Note 23 — Chapter VII · RUSSIA RESISTS AND FRANCE IS UNCERTAIN

Sources of the treaties granting special privileges to France are sighted in Note 3, Chapter II. Regarding the origins and nature of the French protectorate over Roman Catholic missions see the article “Capitulations” in the Encyclopedia Britannica, previously cited; J. Brucker, “The Protectorate of Missionaries in the Near East,” in the Catholic Encyclopedia, Volume XII, pp. 488–492; A. Schopoff, Les Réformes et la Protection des Chrétiens en Turquie, 1673–1904 (Paris, 1904); Livre de propagande de l’alliance française, 1883–1893 (Paris, 1894), especially pp. 35 et seq.; Viscomte Aviau de Piolant, La défense des intérêts catholiques en Terre Sainte et en Asie Mineure (Paris, 1886).