Note 4 — Chapter VII · THE GEOGRAPHY AND ETHNOLOGY OF THE MASHONALAND RUINS

Dos Santos calls these people Mocarangas, and in this too, I think, he is right, for the reasons I have previously given.4 They are now, as we have seen, a miserable race of outcasts, fleeing to the mountain fastnesses on the approach of a Zulu raid, hounded and robbed until there is no more spirit in them. Monteiro mentions a Monomotapa, or emperor of Chidima, very decayed, but respectable, with a territory to the west of the Zambesi, near Zumbo. This is probably the same that Livingstone alludes to. An interesting fact that Monteiro also gives us is the number of Zimbabwes north of the Zambesi, as the head kraals of chiefs, showing the northern origin of the name.