VOCABULARY

As this book presupposes a knowledge of elementary grammar, pronouns, numerals, the common prepositions, and modal and auxiliary verbs are not given. Of strong verbs only the vowel change, including the quantity when different from the infinitive, is indicated, unless the verb shows further irregularities. Intransitive verbs that take sein contrary to rule are marked with 's'. The prefix of separable verbs is followed by -. Of nouns only the plural is given, unless they belong to the so-called mixed declension. Compound words whose meaning is readily discernible from the component parts, are not included.

[Transcriber's note: In the original, there are no commas between the German word (printed in bold type) and its English translation in simple definitions. Bold type is usually rendered as ALL CAPS in PG e-texts, but since the meaning of German words can depend on their capitalization (e.g. 'arm' and 'Arm' mean different things) I have added commas instead to make the vocabulary more easily understandable. Short vowels are marked with [s], long vowels with [l]. '-"' is my rendering for a change of a vowel to an umlaut in plural form.]

A

Abend, m. -e evening

Abendrot, n. evening glow

abends, adv. in the evening

Abendschein, m. evening light or glow

ab-fallen, ie, a; ä, intr. fall off

Abgrund, m. -"e abyss

ab-kehren, refl. turn away

ab-leiten, tr. lead aside

ab-messen, a[l], e; i, tr. measure off

ab-nehmen, a, omm; imm, tr. take off

ab-reisen, intr. leave on a journey

Abschied, m. departure, farewell

ab-schmeicheln, tr. obtain by flattery

ab-streifen, tr. slip off

ab-zählen, tr. count off

ach, alas, ah

achten, tr. heed, care for (poet. with gen.)

acht-geben, a, e; i, intr. give heed

ächzen, intr. groan

Ade, n. farewell

Ader, f. -n vein, blood vessel

ahnen, tr. and intr. divine, have a foreboding of

ahnungsvoll, full of sweet foreboding; ominous

Ähre, f. -n ear of grain

Ährenfeld, n. -er field of ripening grain

All, n. the universe; entirety, unison

allda, there

allzu, adv. (in compounds) much too, all too

Alpe, f. -n the Alps

alt, old

Alter, n. — age

Altersschwäche, f. senility, weakness of old age

Amme, f. -n nurse

Amselschlag, m. song of the Amsel (kind of blackbird)

an-beten, tr. worship

an-blicken, tr. look at

an-brechen, a[l], o; i, intr. dawn, break

andächtig, devout

an-fangen, i, a; ä, tr. begin

an-fassen, tr. catch hold of, seize

an-gehen, ging, gegangen intr. be possible

Angel, m., f. -s, -n fishhook

Angesicht, n. -er face, countenance

Angst, f. -"e fear, anguish

ängsten, ängstigen, tr. cause fear, frighten; refl. be afraid

an-halten, ie, a; ä, tr. stop; intr. last

an-klagen, tr. accuse

an-klingen, a, u, intr. begin sounding

an-legen, tr. put on, don

an-rufen, ie, u, tr. implore, call upon

an-schauen, tr. look at, gaze at

an-sehen, a, e; ie, tr. look at

an-stimmen, tr. strike up or start (a song)

an-stoßen, ie, o; ö, tr. strike, knock against; clink glasses

Antlitz, n. -e face, countenance

Antwort, f. -en answer

an-vertrauen, tr. intrust

an-wehen, tr. blow or breathe upon

an-wenden, reg. or wandte, gewandt, tr. use, employ

Apfel, m. -" apple

Arbeit, f. -en work, labor

Ärger, m. vexation, anger

arm, poor

Arm, m. -e arm

Art, f. -en kind, type

Arzt, m. -"e physician

Asche, f. -n ashes

Asien, Asia

Ast, m. -"e branch

Atem, m. respiration, breath

atemlos, breathless

Atemzug, m. -"e breath, respiration

Äther, m. ether (i.e., the blue heavens)

atmen, intr. and tr. breathe

aufbauen, tr. build up, erect

aufdecken, tr. uncover, lay bare; raise, lift

aufdonnern, tr. dress ostentatiously

Aufenthalt, m. -e abode

auferziehen, erzog, erzogen, tr. bring up, rear

auffangen, i, a; ä, tr. catch, capture, receive

auffinden, a, u, tr. find, discover

aufhangen, i, a, tr. suspend, hang up

aufheben, o, o, tr. pick up, raise

auffassen, tr. snatch up; refl. rise quickly

aufrecht, upright, erect

aufreichen, intr. reach upward

aufrichtig, honest

aufschlagen, u, a; ä, tr. open (a book)

aufschweben, intr. soar up

aufspringen, a, u, intr. spring up, jump up

aufstehen, stand, gestanden, intr. arise, get up

aufsteigen, ie, ie, intr. rise upward, ascend

auftauchen, intr. rise up. emerge from (the water)

auftürmen, tr. pile up; aufgetürmt towering

aufwärts, upward

Auge, n. -s, -n eye

aus-blicken, intr. look out

aus-brennen, brannte, gebrannt, intr. cease burning or glowing, burn out

aus-graben, u, a; ä, tr. dig out

aus-klingen, a, u, intr. cease sounding

aus-löschen, o, o; i, intr. be extinguished, go out

aus-machen, tr. settle

aus-rufen, ie, u, tr. call out, cry out

aus-ruhen, intr. rest; ausgeruht haben be rested

aus-schauen, intr. look out

aus-singen, a, u, intr. cease or finish singing

aus-spannen, tr. stretch out, spread

aus-steigen, ie, ie, intr. get out, disembark

aus-strecken, tr. stretch out, prostrate

aus-ziehen, zog, gezogen, tr. undress; take off, pull off

B

Bach, m. -"e brook

baden, tr. and intr. (refl.) bathe

Bahn, f. -en path, track

bald, soon; — … — now … now

Band, m. -"e volume

Band, n. -"er ribbon

Band, n. -e bond, fetter

bang, fearful, afraid

bangen, intr. yearn

Bank, f. -"e bench

bannen, tr. charm, drive away

Banner, n. — banner

Barke, f. -n barque

Bart, m. -"e beard

Bau, m. -s, -ten structure, building

Bauch, m. -"e belly, paunch

Bauer, m. -s and -n, -n farmer

Baum, m. -"e tree

bäumen, refl. rear, prance

beben, intr. tremble, shake

Becher, m. — cup, goblet

Beckenschlag, m. -"e clang of cymbals

bedecken, tr. cover

bedeuten, tr. mean, portend

Bedeutung, f. -en meaning

bedrohen, tr. threaten, menace

bedrücken, tr. oppress

beengen, tr. narrow in, oppress

beerdigen, tr. bury

Beet, n. -e bed (in a garden)

befragen, tr. question

befreien, tr. free, liberate

befreundet, friendly

begegnen, intr. meet, pass

Begier, f. desire

beginnen, a, o, tr. begin

beglänzen, tr. illumine, cover with radiance

begleiten, tr. accompany

Begleiter, m. — one who accompanies a person, companion

beglücken, tr. make happy, bless with happiness

begraben, u, a; a[s], tr. bury

begrenzen, tr. confine, limit

Behagen, n. content, delight

behalten, ie, a; a[s], tr. retain, keep; das Wort — keep on speaking

Beharrung, f. perseverance, continuance

behend(e), nimble, agile

beherzt, courageous, daring

Bein, n. -e leg

beinern, bony, skeleton

beisammen, together

bekämpfen, tr. combat, resist

bekennen, bekannte, bekannt, tr. confess

beklommen, oppressed

bellen, intr. bark

bemessen, a[l], e; i, tr. measure

benebeln, tr. cover with fog; p.p. befuddled, drunk, made drowsy

bereit, ready, prepared

bereiten, tr. prepare

Berg, m. -e mountain

bergen, a, o; i, tr. hide, shelter

Bergeshang, m. -"e mountain slope

Bergesrand, m. -"er edge or side of a mountain or hill.

Bergesrücken, m. — mountain ridge or crest

bersten, a (o), o; i, intr. burst, explode

beruhigen, tr. calm

berühren, tr. touch

besänftigen, tr. assuage

beschatten, tr. cast a shadow on, shade

beschauen, tr. view, look at

Bescheid, m. -e answer, response; — trinken pledge (i.e., answer to a toast)

bescheiden, ie, ie, tr. apportion, allot, destine; refl. moderate oneself, resign oneself to one's fate

Bescheiden, n. moderation, content, resignation

bescheinen, ie, ie, tr. illumine, shine upon

beschleichen, i[s], i[s], tr. steal upon

beschmutzen, tr. make dirty, sully

Beschützer, m. — protector

besiegen, tr. overcome, conquer

besingen, a, u, tr. sing about, praise in song

Besinnung, f. consciousness, reflection; — raubend robbing one of the power of reflection, sense destroying

besinnungslos, unconscious

Besitz, m. possession

besitzen, besaß, besessen, tr. possess

bespiegeln, refl. gaze at oneself in a glass

besprechen, a[l], o; i, tr. charm by magic words

besser, better

bestehen, bestand, bestanden, (in), intr. consist (of)

bestellen, tr. order, give a message

bestrahlen, tr. shine upon, illumine

beten, intr. pray

betören, tr. beguile, delude

betrügen, o, o, tr. deceive

Bett(e), n. -es, -en bed

Bettelkind, n. -er beggar child

betteln, tr. beg

Bettler, m. — beggar

beugen, tr. and refl. bend, bow

bewachen, tr. guard, watch over

bewahren, tr. guard, keep

bewegen, tr. move, stir, agitate

beweinen, tr. lament, weep for

bewußt, conscious of

bezeigen, tr. and refl. show manifest

biegen, o, o, tr. and refl. bend

Biene, f. -n bee

Bier, n. -e beer

Bild, n. -er picture; image

bilden, tr. form

binden, a, u, tr. bind, tie

Birne, f. -n pear

Bitte, f. -n request, prayer

blähen, tr cause to bloat, distend

blank, shining, bright

blasen, ie, a; ä, tr. and intr. blow

blaß, pale

Blatt, n. -"er leaf

blau, blue, azure; im Blauen in the azure blue

Blau, n. azure of the sky

Bläue, f. blueness, azure

blauen, intr. appear blue, become blue

bleiben, ie, ie, intr. (s) remain

bleich, pale

blenden, tr. blind, dazzle

Blick, m. -e glance, look

blicken, intr. look, gaze

blinken, intr. gleam, glisten

Blitz, m. -e lightning, flash of lightning

blitzen, intr. flash, gleam

Blitzesschlag, m. -"e stroke of lightning

blond, blonde, fair

blühen, intr. blossom, bloom; blühend in the bloom of life

Blume, f. -n flower

Blumengesicht, n. -er blossom face

Blumengewind, n. -e wreath of flowers

Blut, m. blood

Blüte, f. -n blossom

bluten, intr. bleed

Blütendampf, m. -"e odor of blossoms (Dampf steam, vapor)

blütenreich, rich in blossoms, full of blossoms

Blütenschimmer, m. — shimmer of blossoms

blutig, bloody

Blutstrahl, m. -s, -en stream of blood

Boden, m. soil, ground; space below the rafters

Bodenluke, f. -n trapdoor opening into the attic

Bogen, m. bow, arch

Bombardon, n. bombardon

Boot, n. -e and Böte boat

Born, m. -e fount, spring

böse, evil, wicked

Bösewicht, m. -er rascal, wrong doer

brauchen, tr. use, need, be in need of (with genitive)

brauen, tr. and intr. brew, ferment

braun, brown

brausen, intr. roar

Brautfest, n. -e bridal festival

brechen, a[l], o; i, tr. break; pick (eine Blume); das Auge bricht the eye grows dim in death

brennen, brannte, gebrannt, intr. burn

Brot, n. -e bread

Brücke, f. -n bridge

Bruder, m. -" brother

Brudergruß, m. -"e brotherly greeting

Brunnen, m. — well, fountain, spring

Brust, f. -"e breast

Brut, f. -en brood

Bube, m. -n knave, boy, fellow

Buch, n. -"er book

Buche, f. -n beech

buchendunkel, dark with beeches

Bucht, f. -en bay

Buhle, f. -n sweetheart; m. lover

Buhler, m. — lover, wooer

Bühne, f. -n stage

bunt, of various colors

Bursche, m. -en (-e) fellow, youth, boy

Busch, m. -"e shrub, bush

Busen, m. — bosom

C

Chor, m. -"e chorus, choir

christlich, Christian

Christus, m. -i, -o, -um Christ

D

Dach, n. -"er roof

Dachgestühl(e), n. -e rafters

daheim, at home

dahin, thither

dahin-strecken, tr. stretch out

damit, with it or them

dämmern, intr. spread a feeble light (used of the coming of dawn or dusk)

Dämmerschein, m. -e twilight

dämm(e)rig, dusky

Dämmerung, f. twilight, dawn

dämpfen, tr. subdue

Dank, m. thanks, gratitude; zu — so as to merit thanks or meet approval

daran, at it, beside it

darben, intr. suffer want

dar-bieten, o, o, tr. offer

dar-bringen, brachte, gebracht, tr. offer, present, sacrifice

darob, on that account

darüber-gehen, ging, gegangen, intr. surpass; es geht mir nichts darüber, I prize nothing more highly

da-sein, intr. be present

Dasein, n. existence

da-stehen, stand, gestanden, intr. be or stand there

dauern, intr. last, endure, continue

dazu, besides

dazwischen, in between

Decke, f. -n covering, blanket; ceiling, roof

decken, tr. cover

Degen, m. — sword

Degenknauf, m. -"e pommel of the sword's hilt

Deingedenken, n. thinking of you

Demut, f. humility

denken, dachte, gedacht, tr. think; jemandes or an jemanden — think of someone

dereinst, some (future) day, in days to come

derweil, the while that (archaic for während while)

deutsch, German

dicht, dense, close

dichten, tr. compose or create in poetry; im Leben oder Dichten in life or verse

Dichter, m. — poet

dick, thick, fat, plump

dienen, intr. (with dat.) serve

Dienst, m. -e service; ich bin zu — I am at your service

Dirne, f. -n lass, girl

Distel, f. -n thistle

Donner, m. — thunder

donnern, intr. thunder

Donnerkeule, f. -n thunder club

doppelt, double, twofold

Dorf, n. -"er village

dort, there, yonder

Drache, m. -n dragon

drall, buxom

drängen, tr. press

draus, daraus, out of, therefrom

draußen, outside, without

drehen, tr. turn

drein- (or darein-) blicken, intr.

drein-schauen, look on

dreist, bold

dringen, a, u, intr. press, penetrate; in jemanden — importune

drinnen, within

droben, up there

dröhnen, intr. reverberate

Drossel, f. -n thrush

drüben, yonder

drücken, tr. press

drunten, down below, down there

Duft, m. -"e odor, fragrance; haze

duften, intr. be fragrant, spread fragrance

duftig, fragrant; hazy, airy

dulden, tr. bear, tolerate

dumpf, dull, hollow (of sound)

dumpfbrausend, with a hollow roar

dunkel, dark

dunkeln, intr. grow dark

dünn, thin

durchbeben, tr. throb through

durchdringen, a, u, tr. penetrate

durcheilen, tr. hasten or pass through quickly

durchstreichen, i[s], i[s], tr. ramble, roam through

durchwandeln, tr. wander through

dürftig, scanty, sparse

dürr, withered, dry

Durst, m. thirst

Dursteswut, f. rage of thirst

durstüberquält, overtortured by thirst

düster, dark, gloomy

Düster, n. gloom, darkness

düsterrot, gloomy red

E

eben, for soeben just

echt, genuine, real

Ecke, f. -n corner

edel, noble

Efeu, m., n. ivy

ehe, before

Ehre, f. -n honor

Ehrenkreuz, n. -e cross of honor

Eiche, f. -n oak

eigen, peculiar

Eigentum, n. -"er possession

eilig, hasty, hurried

ein-fallen, ie, a; ä, intr. interrupt

ein-kehren, intr. enter, turn in

ein-läuten, tr. ring in

ein-legen, tr. lay or put in; ein-gelegte Ruder oars dipped into the water

einmal, once (upon a time)

einsam, lonely, alone

ein-scharren, tr. bury hurriedly (scharren = scrape, scratch)

ein-schenken, tr. pour in or out; Wein — fill the glasses with wine

ein-schlafen, ie, a; ä, intr. fall asleep

ein-schlummern, intr. fall asleep; wieder — return to slumber

einst, sometime, once upon a time

ein-steigen, ie, ie, intr. get in

einstmals, once upon a time

eintönig, monotonous

ein-treten, a, e; tritt, intr. enter

einzeln, single

einzig, single, unique, only

Eis, n. ice

Eisen, n. — iron

elend, wretched

Elfe, f. -n elf

empfangen, i, a; ä, tr. receive

empfinden, a, u, tr. feel

empor, upward

Ende, n. -s, -n end; an allen -n everywhere; am — finally

enden, intr. end, stop

Engelland = England, n. England

englisch, English

entbrennen, entbrannte (entbrennte), entbrannt, intr. start to burn or to glow

entdecken, tr. discover

entfachen, tr. enkindle

entfahren, u, a; a, intr. escape, slip from

entfärben, tr. decolorate; refl. lose color, fade

entfernen, tr. remove; refl. withdraw

entfliehen, o, o, intr. escape

entgegen-ragen, intr. project or loom up against

entgelten, a, o; i, tr. suffer or atone for

entkleiden, tr. and refl. undress

entlang, (prep. with acc.) along

entlegen, distant, far off

Entsagung, f. -en renunciation

entschlafen, ie, a; ä, intr. go to sleep

entschleiern, tr. unveil

entschweben, intr. soar away

Entsetzen, n. terror

entspringen, a, u, intr. escape

entstellen, tr. disfigure

entzwei-springen, a, u, intr. burst asunder

Erbe, m. -n heir

erblassen, intr. turn pale, die

erbleichen, i[s], i[s], intr. turn pale

erblicken, tr. catch sight of

erdbeschmutzt, "earth sullied," covered with earth

Erde, f. -n earth

erdenken, erdachte, erdacht, tr. devise, invent

erfahren, u, a; ä, tr. experience, learn

erfinden, a, u, tr. invent (archaic for finden find)

erfreulich, joyful, pleasing; — sein be a thing of joy

ergießen, o[s], o[s], tr. pour forth, shed

erglänzen, intr. shine forth

ergötzlich, amusing

ergreifen, iff, iff, tr. seize, grasp

erhalten, ie, a; ä, tr. preserve, keep; receive

erheben, o, o, tr. raise, uplift; refl. rise

Erinnerung, f. -en memory, remembrance

erkalten, intr. grow cool

erkennen, erkannte, erkannt, tr. recognize

erklingen, a, u, intr. resound

erlernen, tr. learn

erlesen, a, e; ie, tr. choose

erleuchten, tr. illumine

erliegen, a, e, intr. succumb, be defeated

erlöschen, o, o; i, intr. go out, be extinguished

ermatten, intr. grow weary

ermüden, intr. grow tired

ernst, earnest, serious

Ernst, m. earnestness, seriousness

Ernte, f. -n harvest

erquicken, tr. refresh

Erquickung, f. -en refreshment

erreichen, tr. reach, attain

erschallen, weak or o, o, intr. resound, ring out

erscheinen, ie, ie, intr. appear

erschlagen, u, a; ä, tr. slay, kill

erschrecken, a[l], o; i, intr. be terrified or frightened

erschwingen, a, u, refl. take wing or flight

erstarren, intr. grow numb, be paralyzed, turn rigid

erstechen, a[l], o; i, tr. kill by stabbing, stab or run through with a knife or sword

ersteigen, ie, ie, tr. climb

ersticken, tr. and intr. smother, choke, suffocate

erwachen, intr. awaken

erwählen, tr. choose

erwarten, tr. await, wait for

erweisen, ie, ie, tr. prove; render, bestow upon

erweiten, tr. and refl. widen, expand, grow

Erz, n. -e ore, metal, bronze

erzählen, tr. tell, relate

essen, aß, gegessen; ißt, tr. eat

ewig, eternal

Ewigkeit, f. -en eternity

F

fachen, tr. fan, kindle

Fackel, f. -n torch

Fahne, f. -n flag

fahren, u, a; ä, intr. move, journey, go

fallen, ie, a; ä, intr. fall, drop; etwas fällt jemandem in die Augen something strikes one's gaze

falten, tr. fold

Falter, m. — butterfly

fangen, i, a; ä, tr. catch, capture

Farbe, f. -n color

fassen, tr. grasp, take hold of, seize, understand

fast, almost

Faust, f. -"e fist

Fehl, m. -e wrong, guilt, blemish

Feier, f. -n festal celebration

feierlich, festal, solemn

feiern, intr. rest (from one's labor)

feig, cowardly

fein, fine, delicate, fair

Feind, m. -e enemy

Feld, n. -er field

Fels, m. -ens, -en rock, cliff

Felsenbank, f. *e bench of rock

Felsenriff, n. -e reef

Felsenschlucht, f. -en rocky ravine

felsig, rocky

Felswand, f. -"e wall of rock, precipice

Fenster, n. — window

Ferge, m. -n ferryman

fern, far, distant; (with dat.) far from

Ferne, f. -n distance

fernher, from afar

fernhin, far off

Fest, n. -e festival, celebration

fest(e), firm, fast

fest-halten, ie, a; ä, tr. hold (firmly)

feucht, moist, wet

Feuer, n. — fire

Feuerleiter, f. -n fire ladder

feurig, fiery, ardent

Fichte, f. -n pine

Fieber, n. — fever

fieberwild, wild or raging with fever

finden, a, u, tr. find

finster, dark, gloomy

Finsternis, f. -isse darkness

Firn, m. -e last year's snow; mountains topped with perpetual snow

Firneschein, m. — glow of the snow-capped mountains

Fisch, m. -e fish

fischen, tr. fish

Fischer, m. — fisherman

flach, flat, level

flämisch, Flemish

Flamme, f. -n flame

flattern, intr. flutter

flechten, o, o; i, tr. braid, plait, intertwine

flehen, intr. beseech, implore, pray (um etwas for something)

fleißig, industrious, busy

fliegen, o, o, intr. fly

fliehen, o, o, intr. flee; tr. flee from

fließen, o[l], o[l], intr. flow

flimmern, intr. glitter, glimmer

Flinte, f. -n gun, rifle

flirren, intr. vibrate

Flitter, m. — spangle, tinsel; empty pomp

Flor, m. veil

Flötist, m. -en flute player

Fluch, m. -"e curse

flüchtig, fleeting, fleeing

Flug, m. -"e flight

Flügel, m. — wing, pinion

Flügelschlag, m. -"e flap or beat of the wings

Flügelwehn, n. wafting of wings

Flur, f. -en field, plain

Fluß, m. -"e river

flußüberwärts, across the river

flüstern, intr. whisper

Flüsterwort, n. -e whispered word

Flut, f. -en flood

fluten, intr. stream, surge

Flutengrab, n. -"er grave beneath the water

fodern = fordern, tr. demand

Föhn, m. -e south wind

folgen, intr. (with dat.) follow

fördern, tr. advance, hasten

Form, f. -en form

Forschbegierde, f. desire to learn or investigate

forschen, intr. inquire into, search

fort, adv. away; sep. pref. (1) with verbs expressing a change of place away, e.g., fortziehen journey away, depart; forttragen carry away; (2) on, to continue to, e.g., fortsingen keep on singing, continue to sing

fort und fort, on and on

fragen, tr. ask

Frager, m. — questioner

frank, frank

Frankreich, n. France

Frau, f. -en woman, wife, Mrs.

Fräulein, n. — Miss, unmarried young lady, (archaic) young lady of rank

frech, insolent, audacious

frei, free

freigeben, a, e; i, tr. set free, release

Freiheit, f. -en freedom, liberty

fremd, foreign, alien, strange

Fremdling, m. -e stranger

Freude, f. -n joy

Freudenrechnung, f. -en account of joys

freudig, joyful

freuen, refl. rejoice, be happy; tr. make rejoice, make happy

Freund, m. -e friend

freundlich, friendly, kindly

Frevel, m. — outrage, wrong

freventlich, outrageous, nefarious

Friede, m. -ens peace

Friedenswunder, n. — miracle of peace, peaceful miracle

friedfertig, peaceful

friedlich, peaceful

froh, merry; (with gen.) happy in

fröhlich, joyful, glad

fromm, pious, reverend, Godfearing

frommen, intr. (with dat.) be useful, avail or profit

Frucht, f. -"e grain, fruit

früh, early

Frühe, f. dawn, early morning

Frühling, m. -e spring

Frühstück, n. -e breakfast

fühlen, tr. and intr. (refl.) feel

führen, tr. lead; einen Schlag — deal a blow

Führer, m. — leader, guide

füllen, tr. fill

funkeln, intr. sparkle

Funken, m. — spark

furchtbar, terrible

fürder, onward

fürsichtig = vorsichtig, prudent, cautious

Fuß, m. -"e foot

Fußgestell, n. -e pedestal

G

Gabe, f. -n gift

Gang, m. -"e course

ganz, whole, entire

gänzlich, entire

gar, very, utterly

Garbe, f. -n sheaf

Garten, m. -" garden

Gasse, f. -n narrow street

Gast, m. -"e guest

Gastfreund, m. -e person connected with another by ties of hospitable friendship

gastlich, hospitable

Gaul, m. -"e horse of inferior breed, nag

Gazelle, f. -n gazelle

Gebein, n. (collective) — bones, frame

Gebell, n. barking

geben, a, e; i, tr. give

Gebet, n. -e prayer

Gebrüll, n. roar, roaring

Gedanke, m. -n thought

gedankenvoll, full of thought, absorbed in thought

gedrang, narrow (from drängen)

Gedränge, n. — throng, surging crowd

Gedröhne, n. — resounding or sonorous pealing

geduldig, patient

gefährden, tr. endanger

gefallen, ie, a; ä, intr. please; es gefällt mir I like it

Gefieder, n. — plumage

Gefild(e), n. -e field

Geflügel, n. birds, winged creatures

geflügelt, winged

gefrieren, o, o, intr. freeze, congeal

Gefühl, n. -e feeling, emotion

Gefunkel, n. sparkling, glittering

Gegend, f. -en region, country

gegenwärtig, present

geheim, secret

Geheimnis, n. -isse secret

gehen, ging, gegangen, intr. go

geheuer, (only with negative nicht) uncanny

Geier, m. — vulture

Geierflug, m. -"e flight of vultures

Geißel, f. -n scourge, lash

Geist, m. -er spirit, ghost, phantom

geistern, intr. spook

Gelände, n. — open fields

gelassen, calm, gentle

Geläut(e), n. -e set of bells, chime; ringing, pealing (of bells)

Geliebter, m. Geliebte, f. beloved, lover, sweetheart

gelinde, gentle, mild, soft

gellen, intr. sound shrill

geloben, tr. promise, vow

gelten, a, o; i, intr. be valid, be worth; concern; es gilt mir it is for me; es gilt uns heut zu rühren our duty to-day is etc.

Gemach, n. -"er room, chamber

gemachsam, adv. leisurely

Gemahl, n. spouse, consort

Gemüt, n. -er feeling, soul, heart

genau, exact

genießen, *, *, tr. enjoy

Genoß or Genosse, m. -n companion

Genüge, f. sufficiency, content

genügen, intr. suffice

genüg(e)sam content

Geräusch n. -e noise

gerecht, just

Gericht, n. -e judgment; tribunal

Gerippe, n. — skeleton

gerne, adv. gladly; (with verb) like to

Gesang, m. -"e song

geschehen, a, e; ie, (s) intr. happen

Geschichte, f. -n story

Geschlecht, n. -er generation; race

Geschmeide, n. — jewelry

Geschrei, n. cry, shout

Geschwader, n. — squadron

geschwind, quick, swift

Geschwister, n. pl. brother(s) and sister(s); n. sing. (rare) sister

Geselle, m. -n journeyman, fellow, youth

gesellen, tr. and refl. join, ally; dicht gesellt closely together

Gesetz, n. -e law

Gesicht, n. -er face

Gesinde, n. servants

Gespenst, n. -er phantom, ghost

Gestalt, f. -en form, figure

gestehen, gestand, gestanden, tr. confess

Gestein, n. -e large rocks or stones; stony debris or ruins

Gestirn, n. -e star

Gesträuch, n. -e shrubs, bushes

gesund, healthy

Gesundheit, f. -en health

Getrabe, n. trotting

getreu, faithful

getrost, confident

Gewächs, n. -e plant

gewaffnet, armed

gewähren, tr. grant

Gewalt, f. -en force, violence

gewaltig, powerful, mighty

Gewand, n. -"er garment, robe

Gewerbe, n. — profession, trade

gewichtig, weighty, momentous

Gewimmel, n. crowd, crush, throng

gewinnen, a, o, tr. win, gain

Gewissen, n. — conscience

Gewitter, n. — thunderstorm

gewogen, kindly disposed to

gewohnt, accustomed

Gewölbe, n. — vault

Gewühle, n. tumult, throng

Gezelt, n. -e (poet for Zelt) tent

gießen, o[s], o[s], tr. pour

giftgeschwollen, swollen by poison, venom filled

Gipfel, m. — top (mountain top)

Gitter, n. — lattice, grating, screen

Glanz, m. splendor

glänzen, intr. shine, gleam

Glas, n. -"er glass

glatt, smooth

Glaube, m. -ns, -n faith, belief

glauben, tr. and intr. believe

gleich, like (with dat.); ein gleiches another

gleich, for sogleich at once

gleichen, i[s], i[s], intr. (with dat.) be similar or like

gleichgeschwungen, having an equal swing

gleiten, itt, itt, intr. glide

Glied, n. -er limb; ins — treten fall into line

glimmen, o, o, intr. glimmer, glow

Glocke, f. -n bell

Glück, n. fortune, happiness

glücklich, fortunate, happy

glühen, intr. glow

Glut, f. -en glow, fire

Gnade, f. -n mercy, grace

gnaden, intr. (with dat.) be merciful to

Gold, n. gold

golden, gold

Goldorange, f. -n golden orange

gönnen, tr. not begrudge, be willing to let have

gotisch, Gothic

Gott, m. -"er God

Götterfreund, m. -e friend of the gods (i.e., beloved by the gods)

Gottesmagd, f. -"e maiden of God

Gottheit, f. -en divinity, God

Grab, n. -"er grave; zu Grabe bringen bury

graben, u, a ä, tr. dig

Graben, m.; -" ditch, moat

Gräbergraber, m. — grave digger

Grabesruh(e), f. peace of the grave

Grad, m. -e degree

Gram, m. woe, grief

Gras, n. -"er grass

grasen, intr. graze

grau, gray

grauen, turn gray; es graut it dawns

Grauen, n. horror, awe; süßes Graun thrills of mysterious sweet awe

grauenvoll, full of horror, appalling

graulicht, grayish

graus, horrible, dreadful

Graus, m. horror

grausen, intr. have a feeling of horror; mir graus(e)t I shudder

Greis, m. -e aged man

Grenadier, m. -e grenadier

Grenze, f. -n limit, border

Grieche, m. -n Greek

Griechenland, n. Greece

Grille, f. -n cricket

grinsen, intr. grin

Groom, m. groom (English)

groß, large, big, great

Gruft, f. -"e tomb, grave, cavern

grün, green

Grund, m. -"e bottom, earth, ground

grünen, intr. grow, flourish

Gruß, m. -"e greeting

grüßen, tr. greet; seid mir gegrüßt I greet you; — lassen send greetings

gülden, golden

Gunsft, f. favor, good will, kindness

gut, good; es gut haben fare well

Güte, f. goodness

H

Haar, n. -e hair

Habe, f. possessions, belongings; mein Hab' und Gut all I have and own

Habsucht, f. avarice

Hafen, m. -" harbor, port

haften, intr. cling

Hag, m. -e hedge; wood, grove

Hahn, m. -"e cock, rooster

Hain, m. -e (poet.) grove

halb, half

Halle, f. -n hall

hallen, intr. resound

Halm, m. -e stalk of grain or grass

Hals, m. -"e throat

halten, ie, a; ä, tr. hold, contain; celebrate; intr. stop, halt

Hand, f. -"e hand

hangen, i, a; ä, intr. hang, cling

Harfe, f. -n harp

Harfenspieler, m. — harp player, minstrel

Harmonie, f. -en harmony

harren, intr. wait, tarry

hart, hard

Hast, f. haste, hurry

Hauch, m. -e breath

hauchen, intr. breathe

hauen, hieb, gehauen, tr. hew, strike

Haupt, n. -"er head

Hauptmann, m., pl. -leute captain

Haus, n. -"er house

heben, o (u), o, tr. raise

Heer, n. -e army

heften, tr. fasten, attach

heftig, violent

hegen, tr. cherish, protect

hehr, high, noble, lofty

hei, hurrah! hey!

Heide, f. -n heath; heather

Heiland, m. Savior

heilig, holy, sacred

Heiligkeit, f. sacredness, holiness

Heimat, f. -en home

Heimatflur, f. -en home, native fields

heimatlich, homelike

heim-bringen, brachte, gebracht, tr. bring home

Heimchen, n. — cricket

heim-gehen, ging, gegangen, intr. go home; die

heim-kehren, intr. return home

heimlich, secret

Heimlichkeit, f. -en secrecy

heiraten, tr. marry

heiß, hot

heißen, ie, ei, tr. name, call; intr. be called; ich heiße my name is

Heiterkeit, f. -en cheer, cheerfulness

Held, m. -en hero

helfen, a, o; i, intr. help

Helikon, n. helicon

hell, bright, clear

her, hither

herab, down, down from

heran, hither, up to

heran-kommen, a[s], o, intr. approach

herauf, up here, upward

herauf-klimmen, o, o; intr. climb upward

herb, harsh, bitter, acrid

herbei, hither

Herbst, m. -e autumn, fall

Herd, m. -e hearth

Herde, f. -n herd

Herdgetön, n. chime of herds

herein, in here, into, in

herfür = hervor

hernieder, down

hernieder-lachen, intr. laugh down from on high

Herr, m. -en master; gentleman; (in address Sir; with name Mr.); the Lord

herrlich, glorious, splendid

herunter, down, downward

herunter-steigen, ie, ie, intr. descend

hervor, forth, forth from

hervor-rauschen, intr. come forth or emerge from with a rustling sound

Herz, n., gen. -ens, dat. -en, pl. -en heart

herzlieb, very dear or lovable

Herzliebchen, n. — sweetheart

Herzog, m. -e duke

Heu, n. hay

heulen, intr. howl

heute, to-day

heutig, adj. from heute; am heutigen Tag on this day

Himmel, m. — sky, the heavens; Heaven

himmelan, heavenward

himmlisch, heavenly

hin, along, thither, toward

hinab, down, downward

hinauf, up, upward

hinaus, out, hence; — über with acc. beyond

hinein, into, in; — in (with acc.) or zu — into

Hintergrund, m. -"e background

hinüber, over, across

hinunter, down

hinunter-spülen, tr. wash or rinse down

hinzu-setzen, tr. add

Hirsch, m. -e deer

Hirt, m. -en herdsman, shepherd

hoch, high

hochgetürmt, high towering

hochüber, across on high

Hochzeit, f. -en wedding

Hof, m. *e yard, court, home

hoffen, tr. and intr. hope; (auf for)

Hoffnung, f. -en hope

Höfling, m. -e courtier

Höhe, f. -n height

höhen, tr. heighten.

hohl, hollow

Höhle, f. -n cave, cavern

hold, gracious, fair, sweet

holländisch, Dutch

Hölle, f. -n Hell

Höllenschein, m. infernal light or glow

horchen, intr. listen, hearken

hören, tr. hear

Hörer, m. — listener

Horn, n. -"er horn

hüben, on this side

hübsch, pretty

Huf, m. -e hoof

Hügel, m. — hill

huldigen, intr. do homage to

Hülle, f. -n wrap, covering

Hund, m. -e dog

hungrig, hungry

husch!, hush! 'sh!

Hut, m. -"e hat

Hütte, f. -n hut, cottage

Hymnus, m. chant, solemn song

I

immer, always

immerdar, always, forever

immerhin, at all events

inbrünstiglich, fervent, ardent

inmitten, in the midst of

inner, inner, interior

innerlich, inward, within

innig, fervent, heartfelt

Insel, f. -n island

irdisch, earthly, of this world

irgend ein, any

irr, confused; erring

irren, intr. and refl. err, go astray

J

jagen, tr. hunt

Jäger, m. — hunter

Jahr, n. -e year

Jammer, m. lament, distress

jammern, intr. lament, moan, wail

jauchzen, intr. cry out with joy, exult

je, ever

jetzt, now

jetzo, jetzund old forms for jetzt

Joch, n. -e yoke

Johanneswürmchen, n. — glow-worm

Jugend, f. youth

jung, young

Junge, m. (adj. used as a noun) boy, swain

Jungfrau, f. -en maiden

Jüngling, m. -e young man, youth

Juni, m. June

Junker, m. — squire

just, by chance

K

kahl, bare, bald

Kahn, m. -"e boat

Kaiser, m. — emperor

Kamerad, m. -en comrade

Kamm, m. -"e comb

kämmen, tr. comb

Kammer, f. -n chamber, room

Kampf, m. -"e battle, contest

Kanone, f. -n cannon

Kapelle, f. -n chapel

Kapuze, f. -n cap, hood, cowl

karg, sparse, meager

Kasten, m. -" box

kaum, hardly, barely

keck, bold

Kehle, f. -n throat

kehren, tr. and intr. (refl.) turn, return

Kelch, m. -e calyx, cup

kennen, kannte, gekannt, tr. know

Kerze, f. -n candle

kerzenhell, made bright by candles

Kette, f. -n chain

keuchen, intr. gasp, breathe with difficulty

kichern, intr. laugh softly, chuckle

Kind, n. -er child (In many compounds Kinder- is best rendered by childhood, e.g., Kinderfrieden peace of childhood)

kindlich, childlike, childly

Kinn, n. -e chin

Kirche, f. -n church

Kirchhof, m. -"e churchyard

Kissen, n. — pillow

Kiste, f. -n chest

Klage, f. -n complaint, plaint; accusation

klagen, intr. complain, make lament

kläglich, pitiable

Klang, m. -"e sound

klappen, intr. clap, click

klar, clear, bright

Kleid, n. -er dress, garment

kleiden, tr. dress, clothe

klein, small, little

klettern, intr. climb

klingen, a, u, intr. resound, sound

klirren, intr. clatter, clank, rattle

Kluft, f. -"e cleft, chasm

klug, clever, intelligent, wise

Knabe, m. -n boy

knallen, intr. crack

Knäuel, m. — ball of thread; entanglement

Knecht, m. -e servant

Knie, n. -e knee

knieen, intr. kneel

knistern, intr. crackle

Knochen, m. — bone

Knospe, f. -n bud

kommen, a[l], o, intr. come

König, m. -e king (In com- pounds Königs- is often best rendered by royal, e.g., Königsmahl, n. royal feast or banquet)

Kopf, m. -"e head

Korn, n. grain, "corn" (the chief grain of a country; in Germany rye or wheat; with the pl. Körner = single seed of grain)

kosen, intr. and tr. fondle, caress

Kraft, f. -"e strength, power

kräftig, strong

Krähe, f. -n crow

krähen, intr. crow; scream, cry out

Kranich, m. -e crane

Kranichzug, m. -"e flight or flock of cranes on wing

krank, ill, sick

kränken, tr. grieve, wound

Kranz, m. -"e wreath, garland

Kraut, n. -"er plant; collective plants, herbage

Kreis, m. -e circle

kreischen, intr. screech

Kreuz, n. -e cross, crucifix

Kreuzbild, n. -er image of the crucified Savior

Krieg, m. -e war

Krieger, m. — warrior

Krone, f. -n crown

Krümlein (dim. of Krume, f.) — crumb

Kuchen, m. — cake

Kugel, f. -n bullet, ball

kühl, cool

kühlen, tr. cool

Kummer, m. worry, care

kummervoll, filled with care

Kunde, f. lore, news

kund-machen, tr. make known, announce

künftig, future

Kunst, f. -"e art

Kunstgebild, n. -e work of art

Kuppel, f. -n cupola, dome

Kuß, m. -"e kiss

küssen, tr. kiss

Küste, f. -en coast

L

laben, tr. refresh

Lache, f. -n pool, puddle

lächeln, intr. smile

lachen, intr. laugh

Lager, n. — couch

Laken, n. — sheet

Lampe, f. -n lamp

Land, n. -"er (poet. pl. Lande) land, country

Landesenge, f. -n isthmus

Landschaft, f. -en landscape

lang, long

langsam, slow

längst, long since

Lanze, f. -n lance

Lärm, m. noise

Last, f. -en burden

Laterne, f. -n lantern

lau, lukewarm, mild

Laub, n. foliage

Laube, f. -n arbor

lauern, intr. (auf with acc.) wait eagerly or greedily for something; lie in wait for, lurk for

Lauf, m. course

laufen, ie, au; äu, intr. run

lauschen, intr. listen

laut, loud

Laut, m. -e sound

Laute, f. -n lute

lauter, pure, nothing but

leben, intr. live; lebe wohl farewell

Leben, n. — life

lebendig, alive, living

lebenlos, lifeless

Lebewohl, n. farewell

leer, empty, vacant; meaningless, idle

leeren, tr. empty

legen, tr. lay, place, put; refl. lie down

lehnen, tr. and refl. lean

Leib, m. -er body

Leiblied, n. -er favorite song

Leiche, f. -n corpse

Leichenchor, m. -"e funeral choir

Leichenzug, m. -"e funeral procession

Leichnam, m. -e corpse

leicht, light (not heavy)

leichtgläubig, credulous

Leid, n. -es, -en grief, sorrow; wrong, injury; pain

leid tun, grieve for; etwas tut mir — I grieve or feel pity for something

leiden, itt, itt, tr. suffer, endure

Leier, f. -n lyre

leise, soft (not loud)

Lende, f. -n loin

Lenz, m. -e spring

Lerche, f. -n lark

Lerchenwirbel, m. — thrill (song) of the larks

Lerchenzug, m. -"e procession of larks

lernen, tr. learn

Lese, f. -n gleaning, harvest

lesen, a, e; ie, tr. read

leuchten, intr. shine, glow, gleam

Leute, pl. people

Leutnant, m. -s lieutenant

licht, light, bright

Licht, n. -er light; candle

Lid, n. -er eyelid

lieb, dear, sweet, beloved; (superlative used as a noun) der (die) Liebste dearest, beloved

Liebchen, n. — sweetheart

Liebe, f. love

lieben, tr. love

Liebesschein, m. glow of love

liebevoll, affectionate, full of love

lieb-haben, tr. hold dear, love

lieblich, pretty, lovely, sweet

Liebling, m. -e pet, favorite, darling

liebselig, blessed with love

Lied, n. -er song

Liedeslust, f. joy of song

liegen, a, e, intr. lie

Lilie, f. -n lily

lind, gentle, mild

Linde, f. -n linden tree, basswood

links, left; die Linke left hand

Lippe, f. -n lip

lispeln, intr. and tr. lisp

List, f. -en craft, cunning

Lob, n. praise

loben, tr. praise

Lobgesang, m. -"e song of praise

Locke, f. -n lock or tress of hair

locken, tr. entice, lure

Lorbeer, m. -s, -en laurel

Los, n. -e lot, fate

lose (los), loose; los werden get rid of

lösen, tr. loosen, set free, release

Lotosblume, f. -n lotus flower

Luft, f. -"e air, breeze (dim. always = breeze)

luftig, airy

Lust, f. -"e joy, desire; (pl. usually = lusts)

Lustgemach, n. -"er pleasure hall, festal hall

M

machen, tr. make

Macht, f. -"e power

Mädchen, n. — girl

Madonna, f. -en Madonna, the Holy Virgin

Magd, f. -"e maid, maiden

Mägdlein, n. — maiden, lassie

Mahd, f. -en mowing, hay crop

Mahl, n. -e and -"er repast, banquet, feast

Mähne, f. -n mane

Mähre, f. -n mare

Mai, m. May (month) (In compounds often Maien, e.g., Maienglück, n. Maytime bliss)

Maid, f. (poet.) maiden

Mal, n. -e time; zweimal two times

malen, tr. paint

Manen, pl. Manes, i.e., spirits of the departed

Mann, m. -"er man

Männerwürde, f. -n manly dignity

Mantel, m. -" mantle

Märchen, n. — fairy tale

märchenstill, faery still

Märe, f. -n tale

Marie, f. Mary

Mark, n. marrow

markig, containing marrow; (fig.) pithy, virile

Marmor, m. marble

Marmorbild, n. -er marble image, statue

Marsch, m. -"e march

Matte, f. -n meadow (especially) mountain meadow

Mauer, f. -n wall

Maultier, n. -e mule

Meer, n. -e sea

meiden, ie, ie, tr. shun, avoid

meinen, tr. think, mean, be of the opinion

Meister, m. — master

melden, tr. announce, make known; mention

Melodei, f., (poet. license) for Melodie, f. -en melody

melodisch, melodious

Menge, f. -n crowd, throng

mengen, tr. and refl. mix, intermingle

Mensch, m. -en human being, man (i.e., homo) (In compounds Menschen- often = human)

messen, a[l], e; i, tr. measure, compare; sich mit jemandem messen try one's strength against another's

Miene, f. -n expression, mien, air

mild, mild, gentle

mischen, tr. mix, mingle

mit, sep. pref. along (with others); e.g., mit-gehen go along

Mitte, f. -n middle, midst

Mitternacht, f. -"e midnight

Moder, m. mould, decay

Mohn, m. poppy

Mond, m. -e moon

Mondnacht, f. -"e moonlit night

moosig, mossy

Mord, m. -e murder

Mörder, m. — murderer

morgen, to-morrow

Morgen, m. — morning

Morgenland, n. Orient

Morgenrot, n. the red morning sky, Aurora

Möwe, f. -n sea gull

müde, tired; eine Sache — sein be tired of a thing

Mühe, f. -n difficulty; endeavor

mühen, tr. weary

Mühle, f. -n mill

Mühlengraben, m. -" mill brook or ditch

Müller, m. — miller

Mund, m. (-e or -"er, both rare) mouth

munter, merry, cheerful

mürbe, tender, soft, brittle

murmeln, intr. murmur

Musik, f. music

Mut, m. courage, spirit

Mutter, f. -" mother

Mütze, f. -n cap

Myrte, f. -n myrtle

N

Nachforschung, f. -en searching out, exploring

nach-gellen, intr. echo or reverberate shrilly

Nachmittag, m. -e afternoon

nach-sehen, a, e; ie, intr. follow a person with one's gaze (with dat.)

Nacht, f. -"e night

nächtens, at night

Nachtigall, f. -en nightingale

nächtlich, nightly, nocturnal

nackend, nackt naked

Nacken, m. — neck

nahe, near, close to; nah an close to

Nähe, f. nearness, presence

nahen, refl. approach, draw near

nähen, tr. sew

Nahrung, f. -en food

Name, m. -ns, -n name

nass, wet, moist

Natter, f. -n viper, adder

Natur, f. -en nature

Nebel, m. — fog, mist

necken, tr. tease; neckend playful

nehmen, a, omm; imm, tr. take

neidisch, envious

neigen, tr. and refl. bow, bend

Nest, n. -er nest

netzen, tr. wet, moisten, wash

neu, new

Neujahr, n. New Year

nicken, intr. nod

nie, never

nieder, sep. pref. down, downward

nieder-brechen, a[l], o; i, intr. plunge down

Niederländer, m. — Dutchman; Dutch Master (i.e., painter)

nieder-liegen, a, e, for darnieder-liegen, intr. lie prostrate

nieder-steigen, ie, ie intr. descend

nimmer, never, nevermore

nimmermehr, nevermore

nimmersatt, insatiable

nirgends, nowhere

Nixe, f. -n nymph

Nord(en), m. north

Nordlicht, n. -er northern lights

Normann(e), m. -en Norman

Not, f. -"e dire need, distress

nun, now

O

obgleich, although

obschon, even if, although

öde, desolate, waste

offen, open

öffnen, tr. and refl. open

Öffnung, f. -en opening

Ohr, n. -s, -en ear

Oktober, m. October

Opfer, n. — sacrifice

Orakel, n. — oracle; —spruch utterance of the oracle

Orange, f. -n orange

Ort, m. -e and -"er place, spot

Ost(en), m. east

P

Paar, n. -e pair, couple

Page, m. -n page

Palast, m. -"e palace

Palme, f. -n palm (tree)

Panier, n. -e banner

Pantoffel, m. -s, -(n) slipper

Panzer, m. — coat of mail

passen, intr. watch, wait for

passieren, intr. (s) happen, come to pass

Pein, f. pain, torment

peitschen, tr. lash, whip

Perserschah, m. the Shah of Persia

Pfad, m. -e path

pfeifen, iff, iff, tr. whistle

Pfeil, m. -e arrow

Pferd, n. -e horse

Pfingsten, f. pl. Pentecost

pflanzen, tr. plant

Pflug, m. -"e plow

Pfühl, m., n. -e pillow, bolster, cushion

Piccolo, f. piccolo (a small shrill flute)

picken, tr. and intr. tick (of a watch)

Pinsel, m. — painter's brush

plätschern, intr. ripple, splash

plötzlich, suddenly

pochen, intr. beat, knock

Pokal, m. -e goblet

Port, m. -e port

Post, f. -en mail, mail cqach

Posthorn, n. -"er postman's horn

Postillion, m. -e postilion

Pracht, f. splendor

prächtig, splendid, magnificent

Preis, m. -e prize, the best of all

preisen, ie, ie, tr. praise

pressen, tr. press, choke

Puk, m. Puck

pulsen, intr. pulse

Pulver, n. — powder

Q

Qual, f. -en torment, torture, pain

quälen, tr. torment, torture

Qualm, m. dense smoke or vapor

qualmen, intr. rise in fumes, give forth smoke

Quartier, n. -e quarters

Quell, m. -e, f. -en spring, fountain

quellen, intr. well; flow

querfeldein, straight through the fields

R

Rache, f. revenge, vengeance

rächen (archaic o, o), tr. and refl. revenge, avenge

Rächer, m. — avenger

Rad, n. -"er wheel

ragen, intr. tower, loom up

Rand, m. -"er edge, rim

rasch, quick, fast

rascheln, intr. rustle

rasen, intr. rage

Rasen, m. — green sward, turf

rasten, intr. rest

rauben, tr.; jemanden etwas — rob or deprive a person of a thing

Räuber, m. — robber

rauh, rough, rude

Raum, m. —"e space, realm, room, place

rauschen, intr. roar, rustle; leis rauschend softly rustling or murmuring

Rebe, f. -n grape

Rechnung, f. -en bill, account

recht, right; true, real

rege, active

regen, refl. move, stir

Regen, m. rain

Regenbogen, m. — rainbow

regungslos, motionless

Reh, n. -e roe, deer

reich, rich

Reich, n. -e empire, realm

reichen, tr. reach, give

Reigen, m. — a round dance

Reihe, f. -n row

reihen, tr. and refl. arrange; join in a row or line

Reihen, m. = Reigen

rein, clean, pure

Reise, f. -n journey

reisen, intr. travel, journey

reißen, i, i, tr. tear, pull, draw

reiten, itt, itt, intr. ride

Reiter, m. — rider, horseman

Reitersmann, m., pl. -leute poet. for Reiter

reizen, tr. allure, attract, charm

rennen, rannte, gerannt, intr. run, race

Requiem, n. requiem

Rest, m. -e remnant

retten, tr. rescue, save

Retter, m. — rescuer

Reue, f. repentance, remorse

Revier, n. -e territory, ground

Rhein, m. Rhine

richten, tr. judge; das Wort an jemanden — address somebody

riechen, o[s], o[s], tr. scent, smell, sniff

Riese, m. -n giant

riesengroß, of gigantic size

Riesengröße, f. -n giant size

riesenhaft, gigantic

Riesenmaß, n. -e giant stature or size

Ring, m. -e ring, circle

Ringelreihen, m. — round dance

ringen, a, u, tr. struggle, fight

rings, rings herum round about, on all sides

rinnen, a, o, intr. flow, stream

Rippe, f. -n rib

rippendürr, skinny, gaunt (so thin that the ribs protrude)

Ritter, m. — knight

Ritterschaft, f. knighthood

röcheln, intr. rattle in one's throat, breathe the last gasp

Rock, m. -"e coat

Rocken, m. — distaff

Rohr, n. -e reed, cane; tube, pipe (hence smokestack, chimney)

rollen, tr. and intr. roll

Römer, m. — Roman

römisch, Roman

Rose, f. -n rose

Rosenband, n. -er wreath or garland of roses

rosenfarben, rose-colored

Rosenkranz, n. -e rosary

Roß, n. -e steed

rot, red

Rotonde, f. -n rotunda

rücken, tr. and intr. move

Ruder, n. — oar

rudern, intr. and tr. row

Rudertakt, m. rhythm of the oars

rufen, ie, u, tr. and intr. call, cry, shout

Rufer, m. — caller

Ruhe, f. rest, quiet; in Ruh' lassen leave alone or undisturbed

ruhen, intr. rest

Ruhestätte, f. -n resting place

ruhig, calm, quiet

Ruhm, m. fame, glory

rühren, tr. stir, move; touch; wield

rund, round

Rund, n. -e round

Runde, f. -n circle; tosende Runde boisterous circle of the dance

Rune, f. -n runic letter

Runenstein, m. -e rune stone

Rußland, n. Russia

Rüstung, f. -en armor, coat of mail

S

Saal, m. -e hall

Saat, f. -en seed, grain sown; young crop

Saatengrün, n. the green of young crops

Sache, f. -n matter, cause; meine — my affair

sacht, soft

säen, tr. sow

Säer, m. — sower

Sage, f. -n myth, legend

sagen, tr. say

Saite, f. -n string (of a musical instrument)

samt, (prep, with dat.) together with

Sand, m. sand

sanft, gentle

Sang, m. song

Sänger, m. — singer

Sängertum, n. minstrelsy

Sattel, m. — saddle

sauber, neat

saugen, o, o, tr. suck, drink in

Säule, f. -n pillar, column

Saum, m. -e hem, edge, border

säumen, tr. hem, fringe

säuseln, intr. rustle

sausen, intr. rush, roar, whiz

Schacht, m. -e gorge, ravine

schade: es ist — it is a pity; ewig — great pity

Schäfer, m. — shepherd

schaffen, u[l], a, tr. create, bring forth; intr. and tr. weak verb work, do

Schale, f. -n cup, bowl; scale (of a balance); in gleichen Schalen in equal scales

schallen, weak and o, o, sound, resound

Schalmei, f. -en reed pipe, shawm

Schar, f. -en flock, crowd

Schärpe, f. -n sash, scarf

Schatten, m. — shadow, shade

Schauder, m. — shudder, thrill of awe

schauen, tr. and intr. look, gaze, see

Schauer, m. — thrill of awe, shudder

schauerlich, causing a shudder, horrible

schauern, intr. shudder

Schaugerüste, n. — stage, platform

schäumen, intr. foam

schaurig, horrible

Schauspiel, n. -e drama

Scheide, f. -n line of separation

scheiden, ie, ie, tr. and intr. separate, part, leave

Scheidetag, m. -e day of parting

Scheidewand, f. -"e partition

Schein, m. -e light, glow

scheinen, ie, ie, intr. shine, gleam; seem

Scheitel, m. — crown or top of the head

Schelle, f. -n bell

Schellenträger, m. — crescent player (the crescent Schellenbaum, m., = a crescent-shaped instrument with a series of bells that are struck with a hammer)

Schelm, m. -e rogue, rascal

Schemen, m. — phantom, shadow

schenken, tr. present, give

scheren, tr. vex, tease; was schert mich das? what does that matter to me or concern me?

scheu, shy, timid, timorous

Scheuer, f. -n barn, granary

schicken, tr. send

Schicksal, n. -e fate, destiny

schier, sheer

schießen, o[s], o[s], tr. and intr. shoot; intr. (= sich schnell bewegen) shoot or dash along; zur Erde — to plunge to earth

Schiff, n. -e ship

schiffen, intr. travel by ship, sail

Schiffer, m. — sailor, boatman

Schild, m. -e shield

Schilderklang, m. ringing or clanking of shields

Schildwache, f. -n sentinel, guard

Schilf, n. sedge

schilfig, covered with sedge

schimmern, intr. glisten, gleam

schirmen, tr. protect, shield

Schlaf, m. sleep

Schläfe, f. -n temple

schlafen, ie, a; ä, intr. sleep

schläfrig, sleepy

Schlag, m. -"e blow, stroke

schlagen, u, a; ä, tr. beat, strike; die Saiten — strike the cords; den Mantel um jemanden — throw the mantle around someone; intr. beat; (of birds) sing

Schlange, f. -n snake

schlank, slender

schleichen, i, i, intr. steal, slip or creep along

Schleier, m. — veil

Schleppe, f. -n train (of a dress)

schleppen, tr. drag

schleudern, tr. hurl

schliessen, o[s], o[s], tr. close

Schlinge, f. -n snare, sling

schlingen, a, u, tr. wind, circle

Schloss, n. -"er castle

Schlummer, m. slumber

Schlummerer, m. — slumberer

schlummerlos, slumberless

schlummern, intr. slumber

Schmach, f. disgrace

schmal, narrow

Schmaus, m. -"e feast, banquet

schmeicheln, intr. (with dat.) flatter

Schmerz, m. -es, -en pain

schmerzenlos, painless

Schmetterling, m. -e butterfly

Schmied, m. -e smith

Schmiede, f. -n smithy

schmuck, trim, handsome

schmücken, tr. adorn, deck

schnarchen, intr. snore

Schnee, m. snow

schneiden, itt, itt, tr. cut

schneien, intr. snow

schnell, quick

Schnitter, m. — reaper

schnöde, mean, despicable

schnüren, tr. lace

Scholle, f. -n clod

schön, beautiful, fair

Schönheit, f. -en beauty

Schrank, m. -"e cupboard, press, case

Schrecken, m. — terror

schreckenbleich, pale with terror

Schrei, m. — cry, scream

schreiben, ie, ie, tr. write

schreien, ie, ie, tr. and intr. scream, shout, cry

Schrein, m. -e shrine

schreiten, itt, itt, intr. step, stride; ihm zur Seite — walk at his side; zum Sturme — proceed to attack

Schrift, f. -en writing

Schritt, m. -e step, pace

schrittweise, step by step

Schuld, f. -en guilt, debt

schuldbewußt, conscious of guilt, conscience stricken

schuldig, guilty

Schuppe, f. -n scale

Schuppenkette, f. -n scale chain

schüren, tr. stir up; das Feuer — poke the fire

Schuß, m. -"sse shot; ein — fällt a shot is heard

Schutt, m. ruins, rubbish, debris

Schutz, m. protection

schützen, tr. protect, shield

schwach, weak, feeble

Schwager, m. -" brother-in-law; coachman (corruption of chevalier)

Schwalbe, f. -n swallow

Schwan, m. -"e swan

schwanken, intr. waver, vacillate

Schwarm, m. -"e swarm

schwarz, black

schwärzlich, blackish

schwatzen, tr. and intr. chatter, chat, gossip

schweben, intr. hover

Schweif, m. -e tail (as of a horse or of a peacock); train (of a garment)

schweifen, intr. roam, rove; tr. curve, slope

schweigen, ie, ie, intr. be silent; (as a noun = silence)

Schweizerland, n. ( = die Schweiz) Switzerland

Schwelle, f. -n threshold

schwellen, o, o; i, intr. swell, rise; manch Herze schwoll many a heart beat high; der Klang zum Ohre schwoll the sound surged in upon the ear

schwenken, tr. swing, shake, flourish

schwer, heavy; grievous

Schwert, n. -er sword

Schwester, f. -n sister

schwimmen, a, o, intr. swim

schwindeln, intr. be dizzy; schwindelnde Höhen dizzying heights

schwinden, a, u, intr. dwindle, vanish, disappear

Schwinge, f. -n pinion, wing

schwingen, a, u, tr. and intr. swing; sich aufs Pferd — mount; das Rad — turn the wheel

schwirren, intr. whir

schwül, sultry

Schwüle, f. sultry heat, sultriness

Schwung, m. -e swing

See, m. -s,-n lake

See, f. -n sea, ocean; zur — on sea

Seele, f. -n soul

segeln, intr. sail

Segen, m. — blessing

segnen, tr. bless

sehen, a, e; ie, tr. and intr. see

Sehnsucht, f. longing, yearning

sehnsuchtsvoll, full of longing

Seide, f. -n silk

seiden, silk, silken

seitab, apart, off to one side

Seite, f. -n side

selig, blessed, blissful

seltsam, strange

senden, sandte, gesandt, tr. send

senken, tr. cause to sink, lower; mit gesenktem Haupte with bowed head

Sense, f. -n scythe

setzen, tr. set, place, put

seufzen, intr. sigh

Seufzer, m. — sigh

Sichel, f. -n sickle

sicher, firm, safe

Sieg, m. -e victory

Silber, n. silver

silbern, silver, silvery

singen, a, u, tr. and intr. sing

sinken, a, u, intr. sink, descend; (of eyes) close

Sinn, m. -e sense, mind, spirit, thought, intent

sinnen, a, o, tr. and intr. think, ponder, meditate

Sitte, f. -n custom

Sitz, m. -e seat

sitzen, saß, gesessen intr. sit

Sklave, m. -n slave

sobald, conj. as soon as

sogar, adv. even

sogleich, at once, immediately

Sohle, f. -n sole; bottom of a valley

Sohn, m. -"e son

Soldat, m. -en soldier

Sommer, m. — summer

Sonne, f. -n sun

Sonnenregen, m. rain that falls during sunshine, "sun shower"

Sonnenschein, m. sunshine

Sonntag, m. -e Sunday, Sabbath

sonst, otherwise; besides; — nichts naught else

Sorge, f. -n care

sorgen, intr. care for, take care of

Span, m. "-e chip, splinter

spannen, tr. stretch, bend; das Gezelt — pitch the tent

spät, late

Spätboot, n. -"e late evening boat

Spaten, m. — spade

Speer, m. -e spear

Speise, f. -n food

speisen, tr. and intr. eat; feast on

sperren, tr. bar, block

spiegeln, tr. mirror, reflect

Spiel, n. -e play, game; mit etwas sein — treiben make sport of a thing

spielen, tr. and intr. play

Spielmann, m., pl. —leute minstrel

spinnen, a, o, tr. spin

Splitter, m. — splinter, fragment, shred

Sporn, m. -s, Sporen spur; einem Pferde die Sporen geben set spurs to a horse

Spott, m. mockery, jest

spotten, intr. mock, jeer, deride

sprechen, a[l], o; i, tr. and intr. speak, say

sprengen, intr. gallop

spriessen, o[s], o[s], intr. sprout

springen, a, u, intr. spring, leap, jump; (of sparks) fly; (of a brook) gush or play

Spruch, m. -"e verse, motto

Sprung, m. -"e leap, jump, bound

Spur, f. -en trace, track, clue

spüren, tr. notice, feel

spüren, intr. trace, track

Stab, m. -"e staff

Stadt, f. -"e city, town

Staffelei, f. -en easel

Stamm, m. -"e tribe

stampfen, tr. and intr. stamp

Stange, f. -n beam, pole, stalk

Stapfe, f. -n footstep, footprint

starr, rigid, motionless

starren, intr. stare

stattlich, stately, splendid

Staub, m. dust

stäuben, intr. fly like dust, spray

Staubgewand, n. -"er garb of dust

staunen, intr. marvel, wonder

stechen, a[l], o; i, tr. sting, prick; stab, pierce

stecken, tr. stick, place, erect

stecken, intr. be, find oneself

Steg, m. -e path; narrow wooden bridge

stehen, stand, gestanden intr. stand

stehlen, a, o; ie, tr. steal

steigen, ie, ie, intr. rise, ascend

steil, steep

Stein, m. -e stone, rock

steinern, (of) stone

sterben, a, o; i, intr. die

sterblich, mortal

Stern, m. -e star

sternklar, starry clear

stets, always

Steuer, n. — rudder

Steurer, m. — steersman

still, silent, still

Stille, f. silence

stillen, tr. hush, assuage

Stimme, f. -n voice

Stirn(e), f. -n brow, forehead

stöhnen, intr. groan

stolz, proud

Stolz, m. pride

stören, tr. disturb

Stoß, m. "-e thrust, blow

stoßen, ie, o; ö, tr. thrust, push

Strahl, m., -s, -en beam or ray (of light); jet or stream (of water)

strahlen, intr. beam, shine

stramm, sturdy

Strand, m. -e strand

Strasse, f. -n street

Strassentreiben, n. bustle or stir of life on the streets

Strauch, m. "-er bush

Strauss, m. "-e bouquet

streben, intr. strive

strecken, tr. stretch

Streich, m. -e blow, stroke

streicheln, tr. caress, stroke

streichen, i[s], i[s], tr. stroke; intr. pass or roam along

Streif, m. -e = Streifen, m. -en strip

streifen, tr. pass along, brush

Streit, m. -e battle, combat

streng, severe, stern

streuen, tr. strew (durcheinander helter-skelter)

Strich, m. -e stroke (as with a pen or brush)

Stroh, n. straw

Strom, m. -"e stream, river

strömen, intr. stream

strotzen, intr. swell, be full to bursting

Stube, f. -n room, chamber

Stück, n. -e piece, part

Stufe, f. -n step (of a stairway); tier (of seats)

stufenweise, by steps

stumm, mute, silent, dumb

Stunde, f. -n hour

Sturm, m. -"e storm; attack

stürmen, intr. storm, rage

Sturmglocke, f. -n tocsin

Sturz, m. -"e plunge, fall

stürzen, intr. plunge, fall

Stütze, f. -n support, prop

stutzen, intr. start back, stop short, startle

suchen, tr. seek, look for

Süden, m. south

sühnen, tr. atone, expiate

Summe, f. -n sum

summen, intr. hum, buzz

Sünde, f. -n sin

Sünder, m. — sinner

süss, sweet

Syringe, f. -n lilac

Szene, f. -n scene

T

Tag, m. -e day

Tagwerk, n. -e daily labor, day's work

Tal, n. -"er valley

Tanne, f. -n evergreen, pine

Tanz, m. -"e dance

tanzen, intr. dance

Tanzplan, m. dance floor; (Plan, m. glade, open place in the forest)

tasten, intr. grope, feel about

Tat, f. -en deed

Täter, m. — doer

Tau, m. dew

tauchen, tr dip, plunge, immerse; intr. dive

tauschen, tr. exchange

täuschen, tr. deceive

Teich, m. -e pond

teilen, tr. share, apportion

Tempel, m. — temple

teuer, dear

Theater, n. — theater

Thron, m. -e, (-en) throne

thronen, intr. be enthroned

Thronenflitter, m. — royal pomp

tief, deep

Tiefe, f. -n depth

Tochter, f. -" daughter

Tod, m. -e death

Todesglut, f. -en deadly glow

Todeskampf, m. -"e death struggle

Todesritt, m. ride of death

toll, mad

Ton, m. -"e tone

tönen, intr. sound, resound, ring

Tor, n. -e gate, portal

tosen, intr. rage, roar

tot, dead

Totenbahre, f. -n bier

Totenschrein, m. -e shrine for the dead (i. e., coffin)

traben, intr. trot

Tracht, f. -en garb, costume

träge, idle, lazy

tragen, u, a; ä, tr. carry, bear

Träne, f. -n tear

trauen, intr. (with dat.) trust

Trauer, f. mourning, sadness

trauern, intr. mourn

traulich, cozy

Traum, m. -"e dream

träumen, tr. and intr. dream (ich träume or mir träumt)

träumerisch, dreamy

Traumesflug, m. flight or passing of a dream

traurig, sad

traut, dear, beloved, sweetly familiar

treffen, a, o; i, tr. strike, hit

treiben, ie, ie, drive; carry on (as a noun - bustle, stir, contending)

trennen, tr. separate

treten, a, e; itt, intr. step; ins Glied — step into line

treu, faithful

Treue, f. faithfulness, troth

treulos, faithless

Tribunal, n.—e tribunal

Trieb, m.-e impulse, impetus

trinken, a, u, tr. and intr. drink

Tritt, m. -e step

Triumph, m. -e triumph

trocknen, tr. and intr. dry

Trommel, f. -n drum

Tropfen, _m. — drop

Trost, m. consolation

trostlos, disconsolate

trotzen, intr. (with dat.) defy

trotzig, defiant, bold

trübe, sad, melancholy

Trug, m. deception, delusion

Truhe, f. -n ehest, trunk

Trümmer, n. pl. ruins

Trunk, m. drink, potion

Tuba, f. -s and Tuben tuba

tun, a, a; tr. do

Tür, f. -en door

Türkentrommel, f. -n kettle-drum

Turm, m. -"e tower

türmen, intr. tower; tr. pile up

U

üben, tr. and refl. practise, exercise; use, give play to, exert

Überfluss, m. abundance, profusion

überfluten, tr. inundate, cover (as with a flood)

überlassen, ie, a; ä, tr. leave to

überschallen, tr. outsound

überschlagen, u, a; ä, tr. cover

überschütten, tr. pour over, cover

überspülen, tr. over flood, inundate

überwehen, tr. blow over

Ufer, n. — bank, shore

um-bringen, brachte, gebracht, tr. rob of life, put to death

umfangen, i, a; ä, tr. embrace, surround, enclose

umflechten, o, o; i, tr. entwine, encircle (cf. flechten)

umflimmern, tr. surround with flickering light

umflügeln, tr. fly around, encircle in flight

umgeben, a, e; tr. surround

um-gürten, tr. gird or buckle on

umhallen, tr. surround with sound

umher-geisten, intr. move about like ghosts or phantoms

umhüllen, tr. enwrap, envelop

umsausen, tr. roar around; whiz around

umsonst, in vain

umwandeln, tr. encircle in wandering

umwinden, a, u, tr. wind about, encircle, entwine

umwogen, tr. flow around, encircle (as waves do)

unaufgefunden, unfound, undiscovered

unbeweint, unmourned

unbewusst, unconscious

unchristlich, unchristian

unendlich, infinite, endless

unerforschlich, inscrutable

unergründet, unfathomed

unergründlich, unfathomable

unerreichlich, unattainable

unfreiwillig, involuntary

ungebrochen, unbroken

ungeduldig, impatient

Ungeheuer, n. — monster

ungehört, unheard

ungesehen, unseen

ungestüm, impetuous

ungeteilt, undivided

ungeweiht, unhallowed

ungewiss, uncertain

unmutig, vexed, angry

unsicher, unsafe, uncertain

unsichtbar, invisible

unterbrechen, a[l], o; i, tr. interrupt

unter-gehen, ging, gegangen, intr. go down; perish; (of the sun) set

Unterlass, m.; occurs only in ohne Unterlass incessantly

unterscheiden, ie, ie, tr. distinguish

unverbunden, not bandaged

unverrückt, undisturbed, not moved out of place

unversehens, unexpectedly

unverstellt, undisguised, unhidden

unverwüstlich, indestructible (verwüsten, tr. = lay waste, devastate)

unzählig, beyond number, numberless

üppig, luxuriant, rich

uralt, very old, ancient, primeval

Urne, f. -n urn

V

Vater, m. -" father

Vaterland, n. -"er fatherland

Vätersaal, m. -säle ancestral hall

Veilchen, n. — violet

verbeissen, i[s], i[s], tr. suppress, stifle

verbergen, a, o; i, tr. hide, conceal

verbieten, o, o, tr. forbid

verbleichen, i[s], i[s], intr. fade, turn pale

verbringen, verbrachte, verbracht, tr. spend, pass

verderben, a, o; i, intr. perish

verdienen, tr. deserve, merit

verdorren, intr. wither, dry up

verdrängen, tr. push aside, crowd out, displace

verdriessen, o[s], o[s], tr. vex, grieve

verdunkeln, tr. darken

vereinen, tr. unite

verengen, tr. narrow, contract, compress

Verfall, m. ruin

verfliegen, o, o, intr. fly away, vanish

verfliessen, o[s], o[s], intr. flow off or away; (of time) pass by

verführen, tr. lead astray, seduce

vergehen, verging, vergangen, intr. vanish, pass away

vergessen, a[l], e; i, tr. forget (in poetry sometimes with gen.)

vergleichen, i[s], i[s], tr. compare

vergnügt, happy, contented

vergolden, tr. gild; den grauen Tag — turn the gray day into gold

vergönnen, tr. grant, allow

verhallen, intr. (of sound) vanish, die away

verhängt, (of reins) slackened; mit verhängtem Zügel at full speed

verhauchen, tr. breathe out, expire

verhüllen, tr. cover, veil, hide

verirren, intr. and refl. go astray, err

verklingen, a, u, intr. (of sound) die away, vanish

verkünden, tr. announce, make known

Verlangen, tr. demand; mich verlangt nach etwas I long for something

Verlangen, n. desire, longing

verlassen, ie, a; ä, tr. leave, forsake

verlernen, unlearn, forget

verliebt, in love, enamored, lovelorn

verlieren, o, o, tr. lose

verlocken, tr. entice

vermählen, tr. give in marriage; refl. marry, wed (mit jemand)

vermeinen, intr. think, believe

vermögen, vermochte, vermocht (inflected like mögen) tr. (with zu and infinitive) be able (to do a thing)

vernehmen, a, omm; imm, tr. become aware of, perceive, hear

veröden, intr. become waste or desolate; tr. lay waste or devastate

verraten, ie, a; ä, tr. betray

verrauschen, intr. rush away, hurry past, rustle or rush by

verreisen, intr. go on a journey

verröcheln, intr. expire, breathe the death rattle

verrucht, accursed, ruthless

versagen, tr. refuse

versammeln, tr. and refl. gather, collect

verscharren, tr. bury (hurriedly or carelessly)

verscheiden, ie, ie, intr. pass away, die

verschlafen, drowsy with sleep

verschleiern, tr. veil

verschliessen, o, o, tr. close up

verschlingen, a, u, tr. engulf, swallow up

verschweigen, ie, ie, tr. keep secret, conceal

verschwinden, a, u, intr. disappear

versehren, tr. injure, damage, defile

versenken, tr. sink, bury

versetzen, tr. reply

versiegen, intr. run dry, dry up

versinken, a, u, intr. sink down, go to the bottom; in Leid versunken buried or lost in sorrow

versöhnen, tr. reconcile; propitiate, appease

verspäten, tr. and refl. make late, delay

versprechen, a[l], o; i, tr. promise

verspüren, tr. notice, feel

Verständnis, n. understanding

verständnisinnig, with deep understanding

versteint, covered with stones

verstohlen, stealthy, in secret

verstören, tr. disturb, upset, bewilder

verstreuen, tr. scatter, disperse

verstummen, intr. grow mute, become silent

versuchen, tr. tempt

vertrauen, tr. entrust; vertraut confiding, trusting

verwacht, weary with waking

verwaisen, intr. become an orphan; verwaist orphaned

verwehen, tr. (of the wind) blow or drive away; intr. be blown away, scatter

verwildern, intr. grow wild

verwirren, tr. confuse; p.p., verworren confused

verwundert, astonished

verzehren, tr. consume

viel, much

vielleicht, perhaps

Viererzug, m. "-e team of four

Vogel, m. "- bird

vogelsprachekund, understanding the language of the birds

Volk, n. "-er people

voll, full

vollenden, tr. complete, accomplish

Vollkommenheit, f. -en perfection

Vollmond, m. -e full moon

voran, before, at the head

vorbei, gone, past, by

vorbei-fliegen, o, o, intr. fly by or past

vorkommen, a[l], o, intr. seem, appear

vor-sprechen, a[l], o; i, tr. pronounce a word before a person; sich etwas — say a thing to oneself

vorüber, past

vorüber-gehen, ging, gegangen, intr. go past or by, pass