Note 18 — Chapter III

Makrízy says (Khitat, ii. 284) that the minaret of the small mosque of Akbugha included in the Azhar buildings and erected in 1331 was “the first minaret built of stone in the land of Egypt after the Mansuríya” of Kalaún; from which we infer that Kalaún’s minaret (of 1284) was the first stone minaret known to the topographer. He would probably not call the tower of Ibn-Tulún strictly a minaret, and he evidently knew nothing of the stone minarets of the mosque of el-Hákim (see below, p. 138).