5; in London, 9 Je 6 Alsace invaded by France, 7 Au 4 Altkirch captured by the French, 7 Au 4 Alyssum, H.M.S., sunk, 18 Mh 7 Amalfi sunk, 8 Jl 5 Amara captured by British, 3 Je 5 America: see United States Amethyst, H.M.S., a raid by, 15 Mh 5 Amiens captured by Germans, 31 Au 4 ——, the Battle of, 8-12 Au 8 Amiral Charnier sunk, 8 F 6 Amiral Ganteaume sunk, 26 O 4 Amiral Magon sunk, 25 Ja 7 Amman, fighting at, 26-31 Mh 8; the British retire from before, 1 Ap 8; reoccupied by British, 25 S 8 Amphion, H.M.S., sunk, 6 Au 4 Anchusa, H.M.S., sunk, 16 Jl 8 Ancre, fighting on the, 13-18 N 6, 6 F-13 Mh 7 Anglia sunk, 17 N 5 Ancona sunk, 7 N 5 Angola, 1st German invasion, 23 O 4 ——, 2nd German invasion, 17 N 4 Antilles sunk, 17 O 7 Antivari captured by Austrians, 22 Ja 6 Antwerp: the Belgian Govt. moves to, 17 Au 4; attacked by Germans, 28 S 4; the British Naval Division arrives, 5 O 4; the Belgian Govt. evacuates, 7 O 4; bombarded by Germans, 8 O 4; evacuated by Belgians, 8 O 4; captured by Germans, 10 O 4; an air-raid on, 24 Mh 5; reoccupied by Belgians, 19 N 8 Anzac, Turkish attacks at, 4 N 5; the evacuation of, begins, 8 D 5; is completed, 20 D 5 Apapa sunk, 28 N 7 Appam captured by the Möwe, 16 Ja 6; arrives at the U.S., 1 F 6 Arabia sunk, 6 N 6 Arabic sunk, 19 Au 5 Arabis sunk, 10 F 6 Arbutus, H.M.S., sunk, 16 D 7 Arcadian sunk, 15 Ap 7 Archangel, Allied forces land at, 2 Au 8 Archduke Ferdinand assassinated, 28 Je 4 Ardahan occup. by Turks, 1 Ja 5; reoccup. by Russians, 3 Ja 5; reoccup. by Turks, 6 Ap 8 Arethusa, H.M.S., sunk, 11 F 6 Argentina: dismisses Count Luxburg, 12 S 7 Argyll, H.M.S., lost, 28 O 5 Ariadne, H.M.S., sunk, 26 Jl 7 Ariadne sunk, 15 Ja 6 Ariel, H.M.S., sinks the U12, 9 Mh 5; is sunk, 2 Au 8 Arleux captured by British, 28 Ap 7 Armadale sunk, 27 Je 7 Armentières captured by Germans, 11 Ap 8; retaken by British 3 O 8 Armistice: Austria with the Allies, 4 N 8; Bulgaria with the Allies, 30 S 8; Germany with the Allies, 11 N 8; Turkey with the Allies, 31 O 8 Army, the British, transferred to Flanders, 1-19 O 4; takes over an additional sector of the Front (announced), 26 Ja 8; G.H.Q. moved to Montreuil, 31 Mh 6; occupies Cologne bridge-head, 12 D 8; see also Expeditionary Force Arras, reoccup. by the French, 30 S 4; attacked by Germans, 20 O 4; the 1st Battle of, 9 Ap—16 My 7 Arsiero captured by Austrians, 31 My 6; recaptured by Italians, 27 Je 6 Artemis sunk, 2 F 6 Artvin occupied by Russians, 5 Ap 5 Asadabad Pass, fighting in the, 5-6 Mh 7 Ascalon, fighting at, 13 N 7 Asiago captured by Austrians, 31 My 6; recaptured by Italians, 25 Je 6; by Austrians, 9 N 7; retaken by Allies, 29 O 8 Asquith, Mr., resigns, 5 D 6 Aster, H.M.S., sunk, 4 Jl 7 Astræa, H.M.S., shells Dar-es-Salaam, 13 Au 4 Asturias attacked, 1 F 5; sunk, 21 Mh 7 Athens, a naval demonstration at, 1 S 6; fighting in, 6 D 6 Athos sunk, 17 F 7 Attack, H.M.S., sunk, 30 D 7 Aubers recapt. by British, 17 O 4 Audacious, H.M.S., sunk, 27 O 4 Augustovo, the Battle of, 29 S—4 O 4; fighting near, 8 Mh 5 Auja River, fighting on the, 9 Mh 8 Austria-Hungary: sends an ultimatum to Serbia, 23 Jl 4; declares war on Serbia, 28 Jl 4; declares war on Russia, 5 Au 4; invades Poland, 10 Au 4; invades Serbia (i), 13 Au 4; evacuates Serbia (i), 25 Au 4; invades Serbia again (ii), 7 S 4; evacuates Serbia (ii), 15 S 4; invades Serbia again (iii), 1 N 4; evacuates Serbia (iii), 15 D 4; is invaded by Italy, 24 My 5; invades Montenegro, 9 O 5; the Emperor dies, 21 N 6; severs relations with the U.S.A., 8 Ap 7; Count Tisza resigns, 22 My 7; the Reichsrath is summoned, 31 My 7; Dr. v. Seidler becomes Premier, 24 Je 7; resigns, 22 Ja 8; the Govt. issues a 'Peace Note,' 15 S 8; asks for an Armistice, 27 O 8; signs an Armistice with the Entente Powers, 3 N 8; the Emperor Karl abdicates, 12 N 8; Peace signed, 10 S 9 Austria-Hungary, Francis Joseph, Emperor of, dies, 21 N 6 —— Karl, Emperor of, abdicates, 12 N 8 Avenger, H.M.S., sunk, 14 Je 7 Avesnes captured by British, 8 N 8 Avocourt Wood captured by Germans, 22 Mh 6 Ayette recaptured by British, 2 Ap 8 Azizie reached by the British, 23 O 5; they retire from, 30 N 5 Aztec sunk, 2 Ap 7 B. E. F.: see Expeditionary Force Badger, H.M.S., rams a submarine, 24 O 4 Baghdad capt. by British, 11 Mh 7 Baiburt captured by Russians, 15 Jl 6 Bailleul occupied by Germans, 4 O 4; retaken by British, 14 O 4; by Germans, 15 Ap 8; by British, 30 Au 8 Baku occupied by British, 4 Au 8; the Turks attack, 26 Au 8; again, 31 Au 8; the British evacuate, 14 S 8; they occupy it, 17 N 8 Balfour, Mr., becomes First Lord of the Admiralty, 26 My 5; Foreign Secretary, 10 D 6 Ballarat sunk, 27 Ap 7 Baltic Provinces invaded by Germany, 27 Ap 5 Bango Mountain, fighting at, 6 N 5 Bapaume, fighting on the Ridge, 5 Mh 7, 13 Mh 7; British capture the village, 17 Mh 7; the Germans take it, 24 Mh 8; the Battle of, 21-31 Au 8; captured by the British, 29 Au 8 Baranovitchi, the Battle of, 2-14 Jl 6 Bare occupied by British, 10 D 4 Basra occupied by British, 21 N 4 Batoum captured by Turks, 13 Ap 8 Battenberg, Adm. Prince L. of, succeeded by Adm. Lord Fisher, 29 O 4 Bauer, Herr, becomes Premier, 21 Je 9 Bavarian Republic proclaimed, 7 N 8 Bayano, H.M.S., sunk, 11 Mh 5 Beatty, Adm. Lord, appointed to command of Grand Fleet, 29 N 6 Beaucamp captured by British, 27 S 8 Beaucourt captured by British, 14 N 6, 21 Au 8 Beaumont Hamel captured by British, 13 N 6 Beersheba captured by British, 31 O 7 Beirut occupied by French, 7 O 8 Beitunia captured by British, 28 D 7 Belad station captured by British, 8 Ap 7 Belgium: invaded by Germany, 3 Au 4; the Govt. moves to Antwerp, 17 Au 4; to Ostend, 7 O 4; the last German troops depart, 27 N 8 Belgrade bombarded by Austria, 29 Jl 4; captured by Austrians, 2 D 4; retaken by Serbians, 15 D 4; by Austrians, 8 O 5; by Serbians, 1 N 8 Bellewarde Ridge, fighting on the, 16 Je 5 Belluno captured by Austrians, 10 N 7 Ben-my-Chree, H.M.S., sunk, 11 Ja 7 Benedetto Brin destroyed, 28 S 5 Berat captured by Italians, 10 Jl 8; recaptured by Austrians, 26 Au 8; by Italians, 1 O 8 Berestetchko occupied by Russians, 22 Jl 6 Bergamot, H.M.S., sunk, 13 Au 7 Beringia, action at, 22 My 6 Berry-au-Bac captured by French, 7 O 8 Bethel captured by British, 30 D 7 Bethincourt evacuated by French, 8 Ap 6 Bethmann-Hollweg, von, dismissed, 14 Jl 7 Beyers: see under South Africa Bight of Heligoland: see Heligoland ——, Battle of the, 28 Au 4 Bireh captured by British, 29 D 7 Birmingham, H.M.S., sinks the U15, 9 Au 4 Birrell, Mr., resigns, 2 My 6 Bismarck Archipelago occupied by Australia, 11 S 4 Bitlis captured by Russians, 2 Mh 6; recaptured by Turks, 2 Au 6; by Russians, 23 Au 6 Bixschoote, a Belgian success at, 17 Ap 8 Bligny captured by British, 7 Je 8 Blockade, Minister of, Ld. R. Cecil becomes the first, 10 D 6 Blonie lines evacuated by Russians, 4 Au 5 Blücher sunk, 24 Ja 5 'Bluff,' the, a German success at, 14 F 6; the British retake it, 2 Mh 6 Boelcke, Capt., shot down, 29 O 6 Bolivia severs relations with Germany, 13 Ap 7 Bolo Pasha, his trial begins, 4 F 8; is condemned, 14 F 8; is executed, 17 Ap 8 Bordeaux, French Govt. moved to, 3 S 4 Boselli, Sig., resigns, 25 O 7 Bosnia, 1st invasion by Serbia, 12 Au 4; 2nd invasion, 22 S—27 O 4 Botha, Gen., announces decision to invade S.W. Africa, 9 S 4; assumes command of Union Forces, 22 S 4; crushes rebellion, 8 D 4; sails for S.-W. Africa, 8 F 5; receives surrender of German forces, 9 Jl 5 Botha, H.M.S., sinks German destroyer, 21 Mh 8 Botogu, a battle at, 18 D 6 Bouchavesnes, fighting at, 4 Mh 7; captured by British, 1 S 8 Bourlon Wood, fighting in, 21 N—5 D 7; capt. by British, 27 S 8 Bouvet sunk, 18 Mh 5 Boyelles captured by British, 23 Au 8 Braemar Castle sunk, 24 N 6 Braila captured by Austro-Germans, 5 Ja 7 Brasso occupied by Roumanians, 29 Au 6; retaken by Austro-Germans, 7 O 6 Bratiano, M., becomes Premier, 2 Ja 7 Bray captured by British, 24 Au 8 Brazil severs relations with Germany, 9 Ap 7 Bremen sunk, 17 D 5 Breslau escapes from Messina, 6 Au 4; is attacked by H.M.S. Gloucester, 7 Au 4; reaches the Dardanelles, 10 Au 4; is attacked by a Russian squadron, 18 N 4; makes a sortie and is sunk, 20 Ja 8 Brest-Litovsk captured by Germans, 25 Au 5; Armistice negotiations between Germany and Russia begin at, 2 D 7; an Armistice is signed at, 15 D 7; Peace negotiations between Germany and Russia begin at, 22 D 7; the Armistice ends, 18 F 8; Peace between Germany and Russia signed at, 2 Mh 8 Briand, M., becomes Premier, 28 O 5; resigns, 17 Mh 7 Brilliant, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ap 8 Britannia, H.M.S., sunk, 9 N 8 Britannic sunk, 21 N 6 British Army transferred to Flanders, 1-19 O 4; takes over a section of the French front, 26 Ja 8; see also Expeditionary Force Brits, Col., defeats Maritz at Ratedrai, 15 O 4; at Kakamas, 26 O 4; defeats rebels at Schuit Drift, 30 O 4 Broadstairs, an air-raid on, 9 F 6; bombarded, 25 F 7 Brody captured by Russians, 23 Au 4; by Austro-Germans, 1 S 5; a Russian offensive against, 15 Jl 6; captured by Russians, 28 Jl 6 Broke, H.M.S., sinks German destroyers, 20 Ap 7 Bruges, air-raids on, 2 F 7, 8 F 7, 16 F 7, 1 Je 7, 3 Je 7, 23 Mh 8; recaptured by Belgians, 19 O 8 Brussiloff, Gen., succeeds Gen. Ivanoff, 4 Ap 6; succeeds Gen. Alexeieff, 4 Je 7; resigns, 1 Au 7 Brussels captured by Germans, 23 Je 6 Brussels, the Belgian Govt. evacuates, 17 Au 4; occupied by Germans, 20 Au 4; air-raids on, 20 D 4, 24 D 4, 9 Au 6, 11 Au 6; reoccupied by Belgians, 18 N 8; King Albert re-enters it, 22 N 8 Bucharest capt. by Germans, 6 D 6 ——, the Peace of, signed, 7 My 8 Buczacz captured by Russians, 8 Je 6 Bug, the Germans cross the, 19 Jl 5 —— and Vistula, a German offensive between the, 30 Je 5 Bukoba occupied by British, 23 Je 5 Bukovina: fighting on the frontier of, 27 D 5; the Russians invade, 5 Ja 6; an offensive in, 4-24 Je 6 Bulgaria: invades Serbia, 11 O 5; declares war on Serbia, 14 O 5; declares war on Roumania, 1 S 6; is invaded by British, 25 S 8; proposes an Armistice, 25 S 8; signs an Armistice with the Entente Powers, 29 S 8; King Ferdinand abdicates, 4 O 8; Peace signed, 27 N 9 Bullecourt captured by British, 12-17 My 7; fighting near, 15 Je 7, 12 D 7 Bulwark, H.M.S., destroyed, 26 N 4 Buola, the Pass of, battle for, 30 My 6 Bushire occupied by British, 8 Au 5 Buzeu evacuated by Roumanians, 14 D 6 Byng, Sir J., attacks at Cambrai, 20 N 7 Cabinets, British, 4 Au 4, 26 My 5, 10 D 6, 16 Jl 7; appoints a War Committee, 11 N 5 Cadorna, Gen., superseded, 9 N 7 Calais, air-raid on, 28 Mh 5; bombarded, 20 Ap 7; Zeppelin raids on, 21 F 5, 18 Mh 5, 16 My 5 Caledonia sunk, 4 D 6 Calgarian, H.M.S., sunk, 1 Mh 8 California sunk, 7 F 7 Cambrai, the British advance on, 20 Mh 7, 30 Mh 7; the Battle of, 20 N-7 D 7; the Germans counterattack at, 30 N 7; an inquiry announced on, 15 Ja 8; captured by the British, 9 O 8 Cambrai and the Hindenburg Line, the Battle of, 27 S-5 O 8 Cameronia sunk, 15 Ap 7 Cameronian sunk, 2 Je 7 Cameroons, the: the French and British invade, 25 Au 4; Duala surrenders to the Allies, 27 S 4; Jabussi occupied, 14 O 4; Edea occupied, 26 O 4; Bare occupied, 10 D 4; the Germans attack Edea, 7 Ja 5; Eseka captured, 11 My 5; Garua surrenders, 10 Je 5; Lome captured, 25 Je 5; Ngaundere occupied, 29 Je 5; Wum Biagas captured, 9 O 5; Sende occupied, 25 O 5; the Germans are driven from Eseka, 30 O 5; Tibati occupied, 3 N 5; a British success at Bango Mountain, 6 N 5; Mangeles captured, 21 D 5; Jaunde occupied, 1 Ja 6; last German post in Mora Mountains surrenders, 19 F 6 Canada passes a Conscription Bill, 6 Jl 7 Candytuft, H.M.S., sunk, 18 N 7 Cantigny captured by Americans, 28 My 8 Cape Helles, the Battle of, 25-26 Ap 5 Capelle, Adm. von, succeeds von Tirpitz, 16 Mh 6 Caporetto, the Battle of, 24 O-18 N 7 Cap Trafalgar sunk, 14 S 4 Carmania, H.M.S., sinks the Cap Trafalgar, 14 S 4 Carpathia sunk, 17 Jl 8 Carson, Sir E., resigns from the Cabinet, 18 O 5; becomes First Lord of the Admiralty, 10 D 6; enters the War Cabinet, 17 Jl 7; resigns, 21 Ja 8 Casement, Sir R., captured, 21 Ap 6; his trial begins, 26 Je 6; is sentenced, 29 Je 6; is executed, 3 Au 6 Cassini sunk, 28 F 7 Cattaro bombarded, 24 Au 4; a sea fight off, 29 D 5; an air-raid on, 1 Jl 8 Caurières Wood, fighting at, 4 Mh 7, 9 Mh 7 Cavell, Miss E., executed, 12 O 5 Cecil, Lord R., becomes Minister of Blockade, 10 D 6 Cettinje occupied by Austrians, 13 Ja 6 Chalons reocc. by the French, 11 S 4 Chamberlain, Mr. A., becomes Secretary for India, 26 My 5; resigns, 12 Jl 7 Champagne, the Battle of, 25 S-8 O 5 Champagne, H.M.S., sunk, 9 O 7 Charleroi, the Battle of, 21-23 Au 4 Chateaurenault sunk, 14 D 7 Château-Thierry, the Germans reach, 31 My 8; the Americans attack at, 25 Je 8; recaptured by French, 21 Jl 8 Chaulnes occupied by British, 17 Mh 7; captured by Germans, 26 Mh 8; retaken by French, 28 Au 8 Chaume Wood, a German attack at, 12 Ja 8 Cheerful, H.M.S., sunk, 30 Je 7 Chemin-des-Dames, fighting on the, 16-28 Ap 7; the French carry the, 5 My 7; fighting on the, 14 Jl 7, 22 Jl 7, 31 Au 7; the Germans abandon the, 2 N 7; the Germans retake it, 27 My 8; evacuate it, 11 O 8 Chernavoda captured by Germans and Bulgars, 24 O 6 Chilwell, explosion at, 5 O 7 China severs relations with Germany, 13 Mh 7; declares war on the Central Powers, 14 Au 7 Chivata occupied by British, 15 N 7 Cholm occupied by Austro-Germans, 31 Jl 5 Chuignes capt. by British, 23 Au 8 Chunuk Bair captured by New Zealanders, 8 Au 5; retaken by Turks, 10 Au 5 Churchill, Mr. W., resigns from the Cabinet, 11 N 5; succeeded by Mr. Balfour, as First Lord of the Admiralty, 26 My 5; appointed Minister of Munitions, 17 Jl 7 Ciezkowice captured by Austro-Germans, 2 My 5 Cismon occupied by Austrians, 15 N 7 City of Athens sunk, 11 Au 7 Cividale captured by Germans, 27 O 7 Clan MacTavish sunk, 17 Ja 6 Clemenceau, M., becomes Premier, 16 N 7; visits England, 2 D 8 Clynes, Mr., succeeds Lord Rhondda as Food Controller, 9 Jl 8 Coalition Ministry formed, 25 My 5 Coblenz, air-raid on, 22 S 7 Colchester captured by Germans, 21 S 6 Col del Rosso captured by Italians, 23 D 7, 28 Ja 8, 30 Je 8 Col di Lana captured by Italians, 17 Ap 6 Colmar, air-raid on, 16 S 7 Cologne, air-raids on, 8 O 4, 24 Mh 8, 18 My 8, 21 Au 8; British troops enter, 6 D 8 Combles captured by British and French, 26 S 6 Comet, H.M.S., sunk, 6 Au 8 Compulsory Service: see Conscription Conference: see Peace Conference —— at Paris, an Allied, 27 Mh 6, 29 N 7 —— at Versailles, 28 O 8 Conscription announced in Great Britain, 28 D 5; Bill introduced, 5 Ja 6; comes into operation, 10 F 6; for married men, 25 My 6; renounced for Ireland, 21 Je 8 Constantine, King, abdicates, 11 Je 7 Constantinople, air-raids on, 14 Ap 6, 9 Jl 7; the Allied fleets reach, 13 N 8 Constanza captured by Germans, 22 O 6; bombarded by Russians, 2 N 6 Contalmaison, fighting at, 3-10 Jl 6 Contest, H.M.S., sunk, 18 S 7 Coquette, H.M.S., sunk, 7 Mh 6 Corfu, a French force lands at, 11 Ja 6; the first Serbian troops land, 15 Ja 6; landing of the Serbian Army completed, 10 F 6 Corn, minimum price for, guaranteed by England, 23 F 7 Cornwallis, H.M.S., sunk, 11 Ja 7 Coronel, the Battle of, 1 N 4 Corrington sunk, 1 Jl 8 Costa Rica declares war on the Central Powers, 23 My 8 Cotton declared contraband, 21 Au 5 'Council of Four' formed, 25 Mh 9 Council, a supreme War, announced by Mr. L. George, 14 N 7 Courcelette captured by British, 15 S 6; again, 24 Au 8 Courcelles captured by British, 21 Au 8 Courland coast bombarded, 25 Mh 5 Cowslip, H.M.S., sunk, 25 Ap 8 Cracow attacked by Russians, 7 D 4 Craiova captured by Germans, 21 N 6 Craonne, fighting at, 16 Ap 7, 3 Jl 7, 16 Au 7; captured by French, 4 My 7 Cressy, H.M.S., sunk, 22 S 4 Cromer, air-raid on, 19 Ja 5 Cromie, Captain, killed, 29 Au 8 Cross, the Military, instituted, 1 Ja 5 Crozat Canal crossed by French, 21-22 Mh 7, 9 S 8 Ctesiphon, the British advance on, 12 N 5; the Battle of, 22-24 N 5; the British retreat from, 25 N 5 Cuba declares war on Germany, 7 Ap 7 Cumières stormed by Germans, 24 My 6 Cuxhaven, German warships off, bombed, 25 D 4 Cymric sunk, 8 My 6 Cyprus annexed by Great Britain, 5 N 4 Czar: see Tsar Czecho-Slovaks declared Allies, 13 Au 8 Czecho-Slovak State proclaimed, 30 O 8 Czernin, Count, resigns, 15 Ap 8 Czernowitz captured by Russians, 15 S 4; retaken by Austrians, 22 O 4; by Russians, 27 O 4; by Austrians, 17 F 5; the Russians approach, 2 Ja 6; a Russian victory at, 10 Je 6; they retake it, 17 Je 6; the Austrians retake it, 3 Au 7 Dago Island captured by Germans, 19 O 7 Damascus captured by British, 30 S 8 Danton sunk, 19 Mh 7 Dardanelles, the (for Military exploits, see Gallipoli): the forts bombarded, 3 N 4; a naval attack on, 19-23 F 5; the Queen Elizabeth attacks, 25 F 5; the entrance swept, 26 F 5; bombardment resumed, 4 Mh 5; a further attack on, 6 Mh 5; Lemnos occupied, 7 Mh 5; a raid by the Amethyst, 15 Mh 5; the Battle of the Narrows, the Bouvet, Irresistible, and Ocean sunk, 18 Mh 5; the E14 enters the Sea of Marmora, 27 Ap 5; the E14 sinks a Turkish transport, 29 Ap 5; the Goliath sunk, 13 My 5; the Triumph sunk, 25 My 5; the Majestic sunk, 27 My 5; the Kheyr-ed-Din Barbarossa sunk, 9 Au 5; the Royal Edward sunk, 14 Au 5; the Sutherland, sunk, 2 S 5; the Ramazan sunk, 19 S 5; the Marquette sunk, 26 O 5; the Hythe sunk, 29 O 5; the E20 lost, 6 N 5; the Allies' fleets pass through, 12 N 8; the forts occupied by the British, 12 N 8 Dar-es-Salaam shelled by British cruisers, 13 Au 4; again, 2 Ja 5; surrenders, 4 S 6 Darfur, the Sultan of, defeated, 22-23 My 6 Declaration of London abandoned, 28 Je 6 Dedeagatch bombarded, 21 O 5, 18 Ja 6 De la Rey shot, 15 S 4 Delcassé, M., resigns, 13 O 5 Deli Abbas occupied by British, 31 Mh 7; action near, 3 D 7 Deltawa, Turks defeated at, 11 Ap 7 Delville Wood, fighting in, 15-27 Jl 6; capt. by British, 27 Au 8 Deraa captured by Arabs, 27 S 8 Derby, Lord, appointed Director of Recruiting, 5 O 5; issues his Report, 4 Ja 6; becomes Secretary for War, 10 D 6; resigns, 18 Ap 8 Derby Groups, recruiting for, closed, 12 D 5; the first called up, 20 D 5; recruiting for opens, 6 Ja 6 Derwent, H.M.S., sunk, 2 My 7 Deutschland reaches the U.S., 9 Jl 6; regains Germany, 23 Au 6 Devonport, Lord, appointed Food Controller, 10 D 6; resigns, 1 Je 7; succ. by Lord Rhondda, 15 Je 7 De Wet: see under South Africa Diakhova occupied by Bulgarians,9 D 5 Dialah River, a Turkish stand on the, 7 Mh 7; the British cross, 9 Mh 7 Diaz, Gen., becomes Generalissimo, 9 N 7 Dibra occupied by Bulgarians, 9 D 5 Dixmude captured by Germans, 10 N 4; reoccupied by Belgians, 29 S 8 Djemnah sunk, 14 Jl 8 Dobrudja, the: is invaded by Germans and Bulgarians, 3 S 6; the Bulgarians capture Tutrakan, 6 S 6; they are checked, 1 O 6; the Roumanians counter-attack, 3 O 6; they fall back, 5 O 6; the Austro-Germans capture Brasso, 7 O 6; they attack again, 19 O 6; capture Tuzla, 21 O 6; Constanza, 22 O 6; Chernavoda, 24 O 6; the Russians and Roumanians advance, 7 N 6; the Germans advance, 8 N 6; are victorious, 18 N 6; capture Craiova, 21 N 6; Giurgevo, 27 N 6; are victorious in the Arges Valley, 3 D 6; capture Bucharest and Ploesti, 6 D 6; the Roumanians evacuate Buzeu, 14 D 6; the Russians are victorious at Botogu, 18 D 6; the Germans take Rimnic-Sarat, 26-28 D 6; Braila, 5 Ja 7; Focsani, 8 Ja 7; the Dobrudja is finally evacuated by the Russians and Roumanians, 8 Ja 7 Dodoma occupied by British, 30 Jl 6 Dogger Bank, Battle of the, 24 Ja 5; mine-sweepers attacked off the, 10 F 6 Doiran captured by Bulgarians, 12 D 5; fighting near, 6-11 D 5, 12 Mh 7, 25 Ap 7, 9 My 7 Don, air-raid on, 20 F 6 Donegal sunk, 17 Ap 7 Dormans, the Germans reach, 31 My 8 Dorna Watra Pass, fighting at the, 28 F 7 Douai reoccupied by the Allies, 17 O 8 Douaumont Fort stormed by the Germans, 25 F 6; they capture the village, 2 Mh 6; the French retake it, 3 Mh 6; the Germans retake it, 4 Mh 6; the Germans repulsed at, 4 Ap 6; the French attack at, 16 Ap 6; and recapture the village, 24 O 6 Dover, air-raids on, 12 Au 6, 22 Au 7, 2 S 7; bombarded, 15 F 8; a naval raid on, 15 F 8; a naval action off, 20 Ap 7 Dover Castle sunk, 26 My 7 Drake, H.M.S., lost, 2 O 7 Dresden escapes at the Battle of the Falkland Islands, 8 D 4; is sunk, 14 Mh 5 Drina, Battle of the, 15 S 4 Drocourt-Quéant line breached, 2 S 8 Duala surrenders to the Allies, 27 S 4 Dublin, riots in, 24-26 Ap 6 Dubno retaken by Russians, 23 S 5 Duke of Albany, H.M.S., sunk, 25 Au 6 Dukhonin, Gen., murdered, 3 D 7 Dukla Pass captured by Austrians, 12 D 4; retaken by Russians, 20 D 4 Dundee, H.M.S., sunk, 3 S 7 Dunkirk, air-raid on, 30 D 4; marines landed at, 19 S 4; bombarded from the sea, 25 Mh 7 Durazzo occupied by Italians, 20 D 5; retaken by Austrians, 27 F 6; a naval attack on, 2 O 8; the Italians reoccupy it, 14 O 8 Dvina line attacked by Germans, 28 Au 5 Dvinsk, a German attack on, fails, 24 S 5; the Battle of, 3-10 O 5; the Russians attack near, 12-14 O 5; again, 31 O-3 N 5; fighting near, 20-22 Mh 6 Düsseldorf, air-raids on, 22 S 4, 8 O 4, 9 O 4 East Africa: Dar-es-Salaam shelled by British cruisers, 13 Au 4; Taveta is occupied by the Germans, 15 Au 4; the British Expeditionary Force arrives, 1 S 4; the British attack Tanga, 3 N 4; are repulsed, 5 N 4; attack Longido, 4 N 4; occupy Jassin, 2 Ja 5; Mafia Island surrenders, 12 Ja 5; the Germans retake Jassin, 19 Ja 5; but are defeated on the Mora River, 9 Mh 5; the British capture Bukoba, 23 Je 5; they advance on Kilimanjaro, 7 Mh 6; are successful near Taveta and Kilimanjaro, 11 Mh 6; occupy Moshi, 12 Mh 6; they secure the N. half of the Colony, 22 Ap 6; a Belgian force invades Ruanda, 30 My 6; the British occupy Neu Langenburg, 29 My 6; Momba, 10 Je 6; Wilhelmsthal, 14 Je 6; Tanga, 7 Jl 6; Mwanza, 12 Jl 6; fighting at Malangali, 24 Jl 6; the British occupy Dodoma, 30 Jl 6; the Belgians capture Ujiji, 3 Au 6; the British occupy Mpwapwa, 11 Au 6; Kilossa, 22 Au 6; Mrogoro, 26 Au 6; Neu Iringa, 29 Au 6; Dar-es-Salaam surrenders, 4 S 6; the Germans defeated at Lupembe, 30 O 6; a British victory near Kibata, 15 D 6; in the Mageta Valley, 1 Ja 7; on the Tshogowali River, 4 Ja 7; the British reach Kilambawe, 5 Ja 7; surround a German force, 24 Ja 7; General Hoskins succeeds General Smuts, 28 Ja 7; German forces driven from Nyasaland, 30 Je 7; defeated at Norongombe, 19 Jl 7; a detachment surrenders at Kakera, 2 S 7; the British advance from Kilwa, 21 S 7; a German force surrenders, 1 O 7; a Belgian column occupies Mahenge, 9 O 7; British troops occupy Chivata, 15 N 7; a German force surrenders near Nevale, 27 N 7; the last German forces driven into Portuguese territory, 1 D 7; British forces disembarked at Fort Amelia, 12 Ja 8; a British success near Manunga, 5 My 8; the British occupy Malema, 13 Je 8; von Lettow's forces surrender, 14 N 8 Eaucourt l'Abbaye, captured by British, 1 O 6 Ebert, Herr, becomes Chancellor, 9 N 8; elected first President, 11 F 9 E-boats: see Submarines Economic Conference meets in Paris, 14 Je 6 Ecuador severs relations with Germany, 8 D 7 Edea occupied by Allies, 26 O 4; attacked by Germans, 7 Ja 5 Eden, H.M.S., sunk, 16 Je 6 Egypt: the Khedive deposed, 18 D 4; the Turks attack the Suez Canal, 2-4 F 5; a second attack on the Canal, 22-23 Mh 5; a third attack, 28 Ap 5; the Senussi Arabs repulsed near Mersa Matruh, 13 D 5; routed, 25 D 5; again, 23 Ja 6; they are defeated at Agagia, 26 F 6; the British occupy Sollum, 14 Mh 6; a motor force rescues prisoners, 17 Mh 6; the Turks again attack the Suez Canal, 4-5 Au 6; the Senussi defeated near Siwa, 5 F 7 —— Sultan of: see Hussein Kamel Eichhorn, F. M. von, establishes a dictatorship in the Ukraine, 1 My 8 El Arish, a raid on, 18 My 6; captured by British, 21 D 6 Elbasan captured by Bulgarians, 17 D 5; by Italians, 7 O 8 El Fasher captured by British, 23 My 6 Emden appears off Bengal, 10 S 4; shells Madras, 22 S 4; sinks the Jemchug and Mousquet, 28 O 4; is destroyed, 9 N 4 England: see Great Britain Epéhy, the Battle of, 12-18 S 8 Ervillers captured by British, 23 Au 8 Erzberger, Herr, his 'Peace' speech, 6 Jl 7 Erzerum, the Russians advance on, 11 Ja 6; fighting near, 16-17 Ja 6; the Russian attack begins, 10 F 6; they capture it, 16 F 6; reoccupied by Turks, 11 Mh 8 Eseka captured by Allies, 30 O 5 Es Salt captured by British, 25 Mh 8; they evacuate it, 1 Ap 8; take it again, 30 Ap 8 Es Sinn, the British defeated at, 8 Mh 6; they retire from, 9 Mh 6 Esthonia invaded by Germans, 21 O 7; they evacuate it, 27 O 7 Etaples, an air-raid on, 19 My 8 Expeditionary Force, the British, lands in France, 9 Au 4; embarkation completed, 16 Au 4; base established at Nantes, 30 Au 4; G.H.Q. moves from St. Omer to Montreuil, 31 Mh 6 Fairy, H.M.S., sunk, 31 My 8 Falaba sunk, 28 Mh 5 Falkenhayn, Gen., superseded, 29 Au 6 Falkland Islands, Battle of the, 8 D 4 Falmouth, Dutch ships sunk off, 22 F 7 Falmouth, H.M.S., sunk, 19 Au 6 Fano raided by an Austrian squadron, 18 Je 5 Fao captured by British, 6 N 4 Farsan Island occupied by Arabs, 31 Ja 5 Fauvette, H.M.S., sunk, 9 Mh 6 Felixstowe, an air-raid on, 22 Jl 7 Faversham munition factory, explosion at, 2 Ap 6 Feluja captured by British, 19 Mh 7 Ferdinand, K. of Bulgaria, abdicates, 4 O 8 Fère-en-Tardenois, the Germans reach, 30 My 8; the Allies recapture, 28 Jl 8 Festubert, Indians attacked at, 23 N 4; the Battle of, 16-25 My 5 Finland signs peace with Germany, 7 Mh 8; Germany occupies the Aland Islands, 5 Mh 8; and Abo, 12 Mh 8 Firefly, H.M.S., recaptured at Kut, 27 F 7 Fisher, Lord, appointed First Sea Lord, 29 O 4; succeeded by Sir H. Jackson, 28 My 5 Fismes captured by Americans, 4 Au 8 Fismettes captured by Americans, 9 Au 8 Flers captured by British, 15 S 6 Fleury stormed by Germans, 24 Je 6; a French success at, 25 Je 6 Flirt, H.M.S., sunk, 27 O 6 Florina captured by Bulgarians, 20 Au 6; retaken by Allies, 18 S 6 Foch, Marshal, becomes Chief of Staff, 15 My 7; assumes control of allied armies, 26 Mh 8; created a Marshal, 6 Au 8; visits London, 2 D 8 Focsani captured by Austro-Germans, 8 Ja 7; fighting near, 6-9 Au 7 Folkestone, an air-raid on, 25 My 7 Fontaine Notre Dame, fighting at, 21-22 N 7, 27 N 7 Formidable, H.M.S., sunk, 1 Ja 5 Fournet, Adm. du, succeeded by Adm. Gauchet, 12 D 6 Foyle, H.M.S., sunk, 15 Mh 7 France: is invaded by Germany, 2 Au 4; declares war on Austria, 10 Au 4; moves Govt. to Bordeaux, 3 S 4; M. Delcassé resigns, 13 O 5; declares war on Bulgaria, 16 O 5; M. Briand becomes Premier, 28 O 5; resigns, 17 Mh 7; M. Ribot becomes Premier, 19 Mh 7; the Govt. addresses a Protest to Neutrals against German barbarities, 25 Mh 7; refuses to allow Socialists to attend Stockholm Conference, 1 Je 7; M. Painlevé succeeds M. Ribot, 12 S 7; is defeated, 13 N 7; M. Clemenceau becomes Premier, 16 N 7 Franchet d'Esperey, Gen., assumes command at Salonika, 27 Je 8 Franconia sunk, 4 O 6 Frankenau, the Battle of, 23 Au 4 Frankfurt, air-raids on, 10 Au 7, 22 S 7, 21 Au 8 Freiburg, an air-raid on, 14 Ap 7 French, Lord, commands B.E.F., 16 Au 4; meets General Joffre, 29 Au 4; resigns, 15 D 5; apptd. Lord.-Lieut. of Ireland, 5 My 8 Fresnoy captured by Canadians, 3 My 7; retaken by Germans, 8 My 7; captured by British, 6 O 8 Friedrichshafen, air-raids on, 21 N 4, 28 Ap 5 Friedrichstadt, a battle at, 3 S 5 Fromelles, a British attack at, 9 My 5 Fryatt, Capt. C., taken prisoner, 23 Je 6; is executed, 27 Jl 6 Funchal bombarded, 3 D 6, 11 D 7 Fundeni captured by Germans, 20 Ja 7 G.H.Q. moved to Montreuil, 31 Mh 6 Gaba Tepe, attack on, 4 My 5 Gaillardia, H.M.S., sunk, 22 Mh 8 Galatz evacuated by Russians, 11 Ja 7 Gallia sunk, 4 O 6 Gallipoli (for Naval exploits, see Dardanelles): the Allies land in (battle of Cape Helles), 25-26 Ap 5; positions consolidated, 27 Ap 5; 1st battle for Krithia, 28 Ap 5; the Turks attack, 1 My 5; the British counter-attack, 2 My 5; a British attack at Gaba Tepe, 4 My 5; 2nd battle for Krithia, 6-8 My 5; Sari Bair stormed by Australians, 9 My 5; a Turkish attack, 18 My 5; 3rd battle for Krithia and Achi Baba, 4 Je 5; a Turkish attack, 18 Je 5; an Allied attack, 21 Je 5; a British attack, 27 Je 5; a Turkish offensive, 29 Je-1 Jl 5; a Turkish attack, 4 Jl 5; Battle of Sari Bair, 6-11 Au 5; the British land at Suvla Bay, 6 Au 5; Battle of Suvla, 6-15 Au 5; Chunuk Bair captured by New Zealanders, 8 Au 5; Chunuk Bair retaken by Turks, 10 Au 5; 2nd British attack at Suvla, 21 Au 5; Sir Ian Hamilton recalled, 16 O 5; Sir C. Monro assumes command, 28 O 5; a Turkish attack at Anzac, 4 N 5; attack by the 52nd Division, 15 N 5; the evacuation of Suvla and Anzac begins, 8 D 5; is completed, 20 D 5; the evacuation of Gallipoli is completed, 8 Ja 6; the British occupy the Dardanelles forts, 12 N 8 Galway Castle sunk, 12 S 8 Garua surrenders, 10 Je 5 Garub occupied by Union troops, 22 F 5 Gaub, a battle at, 4 Jl 5 Gauchet, Adm., succeeds Adm. du Fournet, 12 D 6 Gaulois sunk, 27 D 6 Gas, poison, first used by Germans, 22 Ap 5; a second attack, 24 Ap 5; a third attack, 2 My 5 Gavrelle, fighting at, 23 Ap 7, 26 Ap 7 Gaza, the 1st Battle of, 27 Mh 7; the 2nd Battle of, 17 Ap 7; fighting at, 14 Jl 7 Gazelle sunk, 25 Ja 5 Geddes, Sir E., apptd. Controller at the Admiralty, 14 My 7; First Lord, 17 Jl 7 Genista sunk, 23 O 6 George, Mr. Ll., apptd. Minister of Munitions, 26 My 5; Secretary for War, 6 Jl 6; proposes reforms to Mr. Asquith, 1 D 6; becomes Premier, 7 D 6 Germany: sends ultimatums to France and Russia, 31 Jl 4; declares war on Russia, 1 Au 4; invades France, Poland, and Luxemburg, 2 Au 4; declares war on France, 3 Au 4; invades Belgium, 3 Au 4; invades Russia, 12-18 F 5; declares a submarine blockade, 18 F 5; institutes reprisals for Great Britain's treatment of submarine prisoners, 12 Ap 5; first uses poison gas, 22 Ap 5; first uses liquid fire, 30 Jl 5; declares right to sink merchant ships without warning, 27 Au 5; declares war on Portugal, 10 Mh 6; agrees with U.S.A. not to sink without warning, 4 My 6; declares war on Roumania, 28 Au 6; invades Roumania, 13 O 6; makes Peace Proposals, 12 D 6; which are received by British Foreign Office, 18 D 6; replies to Mr. Wilson's Peace Note, 25 D 6; the Allies reply to her Peace Proposals, 30 D 6; Germany replies, 12 Ja 7; announces unrestricted naval warfare, 31 Ja 7; her intention to sink hospital ships made public, 31 Ja 7; attempts to reopen negotiations with the U.S.A., 11 F 7; meets with a refusal, 12 F 7; proposes an Armistice with Russia, 8 Je 7; her order to 'sink without trace' disclosed, 8 S 7; discloses a mutiny in her Navy, 9 O 7; captures islands in the Gulf of Riga, 12-20 O 7; invades Esthonia, 21 O 7; announces that she will treat with Bolshevists, 29 N 7; signs an Armistice at Brest-Litovsk, 15 D 7; it terminates and she invades Russia, 18 F 8; outlines her Peace Terms with Russia, 21 F 8; they are accepted, 24 F 8; she occupies Reval and Pskoff, 25 F 8; signs Peace at Brest-Litovsk, 2 Mh 8; occupies Kieff, 3 Mh 8; the Aland Islands, 5 Mh 8; Odessa, 13 Mh 8; Nikolaieff, 17 Mh 8; offers Peace Terms to Belgium, 15 S 8; sends a Note to Mr. Wilson, 4 O 8; revolution breaks out, 4 N 8; sends delegates to Foch, 6 N 8; the Kaiser abdicates, 9 N 8; she signs an Armistice with the Entente Powers, 11 N 8; hands over her Navy, 21 N 8; Ebert elected first President, 11 F 9; Scheidemann becomes Premier, 12 F 9; receives the Peace Terms, 7 My 9; the Scheidemann Govt. resigns, 20 Je 9; scuttles her Fleet, 21 Je 9; Bauer becomes Premier, 21 Je 9; National Assembly decides for signature of Peace Treaty, 21 Je 9; signs it, 28 Je 9 Ghent, the 7th Division attacked at, 11 O 4; occupied by Germans, 13 O 4; reoccupied by Belgians, 11 N 8 Ghevgeli captured by Bulgarians, 12 D 5; by Allies, 22 S 8 Ghurka, H.M.S., sunk, 8 F 7 Gibeon, a battle at, 28 Ap 5 Ginchy captured by British, 3-9 S 6 Giurgevo captured by Germans, 27 N 6 Giuseppe Garibaldi sunk, 18 Jl 5 Givenchy, an attack by Indians at, 19-22 D 4 Glasgow, H.M.S., sinks the Dresden, 14 Mh 5 Glenart Castle sunk, 26 F 8 Glencorse Wood, fighting in, 10 Au 7; captured by British, 20 S 7 Glengyle sunk, 2 Ja 6 Gloucester, H.M.S., attacks the Goeben and Breslau, 7 Au 4 Gloucester Castle sunk, 30 Mh 7 Goeben escapes from Messina, 6 Au 4; is attacked by H.M.S. Gloucester, 7 Au 4; reaches the Dardanelles, 10 Au 4; is attacked by a Russian squadron, 18 N 4; is driven from Batoum, 11 D 4; is bombed by aircraft, 9 Jl 7; makes a sortie and runs aground in the Dardanelles, 20 Ja 8; is refloated and towed to Constantinople, 27 Ja 8 Goldap occupied by Russians, 10 N 4 Goliath, H.M.S., sunk, 13 My 5 Golitzine, M., becomes Premier, 9 Ja 7 Gommecourt occupied by British, 27 F 7 Gommiécourt captured by British, 23 Au 8 Gonnelieu captured by British, 20 Ap 7; by Germans, 30 N 7; by British, 1 D 7 Good Hope, H.M.S., sunk, 1 N 4 Gorizia, the Italians advance on, 2 Jl 5; are repulsed, 7 Jl 5; the Battle of, 5-14 Au 6; captured by Italians, 8 Au 6; retaken by Austrians, 28 O 7 Gouzeaucourt, fighting at, 9-12 S 8 Governments, British: see Cabinets, British Grado captured by Italians, 27 My 5 Graincourt captured by British, 27 S 8 Grand Sherif of Mecca (i.e. King of the Hedjaz) revolts against the Turks, 9 Je 6; captures Jeddah, 16 Je 6; Taif, 23 Jl 6 Grandcourt, fighting at, 6-8 F 7 Great Britain: declares war on Germany, 4 Au 4; on Austria, 12 Au 4; on Turkey, 5 N 4; on Bulgaria, 15 O 5; announces reprisals for submarine piracy, 8 Mh 5; rescinds them, 12 Je 5; a new Govt. formed, 26 My 5; appoints a War Committee, 11 N 5; recruiting for 'Derby' Groups closes, 12 D 5; Compulsory Service announced, 28 D 5; Military Service Bill introduced, 5 Ja 6; a new Govt. formed, 10 D 6; receives German Peace Proposals, 18 D 6; replies to them, 30 D 6; enforces sale of foreign securities, 26 Ja 7; guarantees minimum price for corn, 23 F 7; exhorts food economy, 2 My 7; abolishes enemy titles, 19 Je 7; changes ministers, 17 Jl 7; closes cable communication with Holland, 11 O 7; announces formation of Air Ministry, 16 O 7; orders two meatless days a week, 23 Ja 8; adopts compulsory rationing, 25 F 8; renounces Home Rule and Conscription for Ireland, 21 Je 8 Greece:—M. Zaimis becomes Premier, 5 O 5; refuses Serbia's appeal for help, 12 O 5; M. Zaimis resigns, 4 N 5; M. Skouloudis becomes Premier, 6 N 5; a Note presented by the Allies, 21 Je 6; M. Skouloudis resigns, 22 Je 6; an Allied naval demonstration at Athens, 1 S 6; M. Zaimis resigns, 11 S 6; 4th Army Corps surrenders to Germans, 12 S 6; M. Kalogeropoulos becomes Premier, 16 S 6; M. Venizelos goes to Crete, 25 S 6; proclaims a Provisional Government at Crete, 29 S 6; the Cabinet resigns, 3 O 6; Prof. Lambros becomes Premier, 9 O 6; the Govt. yields to the Allies' Ultimatum, 10 O 6; the Allies take possession of the Greek fleet, 11 O 6; they land troops at Athens, 17 O 6; demand surrender of batteries, 26 N 6; Greece rejects the demands, 1 D 6; Royalist party gains control, 6 D 6; a blockade proclaimed by the Allies, 8 D 6; they demand demobilisation of Greek troops, 11 D 6; and present an Ultimatum, 14 D 6; the Govt. accepts, 15 D 6; the Allies present another Ultimatum, 8 Ja 7; the Govt. accepts, 16 Ja 7; apologises, 25 Ja 7; a new Govt. formed, 3 My 7; King Constantine abdicates, 11 Je 7; M. Venizelos becomes Premier, 26 Je 7 Greif sunk, 29 F 6 Grévillers captured by British, 13 Mh 7 Grierson, Sir J., commands 2nd Corps, 16 Au 4; dies, 17 Au 4 Grodek, the Battle of, 6-13 S 4 Grodno stormed by Germans, 1-4 S 5 'Group' system applied, 22 O 5 Guatemala severs relations with Germany, 27 Ap 7; declares war on Germany, 23 Ap 8 Gueudecourt captured by British, 26 S 6 Guildford Castle torpedoed, 10 Mh 8 Guillaumet, Gen., succeeds Gen. Sarrail, 15 D 7; is succeeded by Gen. d'Esperey, 27 Je 8 Guillemont captured by British, 3 S 6 Gumbinnen, the Battle of, 20 Au 4 Gyimes Pass captured by Germans, 16 O 6 Hafiz Kor, a British success at, 5 S 5 Hague, The, Conferences at, concerning prisoners, 25 Je 7, 8 Je 8 Haifa captured by British, 23 S 8 Haig, Sir D. (Lord Haig), commands the 1st Corps, 16 Au 4; succeeds Sir J. French, 15 D 5; gazetted a Field-Marshal, 1 Ja 7 Halicz captured by Russians, 27 Au 4; occupied by Austro-Germans, 27 Je 5; a battle near, 5 S 6; the Russians advance on, 6 S 6; again, 9 Jl 7; they capture it, 10 Jl 7; the Germans occupy it, 23 Jl 7 Ham captured by Germans, 24 Mh 8; by the French, 6 S 8 Hamadan occupied by Russians, 11 D 5, 2 Mh 7 Hamburg seized by revolutionaries, 7 N 8 Hamel captured by American and Australian troops, 4 Jl 8 Hamelincourt captured by British, 23 Au 8 Hamilton, Sir I., arrives at Tenedos, 17 Mh 5; recalled, 16 O 5 Hampshire, H.M.S., sunk, 5 Je 6 Hartlepool bombarded, 16 D 4 Hartmannsweilerkopf captured by Germans, 21 Ja 5; a French attack on, 25 Mh 5; captured by French, 27 Mh 5; recaptured by Germans, 25 Ap 5; by French, 28 Ap 5; again, 16 O 5 Harwich, air-raids on, 4 Jl 7, 22 Jl 7; a naval action off, 10 My 7 Hasuur seized by Union troops, 1 Ap 5 Haudromont quarries carried by the French, 21 My 6 Haumont Wood captured by Germans, 22 F 6 Havrincourt, the Battle of, 12-18 S 8 Hawke, H.M.S., sunk, 15 O 4 Hedjaz, King of the: see Grand Sherif —— railway, a part seized by Arabs, 24 Ap 8 (see Palestine, Syria, Amman). Hela sunk, 13 S 4 Heligoland (ceded to Germany, 9 Au 1890), the Battle of the Bight of, 28 Au 4; naval actions in the Bight, 16 Au 7, 17 N 7, 28 Mh 8, 20 Ap 8 Hermanstadt occupied by Roumanians, 1 S 6 Hermes, H.M.S., sunk, 31 O 4 Herrmann sunk, 13 Je 6 Hertling, Count, becomes Premier, 1 N 7; resigns, 1 O 8 Hesperian sunk, 4 S 5 Highflyer, H.M.S., sinks the Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse, 26 Au 4 High Wood, fighting at, 31 Au 6, 15 S 6 Hilary, H.M.S., sunk, 25 My 7 Hill 60, fighting at, 17-21 Ap 5; captured by Germans, 5 My 5 Hill 265 captured by Germans, 7 Mh 6 —— 304, fighting at, 5-6 My 6, 17 My 6; retaken by French, 28 Mh 7; fighting at, 17 Jl 7 Hindenburg, Gen. von, apptd. to command in East Prussia, 22 Au 4; apptd. Chief of General Staff, 29 Au 6 Hindenburg Line, portions captured, 13 Ap 7, 3 My 7, 15 Je 7 Hintze, Adm. von, succeeds Von Kühlmann, 9 Jl 8 Hiramo Maru sunk, 4 O 8 Hit occupied by British, 9 Mh 8 Hoboken, air-raids on, 24 Mh 5, 1 Ap 5 Hogue, H.M.S., sunk, 22 S 4 Hohenzollern Redoubt, fighting at, 29 S 5, 3 O 5, 4 Mh 6, 18 Mh 6 Homs occupied by British, 15 O 8 Honduras severs relations with Germany, 17 My 7 Hooge, a German attack at, 2 Je 5, 6 Je 6; British successes at, 21 Jl 5, 9 Au 5; a liquid-fire attack at, 30 Jl 5 Hoskins, Gen., succeeds Gen. Smuts, 28 Ja 7; is succeeded by Gen. van Deventer, 16 My 7 Hospital Ships attacked: the Asturias 1 F 5; the Anglia sunk, 17 N 5; the Portugal sunk, 30 Mh 6; the Braemar Castle torpedoed, 24 N 6; the Britannic sunk, 21 N 6; the Asturias sunk, 21 Mh 7; the Gloucester Castle sunk, 30 Mh 7; the Donegal and Lanfranc sunk, 17 Ap 7; the Dover Castle, 26 My 7; the Rewa sunk, 4 Ja 8; the Glenart Castle sunk, 26 F 8; the Guildford Castle torpedoed, 10 Mh 8; the Koningin Regentes sunk, 6 Je 8; the Llandovery Castle sunk, 27 Je 8 Housatonic sunk, 3 F 7 Houthulst Forest, fighting in, 9 O 7, 12 O 7, 22 O 7 Hulluch, fighting at, 26 S 5 'Hunding' line broken by French, 19 O 8 Hungary (see Austria-Hungary): invaded by Russia, 28 S 4; proclaims a Republic, 31 O 8 Hussein Kamel, Khedive of Egypt, succeeds Abbas II., 18 D 4; dies, 9 O 7 Hythe sunk, 29 O 5 Immelman shot down, 18 Je 6 Imperatritsa Maria sunk, 20 O 6 India, H.M.S., sunk, 8 Au 5 Indian Corps reaches France, 19 O 4; is attacked at Festubert, 23 N 4; attacks at Givenchy, 19-22 D 4; leaves France, 28 D 5 Infantry Hill stormed by British, 14 Je 7; by Germans, 2 Au 7; by British, 3 Au 7 Intrepid, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ap 8 Inverness Copse captured by British, 20 S 7 Ipek captured by Austrians, 7 D 5; by the Allies, 14 O 8 Iphigenia, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ap 8 Ireland: a rebellion breaks out in, 20 Ap 6; riots in Dublin, 24-26 Ap 6; martial law proclaimed, 27 Ap 6; the rebellion crushed, 1 My 6; the Convention meets, 25 Jl 7; Sinn Fein leaders arrested, 17 My 8; Home Rule and Conscription renounced by Govt., 21 Je 8 (see also Casement) Irkutsk occupied by Czecho-Slovaks, 8 Jl 8; again, 17 Au 8 Irles captured by British, 10 Mh 7 Irresistible, H.M.S., sunk, 18 Mh 5 Ishtip captured by Serbians, 25 S 8 Isonzo, fighting on the, 2-29 Jl 5, 14 Au 6, 14 S 6; an Italian offensive on the, 14 My-10 Je 7; another, 19 Au 7 Ispahan captured by Russians, 19 Mh 6 Istabulat, a British victory at, 18 Ap 7; the Turks evacuate, 21 Ap 7 Italy: declares her neutrality, 3 Au 4; declares war on Austria, 23 My 5; invades Austria, 24 My 5; declares war on Turkey, 20 Au 5; on Bulgaria, 19 O 5; on Germany, 28 Au 6; Sig. Orlando becomes Premier, 28 O 7; French troops arrive, 3 N 7; British troops arrive, 4 N 7 Itchen, H.M.S., sunk, 6 Jl 7 Ivangorod invested by Germans, 22 Jl 5; captured by Austro-Germans, 5 Au 5 Ivanoff, Gen., superseded, 4 Ap 6 Ivernia sunk, 1 Ja 7 Jablonica occupied by Russians, 15 Au 6 —— Pass carried by Russians, 22 Au 6; fighting near, 2 S 6 Jabussi occupied by British, 14 O 4 Jackson, Sir H., apptd. First Sea Lord, 28 My 5; succeeded by Sir John Jellicoe, 29 N 6 Jacobeny, fighting at, 13 F 7 Jacobstadt occupied by Germans, 21-22 S 7 Jaffa, the British enter, 17 N 7 Japan: sends an Ultimatum to Germany, 15 Au 4; declares war on Germany, 23 Au 4; lands troops at Tsingtau, 2 S 4; occupies Marshall Islands, 7 O 4 Jardar, the Battle of the, 17-19 Au 4 Jaroslav captured by Russians, 23 S 4; the Battle of, 4 N 4; captured by Austro-Germans, 14 My 5 Jason, H.M.S., sunk, 7 Ap 7 Jassin occupied by British, 2 Ja 5; by Germans, 19 Ja 5 Jaunde captured by British, 1 Ja 6 Jeddah captured by Grand Sherif, 16 Je 6 Jellicoe, Sir J., assumes command of British Home Fleets, 4 Au 4; apptd. First Sea Lord, 29 N 6; succeeded by Sir R. Wemyss, 26 D 7 Jericho captured by British, 21 F 8 Jerusalem captured by British, 9 D 7; entered formally, 11 D 7 Jifjaffa, skirmish at, 13 Ap 6 Jisr-ed-Damieh, a British reverse at, 1 My 8 Joffre, Marshal, meets Sir J. French in 'the Retreat,' 29 Au 4; succeeded by Gen. Nivelle, 12 D 6; created a Marshal, 26 D 6 Jordan crossed by British, 22 Mh 8; fighting on the, 14 Jl 8 Justicia sunk, 20 Jl 8 Jutland, the Battle of, 31 My 6; a naval action off, 1 S 7 Kaiser, the: see Wilhelm II. of Germany Kaiser Wilhelm der Grosse sunk, 26 Au 4 Kakera, action at, 2 S 7 Kalat Shergat captured by British, 28 O 8 Kale, H.M.S., sunk, 27 Mh 8 Kaledin, Gen., commits suicide, 13 F 8 Kalim, Said, resigns, 5 F 7 Kalogeropoulos, M., becomes Premier, 16 S 6 Kalusz captured by Russians, 11 Jl 7 Kara Urgan, the Battle of, 8-13 Ja 5 Karibib occupied by Union forces, 5 My 5 Karl, Emperor of Austria, his letter concerning Alsace, 15 Ap 8 Karlsruhe, air-raids on, 15 Je 5, 25 Je 8 Kasr-i-Shirin occupied by Russians, 10 My 6 Katia, fighting at, 23 Ap 6 Katiyeh occupied by Turks, 29 Ja 5 Kattegat, naval actions in the, 2 N 7, 15 Ap 8 Kavala, the forts occupied by Bulgarians, 25 Au 6; bombarded by warships, 28 Au 6; surrender of the 4th Greek Army Corps at, 12 S 6 Kawachi lost, 12 Jl 8 Kemmel Hill, a German attack on, 17 Ap 8; captured by Germans, 25 Ap 8 Kemmern, the Battle of, 11 N 5 Kemp rebels, 22 O 4; surrenders, 3 F 5 (see under South Africa). Kent, H.M.S., sinks the Dresden, 14 Mh 5 Kerak captured by Arabs, 7 Ap 8 Kerenski, M., becomes War Minister, 16 My 7; Premier, 22 Jl 7; Commander-in-Chief, 11 S 7; is overthrown, 7 N 7; his arrest ordered, 10 N 7; occupies Tsarskoe Selo, 10 N 7; is defeated and flies, 13 N 7 Kerind occupied by Russians, 12 Mh 6; 17 Mh 7 Kerman occupied by British, 12 Je 6 Kermanshah captured by Russians, 27 F 6; again, 13 Mh 7 Khan Abu Rayat occupied by British, 20 F 8 —— Baghdadie, a British victory at, 26 Mh 8 Khanikin occupied by Russians, 1 Ap 7 Kheyr-ed-Din Barbarossa sunk, 9 Au 5 Kiao-Chau: see Tsingtau Kibata, a British success near, 15 D 6 Kieff occupied by Germans, 3 Mh 8 Kiel, a naval mutiny at, 3 N 8; seized by revolutionaries, 7 N 8 Kifri captured by British, 27 Ap 8 Kighi captured by Russians, 18 Jl 6 Kilambawe occupied by British, 5 Ja 7 Kilimanjaro, fighting near, 7 Mh 6, 11 Mh 6 Kilossa captured by British, 22 Au 6 Kimpolung captured by Russians, 23 Je 6 King Edward VII., H.M.S., sunk, 6 Ja 6 King George V. thrown from his horse, 28 O 5 King's Lynn, air-raid on, 19 Ja 5 Kirkuk occupied by British, 7 My 8; they evacuate it, 24 My 8; and occupy it again, 25 O 8 Kitchener, Lord, apptd. Secretary of State for War, 5 Au 4; drowned, 5 Je 6 Klein Zillebeke, the Germans attack at, 6 N 4, 12 N 4 Kolki, the Battle of, 9 N 5 Kolomea captured by Austrians, 16 F 5; by Russians, 30 Je 6; by Austrians, 26 Jl 7 Königin Luise sunk, 5 Au 4 Königsberg discovered in Rufigi River, 30 O 4; shelled, 10 N 4; destroyed, 11 Jl 5 Koningin Regentes sunk, 6 Je 8 Korniloff, Gen., apptd. Commander-in-Chief, 1 Au 7; is dismissed by Kerenski, 8 S 7; marches on Petrograd, 8 S 7; fails, 13 S 7; surrenders, 14 S 7; his arrest ordered, 10 N 7 Kovel, captured by Austro-Germans, 23 Au 5; fighting before, 19 Je 6; a Russian reverse near, 27 Je 6; the Russians attack before, 1 Au 6 Kovno captured by Germans, 17 Au 5 Kragujevatz captured by Austrians, 30 O 5 Krasnik, the 1st Battle of, 25 Au 4; the 2nd Battle of, 10 S 4; the Austrians defeated near, 6 Jl 5 Krasnostav, the Battle of, 16-18 Jl 5 Krilenko, ensign, apptd. Commander-in-Chief, 21 N 7 Krithia, the 1st Battle for, 28 Ap 5; 2nd Battle for, 6-8 My 5; 3rd Battle for, 4 Je 5 Kronstadt (Brasso) occupied by Roumanians, 29 Au 6; retaken by Austro-Germans, 7 O 6 Kühlmann, H. von, resigns, 9 Jl 8 Kum occupied by Russians, 20 D 5 Kut-el-Amara (see also Mesopotamia): the British reach, 25 S 5; the 1st Battle of, 28 S 5; captured by British, 29 S 5; the British retire to, from Azizie, 3 D 5; the siege begins, 7 D 5; Turkish attacks repelled, 12 D 5, 25 D 5; the relieving force advances from Ali-el-Gharb, 4 Ja 6; the first relieving force defeats the Turks but is checked by floods, 6 Ja 6; the Turks again repulsed, 13 Ja 6; the action at Um-el-Hannah, 21 Ja 6; heavy fighting before Kut, 3 F 6; the second attempt to relieve fails at Es Sinn, 8 Mh 6; the relieving force falls back from Es Sinn, 9 Mh 6; the third attempt to relieve: the Um-el-Hannah and Falahiyeh positions captured, 6 Ap 6; the first attack on the Sanna-i-Yat position, 9 Ap 6; the second ditto, 12 Ap 6; a Turkish counter-attack, 17 Ap 6; the third attack on the Sanna-i-Yat position, 22 Ap 6; an attempt to run a supply ship into Kut, 24 Ap 6; the garrison capitulates, 29 Ap 6 (now see Mesopotamia) La Bassée, the Battle of, 11-31 O 4 La Boiselle, fighting at, 3-4 Jl 6 'Labyrinth,' the fighting at, 14 N 5 Laconia sunk, 25 F 7 La Fère captured by Germans, 30 Au 4; retaken by French, 13 O 8 Laforey, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Mh 7 Lahej captured by Turks, 5 Jl 5 Lajj, British cavalry reach, 5 Mh 7 Lambros, Prof., becomes Premier, 9 O 6 Landrecies, action at, 25 Au 4; captured by British, 4 N 8 Lanfranc sunk, 17 Ap 7 Langenburg, Neu, captured by British, 29 My 6 Lansdowne, Lord, his letter to the Daily Telegraph, 29 N 7 Laon captured by Germans, 30 Au 4; retaken by French, 13 O 8 Lassigny, the 1st Battle of, 9-13 Je 8; the 2nd Battle of, 9-15 Au 8 Lassoo, H.M.S., sunk, 13 Au 6 Laurentic sunk, 23 Ja 7 Lavender, H.M.S., sunk, 5 My 7 Leasowe Castle sunk, 26 My 8 Le Barque capt. by British, 26 F 7 Le Cateau, the 1st Battle of, 26 Au 4; captured by British, 10 O 8; the 2nd Battle of, 8-10 O 8 Leinster sunk, 10 O 8 Leipsig Redoubt carried, 7 Jl 6 Lemberg, the 1st Battle of, 31 Au-2 S 4; occupied by Russians, 3 S 4; retaken by Austrians, 22 Je 5 Lemnos occupied by British, 7 Mh 5 Lenin effects a coup d'état, 7 N 7; announces peace negotiations, 21 N 7 Lens occupied by Germans, 4 O 4; fighting near, 12-15 Ap 7, 15-22 Au 7; evacuated by Germans, 3 S 8 Leonardo da Vinci sunk, 2 Au 6 Leon Gambetta sunk, 27 Ap 5 Le Quesnoy capt. by British, 4 N 8 Le Sars captured by British, 25 Au 8 Les Eparges, fighting at, 5-9 Ap 5; German attacks at, 19 Ap 6 Leuze Wood captured by British, 5 S 6 Libau shelled, 17 N 4; bombarded, 28 Mh 5; captured by Germans, 8 My 5 Liberia severs relations with Germany, 8 My 7 Lichnowsky, Prince, his memoir published, 15 Mh 8 Liége bombarded, 5 Au 4; falls, 7 Au 4; the last forts reduced, 15 Au 4 Lightning, H.M.S., sunk, 30 Je 5 Lille captured by Germans, 27 Au 4; reoccupied by French, 30 S 4; retaken by Germans, 13 O 4; reoccupied by Allies, 17 O 8 Lisbon, an insurrection at, 6-11 D 7 Livenza, fighting on the, 7 N 7 Llandovery Castle sunk, 27 Je 8 Lloyd George: see George, Mr. Lloyd Lody, Carl, shot, 6 N 4 Lodz, a battle at, 23-24 N 4; evacuated by Russians, 27 N 4; captured by Germans, 6 D 4 Lome captured by Allies, 25 Je 5 Lomnica, the Russians cross the, 12 Jl 7; recross the, 16 Jl 7 London: air-raids on, (i) daylight, 28 N 6, 7 My 7, 13 Je 7, 7 Jl 7; (ii) night, 4 S 7, 24 S 7, 25 S 7, 29 S 7, 30 S 7, 1 O 7, 31 O 7, 6 D 7, 18 D 7, 28 Ja 8, 29 Ja 8, 16 F 8, 17 F 8, 7 Mh 8, 19 My 8; (iii) Zeppelin, 31 My 5, 8 S 5, 12 O 5, 13 O 5, 24 Au 6, 3 S 6, 23 S 6, 25 S 6, 1 O 6, 19 O 7 ——, munition factory explosion at, 19 Ja 7 Longido occupied by Germans, 16 S 4; attacked by British, 4 N 4; occupied by British, 17 N 4 Longueval, fighting at, 14 Jl 6 and onwards; captured, 29 Jl 6, 27 Au 8 Loos, the Battle of, 25 S-15 O 5; a German attack near, 27 Ja 6 Loupart Wood captured by British, 13 Mh 7 Louvain captured by Germans, 17 Au 4; sacked, 25 Au 4 Louvain sunk, 20 Ja 8 Lowestoft, air-raid on, 20 F 6; bombarded, 25 Ap 6; naval raid on, 26 N 6 Lublin occupied by Austro-Germans, 30 Jl 5 Ludendorff, Gen., resigns, 26 O 8 Luderitz Bay occupied by Union troops, 19 S 4 Ludwigshaven, air-raid on, 27 My 5 Lupembe, action at, 30 O 6 Lusitania sunk, 7 My 5 Lutkow captured by Austro-Germans, 19 My 5 Lutsk captured by Germans, 1 S 5; retaken by Russians, 23 S 5; they abandon it, 28 S 5; and retake it, 6 Je 6 Luxemburg invaded by Germany, 2 Au 4 Lvoff, Prince, becomes Premier, 14 Mh 7; resigns, 22 Jl 7 Lyck captured by Germans, 14 F 5 Lynx, H.M.S., mined, 9 Au 5 Lys, the Battle of the, 9-29 Ap 8 M 15 sunk, 11 N 7 M 21 sunk, 20 O 8 M 30 sunk, 13 My 6 Maan captured by Arabs, 23 S 8 Macedonia[12] (see also Salonika, Serbia): the Bulgarians take Vranja, 15 O 5; are driven from Strumnitza, 19 O 5; but capture Veles, 21 O 5; the Allies bombard Dedeagatch, 21 O 5; the Bulgarians take Uskub and Rumanovo, 22 O 5; the Serbians retake Veles, 25 O 5; French troops join the Serbians, 27 O 5; British and French in position across the Vardar, 27 O 5; the Bulgarians retake Veles, 29 O 5; and capture Nish, 5 N 5; Prilep, 16 N 5; but are repulsed near Strumnitza, 16 N 5; the Germans capture Novi Bazar, 21 N 5; the Austrians take Mitrovitza and Prishtina, 25 N 5; Bulgarians occupy Prisrend, 29 N 5; and Monastir, 5 D 5; and attack the British near Doiran, 6 D 5; the Allies retire, 7 D 5; the Bulgarians occupy Diakhova, Dibra, and Okrida, 9 D 5; but their attacks are repelled, 11 D 5; the Franco-British forces in position before Salonika, 12 D 5; the Bulgarians capture Doiran and Ghevgeli, 12 D 5; Elbasan, 17 D 5 (now see Albania); the Allies bombard Dedeagatch and Porto Lagos, 18 Ja 6; and are bombarded on the Vardar, 7 Ap 6; the Bulgarians capture Fort Rupel, 26 My 6; a French success near Doiran, 11 Au 6; the Bulgarians attack near Salonika, 17 Au 6; and advance towards Kavala, 18 Au 6; they capture Florina, 20 Au 6; the Allies launch an offensive, 20 Au 6; and drive back the Bulgarians, 22 Au 6; the Bulgarians occupy Kavala forts, 25 Au 6; but are bombarded by British warships, 28 Au 6; the British cross the Struma, 10 S 6; the 4th Greek Army Corps surrenders at Kavala, 12 S 6; the Allies successful near Florina, 15 S 6; capture it, 18 S 6; the Serbians reach Kenali, 3 O 6; the British advance, 4 O 6; again, 7 O 6; ditto, 31 O 6; the Serbians capture Polag, 10 N 6; and advance, 12 N 6; the Allies advance, 14 N 6; and retake Monastir, 18 N 6; a Serbian success, 26 N 6; they advance again, 3 D 6; and capture Stravina, 4 D 6; the French advance, 26 Mh 7; the British advance, 25 Ap 7; again, 9 My 7; they withdraw, 16 Je 7; Greek troops attack at Skra di Legen, 30 My 8 (now see Albania); the Battle of the Vardar begins, 15 S 8; the British join in, 18 S 8; Serbians and French near Negotin, 21 S 8; Ghevgeli captured, 22 S 8; Prilep, 23 S 8; Ishtip and Veles, 25 S 8; Strumnitza, 26 S 8; Armistice and end of the battle, 30 S 8 Mafia Island surrenders, 12 Ja 5 Magdeburg destroyed, 27 Au 4 Magdhaba captured by British, 23 D 6 Magellan sunk, 11 N 6 Mahenge occupied by Belgians, 9 O 7 Majestic, H.M.S., sunk, 27 My 5 Makob occupied by Union troops, 3 Mh 5 Malancourt captured by Germans, 30 Mh 6 Malangali, fighting at, 24 Jl 6 Malema occupied by British, 13 Je 8 Maloja sunk, 27 F 6 Mamakhatun occupied by Russians, 14 Mh 6; retaken by Turks, 31 My 6; by Russians, 12 Jl 6 Mametz, fighting at, 1-12 Jl 6; captured by British, 25 Au 8 Mangeles captured by French, 21 D 5 Mannheim, air-raids on, 24 D 7, 18 Mh 8, 21 My 8, 1 Jl 8, 21 Au 8 Manunga, a British success near, 5 My 8 Maori, H.M.S., sunk, 7 My 5 Margate: bombarded, 25 F 7; air-raids on, 12 Au 7, 22 Au 7 Marina sunk, 28 O 6 Maritz: see under South Africa Marmora, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Jl 8 Marne, the 1st Battle of the, 6-10 S 4; the Germans reach the, 31 My 8; the 2nd Battle of the, 15 Jl-4 Au 8 Marne, H.M.S., sinks a submarine, 20 Jl 8 Maroilles, action at, 25 Au 4 Marquette sunk, 26 O 5 Marshall, Lt.-Gen., apptd. to command in Mesopotamia, 24 N 7 Marshall Islands occupied by Japan, 7 O 4 Martinpuich captured by British, 15 S 6; again, 24 Au 8 Mary Rose, H.M.S., sunk, 17 O 7 Masurian Lakes, the Battle of the, 6-12 S 4 Maubeuge invested, 26 Au 4; surrenders, 7 S 4; captured by British, 8 N 8 Maude, Gen., assumes command in Mesopotamia, 28 Au 6; dies, 18 N 7 Max of Baden, Prince, becomes Chancellor, 3 O 8; resigns, 8 N 8 Mecca captured by the Grand Sherif, 9 Je 6 Medea sunk, 25 Mh 5 Medusa, H.M.S., sunk, 25 Mh 6 Meiszagola stormed by Germans, 12 S 5 Memel occupied by Russians, 18 Mh 5; retaken by Germans, 21 Mh 5 Merckem captured by Allies, 27 O 7 Merris captured by Australian troops, 29 Jl 8; the 'Mont' captured by British, 3 Je 8 Mersa Matruh, fighting at, 13 D 5, 25 D 5 Merv captured by Bolshevists, 22 Au 8 Merville captured by British, 19 Au 8 Mesopotamia (see also Kut-el-Amara and Persia): Basra occupied by British, 21 N 4; the Battle of Shaiba, 12-14 Ap 5; the British capture Amara, 3 Je 5; Nasiriyeh, 25 Jl 5; the British occupy Bushire, 8 Au 5; they reach Kut-el-Amara, 25 S 5; the 1st Battle of Kut, 28 S 5; they take Kut, 29 S 5; they reach Azizie, 23 O 5; they advance on Ctesiphon, 12 N 5; the Battle of Ctesiphon, 22-24 N 5; the British retreat towards Azizie, 25 N 5; they retreat on Kut-el-Amara, 30 N 5; they reach Kut-el-Amara, 3 D 5 (now see Kut-el-Amara); the garrison capitulates, 29 Ap 6; Russian cavalry join the British, 18 My 6; the Turks evacuate Es Sinn, 19 My 6; the British advance on the Tigris, 21 My 6; a success on the Tigris, 15 Je 6; the Turks attack at Sanna-i-Yat, 10 Jl 6; Gen. Maude assumes command, 28 Au 6; the British attack Kut-el-Amara, 13 D 6; the 2nd Battle of Kut begins, 5 Ja 7; a partial success, 25 Ja 7; a position captured, 26 Ja 7; a success near Hai-Tigris, 1 F 7; another, 3 F 7; the British capture the Liquorice Factory, 10 F 7; a success at the Dahra bend, 14 F 7; a failure at Sanna-i-Yat, 17 F 7; a success there, 22 F 7; the British cross at the Shamrun bend, 23 F 7; they capture Kut-el-Amara, 24 F 7; the pursuit of the Turks begins, 25 F 7; the Firefly is recaptured, 27 F 7; British cavalry reach Lajj, 5 Mh 7; the Turks stand on the Dialah river, 7 Mh 7; the British cross it, 9 Mh 7; and advance on Baghdad, 10 Mh 7; they capture Baghdad, 11 Mh 7; Feluja, 19 Mh 7; Deli Abbas, 31 Mh 7; Belad Station, 8 Ap 7; the Turks defeated at Deltawa, 11 Ap 7; the British cross the Shatt-el-Adhaim below Samarra, 17 Ap 7; Turks defeated at Istabulat, 18 Ap 7; the British attack between Istabulat and Samarra, 21 Ap 7; they take Samarra Station, 23 Ap 7; the Turks are defeated and retreat, 24 Ap 7; again at Jebel Hamrin, 30 Ap 7; a British success on the Euphrates, 11 Jl 7; the Turks routed at Ramadieh, 28-29 S 7; at Tekrit, 5 N 7; the British capture Tekrit, 6 N 7; Gen. Maude dies, 18 N 7; Gen. Marshall succeeds him, 24 N 7; the Turks defeated near Deli Abbas, 3 D 7; the British take Khan Abu Rayat, 20 F 8; Hit, 9 Mh 8; they defeat the Turks at Khan Baghdadie, 26 Mh 8; capture Kifri, 27 Ap 8; defeat Turks at Tuz Khartmatli, 29 Ap 8; reach the Tank river, 30 Ap 8; occupy Kirkuk, 7 My 8; drive the Turks across the Lesser Zab, 11 My 8; evacuate Kirkuk, 24 My 8; advance east of the Tigris, 23 O 8; capture Kirkuk again, 25 O 8; Kalat Shergat, 28 O 8; the Turks routed, 29 O 8; the Turkish forces surrender, 30 O 8; the British occupy Mosul, 3 N 8 Mesopotamia Report published, 27 Je 7 Messines captured by Germans, 1 N 4; the Battle of, 7-14 Je 7; fighting on the Ridge, 10-12 Ap 8; captured by British, 29 S 8 Meteor destroyed, 10 Au 5 Météren, fighting at, 13-17 Ap 8; captured by British, 19 Jl 8 Metz, air-raids on, 25 Mh 5, 23 Ja 6, 8 Mh 6, 18 Mh 6, 11 F 8, 23 Mh 8; French troops enter, 19 N 8 Mezera, fighting at, 7 D 4 Mézières captured by Germans, 27 Au 4 Michaelis, Herr, becomes Chancellor, 14 Jl 7; resigns, 30 O 7 Mignonette, H.M.S., sunk, 17 Mh 7 Milan, an air-raid on, 14 F 6 Miliukoff, M., resigns, 16 My 7 Military Service Bill introduced, 5 Ja 6 —— Act comes into operation, 10 F 6 —— Cross instituted, 1 Ja 5 Milner, Lord, becomes Secretary for War, 18 Ap 8 Miraumont captured by British, 25 F 7 Mirbach, Count, assassinated, 6 Jl 8 Miriampol captured by Germans, 12 F 5 Mitau occupied by Germans, 1 Au 5; retaken by Russians, 16 Au 5 Mitrovitza captured by Austrians, 25 N 5 Mizpeh captured by British, 21 N 7 Mœuvres reached by British, 21 N 7; captured, 12 S 8; again, 18 S 8 Mohmand Inshkar defeated, 18 Ap 5 Mohmed V. dies, 3 Jl 8 Moldavia sunk, 23 My 8 Moldavia, fighting in, 17 Ja 7, 23 Jl—9 Au 7 Moltke sunk, 18 Au 5 Moltke, Gen. von, dies, 18 Je 6 Momba occupied by British, 10 Je 6 Monastir captured by Bulgarians, 5 D 5; an air-raid on, 24 Ja 6; recaptured by Allies, 18 N 6; a French advance near, 26 Mh 7 Monfalcone capt. by Italians, 9 Je 5 Mongolia sunk, 23 Je 7 Monitors bombard Belgium, 18 O 4; engage German destroyers, 17 My 6 —— the M 15 sunk, 11 N 7 —— the M 21 sunk, 20 O 8 —— the M 30 sunk, 13 My 6 Monmouth, H.M.S., sunk, 1 N 4 Monro, Gen., succeeds Gen. Hamilton, 16 O 5; assumes command, 28 O 5 Mons, the Battle of, 23 Au 4; retaken by Canadian troops, 11 N 8 Montagu, Mr., becomes Secretary for India, 17 Jl 7 Montdidier captured by Germans, 27 Mh 8; retaken by French, 10 Au 8 Monte Asolone captured by Austrians, 18 D 7; retaken by Italians, 19-21 D 7 Monte di Val Bella captured by Italians, 29 Je 8 Monte Ortigara, fighting on, 10 Je 7, 13 Je 7 Monte San Michele captured by Italians, 19 Jl 5 Monte Santo, fighting on, 15-17 My 7; capt. by Italians, 24 Au 7 Monte Vodice captured by Italians, 18 My 7 Montenegro: declares war on Austria, 5 Au 4; the Austrians capture Mount Lovtchen, 10 Ja 6; Cettinje occupied by the Austrians, 13 Ja 6; Antivari is captured by the Austrians, 22 Ja 6; Scutari captured, and the Austrian occupation complete, 23 Ja 6 Montfaucon capt. by Allies, 26 S 8 Monticello Pass captured by Italians, 26 My 8 Moon Island captured by Germans, 18 O 7 —— Sound, fighting in, 17-18 O 7 Mora River (E. Africa), Battle of the, 9 Mh 5 —— Mountains (W. Africa), fighting at, 19 F 6 Moratorium proclaimed in England, 2 Au 4 Moreuil retaken by French, 30 Mh 8; fighting at, 4-5 Ap 8 Morlancourt, fighting at, 10 Je 8, 6-8 Au 8 Mormal, fighting in the Forest of, 4-5 N 8 Moronvilliers, fighting near, 17 Ap 7, 23 Ap 7, 20 My 7, 14 Jl 7 Morris, H.M.S., sinks German destroyer, 21 Mh 8 Mort Homme, a German attack on the, 9 Ap 6; is repulsed, 10 Ap 6; a French success, 2 My 6; fresh German attacks, 3 My 6; they lose ground, 8 My 6; fighting at, 20-21 My 6 Morval captured by British, 25 S 6 Moshi occupied by British, 12 Mh 6 Mosul occupied by British, 3 N 8 Mount Lovtchen captured by Austrians, 10 Ja 6 Möwe sinks the Ariadne, 15 Ja 6; captures the Appam, 16 Ja 6; sinks the Clan MacTavish, 17 Ja 6; return to Germany announced, 4 Mh 6; again, 23 Mh 7 Moyenville captured by British, 21 Au 8 Mpwapwa occupied by British, 11 Au 6 Mulhausen captured by French, 8 Au 4; they evacuate it, 10 Au 4; they retake it, 19 Au 4; the Germans retake it, 25 Au 4 München sunk, 19 O 6 Munitions, Minister of, Mr. Lloyd George becomes the first, 26 My 5; Dr. Addison succeeds him, 10 D 6; and is succeeded by Mr. Churchill, 17 Jl 7 Mush captured by Russians, 19 F 6; retaken by Turks, 2 Au 6; by Russians, 24 Au 6; abandoned by Russians, 3 My 7 Mwanza captured by British, 12 Jl 6 Myrmidon, H.M.S., sunk, 26 Mh 7 Nabas occupied by Union troops, 11 Mh 5 Namur bombarded by Germans, 20 Au 4; they capture it, 23 Au 4; the Battle of, 22 Au 4; air-raids on, 11 Au 6, 25 Au 6; the British enter, 21 N 8 Nancy, the Battle of, 22 Au—11 S 4; air-raid on, 10 Au 7 Nantes, British base established at, 30 Au 4 Narev crossed by the Germans, 23 Jl 5 Narotch, Lake, the 1st Battle of, 18 Mh—14 Ap 6; the 2nd Battle of, 28 Ap 6 Narrows, Battle of the, 18 Mh 5 Nasiriyeh captured by British, 25 Jl 5 Nasturtium, H.M.S., sunk, 27 Ap 6 Natal, H.M.S., destroyed, 31 D 5 Naval Actions: off Belgian coast, 20 Mh 6, 22 Jl 6, 27 O 7; in North Sea, 23 Ja 7, 12 D 7, 21 Mh 8, 11 Au 8 (see also Jutland, Dogger Bank, and Heligoland) Naval Division formed, 7 S 4; reaches Antwerp, 5 O 4 Navy, the German, surrenders off the Firth of Forth, 21 N 8; scuttled at Scapa, 21 Je 9 Nazareth, British cavalry enter, 20 S 8 Negotin occupied by French, 22 O 8 Negro, H.M.S., sunk, 21 D 6 Nesle occupied by British, 18 Mh 7; captured by Germans, 24 Mh 8; occupied by French, 28 Au 8 Neu Iringa occupied by British, 29 Au 6 Neu Langenburg captured by British, 29 My 6 Neuve Chapelle captured by Germans, 2 N 4; the Battle of, 10-13 Mh 5 Neuve Eglise, fighting at, 12-14 Ap 8; captured by British, 1 S 8 Neuville, a German attack near, 24 Ja 6 New Guinea occupied by Australia, 24 S 4 Ngaundere occupied by Allies, 29 Je 5 Nicaragua severs relations with Germany, 19 My 7; declares war, 8 My 8 Nicholas, the Grand Duke, appointed Viceroy in the Caucasus, 5 S 5 Niemen, Battle of the, 26-28 S 4 Nieuport, Battle of, 10 Jl 7 Niger, H.M.S., sunk, 11 N 4 Nikolaieff occupied by Germans, 17 Mh 8 Nish captured by Bulgarians, 5 N 5; recaptured by Serbians, 12 O 8 Nitti, Sig., becomes Premier, 21 Je 9 Nivelle, Gen., succeeds Marshal Joffre, 12 D 6; is succeeded by Gen. Pétain, 15 My 7 Norongombe, a British victory at, 19 Jl 7 North Sea: see Naval Actions, Jutland, Heligoland, Dogger Bank North Star, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ap 8 Norway forbids the use of territorial waters to submarines, 13 O 6 Nottingham, H.M.S., sunk, 19 Au 6 Nova Alexandria, the Germans cross the Vistula at, 21 Jl 5 Novi Bazar captured by Germans, 21 N 5; occupied by Allies, 14 O 8 Novo Georgievsk captured by Germans, 20 Au 5 Noyon reoccupied by French, 21 S 4; retaken by Germans, 25 S 4; by the French, 18 Mh 7; evacuated by French, 25 Mh 8; retaken by French, 29 Au 8 Nubian, H.M.S., damaged, 27 O 6 Oberndorf, air-raid on, 12 O 6 Ocean, H.M.S., sunk, 18 Mh 5 Oceanic, H.M.S., lost, 8 S 4 Odessa occupied by Germans, 13 Mh 8 Oesel Island attacked by Germans, 12 O 7; they capture Arensburg, 13 O 7; fight a naval action, 14 O 7; occupy the island, 16 O 7 Okrida occupied by Bulgarians, 9 D 5 Olai captured by Russians, 7 N 5 Olita fort evacuated by Russians, 26 Au 5 Oppy captured by British, 7 O 8 Oppy line, fighting at the, 29 Ap 7, 3 My 7, 28 Je 7 Orama sunk, 19 O 7 Orlando, Sig., becomes Premier, 28 O 7; resigns, 19 Je 9 Orsova, passage forced by Austro-Germans at, 23 O 5; occupied by Roumanians, 7 S 6; retaken by Austro-Germans, 23 N 6 Ortona bombarded by Austrians, 23 Jl 5 Ossowietz captured by Germans, 23 Au 5 Ostend occupied by British, 27 Au 4; the 7th Division disembarked at, 6 O 4; occupied by Germans, 15 O 4; bombarded by British, 5 Je 7, 22 S 7, 25 S 7, 21 O 7, 21 Mh 8; a British naval raid on, 23 Ap 8; H.M.S. Vindictive sunk off, 10 My 8; air-raids on, 8 Mh 5, 10 N 6, 15 N 6, 17 N 6, 1 Je 7, 15 S 7; by French airmen, 8 F 5; reoccupied by Allies, 17 O 8 Otranto sunk, 6 O 8 Otway, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Jl 7 Oulchy-le-Château captured by British, 25 Jl 8 Ourcq, the Battle of the, 9 S 4, 11 S 4 Ovillers, fighting at, 3-16 Jl 6 Painlevé, M., becomes Premier, 12 S 7; his Govt. defeated, 13 N 7 Palembang sunk, 18 Mh 6 Palestine (see also Sinai): the 1st Battle of Gaza, 27 Mh 7; the 2nd ditto, 17 Ap 7; Gen. Allenby succeeds Gen. Murray, 29 Je 7; fighting at Gaza, 14 Jl 7; the British capture Beersheba, 31 O 7; and the defences of Gaza, 1 N 7; a British success north of Beersheba, 6 N 7; they capture Gaza, 7 N 7; a further Turkish defeat, 9 N 7; another at Ascalon, 13 N 7; the British approach Jaffa, 15 N 7; capture it, 17 N 7; approach Jerusalem, 18 N 7; capture Mizpeh, 21 N 7; occupy Hebron, 6 D 7; capture Jerusalem, 9 D 7; formal entry into, 11 D 7; they advance again, 12 D 7, 21 D 7; and shatter Turkish attacks, 27 D 7; capture Ramah and Beitunia, 28 D 7; Bireh, 29 D 7; Bethel, 30 D 7; they advance, 18 Ja 8, 14 F 8; and attack, 19 F 8, 20 F 8; they capture Jericho, 21 F 8; Rujm-el-Bahr, 26 F 8; the Mandesi ford, 26 F 8; cross the Jordan, 22 Mh 8; capture Es Salt, 25 Mh 8; destroy the railway near Amman, 27 Mh 8; attack Amman, 28 Mh 8; again, 30 Mh 8; they retire and evacuate Es Salt, 1 Ap 8; the Turks attack near Jaffa, 10 Ap 8; Arabs seize the Hedjaz railway near Maan, 24 Ap 8; the British advance and recapture Es Salt, 30 Ap 8; they are defeated near Jisr-ed-Damieh, 1 My 8; they withdraw across the Jordan, 3 My 8; capture Turkish positions near the coast, 8 Je 8; the Turks attack, 14 Jl 8; the British attack in force, 19 S 8; win a decisive victory, 20 S 8, 21 S 8, 22 S 8; they capture Acre and Haifa and Es Salt, 23 S 8; Arabs capture Maan, 23 S 8; the British occupy Tiberias and Amman, 25 S 8; Arab forces capture Deraa, 27 S 8; the British take Damascus, 30 S 8; Sidon, 7 O 8; the French occupy Beirut, 7 O 8; the British take Tripoli, 13 O 8; Homs, 15 O 8; an armistice with Turkey signed, 31 O 8 Pallada destroyed, 11 O 4 Panama declares war on Austria, 10 D 7 Paragon, H.M.S., sunk, 18 Mh 7 Paris, the Govt. leaves, 3 S 4; a Zeppelin raid on, 29 Ja 6; air-raids on, 30 Ja 8, 8 Mh 8, 11 Mh 8, 21 My 8, 22 My 8, 15 Je 8, 27 Je 8, 15 Au 8, 16 S 8; first bombarded by long-range gun, 23 Mh 8; again, 29 Mh 8, 27 My 8 Partridge, H.M.S., sunk, 12 D 7 Passchendaele Ridge, the British attack the, 4-12 O 7, 26 O 7, 30 O 7; they capture it, 6 N 7; and evacuate it, 16 Ap 8 Pathfinder, H.M.S., sunk, 5 S 4 Patia, H.M.S., sunk, 13 Je 8 Peace Conference begins at the Quai d'Orsay, 18 Ja 9; a Council of Four formed, 25 Mh 9; Mr. Wilson makes a statement concerning Fiume, 23 Ap 9; Sig. Orlando leaves Paris, 24 Ap 9; League of Nations adopted, 28 Ap 8; Labour charter adopted, 28 Ap 8 —— Proposals, Germany announces, 12 D 6; they are received by England, 18 D 6; the Allies' reply, 30 D 6; Mr. Wilson's, 20 D 6; Germany replies to, 25 D 6 —— Terms, presented to Germany, 7 My 9; to Austria, 2 Je 9; Germany accepts, 23 Je 9; signs, 28 Je 9; Austria signs, 10 S 9; Bulgaria signs, 27 N 9 Pegasus, H.M.S., shells Dar-es-Salaam, 13 Au 4; is sunk, 20 S 4 Pelagosa Island occupied by Italians, 25 Jl 5 Pellew, H.M.S., disabled, 12 D 7 Péronne captured by Germans, 24 S 4; occupied by British, 18 Mh 7; taken by Germans, 24 Mh 8; by British, 1 S 8 Pershing, Gen., arrives in London, 8 Je 7 Persia: — a revolt breaks out in, 22 N 5; Russians occupy Hamadan, 11 D 5; Kum, 20 D 5; Kermanshah, 27 F 6; Sinneh, 5 Mh 6; Kerind, 12 Mh 6; Ispahan, 19 Mh 6; Kasr-i-Shirin, 10 My 6; Kerman occupied by British, 12 Je 6; Turks retake Kermanshah, 2 Jl 6; the Russians capture Hamadan, 2 Mh 7; attack Turks in Asadabad Pass, 5 Mh 7; capture the Pass, 6 Mh 7; the Russians recapture Kermanshah, 13 Mh 7; occupy Kerind, 17 Mh 7 Persia sunk, 30 D 5 Peru severs relations with Germany, 6 O 7 Pétain, Gen., apptd. Chief of Staff, 29 Ap 7; Commander-in-Chief, 15 My 7; created a Marshal of France, 19 N 8 Petrograd, food riots in, 9 Mh 7; disorders in, 16-18 Jl 7; a coup d'état by Bolshevists, 7 N 7; the British Embassy attacked, 29 Au 8 Pheasant, H.M.S., sunk, 1 Mh 7 Phœnix, H.M.S., sunk, 14 My 8 Piave, Austrian attacks on the, 10-16 N 7; fighting on the, 15-25 Je 8, 2-6 Jl 8, 24-28 O 8 Pilkem, fighting near, 6 Jl 5 Pinsk occupied by Germans, 16 S 5; a Russian success near, 16 Ja 6 Pirrie, Lord, apptd. Controller of Shipping, 19 Mh 8 Plava captured by Italians, 17-18 Je 5 Ploegsteert Wood, the Germans attack, 13 My 6 Ploesti captured by Germans, 6 D 6 Ploska Height captured by Russians, 2 S 6 Plumer, Gen., apptd. to command in Italy, 24 N 7 Podgora, attacked by Italians, 15 Je 5; an Italian success at, 20 Jl 5 Pola, naval raids on, 1 N 6, 14 My 8, 31 O 8 Polag captured by Serbians, 10 N 6 Poland: invaded by Germany, 2 Au 4; by Austria, 10 Au 4; Russia guarantees autonomy to, 14 Au 4; proclaimed an Independent State by Germany and Austria, 5 N 6 Pommern sunk, 2 Jl 5 Pope, the, makes Peace Proposals, 14 Au 7 Porto Lagos bombarded, 18 Ja 6 Portugal: seizes German ships, 23 F 6; Germany declares war on, 10 Mh 6; an insurrection at Lisbon, 6-11 D 7 Portugal sunk, 30 Mh 6 Posina captured by Italians, 27 Je 6 Pozières captured by British, 25 Jl 6; the Germans attack, 6 Au 6; retaken by British, 24 Au 8 Pregasina capt. by Italians, 17 O 5 President Lincoln sunk, 31 My 8 Prilep captured by Bulgarians, 16 N 5; retaken by French, 23 S 8 Primula, H.M.S., sunk, 1 Mh 6 Prinz Adalbert sunk, 23 O 5 Prishtina captured by Austrians, 25 N 5; occupied by French, 10 O 8 Prisrend occupied by Bulgarians, 29 N 5; retaken by French, 11 O 8 Provence II. sunk, 26 F 6 Prussia, East: the Russians invade, 7 Au 4; evacuate, 12 S 4; reinvade, 4 O 4; evacuate, 9 O 4; reinvade, 18 Mh 5 Przasnysz, the Battle of, 22 F 5; captured by Germans, 24 F 5; reoccupied by Russians, 27 F 5; retaken by Austro-Germans, 14 Jl 5 Przemysl invested by Russians, 22 S 4; the siege raised for three weeks, 15 O 4; again besieged, 11 N 4; the defences breached, 13 Mh 5; it surrenders, 22 Mh 5; attacked by Austro-Germans, 30 My 5; they capture it, 3 Je 5 Pskoff occupied by Germans, 25 F 8 Pys captured by British, 25 F 7 'Quadrilateral,' the, stormed by British, 18 S 6 Quéant, fighting at, 3 My 7 —— line captured, 2 S 8 Queen sunk, 27 O 6 Queen Elizabeth, H.M.S., in action at the Dardanelles, 25 F 5 Racoon, H.M.S., lost, 9 Ja 8 Rafa, the Battle of, 9 Ja 7 Raglan, H.M.S., sunk, 20 Ja 8 Ramadieh, the Battle of, 28-29 S 7 Ramah captured by British, 28 D 7 Ramazan sunk, 19 S 5 Ramsgate, a Zeppelin raid on, 17 My 5; air-raids on, 9 F 6, 22 Au 7; bombarded, 18 Mh 7, 27 Ap 7 Rasputin assassinated, 29 D 6 Rava Russka, a battle at, 20 Je 5 Recruit (i), H.M.S., sunk, 1 My 5 —— (ii), H.M.S., sunk, 9 Au 7 Recruiting for 'Derby' groups closed, 12 D 5 Redmond, Mr. J., dies, 6 Mh 8 Regina Margherita sunk, 11 D 6 Renaudin sunk, 18 Mh 6 'Retreat,' the, begins 24 Au 4; ends, 5 S 4 Reval occupied by Germans, 25 F 8 Rewa sunk, 4 Ja 8 Rheims occupied by Germans, 5 S 4; evacuated by them, 14 S 4; first bombardment of the Cathedral, 20 S 4 Rhodesia, the Germans driven from Abercorn, 1 Au 5 Rhododendron, H.M.S., sunk, 5 My 8 Rhondda, Lord, apptd. Food Controller, 15 Je 7; dies 3 Jl 8; is succeeded by Mr. Clynes, 9 Jl 8 Ribot, M., becomes Premier, 19 Mh 7; resigns, 7 S 7 Richthoven, Baron von, shot down, 23 Ap 8 Ridges, the Battle of, 3-6 D 4 Riga, the Russians prepare to evacuate, 5 Au 5; the Germans repulsed near, 7 Au 5; a German squadron invades the Gulf, 10, 17, 18, and 21 Au 5; the Germans advance on, 18 O 5; fighting near, 10 N 5, 7 Ja 7, 23-30 Ja 7; the Germans attack near, 20 Au 7; they occupy it, 3 S 7; a naval action in the Gulf, 12-21 O 7 Rimnic-Sarat captured by Germans, 26-28 D 6 Rizeh captured by Russians, 7 Mh 6 Roberts, Lord, dies, 14 N 4 Robertson, Sir W., apptd. Chief of Staff, 21 D 5; resigns, 16 F 8 Robinson, Lt. W. L., brings down a Zeppelin, 3 S 6 Rœux captured by British, 14 My 7 Roisel occupied by British, 24 Mh 7 Romani, the Battle of, 4-5 Au 6 Roubaix reoccupied by Allies, 18 O 8 Roumania declares war on Austria, 27 Au 6; invades Transylvania, 28 Au 6; agrees to an armistice, 6 D 7; submits to a German ultimatum, 2 Mh 8; signs peace with Central Powers, 7 My 8 Rovereto captured by Italians, 23 N 5 Royal Edward sunk, 14 Au 5 Roye captured by Germans, 26 Mh 8; retaken by French, 27 Au 8 Ruanda invaded by Belgians, 30 My 6 Rufigi River, fighting on the, 5 Ja 7 (see also Königsberg) Rumanovo captured by Bulgarians, 22 O 5 Rujm-el-Bahr occupied by British, 26 F 8 Russell, H.M.S., sunk, 27 Ap 6 Russia sunk, 14 D 6 Russia: invades East Prussia, 7 Au 4; guarantees autonomy to Poland, 14 Au 4; the Grand Duke Nicholas is sent to the Caucasus, 5 S 5; sends an ultimatum to Bulgaria, 4 O 5; sends troops to Marseilles, 20 Ap 6; food riots in Petrograd, 9 Mh 7; the revolution begins, 12 Mh 7; the Tsar abdicates, 15 Mh 7; new Government recognised by the Allies, 24 Mh 7; M. Miliukoff resigns, 16 My 7; M. Kerenski becomes War Minister, 16 My 7; the Government repudiates a separate Peace, 19 My 7; launches a great offensive in E. Galicia, 1 Jl 7; proclaims a republic, 15 S 7 (see Kerenski); a coup d'état by Bolshevists, 7 N 7 (see Lenin); negotiates at Brest-Litovsk, 2 D 7; the General Staff surrenders, 3 D 7; the Ukrainians revolt, 8 D 7 (see Ukraine); the Constituent Assembly meets, 11 D 7; is dispersed by Bolshevists, 13 D 7; who sign an armistice at Brest-Litovsk, 15 D 7; and open Peace negotiations, 22 D 7; but denounce Germany's conditions, 2 Ja 8; the Constituent Assembly meets again, 18 Ja 8; is dissolved, 19 Ja 8; Trotsky announces that Russia is out of the war, 10 F 8; the Bolshevists defeat Gen. Alexeieff, 13 F 8; the armistice terminates, 18 F 8; Germany's terms are accepted, 24 F 8; Peace is signed at Brest-Litovsk, 2 Mh 8; the British Embassy is attacked, 29 Au 8 Saarbrücken, air-raids on, 6 S 5, 25 O 7, 16 My 8 Saarburg captured by French, 18 Au 4 Saillisel captured by French, 12 N 6 Sailly-Saillisel captured by French, 18 O 6 St. Denis Westrem, air-raids on, 3 Je 7, 27 S 7 St. Eloi, the Battle of, 14-17 Mh 5; British success at, 27 Mh 6, 3 Ap 6; a German success at, 7 Ap 6; a British success at, 9-10 Ap 6 St. Julien stormed by Germans, 24 Ap 5; captured by British, 31 Jl 7; retaken by Germans, 1 Au 7; by British, 3 Au 7 St. Mihiel captured by Germans, 23 S 4; a German success at, 6 Jl 5; the Battle of, 12-13 S 8 St. Nazaire, British base established at, 30 Au 4 St. Pierre Divion captured by British, 13 N 6 St. Pierre Vaast Wood captured by British, 16 Mh 7 St. Quentin retaken by French, 1 O 8 Saliff captured by British, 12 Je 7 Salonika (for military operations, see Macedonia): Allied troops land at, 5 O 5; British reinforcements arrive, 4 D 5; Gen. Sarrail assumes command, 16 Ja 6; air-raids on, 1 F 6, 27 Mh 6; Russian troops land, 30 Jl 6; Italian ditto, 11 Au 6; Gen. Guillaumet succeeds Gen. Sarrail, 15 D 7; Gen. F. d'Esperey succeeds Gen. Guillaumet, 27 Je 8 Salta sunk, 10 Ap 7 Salvia, H.M.S., sunk, 20 Je 7 Samarra, fighting near, 17 Ap 7; the British occupy the station, 23 Ap 7 Sambre, the Battle of the, 1-11 N 8 Samoa occupied by New Zealand, 28 Au 4 San crossed by the Russians, 14 S 4; the Battle of the, 14-17 My 5 San Giovanni captured by Italians, 27 My 7 San Grado captured by Italians, 15 S 6 San Michele, Monte, captured by Italians, 19 Jl 5 Sanna-i-Yat: see Kut-el-Amara Sarajevo, assassination at, 28 Je 4 Sari Bair, the Austrians attack at, 9 My 5; the Battle of, 6-11 Au 5 Sarnia, H.M.S., sunk, 12 S 8 Sarrail, Gen., assumes command at Salonika, 16 Ja 6; succeeded by Gen. Guillaumet, 15 D 7 Sarykamish, the Battle of, 29 D 4-2 Ja 5 Scarborough bombarded, 16 D 4, 4 S 7 Scarpe, a British attack on the, 23 Ap 7; the Battle of the, 26 Au-3 S 8 Scheer, Admiral, apptd. Chief of Admiralty Staff, 2 Au 8 Scheidemann, Herr, becomes Prime Minister, 12 F 9; resigns, 20 Je 9 Schilden Island captured by Germans, 20 O 7 Schleswig-Holstein, air-raid on, 25 Mh 6 Schwaben Redoubt captured by British, 28 S 6; they advance at, 14 O 6 Scott, H.M.S., sunk, 15 Au 8 Scutari captured by Austrians, 23 Ja 6; occupied by Italians, 4 N 8 Seaham bombarded, 11 Jl 6 Sedan occupied by Americans, 6 N 8 Seeheim occupied by Union troops, 17 Ap 5 Seidler, Dr. von, becomes Austrian Premier, 24 Je 7; tenders his resignation, 22 Ja 8; resigns, 23 Jl 8 Selle, Battle of the, 17-25 O 8 Semendria, taken by Austrians, 10 O 5 Semlin occupied by Serbians, 10 S 4; they evacuate it, 17 S 4 Sende, fighting at, 25 O 5 Senussi Arabs repulsed near Mersa Matruh, 13 D 5; routed, 25 D 5; again, 23 Ja 6; defeated at Agagia, 26 F 6; again near Siwa, 5 F 7 Serbia (for military operations, see Macedonia): invades Bosnia, 12 Au 4; is invaded by Austria, 13 Au 4; the Austrians take Shabatz, 16 Au 4; the Battle of the Jardar, 17-19 Au 4; the Austrians evacuate Serbia, 25 Au 4; the Serbians invade Hungary and occupy Semlin, 10 S 4; they defeat the Austrians on the Drina, 15 S 4; but evacuate Semlin, 17 S 4; the Serbians reinvade Bosnia, 22 S 4; are driven out, 27 O 4; the third Austrian invasion of Serbia begins, 1 N 4; the Austrians occupy Belgrade, 2 D 4; the Battle of the Ridges, 3-6 D 4; the Serbians retake Belgrade and expel the Austrians, 15 D 4; the fourth Austrian invasion begins, 6 O 5; the Austro-Germans capture Belgrade, 8 O 5; Semendria, 10 O 5; Bulgaria invades Serbia, 11 O 5; captures Vranja, 15 O 5; Veles, 21 O 5; Uskub and Rumanovo, 22 O 5; the Austrians force the Danube at Orsova, 23 O 5; and open a route to Constantinople, 24 O 5; and join the Bulgarians, 25 O 5; the Serbians retake Veles, 25 O 5; and join the French, 27 O 5; the Bulgarians retake Veles, 29 O 5; the Austrians capture Kragujevatz, 30 O 5; the Bulgarians take Nish, 5 N 5 (now see Macedonia); the Serbian Govt. leaves Mitrovitza for Prisrend, 23 N 5; the Austrians capture Mitrovitza and Prishtina, the Govt. removes to Scutari, 25 N 5; the Serbian Army retreats into Albania, 28 N 5; Corfu is prepared for Serbian troops, 11 Ja 6; the first Serbian troops land at Corfu, 15 Ja 6; the reorganised Serbian Army is concentrated there, 10 F 6; they advance on Monastir, 3 O 6 (now see Macedonia); they recapture Nish, 12 O 8; Ipek and Novi Bazar, 14 O 8; approach the Danube, 20 O 8; the French occupy Negotin, 22 O 8; the Serbians reoccupy Belgrade, 1 N 8 Sereth, fighting on the, 2-9 S 5; a Russian attack on the, 4 Au 6 Seringes captured by American troops, 31 Jl 8 Serre captured by British, 25 F 7 Shabatz captured by Austrians, 16 Au 4 Shaiba, the Battle of, 12-14 Ap 5 Shatt-el-Adhaim, fighting on the, 8, 17, 24, 30 Ap 7 Shavli occupied by Germans, 1 My 5; they evacuate it, 11 My 5 Sheerness, air-raid on, 22 O 6 Sherif of Mecca: see Grand Sherif Siam declares war on Germany and Austria, 22 Jl 7 Sidon occupied by British, 7 O 8 Silistria captured by Bulgarians, 9 S 6 Silvertown, explosion at, 19 Ja 7 Simoon, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ja 7 Sinai, an Australian success in, 16 My 6; a British raid on El Arish, 18 My 6; the British occupy El Arish, 21 D 6; and Magdhaba, 23 D 6; the Battle of Rafa, 9 Ja 7; the British capture Turkish advanced posts, 20 F 7 (now see Palestine) Singapore, mutiny at, 15 F 5 Sinn Fein leaders arrested, 17 My 8 Sinneh capt. by Russians, 5 Mh 6 Sirius, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ap 8 Siwa, action at, 5 F 7 Skouloudis, M., becomes Premier, 6 N 5; resigns, 22 Je 6 Skra di Legen, Greeks attack at, 30 My 8 Smith-Dorrien, Gen., commands the 2nd Corps, 17 Au 4; apptd. to command in East Africa, 14 D 5; resigns, 10 F 6 Smuts, Gen., succeeds Gen. Smith-Dorrien, 10 F 6; is succeeded by Gen. Hoskins, 28 Ja 7 Smyrna bombarded, 5 Mh 5 Snaefell, H.M.S., sunk, 5 Je 8 Soissons occupied by Germans, 1 S 4; reoccupied by French, 13 S 4; the Battle of, 8-14 Ja 5; captured by Germans, 29 My 8; recaptured by Allies, 2 Au 8 Sokal, the Battle of, 14 Au 4 Sollum occupied by British, 14 Mh 6 Somme, the 1st Battle of the, 1 Jl-17 N 6; the 2nd ditto, 21 Mh-5 Ap 8 Sonnino, Baron, visits London, 2 D 8 Souchez, the Battle of, 9 My-13 Jl 5; the French capture the sugar factory, 31 My 5; and the village, 26 S 5 South Africa: German patrols enter near Nakob, 21 Au 4; the rebellion begins, De la Rey shot, 15 S 4; Maritz rebels, 9 O 4; is defeated at Ratedrai, 15 O 4; Beyers, Kemp, and De Wet rebel, 22 O 4; De Wet seizes Heilbron, 24 O 4; Maritz defeated at Kakamas, 26 O 4; Beyers defeated at Commissie Drift, 27 O 4; rebels defeated at Schuit Drift, 30 O 4; De Wet defeated at Mushroom Valley, 12 N 4; De Wet captured at Waterburg, 1 D 4; some rebels surrender near Reitz, 4 D 4; Beyers is defeated near Bothaville, and is drowned crossing the Vaal River, 8 D 4; the main rebel force surrenders, 8 D 4; Maritz and Kemp are defeated at Upington, 24 Ja 5; Kemp surrenders, and the rebellion at an end, 3 F 5 Southend, a Zeppelin raid on, 26 My 5; an air-raid on, 12 Au 7 South-West Africa: the South African Govt. decides to invade, 9 S 4; Walfish Bay occupied, 25 D 4; Swakopmund occupied, 14 Ja 5; Botha sails for, 8 F 5; Garub occupied, 22 F 5; Makob occupied, 3 Mh 5; Nabas occupied, 11 Mh 5; the Germans defeated at Riet, 20 Mh 5; Hasuur occupied, 1 Ap 5; Warmbad occupied, 4 Ap 5; Seeheim occupied, 17 Ap 5; the Germans defeated at Gibeon, 28 Ap 5; Karibib occupied, 5 My 5; Windhoek captured, 12 My 5; Otavifontein captured, 2 Jl 5; the Germans defeated at Gaub, 4 Jl 5; the German forces surrender, 9 Jl 5 Southwold bombarded, 25 Ja 7 Speedy, H.M.S., sunk, 3 S 4 Spincourt, a German reverse at, 11 Au 4 Stanislau retaken by Austrians, 19 F 5; by Russians, 4 Mh 5; by Austrians, 8 Je 5; by Russians, 10 Au 6; the Russians advance on, 6 Jl 7; capture Austrian positions near, 8 Jl 7; the Austro-Germans retake it, 24 Jl 7 Staunch, H.M.S., sunk, 11 N 7 Stephen Furness, H.M.S., sunk, 13 D 7 Stockholm, Socialist Conference at: Russia declares for, 9 My 7; French Socialists to attend, 28 My 7; French Govt. refuses permission, 1 Je 7; English Govt. refuses, 13 Au 7 Stokhod, the, crossed by the Russians, 8 Jl 6; fighting on the, 3 Au 6; Russians defeated on the, 3 Ap 7 Strasbourg entered by Marshal Foch, 25 N 8 Stravina capt. by Serbians, 4 D 6 Strongbow, H.M.S., sunk, 17 O 7 Struma, the, crossed by the British, 10 S 6 Strumnitza, the Bulgarians driven from, 19 O 5; occupied by the British, 26 S 8 Stryj captured by Austro-Germans, 1 Je 5 Strypa, Russian successes on the, 30 Au 5, 2 N 5, 1 Ja 6, 15 Je 6 Sturgkh, Count, assassinated, 21 O 6 Stuttgart, air-raids on, 22 S 5, 16 S 7, 22 S 7 Styr, an Austrian victory on the, 15 N 5; a Russian victory on the, 1 Ja 6; crossed by the Russians, 20 Jl 6 Submarine (British) B11 sinks the Messudiyeh, 13 D 4; E3 sunk, 18 O 4; E9 sinks a German destroyer, 6 O 4; E11 torpedoes a Turkish transport, 26 My 5; E13 is shelled when aground, 18 Au 5; E14 enters the Sea of Marmora, 27 Ap 5; she sinks a Turkish transport, 29 Ap 5; she is sunk, 28 Ja 8; E20 lost, 6 N 5; E23 sinks the Westfalen, 19 Au 6 —— (German) attack on British Light Cruiser Squadron, 9 Au 4; one is sunk by a British aeroplane, 26 Au 5; the Deutschland reaches the United States, 9 Jl 6; regains Germany, 23 Au 6; S20 sunk, 5 Je 7; U8 sunk, 4 Mh 5; U12 sunk, 9 Mh 5; U15 sunk, 9 Au 4; U18 sunk, 23 N 4; U28 sinks the Falaba, 28 Mh 5; U48 sunk, 24 N 7; U53 reaches Newport, 7 O 6; and sinks eight ships, 8 O 6; UC5 captured, 27 Ap 6 —— Blockade declared by Germany, 18 F 5 Submarine Reprisals by England announced, 8 Mh 5; rescinded, 12 Je 5; announced by Germany, 12 Ap 5 Sudan, the: fighting at Beringia, 22 My 6; the British capture El Fasher, 23 My 6 Suez Canal, the 1st attack on the, 2-4 F 5; the 2nd ditto, 22-23 Mh 5; the 3rd ditto, 28 Ap 5; the 4th ditto, 4-5 Au 6 Suffren sunk, 25 N 6 Sultan of Egypt dies, 9 O 7 Surprise, H.M.S., sunk, 23 D 7 Sussex sunk, 24 Mh 6 Sutherland sunk, 2 S 5 Suvla Bay, landing at, 6 Au 5; the Battle of, 6-15 Au 5; the evacuation begins, 8 D 5; is completed, 20 D 5 Swakopmund, occupied by Union troops, 14 Ja 5 Swift, H.M.S. sinks German destroyers, 20 Ap 7 Sydney, H.M.S., destroys the Emden, 9 N 4 Syedlets captured by Germans, 12 Au 5 Syria: see Palestine and Sinai Szent Istvan sunk, 10 Je 8 Tabriz captured by Turks, 9 Ja 5; reoccupied by Russians, 30 Ja 5; by Turks, 14 Je 8 Tagliamento, fighting on the, 28 O-5 N 7 Tahure, the Butte of, captured by Germans, 30 O 5; fighting at, 13 F 8 Taif, surrender of, 23 Jl 6 Talaat Bey becomes Grand Vizier, 5 F 7 Tanga attacked by British, 3-5 N 4; occupied by British, 7 Jl 6 Tank River, fighting on the, 30 Ap 8 Tanks first used, 15 S 6 Tannenberg, the Battle of, 26-29 Au 4 Tarnopol captured by Russians, 23 Au 4; the Battle of, 7-8 S 5; the Germans advance on, 20 Jl 7 Taveta occupied by Germans, 15 Au 4; fighting near, 11 Mh 6 Tekrit, a British victory at, 5 N 7; the British occupy it, 6 N 7 Tempest, Lieut. W. J., destroys a Zeppelin, 1 O 6 Terhand, air-raid on, 9 F 6 Thetis, H.M.S., sunk, 23 Ap 8 Thiaumont, the Germans advance near, 11 Je 6; they storm the Fort, 23 Je 6; the French retake it, 30 Je 6; and advance, 22 Au 6 Thiepval, fighting near, 19 Jl 6, 18-22 Au 6, 26 Au 6, 14 S 6, 28 S 6, 21 O 6, 10 N 6; captured by British, 27 S 6, 24 Au 8 Thilloy captured by British, 28 F 7 Thordis rams a submarine, 28 F 5 Tibati occupied by Allies, 3 N 5 Tiberias occupied by British, 25 S 8 Tirlemont capt. by Germans, 17 Au 4 Tirpitz, Admiral von, resigns, 16 Mh 6 Tisza, Count, resigns, 22 My 7; is assassinated, 31 O 8 Tithonus, H.M.S., sunk, 28 Mh 8 Togoland invaded by Franco-British forces, 8 Au 4 Tornado, H.M.S., sunk, 23 D 7 Torrent, H.M.S., sunk, 23 D 7 Tourcoing, reoccupied by Allies, 18 O 8 Tournai captured by Germans, 24 Au 4; the British reach, 21 O 8; enter it, 8 N 8 Transylvania invaded by Roumanians, 28 Au 6; they occupy Kronstadt, 29 Au 6; Hermanstadt, 1 S 6; and advance, 14 S 6; the Austro-Germans gain the Vulcan Pass, 20 S 6; the Roumanians regain ground there, 26 S 6; and counter-attack, 3 O 6; but retire, 5 O 6; the Austro-Germans retake Kronstadt, 7 O 6; and advance, 8 O 6; the Germans enter Roumania, 13 O 6 Transylvania sunk, 4 My 7 Trebizond, the Russians attack, 3 Ap 6; they capture it, 18 Ap 6; the Turks reoccupy it, 24 F 8 Trent, the Italians enter, 3 N 8 Trentino, the Battle of, 14 My-4 Je 6 Trepoff, M., resigns, 9 Ja 7 Trèves, air-raids on, 17 O 5, 3 Je 7, 22 S 7, 21 Au 8 Trieste, a naval action at, 9 D 7; occupied by Italians, 3 N 8 Tripoli captured by British, 13 O 8 Triumph, H.M.S., sunk, 25 My 5 Trones Wood, fighting at, 9-14 Jl 6 Trotus Valley, fighting in the, 8 Mh 7, 8 Au 7 Tsar of Russia assumes command of the Army, 5 S 5; abdicates, 15 Mh 7 Tsingtau (Kiao-Chau): evacuation demanded by Japanese, 15 Au 4; the blockade begins, 27 Au 4; the Japanese attack, 2 S 4; a British force landed, 24 S 4; bombarded, 31 O 4; captured, 7 N 4 Tubantia sunk, 16 Mh 6 Tulip, H.M.S., sunk, 30 Ap 7 Turkey: declares war on Roumania, 30 Au 6; the Sultan of, dies, 3 Jl 8; signs an Armistice, 30 O 8 Tuscania sunk, 5 F 8 Tutrakan captured by Bulgarians, 6 S 6 Tuz Khartmatli, a British success at, 29 Ap 8 Tuzla captured by Germans and Bulgarians, 21 O 6 Tyrwhitt, Commodore, defeats German naval forces, 10 My 7, 5 Je 7 Tysmienica captured by Russians, 7 Au 6 U-boats: see Submarines Udine captured by Austrians, 29 O 7; the Italians reoccupy it, 3 N 8 Uganda invaded by Germans, 20 N 4 Ujiji captured by Belgians, 3 Au 6 Ukraine: a Russian offensive in the, 4 Je 6; the Govt. demands recognition, 19 D 7; its independence accepted at Brest-Litovsk, 10 Ja 8; the Republic makes peace, 9 F 8; the Germans establish a dictatorship, 1 My 8 Ullswater, H.M.S., sunk, 15 Au 8 Um-el-Hannah, a battle at, 21 Ja 6 Umlej surrenders, 16 Jl 6 Undaunted, H.M.S., sinks German destroyers, 17 O 4 Undine sunk, 7 N 5 United States of America: sends a Note protesting against maritime policy of Great Britain and France, 7 N 5; publishes a Note protesting against British search of mails, 27 Ja 6; presents a Note to Germany, 19 Ap 6; Mr. Wilson is re-elected President, 7 N 6; he sends a Peace Note, 20 D 6; Germany replies, 25 D 6; the Allies reply, 9 Ja 7; breaks off diplomatic relations with Germany, 3 F 7; invites neutral Powers to sever relations with Germany, 4 F 7; refuses to negotiate with Germany, 12 F 7; asks Congress to declare a state of war, 2 Ap 7; the Senate decides for war, 4 Ap 7; the Government ditto, 5 Ap 7; adopts conscription, 28 Ap 7; publishes Mr. Wilson's message to Russia, 10 Je 7; the first troops reach France, 26 Je 7; a conference with British War Cabinet in London, 20 N 7; declares war on Austria, 7 D 7; replies to Germany's Peace overtures, 15 O 8 Unity of Command announced by the Allies at Rapallo, 9 N 7; by Mr. L. George at Paris, 12 N 7 Urmia occupied by Turks, 16 Ap 5 Uruguay severs relations with Germany, 6 O 7 Uskub captured by Bulgarians, 22 O 5; by French, 30 S 8 Valenciennes reoccupied by the Allies, 2 N 8; formal entry by the British, 7 N 8 Valona occupied by the Italians, 26 D 4, 29 My 5 Van captured by Russians, 15 My 5; the Battle of, 4 O 5; reoccupied by Russians, 18 Mh 7 Van Deventer, Gen., apptd. to command in East Africa, 16 My 7 Vanguard, H.M.S., lost, 9 Jl 7 Vardar crossed by French and British, 27 O 5; the Battle of the, 15-30 S 8 Varennes captured by Allies, 26 S 8 Varna bombarded, 27 O 5 Vaux, Fort, the Germans attack, 3 Mh 6; they gain ground at, 1 Ap 6; the French gain ground at, 20 Ap 6; a fresh German attack, 1 Je 6; the fort isolated, 4 Je 6; more German attacks, 6 Je 6; they capture it, 7 Je 6; the French retake it, 2 N 6; the Americans retake the village, 1 Jl 8 Vehement, H.M.S., sunk, 2 Au 8 Veles captured by Bulgarians, 21 O 5; retaken by Serbians, 25 O 5; by Bulgarians, 29 O 5; by Serbians, 25 S 8 Velox, H.M.S., mined, 25 O 5 Venice, air-raids on, 11 Je 6, 25 F 8 Venizelos, M., resigns, 5 O 5; goes to Crete, 25 S 6; forms a Provisional Govt., 29 S 6; becomes Premier, 26 Je 7 Verdun cleared of civilians, 16 F 6; the Battle of, 21 F-1 Jl 6; the French attack at, 24 O-4 N 6, 15-18 D 6; fighting at, 17 Jl 7; the French attack again, 20 Au 7, 25 N 7 Vermelles, a German success near, 11 My 6 Verona, air-raid on, 14 N 5 Versailles, an Allied Conference begins at, 28 O 8 Victoria Nyanza, fighting on, 23 Je 5 Vidzy retaken by Russians, 20 S 5 Ville de Ciotat sunk, 24 D 5 Ville-sur-Ancre captured by Australian troops, 19 My 8 Villers-Bréttoneux captured by Germans, 23 Ap 8; retaken by British, 24 Ap 8 Villers-Guislan captured by British, 18 Ap 7 Vilna capitulates, 18 S 5; fighting near, 25-27 Mh 6, 7 Ap 6 Vimy Bridge, the French attack, 25-29 S 5; fighting on the, 15 My 6, 19 My 6, 21 My 6, 25 My 6; German attacks near, 12 F 6; captured by British, 9 Ap 7 Vindictive, H.M.S., raids Zeebrugge, 23 Ap 8; is sunk off Ostend, 10 My 8 Viribus Unitis sunk, 31 O 8 Vistula crossed by the Germans, 21 Jl 5, 28 Jl 5 Vladimir Volynski captured by Austro-Germans, 5 Au 5 Vladivostok, marines landed at, 5 Ap 8; British troops landed at, 3 Au 8; Japanese troops landed at, 11 Au 8 Vlodava captured by Germans, 15 Au 5 Vranja captured by Bulgarians, 15 O 5 Vulcan Pass carried by Austro-Germans, 20 S 6; the Roumanians regain ground at, 26 S 6 Walfish Bay occupied by Union troops, 25 D 4 Walmer, air-raid on, 20 F 6 War Committee apptd. by British Cabinet, 11 N 5 Warilda sunk, 3 Au 8 Warlencourt captured by British, 25 F 7, 25 Au 8 Warmbad captured by Union troops, 4 Ap 5 Warneford, Lieut., destroys a Zeppelin, 7 Je 5 Warsaw, the 1st battle for, 15-27 O 4; the 2nd ditto, 18 N-28 D 4; the 3rd ditto, 19 Jl-5 Au 5; captured by Austro-Germans, 5 Au 5 Welsh Ridge, the Germans attack, 30 D 7 Wemyss, Adm., succeeds Lord Jellicoe, 26 D 7 Westfalen torpedoed, 19 Au 6 Westminster, the Duke of, rescues prisoners from the Senussi, 17 Mh 6 Whitby bombarded, 16 D 4 Wien sunk, 9 D 7 Wilhelm II. of Germany flies the country, 9 N 8; formally abdicates, 28 N 8 Wilhelmsthal occupied by British, 14 Je 6 Wilson, Sir H., succeeds Sir W. Robertson, 16 F 8 ——, Mr. W., re-elected President, 7 N 6; states his 'fourteen points,' 8 Ja 8 (for 'Notes,' etc., see United States) Windau occupied by Germans, 18 Jl 5 Windhoek captured by Union troops, 12 My 5 'Windsor' adopted by Royal Family, 17 Jl 7 Wolf returns to Germany, 24 F 8 'Wonderwork, the,' stormed by British, 14 S 6 Women's Royal Naval Service formation announced, 28 N 7 Woodfield sunk, 3 N 5 Wulverghem, fighting at, 13-15 Ap 8 Wum Biagas captured by British, 9 O 5 Yarmouth bombarded, 3 N 4, 25 Ap 6, 14 Ja 8; air-raid on, 19 Ja 5 Yarra sunk, 29 My 7 Yorck sunk, 4 N 4 Ypres, the 1st Battle of, 19 O-21 N 4; the 2nd ditto, 22 Ap-24 My 5; a German success near, 14 F 6; a British ditto, 2 Mh 6; fighting at, 2 Je 6, 13 Je 6; the 3rd Battle of, 31 Jl-6 N 7; the 4th ditto, 28-29 S 8 Yser, the Battle of the, 16-30 O 4 —— Canal, German attempts to cross, 12 F 6 Zaimis, M., becomes Premier, 5 O 5; resigns, 4 N 5; becomes Premier again, 22 Je 6; resigns again, 11 S 6; becomes Premier again, 3 My 7; resigns, 23 Je 7 Zeebrugge occupied by Germans, 15 O 4; bombarded by British ships, 23 N 4; by Franco-British squadron, 23 Au 5; air-raids on, 22 Ja 5, 11 F 5, 16 F 5, 1 Ap 5, 18 Mh 6, 20 Mh 6, 10 N 6, 15 N 6, 17 N 6, 28 N 6, 11 D 6, 1 Je 7, 3 Je 7, 12 S 7, 2 My 8, 22 My 8; a naval action off, 7 Ap 7; bombarded by British ships, 12 My 7; a naval raid on (Vindictive), 23 Ap 8; recaptured by Belgians, 19 O 8 Zenta sunk, 16 Au 4 Zeppelin, Count, dies, 8 Mh 7 Zeppelins destroyed: in Belgium by Lieut. Warneford, 7 Je 5; near Brussels, 7 Je 5; near Ostend, 9 Au 5; L19 in the North Sea, 31 Ja 6; near Revigny, 21 F 6; L15 over the Thames, 31 Mh 6; L20 off Norway, 2 My 6; L7 off Schleswig, 4 My 6; near Salonika, 5 My 6; at Cuffley by Lieut. Robinson, 3 S 6; L32 and L33 in Essex, 23 S 6; at Potter's Bar by Lieut. Tempest, 1 O 6; two in the Eastern Counties, 27 N 6; in France, 16 Mh 7; L22 in the North Sea, 15 My 7; L43 in the North Sea, 14 Je 7; one in the SE. of England, 16 Je 7; off Jutland, 21 Au 7; five in France, 19 O 7; off the East Coast, 5 Au 8; in the North Sea, 11 Au 8; off the Frisian coast, 12 Au 8 Zeppelin Raids: on Yarmouth, Cromer, and King's Lynn, 19 Ja 15; on Calais, 21 F 5; ditto, 18 Mh 5; ditto, 28 Mh 5; on the Tyneside, 14 Ap 5; on East Anglia, 15 Ap 5; ditto, 30 Ap 5; on Calais, 16 My 5; on Ramsgate, 17 My 5; on Southend, 26 My 5; on London (the first), 31 My 5; on the East Coast, 4 Je 5; ditto, 6 Je 5; on the North-East Coast, 15 Je 5; on the East Coast, 9 Au 5; ditto, 12 Au 5; ditto, 7 S 5; ditto, and on London, 8 S 5; on London, 12 O 5; ditto, 13 O 5; on Paris, 29 Ja 6; on the Midlands, 31 J a 5; on the North-East Coast, 5 Mh 6; on the East Coast, 31 Mh 6; on the North-East Coast, 1 Ap 6; ditto, and on Scotland, 2 Ap 6; on the Eastern Counties, 4 Ap 6; on the North-East, 5 Ap 6; on the Eastern Counties, 25 Ap 6; on Kent, 26 Ap 6; on the North-East and Scotland, 1 My 6; ditto, 2 My 6; on East Anglia, 29 Jl 6; on the East and South-East, 31 Jl 6; on the Eastern Counties, 2 Au 6; on England, 9 Au 6; on the Eastern Counties, 23 Au 6; ditto, and on London, 24 Au 6; ditto, 3 S 6; ditto, 23 S 6; ditto, 25 S 6; on London, 1 O 6; on England, 27 N 6; on Kent, 16 Mh 7; on East Anglia, 23 My 7; on the South-East, 16 Je 7; on the Yorkshire coast, 21 Au 7; on the North-East, East, and London, 19 O 7; on the Yorkshire coast, 12 Mh 8; on Hartlepool, 13 Mh 8; on the East Coast and Midlands, 12 Ap 8 Zillebeke, Klein, the Germans attack at, 6 N 4, 12 N 4 Zonnebeke, a battle at, 23 O 4; captured by British, 26 S 7 Zubian, H.M.S., 27 O 6 Zulu, H.M.S., damaged, 27 O 6 Zurawno, a battle at, 10 Je 5