Note 5 — Chapter XLIX · THE ISLAND OF SAKHALIN.

The following list gives, for the five years preceding my visit, the number of persons condemned to hard labour and sent from European Russia by road to the Sea-coast government and Sakhalin, and who, on their arrival, were distributed to Nikolaefsk, Dui coal-mines, Dui farm, and in small numbers to Aniva Bay. It shows the number remaining over annually from the previous year, the number of additions, of departures by death, finished terms, or removal elsewhere, and the number remaining:—

From last year. Arrivals. Departures. Remaining.

1874 962 759 1,011 710

1875 710 1,919 1,503 1,126

1876 1,126 2,412 2,039 1,499

1877 1,499 1,494 1,429 1,564

1878 1,564 1,116 988 1,692

Taking a rough average, I find a proportion of 18 women convicts to 100 men. Further details respecting these convicts for 1878 will give some idea as to their crimes. There were sent to Nikolaefsk 476 men and 62 women. Of the men, 98 were removed to Dui, and 378 remained on the continent—300 on the Upper Amur, and 70 in the Primorsk province.

These 378 men were convicted of the following crimes:—

Murder 155

Vagrancy and assuming false names 55

Running away 52

Highway robbery 39

Theft 17

Robbery with violence 9

Arson 4

Insubordination to authorities 13

Counterfeiting money 3

Seduction 3

Incest 3

Removing railway irons 1

Crimes not mentioned 24

The crimes of the 62 women were as follows:—

Murdering husbands 28

Murdering illegitimate children 6

Murdering other persons 17

Arson 7

Theft 1

Highway Robbery 1

Counterfeiting money 1

Vagrancy 1