Note 492:1 — Chapter XX · THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE CRUSADES
Reading edition
Major Crusades:
(1) 1096-1099—led by knights of France and the Normans.
(2) 1147-1149—led by kings of France and Germany.
(3) 1189-1192—led by kings of France, England, and Germany.
(4) 1202-1204—led by French nobles and the Doge of Venice.