Note 1 — Chapter VI · The Verb.
Reading edition
2. ཅིང་ (ཤིང་ etc.), of a similar sense, chiefly used for smaller clauses within a large one, མི་དགའ་ཞིང་ཁྲོས་ཏེ་ ‘when, being displeased, he became angry’, or ‘growing displeased and angry’. Often it denotes two actions going on at the same time, or two states of a thing existing together, and then can only be translated by ‘and’, thus, མཐའ་མེད་ཅིང་མུ་མེད་ ‘without end and boundary’; ཤ་ལ་ཟ་ཞིང་ཁྲག་ལ་འཐུང་བ་ ‘to eat flesh and drink blood’1. It stands also in a causal sense: ‘by doing etc.’, as: ཉ་བཤོར་ཞིང་འཚོའོ་ ‘(we) live by catching fish’. These two (1. and 2.) can also, like the closing o, as mentioned in 40. 1. g, be added to every class of words, in the sense of being: ཁྱོད་རིགས་ཆེ་ཞིང་མཐོ་བ་སྟེ་ ‘as you are high(-born), being of a great family’. In conversation, ཅིང་ is scarcely ever heard.