Note 12 — Chapter V · ANDALUCIA AND ITS BIG GAME STILL-HUNTING (RED DEER)

This, the southernmost form of the green woodpecker, has much the most ringing voice. The closely allied northern form, G. canus, that one hears constantly in Norway, utters but a sharp monosyllabic note. A second curious fact may here be mentioned: that the great grey shrike, just named, Lanius meridionalis, is resident in Spain throughout the year, while the closely allied and almost identical L. excubitor breeds exclusively in the far north (chiefly within the Arctic) and only descends to England in winter. Besides the harsh note mentioned above, the southern shrike, in spring, utters a piping whistle not unlike a golden plover.